EP0473518A1 - Selbstaufstellender Kran mit seitlich klappbarem Ausleger - Google Patents

Selbstaufstellender Kran mit seitlich klappbarem Ausleger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0473518A1
EP0473518A1 EP91420249A EP91420249A EP0473518A1 EP 0473518 A1 EP0473518 A1 EP 0473518A1 EP 91420249 A EP91420249 A EP 91420249A EP 91420249 A EP91420249 A EP 91420249A EP 0473518 A1 EP0473518 A1 EP 0473518A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mast
jib
boom
crane
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91420249A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0473518B1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Morizot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Original Assignee
Potain SA
Cadillon SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Potain SA, Cadillon SA filed Critical Potain SA
Publication of EP0473518A1 publication Critical patent/EP0473518A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0473518B1 publication Critical patent/EP0473518B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B66C23/348—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes the erection being operated by jacks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automated assembly crane, in particular a crane with a foldable or telescopic mast, provided with a jib articulated at the top of the mast and produced in two or more elements articulated to each other.
  • the "mounting" of the crane means its unfolding or deployment, from its transport position to its working position, the reverse operation of passing from the working position to the transport position being the folding.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a device which allows the folding of the boom of such a crane laterally along the mast, for transporting the crane.
  • the boom comprises elements hinged together so that after folding the mast on the chassis located at the base of the crane, the elements of this arrow horizontally frame the mast in the transport position.
  • This arrangement limits the overall height of the crane in the transport position, but on the other hand it results in oversizing the mast and jib elements which must take up torsional forces and moments resulting from the effects of overhangs created. by the horizontal deployment of the boom elements; it also requires having sufficient lateral space for unfolding and folding the boom, which is rarely the case on urban construction sites.
  • the folding arrows are equipped with various means making it possible to laterally fold their elements against each other, in order to obtain the most compact assembly possible in the transport position, without causing oversizing. mast and boom elements for their resistance to torsion, and without having to have a large lateral space to perform the unfolding and folding operations.
  • the latter type with many variants, is described for example in German patents No. 1,040,214 and No. 3,719,986, as well as in French patents No. 1,518,781 and No. 2,368,430.
  • the embodiments described in these patents require specific means, more or less complex and expensive, to perform the function of lateral folding of the boom elements against each other.
  • the boom has two elements and the lateral folding of the arrow tip against the boom foot is done manually and independently of the folding of the boom.
  • the folding is achieved while the "mast and folded boom" assembly is in the vertical position; to do this, the arrowhead is connected to the arrowhead by a double articulation, arranged at the connection between these two arrow elements, the articulation comprising a pivot axis for folding the arrow and an axis of pivoting perpendicular to the previous one and oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the jib foot for the folding of the jib tip against the jib foot.
  • This last pivot axis is completed by a removable locking pin, arranged in its extension; the locking of the spindle is controlled manually from the ground, by means of a cable, and it secures the end of the upper chord of the arrowhead with the upper chord of the jib foot.
  • the two jib elements being thus secured at their upper members, the lateral folding of the jib tip on the jib foot is carried out manually, by pivoting around the abovementioned longitudinal connecting axes.
  • German patent application No. 2,133,111 which corresponds to French patent No. 2,104,681.
  • the foot of the folding boom is articulated at the top of the mast in a fully offset position relative to the mast, and the axis of articulation of the boom on the mast is perpendicular to the direction of the arrow, so that the boom foot comes to fold directly on the side of the mast .
  • the point of the arrow is hinged at the foot of the arrow about an axis slightly spaced from the perpendicular to the direction of the arrow, so that, in the folded position, the two elements of the arrow are placed side by side, on the side of the mast.
  • This arrangement requires a special mount at the top of the mast, to the articulation of the arrow, hence a complication of the structure.
  • 2,133,111 also has the disadvantage of adding bending and twisting in the mast, due to the eccentricity of the stresses due to the lifted load, to the dead weights of the elements of the structure arranged above the mast and to the force in the tie, the stresses due to the load being variable in intensity and in position, according to the state of load of the crane.
  • the present invention remedies the drawbacks exposed above, by providing a device allowing direct lateral folding of the boom of an automated assembly crane of the type considered, by avoiding the drawbacks exposed previously, therefore by simplifying the construction and avoiding the bending and twisting effects in the mast.
  • a crane comprises a mast, in particular foldable or telescopic, carried by a rotating chassis, at the top of which is articulated in a centered position, around an axis situated in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the mast, a folding boom in two or more elements articulated to each other, and it further comprises a motorized device for unfolding / folding the assembly "mast and boom” and means for unfolding / folding the boom elements, the mast and the boom of the crane defining a vertical median plane in the deployed working position;
