EP0461005B1 - Sous-marin convertible à coque résistante - Google Patents

Sous-marin convertible à coque résistante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0461005B1
EP0461005B1 EP91401392A EP91401392A EP0461005B1 EP 0461005 B1 EP0461005 B1 EP 0461005B1 EP 91401392 A EP91401392 A EP 91401392A EP 91401392 A EP91401392 A EP 91401392A EP 0461005 B1 EP0461005 B1 EP 0461005B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diesel
section
submarine
compartment
aft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91401392A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0461005A1 (fr
Inventor
François Tandeo
Jean-Alain Le Tallec
Jean Gaillard
Gérard Boisrayon
Edouard Fontaine
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DCN SA
Original Assignee
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Etat Francais
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Publication of EP0461005A1 publication Critical patent/EP0461005A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/08—Propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of submarines, and more particularly the organization of their architecture.
  • a resistant hull submarine will be understood to mean any submarine having a hull designed to withstand the external immersion pressure, and to allow an atmosphere to be maintained inside which is suitable both for the operation of the equipment and for the life of the crew.
  • An anaerobic source of energy will also be understood to mean an energy source which does not require the supply of atmospheric air outside the submarine.
  • Submarines associated with an aerobic energy production method generally comprises, like that described in patent GB-A-7794, batteries and diesel generators located in a rear section delimited by a resistant hull and two transverse walls. They currently have a lifespan of thirty years, and they maintain, in principle, their technical capacities during this period if they are properly designed, built and maintained.
  • transformations are essentially aimed at improving the detection capabilities of the submarine, as well as its weapons (torpedoes, mines), its tactical aids, its means of transmission and its navigation instruments. Therefore, such transformations simply consist in replacing simple materials by other materials of equivalent volume, in the submarine range, the central operations navigation post, the weapons station, the forward structure of the submarine, and the technical premises concerned.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a convertible submarine architecture with a resistant hull, aiming to allow a transformation of the submarines in the best possible conditions, so as to be able to pass, in a fully operational manner, from a version of origin with conventional propulsion to an improved version of anaerobic type, with an anaerobic source of energy (nuclear or other type), and a battery whose size can be advantageously reduced compared to the original version.
  • the object of the invention is also to design a convertible submarine capable of being transformed during its life to acquire, under acceptable financial conditions and without prejudice to its other capacities, an important advantage in terms of its characteristics. distance that can be crossed, autonomy underwater and maximum speed, with a substantial reduction in its indiscretion for the needs of navigation in periscopic immersion, which thus significantly increases the capacity of the submarine to deploy and carry out a decisive attack.
  • Another object of the invention is to design a convertible submarine whose structure allows both to retain its technical capabilities other than those that the transformation aims to improve, with in particular compliance with the different conditions of balance of the sub -sea, as well as maintaining the security and military qualities of the said submarine, and also to limit the work to the replacement of the equipment directly concerned, therefore without causing additional work on the equipment and installations not concerned by the transformation.
  • the rear section comprises a lower compartment in which are housed batteries arranged between two lateral diesel tanks as well as a provisional ballast, and an upper compartment in which are housed two diesel-generators resting on a support partition as well as associated electrical equipment, said compartments being convertible, by removing said support partition and by adding an intermediate transverse partition, into a front compartment making it possible to house an electro-nuclear battery block, and a rear compartment making it possible to house on the one hand a turbo-generator and a condenser associated with said battery, and on the other hand a backup diesel-generator, a modified mass balance ballast being furthermore arranged in one and / or the other of said front and rear compartments .
  • the front transverse partition of the rear section defines, with another transverse partition external to the rear section, an additional compartment adjacent to said section, said additional compartment serving as a diesel bunker and making it possible, after transformation, to radiological protection of the fore area of said submarine.
  • the front transverse partition of the rear section relates to the entire interior section of the resistant shell, while the rear partition of said section relates at least to the lower compartment, said rear partition being able to be supplemented if necessary to delimit the rear compartment after conversion.
  • the convertible submarine comprises a diesel exhaust circuit arranged in superstructures outside the resistant hull, said circuit having a rear exhaust part, and a front exhaust part opening out at the level of the massive of said submarine, said circuit being transformable within the framework of the internal substitution so as to comprise only a simplified circuit associated with the diesel-backup generator.
