EP0479974A1 - Dispositif de guidage avec installation de mesure - Google Patents

Dispositif de guidage avec installation de mesure

Info

Publication number
EP0479974A1
EP0479974A1 EP19910907256 EP91907256A EP0479974A1 EP 0479974 A1 EP0479974 A1 EP 0479974A1 EP 19910907256 EP19910907256 EP 19910907256 EP 91907256 A EP91907256 A EP 91907256A EP 0479974 A1 EP0479974 A1 EP 0479974A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide
measuring
measuring head
guide rail
guide device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19910907256
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Martin Schneeberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
W SCHNEEBERGER AG MASCHINENFABRIK
Original Assignee
W SCHNEEBERGER AG MASCHINENFABRIK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by W SCHNEEBERGER AG MASCHINENFABRIK filed Critical W SCHNEEBERGER AG MASCHINENFABRIK
Publication of EP0479974A1 publication Critical patent/EP0479974A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/008—Systems with a plurality of bearings, e.g. four carriages supporting a slide on two parallel rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/06—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load
    • F16C29/0633—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with a bearing body defining a U-shaped carriage, i.e. surrounding a guide rail or track on three sides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/007—Encoders, e.g. parts with a plurality of alternating magnetic poles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/0002—Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a guide device with guide bodies movably guided in pairs in one guide direction, one of which is designed as a guide rail for the second, and with a measuring device for determining the movement of the guide bodies relative to one another in the guide direction, the measuring device comprising two interacting measuring parts , a first of these two measuring parts is designed as a measuring standard and is arranged on the first guide body, and the second measuring part is designed as a measuring head cooperating with the measuring standard.
  • Guide devices with a measuring device are provided on many machines, for example on machine tools.
  • the measuring parts are independent of the guiding bodies and are manufactured separately from them.
  • the guide bodies and the measuring parts are assembled and aligned separately in mechanical engineering.
  • special measures are required in mechanical engineering and on the machine in order to relate the guide bodies and the measuring parts to one another.
  • specially machined mounting surfaces and suitable adjustment and holding means must be provided and adjusted on the machine, on the measuring parts and on the guide bodies, all of which is very complex.
  • a guide device with a measuring device in which one of the measuring parts is not independent of one of the guide bodies is known, for example, from AT-B-383212. With this guide device, the dimensional body arranged on a guide rail.
  • the material measure is embedded in a sliding covering which is applied to the guide rail.
  • the material measure is embedded between the guide rail and the sliding covering, that is to say attached to the guide rail and covered by the sliding covering.
  • AT-B-383212 proposes to arrange the measuring head on the slide guided on the guide rail, which means, however, that the measuring head body matching measuring head and the guide body sliding on the guide rail are independent of one another, which is what the already mentioned disadvantages of the prior art cited above arise with regard to the measuring head and the second guide body.
  • such an arrangement is not practical in practice.
  • the longer part of the guide pair in AT-B-383212 the guide rail
  • the shorter part of the guide pair in AT-B-383212 the Slide
  • a disadvantage of the solution according to AT-B-383212 is that the sliding lining is arranged on the guide rail: because of the length of this part of the guide pair, the wear of the sliding lining is not uniform over this entire length, which makes adjustment very difficult and may only allow short table strokes for the sled.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing an economically advantageous guide device of the type mentioned at the outset, which can be produced, assembled and thus used in mechanical engineering with little outlay, without having to make concessions in terms of precision.
  • a guide device of the type mentioned at the outset is characterized in that the guide rail has a plurality of guide surfaces, at least a first of which is intended to support the second guide body and a second is intended to accommodate the material measure , and that the measuring head is arranged on the second guide body.
  • the material measure can be applied directly to the second guide surface, or it can be on or in the material of an elongated support and this support. ger be applied to the second guide surface.
  • the guide device can be designed as a monorail guide and can comprise at least one second guide body, which is guided on the first guide body and is designed as a carriage. Both guide bodies can also be designed as guide rails guided against one another.
  • the transmission of signals from the measuring head to a circuit unit for evaluating these signals can be optical, and either wirelessly via the air space or via an optical fiber, between a transmitter arranged on the measuring head and a fixed receiver electrically connected to the circuit unit respectively.
  • the guide direction can be as straight as it is circular. It goes without saying that if the guiding direction lies along a circle, the guiding surfaces are rotationally symmetrical and have an axis of symmetry which is perpendicular to the plane of the circle and passes through the center thereof.
  • the measuring standard is arranged on the guide rail and the measuring head is arranged on the second guide body, so that the two measuring parts are, so to speak, integrated in the guide device, all that is needed on the machine in machine construction is reference surfaces for the guide bodies to be provided by.
  • mechanical engineering eliminates the otherwise tedious mutual alignment of measuring parts and guide bodies. The effort saved is surprisingly much greater than was expected.
  • One reason for this is that, thanks to the invention, it is possible to manufacture the guide bodies in large numbers in a coordinated manner, and the integration of the measuring parts in the guide bodies can also be rationalized thanks to the large numbers, which means that the guide device according to the invention can be manufactured - tion makes it all the more economical.
  • the guide device according to the invention uses separate guide surfaces to support the second guide body and to accommodate the measuring standard, the measuring device is relieved of any power transmission.
  • the resulting separation of the guiding and measuring functions leads to a significant increase in the precision and wear resistance of the measuring device. It also ensures that the length of the measurable movements is not limited in principle.
  • the material measure can, for example, take the form of an optical, magnetic, electrical or other readable scale.
  • the guide device according to the invention is very well suited for training as a monorail guide.
