EP0464510B1 - Wand- bzw. Deckenelement für zu belüftende Räumlichkeiten - Google Patents

Wand- bzw. Deckenelement für zu belüftende Räumlichkeiten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0464510B1
EP0464510B1 EP91110242A EP91110242A EP0464510B1 EP 0464510 B1 EP0464510 B1 EP 0464510B1 EP 91110242 A EP91110242 A EP 91110242A EP 91110242 A EP91110242 A EP 91110242A EP 0464510 B1 EP0464510 B1 EP 0464510B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
layer
channel
profile
holes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91110242A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0464510A1 (de
Inventor
Norman Frick
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0464510A1 publication Critical patent/EP0464510A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • F24F13/068—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser formed as perforated walls, ceilings or floors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wall or ceiling element, in particular for stables, garages or the like. Premises to be ventilated, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a wall element has become known, for example, from DE-U-7435068.
  • This known wall element consists of four individual elements, namely a perforated layer, rectangular tubes acting as spacers and two further perforated layers arranged above them. This means that the installation of such a wall element requires a relatively large amount of space, because it is actually only intended as an intermediate element above which a further ventilation space must be provided. An insulation effect is not achieved.
  • a ceiling element is known from US Pat. No. 3,482,505 which serves to acoustically isolate an area underneath and at the same time causes its ventilation.
  • channel-shaped, upper elements are arranged on a lower, flat-shaped ceiling element. Perforations in the flat, lower ceiling element are provided in areas below the channels.
  • An air-impermeable, acoustic insulation layer is arranged above the lower ceiling element and above and between the channels.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a wall element of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be produced simply and cheaply and yet is easy to assemble and stable, the special conditions in certain rooms, in particular stables, which allow access and Removal of a fluid requires favorable configurations.
  • Such a wall or ceiling element has at least two layers, a first layer on the room side having rows of holes for supplying and discharging a fluid, while a second layer supports the first layer. At least a third can also easily be located between the two layers, as will be explained later. This ensures stability, so that vibrations cannot occur over the short distance, which only corresponds to the width of the channels. Installation during construction is also made easier, as these elements can be inserted directly into the formwork and thus adhere to the concrete. Of course, it is also possible to retrofit rooms with the elements according to the invention.
  • the second layer can also act as a spacer. Finally, however, the overall height required is also reduced, since the second layer is designed as an insulation layer.
  • the air gaps in a layer of wood wool serve as ventilation or ventilation channels, wherever harmful gases develop, such as in garages or stables, deposits can be formed from these gases in the channels, which practically no longer exists in the known designs are removable so that - for example in stables - pathogens or - pathogens can settle.
  • the element referred to as a wall element will preferably be used as a ceiling element.
  • a wall element 1 has a first layer 2 facing the room, for example in the form of a cement fiber board, into which rows 3 of holes 4 are made.
  • a second layer 5 in particular made of insulation material, such as plastic, preferably polystyrene, at most polyurethane foam, into which elongated channels 6 are incorporated.
  • the distance between the channels 6 is dimensioned such that they are aligned precisely with the rows 3 of the holes 4, as is illustrated by the hole axes indicated by dash-dotted lines. Accordingly, the channels 6 are formed in a straight line.
  • channels 6 in FIG. 1 are also shown with an approximately square or rectangular cross-section, they may also be rounded in a groove-like manner.
  • the rows 3, here formed by holes 4, can also be formed by longitudinal or transverse slots, depending on the desired use.
  • the wall element 1 can be equipped all around with a tongue 7 and groove 8 for connection to an adjacent wall element 101, but a connection described below is preferred. If desired, the room-side layer 102, as indicated in FIG. 1, can be provided with, for example, a protruding decoration, or can also be covered with air-permeable material.
  • the layers 2 and 5 are preferably connected by means of a C-profile which is formed from sections 9 which form the legs of the C and an intermediate part 10, although in itself also, possibly as an additional measure, the connection by gluing the two layers 2 and 5 can be made.