  • this crane is characterized in that the articulation axis of the boom at the top of the mast is inclined at an acute angle (A) relative to a direction perpendicular to the above-mentioned median vertical plane, while the axis (s) of articulation between the boom foot and the next boom element, and where appropriate between the successive boom elements, are inclined in the plane of the arrow at an acute angle (B) relative to a direction perpendicular to the vertical
  • the acute angle of inclination (B) of the or each axis of articulation between the successive jib elements is at least equal to half (A / 2) of the acute angle of inclination of the articulation axis of the boom at the top of the mast, and in the same direction as this angle (A), the angles of inclination (A and B) being defined as above.
  • the angle of inclination (B) of the articulation axis between the two boom elements is substantially equal to half (A / 2) of the angle of tilt of the articulation axis of the arrow at the top of the mast, so that the arrowhead, in the folded position, is positioned parallel to the mast.
  • the lateral faces of the mast determine the aforementioned median vertical plane, which is the plane of symmetry of these lateral faces, and the front and rear faces of this mast even directly determine the direction of reference with respect to which the angles of inclination (A and B) are defined. If the working position of the boom is horizontal, the longitudinal axis of the boom is perpendicular to the front and rear faces of such a mast, and the inclination of the articulation axes can also be defined by reference to this longitudinal axis .
  • An automated assembly crane is thus produced which, in the folded state, therefore in the transport position, occupies optimal space with the jib foot presenting itself obliquely and applied to the mast, while the jib tip is positioned laterally by compared to the mast.
  • This arrangement does not involve any oversizing because, in the working position, the unfolded boom and the mast are arranged in the same vertical plane as in a conventional crane.
  • the solution according to the present invention does not require any additional own means, complex and expensive, to perform the function of lateral folding of the boom; in fact, this drawdown is obtained by a simple modification of the orientation of two or more articulation axes, relative to the conventional arrangement of the same axes, which is easy to predict constructively, and the usual means of unfolding / folding of the boom make it possible to automatically obtain its lateral folding, without appreciable modification of these means and without the need for special maneuvers.
  • the means for unfolding / folding the jib tip can consist of a cable of constant length
  • the initial tension is adjustable, connecting the lower rear part of the arrowhead to the rear lower part of the upper mast, passing successively on a first pulley arranged inside the front part of the jib foot, on a second pulley arranged inside the rear part of the jib foot, then by forming hauling on a plurality of pulleys arranged along two parallel axes, the first carried by the rear part of an easel supporting the rear end of the jib foot and the second carried by the top of the upper mast, the inclined articulation axis of the arrow at the top of the mast being arranged on an easel.
  • a crane according to the invention may also comprise, in a conventional manner, a set of punches and tie rods supporting the various boom elements, a rear retaining tie rod
  • the crane shown schematically in the drawing comprises a fixed or rolling basic chassis 1, retractable, supporting by means of an orientation device 2 a rotating chassis 3 which carries a counterweight 4 at the rear and at the front which is articulated around a horizontal axis 5, a foldable mast 6 composed of a base mast 7 and an upper mast 8 connected to each other by articulation on their rear face about an axis horizontal 9; the base mast 7 and the upper mast 8 have, in the example considered, a substantially square section.
  • This crane is provided with a foldable / collapsible distributing jib 10, produced here in two elements designated respectively as jib foot 11 and jib tip 12.
  • the base mast 7 is motorized, for its mounting, that is to say its straightening, by means of a jack 13, 14 whose body 13 is connected by articulation around a horizontal axis 15 to a support 16 fixed at the rear of the rotating frame 3 and whose rod 14 is connected to the foot of the base mast 7 by articulation around a horizontal axis 17.
  • the upper mast 8 is connected to the rotating frame 3 by means of two straightening stays 18 arranged symmetrically on either side of the mast 6 and articulated respectively around a horizontal axis 19 at the base of the upper mast 8 and around a horizontal axis 20 on the support 16.
  • the upper mast 8 carries at its top a rear lifting punch 21 at the end of which a guide roller 22 is arranged.
  • the jib foot 11 is articulated at the top of the mast 6 around a horizontal axis 23 in the working position of the crane (FIG. 6), the axis 23 being disposed on an easel 24 projecting under the jib foot 11.
  • the easel 24 carries at its upper rear part a rear jib punch 25 which can be folded towards the 'front on the jib base 11, articulated around a horizontal axis 26; the base of the punch 25 has a protrusion 27 directed towards the rear, at the end of which a second guide roller 28 is arranged.
  • a tie rod 29 in two rigid parts 30, 31 hinged together at 32 connects the top 33 of the rear boom punch 25 to a joint 34 disposed on the upper chord 35 of the front part of the boom foot 11.
  • a third guide roller 36 is disposed on the upper chord 35.
  • the arrowhead 12 is articulated at the jib foot 11 about an axis 37, horizontal in the working position of the crane, disposed at the junction of the respective lower chords 38, 39 of the arrow elements 12, 11.