  • the convertible submarine comprises, in its cockpit, a console for driving the diesel-generators, said console being replaceable in the context of internal substitution by another console for driving the diesel-generator backup and of the nuclear power cell.
  • the rear section has a logistic panel at the level of the resistant hull, making it possible to disembark the initial installations and to embark the replacement as part of internal substitution.
  • the logistics panel is provided in the upper part of the rear section, and in the vicinity of the transverse partition before delimiting said section; in particular, the logistics panel is provided between the front transverse partition and the intermediate transverse partition added as part of the internal substitution.
  • the interior of the rear section is accessible for the internal substitution of the installations by transverse cutting of the resistant shell, said cutting being carried out between the transverse partitions which delimit it, or beyond one or the other. of said transverse partitions but in the vicinity of the transverse partition concerned.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 illustrate a convertible submarine 100 according to the invention.
  • This submarine comprises a certain number of organs and equipment which are well known, and which will be briefly recalled below.
  • the submarine 100 comprises a resistant hull 101, and a hull 102 surmounted by a massif 103.
  • the resistant hull has a certain number of accesses 104 in the upper part thereof.
  • On the front part of the submarine there is a set of torpedo tubes 105 with their pneumatic repressor 106, a set of six tubes being provided here.
  • An opening 116 is provided for boarding the arms inside the resistant hull 101.
  • ballasts are provided: in the front part, there is a ballast 110, and two lateral half-ballasts 111, and in the rear part of said submarine, ballasts 112. are also distinguished. There is also provided a front trim box 113 and a rear trim box 114, arranged inside the resistant shell 101.
  • the interior of the resistant shell 101 of the sub- Marin 100 is subdivided into a number of compartments, here divided into two levels with respect to the axis 500 of the submarine.
  • compartment 200 in which the front batteries are housed, surmounted by a compartment 201 reserved for weapons. Behind this compartment, there is a technical room 202, and a compartment 205 intended to house the front auxiliaries, and in particular adjustment and compensation boxes. Further back, there is a compartment 206 reserved for accommodation, and compartments 207 and 208 serving as utility rooms. Above compartments 202, 205, 206, 207, 208, there is the operations navigation operator station 203, then, behind it, a compartment 209 reserved for other accommodation. In the rear part of the submarine, there is a compartment 220, often called the propulsion compartment, in which the electric propulsion motor is arranged, as well as the associated elastic coupling and the stop (these members are not shown here).
  • a compartment 220 often called the propulsion compartment, in which the electric propulsion motor is arranged, as well as the associated elastic coupling and the stop (these members are not shown here).
  • the convertible submarine 100 comprises a rear section T delimited by the resistant hull 101 and by two transverse partitions 216, 217, in which production and storage installations are grouped of electrical energy using batteries and diesel generators, said unit being convertible to convert the submarine to the use of an anaerobic source of energy, in particular of the nuclear type, by replacing said installations with installations adapted to said energy source while retaining said resistant shell and said partitions, without this internal substitution causing a modification of the weight and the mass centering of the rear section T.
  • compartment 210 serving to house the rear batteries
  • compartment 211 reserved for the rear auxiliaries, these two compartments possibly being separated by a transverse partition 218.
  • the compartments 210 and 211 are delimited above by a support partition 215 (often called "parquet" by specialists), delimiting, in the upper part of the rear section T, a compartment 213 serving to house the diesel-generators, and a compartment 214 serving electrical room to receive the associated electrical equipment, these two compartments possibly being separated by a transverse partition 219.
  • the compartments 210, 211, 213, 214 mentioned above thus relate to the installations for the production and storage of electrical energy, and these installations have been voluntarily grouped in the rear section T, and are likely to be re landed during the transformation of the aft section T to convert the submarine to the use of an anaerobic source of energy, in particular of the nuclear type.
  • the presence of another transverse partition 221 external to the rear section T which defines, with the front transverse partition 217 of said section, an additional compartment 212 adjacent, said additional compartment serving as a diesel bunker.
  • this additional compartment also makes it possible to ensure, after transformation, radiological protection of the fore zone of the submarine, complementing the other radiological protection provisions provided for elsewhere (not described here).
  • the convertible submarine is thus voluntarily designed from the start to be transformed, by internal substitution of the facilities grouped in the aft section T.