  • the single guide rail can be provided with a plurality of guide surfaces and, for this purpose, have a polygonal cross section, for example.
  • One or more carriages run on the guide rail, which are supported on one or more guide surfaces of the guide rail, for example, by means of rolling element circulating bearings.
  • rolling element circulating bearings for example, balls or crossed rollers can be used as rolling elements.
  • Such monorail guides allow the two guide bodies to be guided correctly on one another without the need for further guide parts. This also results in a very close relationship between the measurement parts, which improves the precision of the measurement.
  • the guide device according to the invention is also very well suited for formation with two guide rails which are guided against one another and interact, for example, via rolling bodies.
  • the guide device according to the invention can also be successfully used in other combinations of guide bodies.
  • it currently appears to be particularly advantageous to support the guide bodies on one another by means of rolling bodies other friction-reducing measures such as air cushions, magnetic cushions and the like can also be used.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partially broken, schematically drawn perspective view of a first embodiment of the guide device according to the invention for a machine table
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematically drawn side view of the guide device according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematically drawn side view of a guide rail and an adjacent part of a guide body of the guide device according to FIG. 1, in cross section;
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematically drawn front view of a second embodiment of the guide device according to the invention, without foreground and without background;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematically drawn side view of the
  • M denotes some alternative possible material measures on a guide rail
  • 1 a machine frame, 2 a guide rail without measuring scale on the machine frame 1, 3 a guide rail with a measuring scale 30 on the machine frame 1, 4 each a guide body without a measuring head, guided on a guide rail 2 or 3, 5 one on the Guide rail 3 guided, designed as a carriage body with a measuring head 50, 51 some rollers in the carriages 4 and 5, 6 a machine table guided with the carriages 4 and 5 on the guide rails 2 and 3, 7 a spindle drive Motor 8 for the machine table 6, and 9 a circuit unit for evaluating the signals from the measuring head 50 and for controlling the motor 8.
  • 10 denotes a guide rail on a first machine part 11, 12 a ball bearing and 13 a second machine part to which the ball bearing 12 is fastened.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 relate, two guide rails 2 and 3 are fastened on the machine frame 1 in a manner known per se.
  • the guide rail 3 has a guide function and supports a simple carriage 4, which also has only a guide function, and a special carriage 5 with a measuring head 50, which is described further below, via a first guide surface 39.
  • the guide rail 3 has a second guide surface 38 which bears a measuring scale 30. The wagons 4 and 5 are not supported on this second guide surface 38 or on the material measure 30.
  • the special carriage 5 is configured in the same way as the simple carriage 4.
  • the rollers 51 arranged between the guide rail 3 and the carriage 5 are visible in FIG. 3.
  • the guide rail 3 is also designed to be the same as the guide rail 2, except for the features which are related to the material measure 30.
  • measuring scales M would also be possible at the locations indicated in FIG. 3, the measuring head 50 then having to be arranged accordingly.
  • the carriages 4 and 5 carry a machine table 6 which can be moved by a motor 8 via a spindle drive 7 (the motor 8 is only visible in FIG. 2).
  • the movement caused thereby is read by the measuring head 50 on the material measure 30, and the result is fed to a circuit unit 9, which in turn actuates the motor 8.
  • the circuit unit 9 can be set up for manual and / or automatic control in a manner known per se, so that the feed of the machine table 6 can be controlled safely and as desired.
  • the material measure 30 can, for example, be introduced directly on or into the material of the guide rail 3 at the second guide surface 38, for example by etching, impressing magnetic states and the like.
  • the dimensional embodiment 30 can, however, also be provided separately in the form of an elongated, for example tape-shaped, scale and can be applied to or in the material of an elongated support.
  • This carrier is then applied to the second guide surface 38 during manufacture of the guide rail 3, for example the carrier can be glued to this second guide surface 38 get connected.
  • the measuring head 50 is consequently to be matched to the formation of the material measure 30 (optical lines, magnetic signals and the like).
  • the transmission of signals from the measuring head 50 to the circuit unit 9, in which these signals are evaluated, can take place optically.
  • a transmitter 52 for example a light-emitting diode
  • a receiver 53 for example a photodiode, electrically connected to the circuit unit 9, is provided on a fixed part, for example on the machine frame 1.
  • the light transmission between the transmitter 52 and the receiver 53 takes place wirelessly via the air space 54 in between
  • in a second variant the light transmission takes place between the transmitter 52 and the receiver 53 via an optical fiber 54 (in FIG. 2 Both variants are symbolized by the arrow labeled 54).
  • a major advantage of optical signal transmission lies in its freedom from interference.
  • an inductive signal transmission would also be possible.
  • a guide rail 10 is attached to a first machine part 11 (this machine part 11 is only visible in FIG. 5).
  • the guide rail 10 is supported via a first guide surface 19 on a recirculating ball bearing 12 which is fastened to a second machine part 13.
  • the machine part 11 together with the guide rail 10 can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 10 in relation to the ball bearing 12.
  • the material measure 100 (only visible in FIG. 5) is attached to a second guide surface 99 of the guide rail 10, this second guide surface 99 not being supported on the recirculating ball bearing 12.
  • the measuring scale 100 can be read by the measuring head 14, this measuring head 14 being attached to the recirculating ball bearing 12 is.
  • the interaction of the measuring head 14 with the measuring body 100 takes place analogously to the interaction of the measuring head 50 with the measuring body 30 described above with reference to FIG. 2.
  • a second guide rail could also be used the same type as the guide rail 10, which would carry the measuring head 14 and would be attached to the machine part 13, the ball bearing 12 being arranged between the two guide rails.
  • the machine builder only needs to install the corresponding guide bodies 3 and 5 or 10 and 12 together with the measuring parts 50 and 30 or 100 and 14 mounted thereon, so that he only needs to provide the assembly points that match these guide bodies.
  • the correct position of the measuring parts relative to one another arises automatically and with the required accuracy.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Abstract