  • the arrow point 12 carries at its rear part a punch 40 whose base is articulated around the aforementioned axis 37 and which is foldable forward on said arrow point 12
  • a flexible tie of constant length 41 connects the apex 42 of the punch 40 to an articulation 43 disposed on the upper chord 44 of the front part of the arrowhead 12.
  • the respective vertices 33,42 of the punches 25,40 are connected to each other by a tie rod 45, produced in the form of a cable for example, while the vertex 33 of the rear arrow punch 25 is connected to the axis 20, located on the support 16 of the rotating chassis 3, by a rear tie rod 46 also achievable in cable, an intermediate point 47 of which is fixed to one end of a connecting rod 48 having its other end hinged at 49 on the rear face of base mast 7.
  • a cable 50 for unfolding / folding the boom 10 connects a point 51 of the lower rear part of the arrow tip 12 to a tensioning device 52 fixed to the rear lower part of the mast higher 8; the cable 50, of constant length, passes successively over a first pulley 53 disposed inside the front part of the jib foot 11, on a second pulley 54 disposed inside the rear part of the jib foot 11, then it forms, as shown in particular in Figure 9, a hauling 55 on a plurality of pulleys 56,57 respectively arranged along two parallel horizontal axes 58,59, the first 58 carried by the rear part of the bridge 24 and the second 59 carried by the top of the upper mast 8.
  • the articulation axis 23 of the jib foot 11 at the top of the mast is inclined at an acute angle A relative to the usual axis direction 60, perpendicular in the median vertical plane P of the crane in the deployed working position, the angle A being defined in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the mast 6.
  • the angle A is also that formed by the articulation axis 23 of the jib foot 11 with the planes P1 and P2 of the front and rear faces of the upper mast 8, while the lateral faces P3 and P4 of this mast 6 determine the direction of the plane vertical median P above.
  • the hinge pin 37 between the jib foot 11 and the jib tip 12 is inclined at an acute angle B relative to the usual axis direction 61, perpendicular to the median vertical plane P of the crane in the deployed working position.
  • the angle B has a value substantially equal to A / 2, and it has the same direction as the angle A in the plane of the arrow 10 when the latter is aligned.
  • the angles of inclination A and B are relatively small; advantageously, the value of the angle A (measured in radians and comparable to its tangent) is substantially equal to the ratio between the width of the upper mast 8 and the length of this upper mast 8, in the case of a foldable mast 6 of square section as taken here as an example.
  • the crane In the transport position, the crane is presented as shown in Figures 1 to 3.
  • the mast 6 is folded back on itself and lowered substantially horizontally.
  • the jib foot 11 is folded over the mast 6 and, seen from above ( Figure 3), it is oblique, that is to say with its axis longitudinal making an angle A with the longitudinal axis of the upper mast 8.
  • the arrowhead 12 is folded back under the arrowhead 11 and it is applied laterally against the upper mast 8.
  • the mast 6 In the working position, shown in Figure 6, the mast 6 is straightened and deployed in a vertical position, while the boom 10 is aligned in a horizontal position to ensure its function of distributing boom with a carriage not shown.
  • the assembly formed by the mast 6 and the boom 10 is arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical median plane P (see also Figure 4), as in a conventional crane.
  • the elongation of the actuator 13,14 is controlled by exiting its rod 14, in order to pivot the base mast 7 forwards around its articulation axis 5 on the rotating chassis 3 , while the upper mast 8 pivots rearwards, about its articulation axis 9 on the base mast 7, under the action of the dressing stays 18 which hold it. While this movement is taking place, the rear retaining rod 46 relaxes and, under the action of the dead weight of the arrow 10, the rear arrow punch 25 pivots forward around its axis of articulation 26 on the easel 24 of the jib foot 11.
  • the punch 40 pivots forward around its articulation axis 37 under the action of the dead weight of the jib tip 12, while this jib tip 12 gradually folds down.
  • the rear retaining cable 46 comes to bear progressively on the guide roller 22 of the rear lifting punch 21, then on the second guide roller 28 disposed on the protuberance 27 of the rear boom punch 25, such that the cable 46 is guided and that the efforts remain admissible.
  • the tie rod or cable 45 connecting the two punches 25, 40 comes to rest progressively on the third guide roller 36 disposed at the front end of the upper chord 35 of the jib foot 11.
  • the boom folding cable 50 When the arrowhead 12 is in a vertical position and its dead weight ceases to be driving, the boom folding cable 50, the initial tension of which has been adjusted by device 52, is kept in tension by calculating its path from point 51 to device 52 passing through intermediate pulleys 53,54,56,57 and thanks to its elasticity.
  • the boom folding cable 50 ensures continuity of movement until the boom is completely folded back.
  • the boom foot 11 and the arrowhead 12 is offset with respect to the mast 6 due to the inclination of their articulation axes 23, 37, so that the arrowhead 12 can cross the mast 6 without meeting it, as shown in the FIGS. 7 and 8 where the arrowhead appears as passing "in front" of the mast 6.
  • the crane At the end of the operation, the crane is in the transport position described above, with its arrow 10 folded laterally relative to the mast 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
EP91420249A 1990-07-31 1991-07-12 Selbstaufstellender Kran mit seitlich klappbarem Ausleger Expired - Lifetime EP0473518B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9010223 1990-07-31
FR9010223A FR2665429B1 (fr) 1990-07-31 1990-07-31 Grue a montage automatise, avec fleche repliable lateralement.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0473518A1 true EP0473518A1 (de) 1992-03-04
EP0473518B1 EP0473518B1 (de) 1994-06-29