  • the areas of the submarine affected by such a transformation are hatched in Figures 1 and 2: it is easy to note that the aft section T constitutes by far the largest part of the transformed areas of the submarine, the other areas concerned being on the one hand the area of the control console 204 of the cockpit navigation operations 203, and on the other hand, zone 222 of the exhaust circuit of the diesel-generators has superstructures outside the resistant shell 101.
  • the aft section T of the submarine thus constitutes a real module which can be transformed by internal substitution. Indeed, if we now consider Figures 3 and 4, we see that the compartmentalisation of the rear section has been modified, in order to be adapted to receive the installations associated with an anaerobic source of energy, in particular of the type nuclear, the rest of the submarine's structure remaining practically unchanged. It can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4 that the rear edge T no longer includes the support partition 215; this rear section may optionally include the transverse partitions 218 and / or 219.
  • transverse partitions 216 and 217 which delimit the rear section T are retained, and an intermediate transverse partition 231 has been added, so that there is now a front compartment 232 making it possible to house an electronuclear battery block, and a rear compartment 233 making it possible to house on the one hand a turbo-generator and a condenser associated with said battery, and on the other hand a backup diesel-generator, as well as the rear auxiliaries.
  • the only areas affected by the transformation are limited to area 234 of the exhaust system, now associated with the only diesel-backup generator, and to area 235 of the control console located in the substation. of conduct navigation operations 203.
  • installations likely to be replaced are grouped into a specific, well-defined part, which is the rear section T, as stripped as possible of the other functions not concerned by the transformation.
  • the necessary circulation between the rear and the front of this rear section must be grouped in well-defined corridors, and precise interfaces must be established for the installations likely to be transformed, for all direct functional links (energy, refrigeration , etc ...) or indirect (surveillance and security of the area, transmissions, lighting, ventilation, etc ...), as well as for the characteristics integrated in the balances and general balance sheets of the submarine, i.e. - essentially say with regard to the mass and center of gravity (with variations during the patrol), but also with regard to the consumption and manpower required for implementation.
  • the new on-board installations must comply with the same interface conditions as the installations they replace, as well as of course the general technical regulations adopted for the design of the submarine. It is therefore important that the common interfaces between the two successive generations of installations on the one hand and the rest of the submarine on the other hand encompass the strict needs of the two generations, and it will be necessary to endeavor that these needs do not differ not too much.
  • the parts affected by the transformation are essentially those which relate to the rear section T.
  • the hull section defining the rear section T is located at the rear quarter of the submarine, between the pair C20 and the partition C39, that is to say substantially between the aforementioned partitions 216 and 217. This corresponds to a length of about 12 meters for a coastal submarine of about sixty meters in length, with a diameter of approximately 6.2 meters at the level of the shell plating on its front part, the rear part being slightly frustoconical.
  • a hull passage or logistics panel panel 320 in FIG. 7
  • the upper part of the section as well as the hull are designed to allow the installation of such a hull passage of about 2.5 meters in diameter, this arrangement can be anticipated as soon as the submarine is built, without however, this is essential.
  • the planes S1 and S2 correspond to a cutting made between the transverse partitions 216 and 217 delimiting the rear edge T, while the planes S3 and S4 relate to a cut made beyond said transverse partitions, but in the vicinity of the partition concerned.
  • Such a method has the advantage of being able to land equipment in the area in blocks, then board a support cradle for new installations (with the exception of the nuclear cell) equipped and tested, and to easily carry out additional structural and installation work. It then suffices to close the shell according to the usual methods of construction, and to restore the longitudinal connections of pipes and cables. It goes without saying that this method will be all the more easily conceivable as the original design will have provided from the start for a transverse cutting of the resistant shell.
  • this mode of transformation remains an internal substitution mode, unlike the addition of an additional section, which would notably have the following drawbacks: modification of the general characteristics of the submarine, difficulty in optimizing the transformed submarine which would then appear as a hybrid product, difficulty, even impossibility, to add a nuclear unit (in particular for reasons of weight).
  • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the system of production and storage of electrical energy, respectively in the original version and in the transformed version of the submarine, the transformation of the aft section T according to the principle of an internal substitution allowing to pass operationally from the first to the second version.
  • a propulsion engine 300 connected to a cabinet 301 of propulsion equipment, this cabinet being connected to the front batteries 304 and rear 305, with in addition a connection to the two diesel-generator groups 302 and 303.