  • a C-profile which is formed from sections 9 which form the legs of the C and an intermediate part 10, although in itself also, possibly as an additional measure, the connection by gluing the two layers 2 and 5 can be made.
  • Such a C-profile may be sufficient along a room edge. But where it is to be used for connection to another wall element, another C-profile 9 ', 10' is required, in which case the two profiles 9,10 (or 10 ') and 9' together a double T Profile. To connect the channels 6 of the two adjacent wall elements, corresponding holes or openings aligned with the channels 6 could then be arranged in the intermediate section 10 or 10 '.
  • a C-profile 9, 10 or 9'10 ' is connected to a transverse channel 11 which serves as a collecting channel and which is designed as a box profile, ie square, in particular square.
  • the intermediate sections 10 and 10 ′ are each aligned with the channels 6, in particular — to avoid cross-sectional constrictions — with them at least flush (possibly also larger) openings 12.
  • these are Openings 12 are arranged approximately in the middle of the intermediate section 10 or 10 ', which has the advantage that the edge element 13 formed in this way is symmetrical and can thus be arranged in any direction, ie also reversed by 180 °, assembly errors being excluded with certainty.
  • the openings 12 have the same cross-section as the adjoining channels 6, i.e. for example square, square or semi-oval.
  • the width B of layer 5 or layer 5 including layer 2 below or above the channels 6 corresponds to the distance B between the openings 12 and the sections 9 and 9 '. Otherwise, one can either proceed as discussed with reference to FIG. 2, or the openings 12 are arranged off-center, in accordance with the desired layer thickness.
  • a third possibility would be to make the openings (for example also circular) larger than the cross-section of the channels 6, so that the connection is made even with different thicknesses. This possibility is of course limited by strength considerations, because the size of the openings 12 must not be so large that the element 13 then no longer has the required strength to be able to support the respective wall element 1 or 101.
  • the weights to be carried are not very high, which is why there is great constructive freedom in this regard.
  • the material for the C-profile or for the C-profiles forming the channel 11 can, for example, either be inexpensive plastic, or also steel (welded) or, for special architectural purposes, also wood.
  • edge elements 13 Due to the arrangement of the edge elements 13, a particularly good, low-loss and uniform supply or discharge of the respective fluid, ie mostly air, possibly also cleaning water, is possible or the like., Secured, since if the wall elements 1 were only arranged in a row, the channels 6 would be relatively long until they were connected to a supply or discharge unit (or the free), and accordingly the fluid or pressure losses would also be high. However, it goes without saying that - as shown - both edge elements 13 and tongue and groove connections 7, 8 can be used for connection to adjacent wall elements, it being preferred if the edge elements 13 are each transverse to the channels 6 extend, the tongue and groove connections 7,8 each parallel to these. It goes without saying that the channels 11 are connected either to the outside air or to a blower or another fluid supply or discharge device.
  • FIG. 1a shows the detail A of FIG. 1, an insulation layer 39 being arranged on the inside of the transverse channel 11 on the room side, by means of which the formation of condensed water is to be prevented.
  • a protective layer designed as a web 40 should be provided, this web either made of the same material as the profiles 9, 10 and 9 ', 10' and manufactured in one operation with these, or subsequently introduced together with the insulation layer 39 and can be tightly connected to the intermediate parts 10, 10 '.
  • the insulation layer 39 can be subsequently injected, pressed or foamed into the space defined by the web.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates how a wall element according to the invention can be installed in a wall construction and can be designed in the process.
  • the wall elements 1 and 201 connected by their edge elements 13 or corner elements 15, are inserted into the formwork, projecting sections 17 can serve as stops for reinforcing bars and for additional anchoring in the wall.
  • the concrete is poured in and elements 1 and 201 adhere to the concrete.
  • the ceiling 14 of a room, the insulation layer and the ventilation or ventilation layer are created in a single operation.
  • edge elements 13, and in this case also a corner element 15 similar to an edge element are each installed at intervals on the wall 14 which correspond to a standard size of the wall elements 1 and 201.