Family

ID=9399591

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91420249A Expired - Lifetime EP0473518B1 (de) 1990-07-31 1991-07-12 Selbstaufstellender Kran mit seitlich klappbarem Ausleger

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0473518B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE107908T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69102688T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2055978T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2665429B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0685422A1 (de) * 1994-05-02 1995-12-06 LISSMAC Maschinenbau u. Diamantwerkzeuge GmbH Vorrichtung zum Aufrichten und Ausrichten eines Leichtkranes
EP0733583A1 (de) * 1995-03-21 1996-09-25 Potain Selbstaufstellender Kran mit seitlich klappbarem Ausleger
US6276541B1 (en) * 1999-02-26 2001-08-21 Potain Device for simultaneously unfolding or folding crane jib tip elements
EP3184481A1 (de) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-28 Manitowoc Crane Group France Turmkran mit automatischer ein- und ausklappfunktion, der einen mast und einen zum mast versetzten ausleger umfasst

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9218870U1 (de) 1991-10-02 1996-02-15 Potain, Ecully, Rhône Automatisch zusammenklappbarer Turmdrehkran
FR2682096B1 (fr) * 1991-10-02 1993-12-03 Potain Grue a tour repliable automatiquement.

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2133111A1 (de) * 1970-07-06 1972-01-13 Daniel Serieye Freistehender Kran
FR2368430A1 (fr) * 1976-10-22 1978-05-19 Pingon Manubat Sa Fleche repliable pour grues telescopiques
DE3028180A1 (de) * 1980-07-25 1981-10-15 Wilhelm 5020 Frechen König Vorrichtung zum aufrichten eines drehkrans

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2133111A1 (de) * 1970-07-06 1972-01-13 Daniel Serieye Freistehender Kran
FR2368430A1 (fr) * 1976-10-22 1978-05-19 Pingon Manubat Sa Fleche repliable pour grues telescopiques
DE3028180A1 (de) * 1980-07-25 1981-10-15 Wilhelm 5020 Frechen König Vorrichtung zum aufrichten eines drehkrans

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0685422A1 (de) * 1994-05-02 1995-12-06 LISSMAC Maschinenbau u. Diamantwerkzeuge GmbH Vorrichtung zum Aufrichten und Ausrichten eines Leichtkranes
EP0733583A1 (de) * 1995-03-21 1996-09-25 Potain Selbstaufstellender Kran mit seitlich klappbarem Ausleger
FR2731999A1 (fr) * 1995-03-21 1996-09-27 Potain Sa Grue a montage automatise avec fleche repliable lateralement
US6276541B1 (en) * 1999-02-26 2001-08-21 Potain Device for simultaneously unfolding or folding crane jib tip elements
EP3184481A1 (de) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-28 Manitowoc Crane Group France Turmkran mit automatischer ein- und ausklappfunktion, der einen mast und einen zum mast versetzten ausleger umfasst
FR3046149A1 (fr) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-30 Manitowoc Crane Group France Grue a tour a depliage et repliage automatiques et comprenant un mat et une fleche decalee par rapport au mat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE107908T1 (de) 1994-07-15
EP0473518B1 (de) 1994-06-29
FR2665429B1 (fr) 1992-10-02
DE69102688T2 (de) 1994-11-03
DE69102688D1 (de) 1994-08-04
ES2055978T3 (es) 1994-09-01
FR2665429A1 (fr) 1992-02-07

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