Le dispositif de guidage comprend des éléments de guidage (2, 3, 4, 5) juxtaposés et disposés par paires, un premier élément de ce type se présentant sous la forme d'un rail de guidage (2, 3) pour le deuxième élément (4, 5), ainsi qu'une installation de mesure (30, 50) avec deux éléments de mesure qui coopèrent pour déterminer le mouvement relatif des éléments de guidage. Un premier élément de mesure se présente sous la forme d'une échelle matérialisée (30) et est disposé sur le premier élément de guidage (3). Le deuxième élément de mesure se présente sous la forme d'une tête de mesure (50) et coopère avec l'échelle matérialisée (30). Le rail de guidage présente plusieurs surfaces de guidage, dont au moins une première surface (39) sert à soutenir le deuxième élément de guidage (5) et une deuxième surface (38) sert à recevoir l'échelle matérialisée (30). La tête de mesure (50) est disposée sur le deuxième élément de guidage (5). L'échelle matérialisée (30) peut être disposée directement sur la deuxième surface de guidage ou sur ou dans le matériau d'un support oblong lui-même disposé sur la deuxième surface de guidage. Le dispositif de guidage peut se présenter sous la forme d'un guidage monorail avec un rail de guidage, mais les deux éléments de guidage peuvent également former des rails de guidage juxtaposés. La transmission des signaux de la tête de mesure à un circuit de commutation peut s'effectuer par des moyens optiques.
EP19910907256 1990-04-25 1991-04-17 Dispositif de guidage avec installation de mesure Withdrawn EP0479974A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1394/90 1990-04-25
CH139490A CH686322A5 (de) 1990-04-25 1990-04-25 Fuehrungsvorrichtung mit Messeinrichtung.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0479974A1 true EP0479974A1 (fr) 1992-04-15