  • these distances are not very critical, because on the one hand the wall elements preferably consist of easy-to-work materials, such as fiber cement and plastic foam, and on the other hand they do not necessarily have to be glued together, at least before they are installed, so that they can easily be suspended individually can.
  • the outer C-profiles of the edge elements 13 and 15 can create a certain compensation for dimensional differences, as can be seen from the corner element 15 and the wall element 1 shown on the left.
  • This wall element 1 is dimensioned somewhat shorter and does not extend completely to the intermediate section 10 provided with a central opening 12 (see FIG. 1), as a result of which an air duct 16 remains between the element 1 and the intermediate section 10.
  • the edge elements 13 and 15 can thus act as tolerance compensation, which further simplifies manufacture and assembly.
  • wall element 201 On the basis of the edge element 13 two ways of dimensioning square openings 12, 12 'are illustrated, both of which are aligned with the channels 6, of which only the opening 12 is aligned with the channel 6, whereas the opening 12' forms a constriction.
  • wall element 201 still has a thin insulation layer as a vapor barrier above channel 6. This element is thus subdivided into four layers, namely the perforated layer 2, the layer 21 delimiting the channels 6, the vapor barrier layer 20 and a space insulation layer 22 lying above it.
  • the vapor barrier layer 20 mentioned can be of particular advantage in stables where ammonia vapors are usually entrained with the exhaust air. As is well known, this problem is particularly serious in chicken coops. But even in the case of garages, there is a risk of hydrocarbon vapors being carried away. Such dam vapors are prevented on the one hand by the vapor barrier 20 from penetrating into the overlying layer 22 and possibly destroying it. On the other hand, in stalls when such entrained components are deposited There is a risk that the deposits will serve as a breeding ground for bacteria and thus impair stall hygiene. This is also prevented by the layer 20, which thus forms a smooth, easy-to-clean channel boundary layer.
  • the holes 4 cooperate with the channels 6 in a particularly favorable manner.
  • the flow along the channels 6 and the transverse flow through the holes 4 results in a swirl that favors the deposition of entrained pollutants, precisely in the space between adjacent holes 4.
  • such a cleaning process can be carried out in a particularly simple manner in that the channels 6 are connected to a supply device for a cleaning liquid, generally only water. This can be done, for example, as indicated by the edge element 13.
  • the channel 11 is closed off by a rear transverse wall 25 which has two openings 26, 27. Behind this transverse wall 25 there is an adjusting slide 28 which has two openings 29, 30 at the same distance from one another as the openings 26, 27. Each of the openings 29, 30 of the slide 28 is connected to a different fluid connection, for example the opening 29 with a feed pump for a cleaning liquid, in particular water, the opening 30 with a suction or pressure blower.
  • the wall opening 26 is covered by the slide 28, and the openings 27 and 30 are aligned with one another, so that the ventilation can take place via the opening 30 by suction or blowing.
  • the slide opening 29 is closed in this position. If the slide is now pushed upwards by an opening pitch, its two connections are connected to the transverse channel 11. This position can be used, for example, to cover the bottom of the channels 6, 11 with water and to drive it through the holes 4 under air pressure, which can be particularly advantageous in an embodiment according to FIG. 3 described later.
  • the slide opening 29 is aligned with the wall opening 26, only cleaning fluid being able to be supplied to the channel system.
  • the openings on the intermediate section 10 for air ducts can be arranged higher than the water ducts, for example in the manner shown in the opening 12 of the corner element 15, while the extinguishing ducts have their opening 12 or 12 'in the manner as shown by element 13.
  • the ventilation can take place from a central point, but because of the pressure drop, particularly via the holes 4 of the layer 2, it is advantageous if a plurality of edge elements 13 and 15 are connected to ventilation connections. Otherwise, however, there is the connection of the channel 6 of the vertical wall element 1 shown in FIG. 2 on the right only via the transverse channel 11 'of the corner element 15, its lateral opening 12, the channel section 16 and the channels 6 of the ceiling element 1 to the ventilation opening 30.
  • a configuration according to FIG. 3 can be selected, at least some of the holes accommodating 4 valve inserts 33.
  • Each valve insert 33 has a widened edge 34 in order to sit firmly and securely in the associated hole 4.
  • Downward is a nozzle opening 35, in the area of which the mouth of an injector tube 36 is arranged.
  • This injector tube 36 projects within the channel 6 to a level in which there is an empty air space when water is supplied, i.e. it rises above the normal and expected water level.
  • the injector tube is held within the nozzle 33 by means of a spoke ring 37, which is, for example, only firmly connected to the tube 36. If now, for example by a position of the slide 28 (Fig.2), in which its two openings 29 and 30 are aligned with the wall openings 26 and 27, both water and air are supplied, the water penetrates into the nozzles 33 and becomes over the injector tubes 36 evenly sprayed down. If desired, it is possible to exclude some of the holes 4 from this function by installing a barrier 38 around them, for example made of foamed plastic, so that only air can pass through these holes. This arrangement can also be used in stalls for spraying or gasifying disinfectants or the like. be of interest.
  • the thickness of the layer 5 can at most be selected differently.
  • these contradicting requirements can be relatively easily reduced to a common denominator with the present construction, since either will, in the case of a thinner one Layer 5, the remaining space of the C-profile 9, 10 is filled with clamping material, or the section of the edge element that is not required is filled with concrete to the required depth to improve the anchoring.
  • the anchoring can also be done by recessed in the wall 14 hooks which engage in the upper sections 9.9 'of the C-profiles. This variant will be chosen especially for brick walls, wooden walls, etc.
  • the described channel system 6, 11 with the holes 4 and the openings 12 can, if desired, be used to supply and evenly distribute heat.
  • a single row of holes 3 may be sufficient for some purposes.
  • the C-profile 9, 10 or 9 ', 10' can be rounded like a claw in order to bite into the layer 5, the main thing nevertheless being that the sections 9 and 9 'are parallel.
  • connection opening does not in principle need to be assigned to each channel 6. If one looks at FIG. 2 and the channel 16 shown there, it is easy to understand that a few openings 12 can also be connected to all channels 6 via such a channel 16, or that a number of channels 6 can be obtained by cutting out layer 5 accordingly may be connected in a serpentine manner, if this will not generally be preferred because of the pressure loss involved. Of course, it would also be possible to mill channels 6 up to one edge of the respective wall element from layer 5 and to leave an end wall on the other edge.
  • the duct system does not necessarily have to be associated with forced circulation of the air via a fan, because mere convection can be sufficient for some applications.
  • the vapor barrier layer 20 As far as the vapor barrier layer 20 is concerned, it is well known in construction engineering how such a layer is to be formed. In general, a moisture-proof film such as a plastic film or a metal film is used for this.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
EP91110242A 1990-06-22 1991-06-21 Wand- bzw. Deckenelement für zu belüftende Räumlichkeiten Expired - Lifetime EP0464510B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2085/90A CH681032A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-06-22 1990-06-22
CH2085/90 1990-06-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0464510A1 EP0464510A1 (de) 1992-01-08
EP0464510B1 true EP0464510B1 (de) 1995-01-18

Family

ID=4225550

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91110242A Expired - Lifetime EP0464510B1 (de) 1990-06-22 1991-06-21 Wand- bzw. Deckenelement für zu belüftende Räumlichkeiten

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0464510B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE117424T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH681032A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE59104296D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH296295A (de) * 1953-10-05 1954-02-15 Gartenmann & Cie Ag C Bauplatte mit Ventilationslöchern.
US3482505A (en) * 1968-04-10 1969-12-09 Robertson Co H H Air distributing acoustical ceiling units and insulating batts therefor
US4492064A (en) * 1981-12-11 1985-01-08 The B. F. Goodrich Company Insulated roof construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0464510A1 (de) 1992-01-08
ATE117424T1 (de) 1995-02-15
DE59104296D1 (de) 1995-03-02
CH681032A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-12-31

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