Family

ID=4209405

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910907256 Withdrawn EP0479974A1 (fr) 1990-04-25 1991-04-17 Dispositif de guidage avec installation de mesure

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0479974A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04506868A (fr)
CH (1) CH686322A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991016594A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010092359A1 (fr) 2009-02-16 2010-08-19 Renishaw Plc Elément d'échelle de codeur et procédé de montage

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DE4306951C2 (de) * 1993-03-05 2000-07-27 Balluff Gebhard Feinmech Wegmeßsystem
DE19713688B4 (de) * 1997-04-03 2009-07-30 Schaeffler Kg Wälzlager mit einer Wegmeßeinrichtung
DE19742081A1 (de) * 1997-09-24 1999-03-25 Schaeffler Waelzlager Ohg Linearlager mit einer Einrichtung zum Messen
DE19941587B4 (de) * 1999-09-01 2010-06-02 Schaeffler Kg Linearlager mit einer Einrichtung zum Messen
DE10214427B4 (de) * 2002-03-30 2015-03-12 Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh Längenmeßeinrichtung und Linearführungseinheit
JP4509483B2 (ja) * 2002-03-30 2010-07-21 ドクトル・ヨハネス・ハイデンハイン・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング リニアエンコーダ及びリニアガイドユニット
DE10243021A1 (de) * 2002-09-17 2004-03-25 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Führungsschiene eines Linearwälzlagers
DE20315507U1 (de) * 2003-10-06 2005-02-17 Schneeberger Holding Ag Führungskörper mit einer Massverkörperung und Massverkörperung eines Führungskörpers
DE102004027218A1 (de) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-29 Seeger Gmbh Meßeinrichtung mit Linearführung
DE102004043055B4 (de) * 2004-09-06 2009-04-02 Siemens Ag Führungsvorrichtung zur Führung eines bewegbaren Maschinenelementes einer Maschine
EP1742023A1 (fr) * 2005-07-06 2007-01-10 Schneeberger Holding AG Guidage linéaire avec appareil pour mesurer la position
EP1752851A1 (fr) 2005-08-12 2007-02-14 Schneeberger Holding AG Glissière linéaire avec des moyens de mesure
PL2010860T3 (pl) * 2006-04-06 2015-06-30 Hexagon Metrology Spa Współrzędnościowa maszyna pomiarowa
DE102008046740A1 (de) * 2008-09-11 2010-03-18 Schaeffler Kg Maßverkörperung in Profilschienenführung
CN103697843B (zh) * 2013-12-30 2016-05-25 中核建中核燃料元件有限公司 一种燃料组件可移动测量座
CN105150483A (zh) * 2015-08-24 2015-12-16 苏州骏发精密机械有限公司 一种简易量测治具
DE102018207638A1 (de) * 2018-05-16 2019-11-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Führungswagen für eine Linearbewegungsvorrichtung, eine Linearbewegungs-vorrichtung und ein Verfahren

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JPS60144601A (ja) * 1984-01-06 1985-07-31 Mitsutoyo Mfg Co Ltd 多次元測定機
JPS61105414A (ja) * 1984-10-29 1986-05-23 Mitsutoyo Mfg Co Ltd 三次元測定機
DE8506653U1 (de) * 1985-03-07 1985-05-15 Haimer, Franz, 8894 Igenhausen Zweikoordinaten-Längenmeßgerät

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010092359A1 (fr) 2009-02-16 2010-08-19 Renishaw Plc Elément d'échelle de codeur et procédé de montage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH686322A5 (de) 1996-02-29
WO1991016594A1 (fr) 1991-10-31
JPH04506868A (ja) 1992-11-26

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