  • the transformation to be carried out consists in replacing the system for producing and storing electrical energy represented in the diagram of FIG. 5 by that represented in the diagram of FIG. 6.
  • FIGS 7 to 10 make it easier to distinguish the original installations from the transformable rear section T.
  • a rear battery 305 with, below it, a provisional ballast 310.
  • This provisional rear ballast 310 is provided to take into account the weight of the modified installations which must subsequently be loaded after landing of the original installations.
  • the ballast for example produced in the form of lead bars, is preferably placed under the rear battery group 305, but it goes without saying that it could be organized and distributed differently, provided however that the conditions of weight and mass centering of the rear edge.
  • the upper compartment 213 there are two diesel generators 302 and 303, as well as a set of electrical cabinets 309, these materials resting on the support partition 215 by means of elastic studs 327 to ensure better acoustic discretion .
  • the convertible submarine 100 also includes an exhaust circuit 315 of the diesel-generators arranged in superstructures at the exterior of the resistant shell 101, said circuit having a first part 316, from which diverge, from a connection point 319, a rear exhaust part 317 (intended for the exhaust of burnt gas from the diesels when the submarine is on the surface), and a portion 318 of front exhaust opening at the level of the massif 103 of said submarine:
  • this exhaust circuit designed with two branches for the two diesel-generators, is designed to be convertible into the framework of internal substitution to include only a simplified circuit with a single branch associated with the diesel-generator backup.
  • the submarine also includes, in its operator station 203, a operator console 314 of the diesel generators 302 and 303: this operator console is also replaceable (in whole or in part) as part of the internal substitution by another operator console. operation of the emergency diesel-generator and the nuclear power cell.
  • FIG. 8 corresponding to the upper compartment 213, makes it possible to better distinguish the two diesel generators 302 and 303, as well as the set of electrical cabinets 309.
  • the section also makes it possible to distinguish a passage 212 'in the compartment 212 serving as diesel bunker, said compartment being delimited by the transverse partitions 217 and 221.
  • the section in FIG. 9 corresponds to the lower compartment 210, and it is thus possible to distinguish the group of rear batteries 305 arranged between two lateral diesel holds 311 and 312.
  • the section in FIG. 10 shows these various installations, as well as connections (electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) 313 connecting the front and the rear of the submarine.
  • the diesel side tanks 311 and 312 can be disembarked in the modified version of the convertible submarine, taking into account the reserves that exist elsewhere, since, in this version, the diesel is only used for emergency propulsion in combination with the diesel-backup generator 308. However, the balance of the submarine must be restored, which requires landing part of the ballast given the weight of the nuclear battery later on board.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates the landing of the original installations housed in the rear section T, once the logistics panel 320 of the resistant hull has been dismantled. A hull opening 321 is then defined, by which it is possible to disembark the installations concerned.
  • This is how the rear section T is emptied of its equipment, including the two diesel generators 302 and 303, the set of electrical cabinets 309, the provisional ballast 310, the diesel side tanks 311 and 312, and the rear batteries 305.
  • the support partition 215 is also disembarked, as well as the zone equipment (not shown here) concerning lighting, water and fire detections, zone drying, maintenance transmissions, etc.
  • the operator's console of the two diesel-generators located in the operator's station of the submarine, is disembarked: this is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 11 by disembarking the electric drawers 322 from the operator's console 314. even of the exhaust circuit of the two diesels, of which the transformed part is landed.
  • the diesel side tanks are deleted, as well as the upper bulkhead of the rear battery, as mentioned above.
  • the submarine is then in the situation represented in FIG. 12, with a rear section T between the partitions 216 and 217 which is entirely empty, with the exception of course of the unchanged links which pass through it (not shown here), associated with the circuits of the plate boxes, electrical connections, pressurized oil, pressurized air, water, etc., which connect the extreme stern to the rest of the submarine (connections 313 on the section of figure 10). It is therefore important to note that the partitions 216 and 217 delimiting the rear edge T are not affected by the transformation.
  • the intermediate transverse partition 231 is mounted, which is the rear partition of the nuclear battery compartment.
  • Figure 14 illustrates the embarkation of the equipment of the rear section.
  • the hull opening 321 is again used to carry these materials, and in particular a modified ballast of mass balance 324, the backup diesel-generator 308, the turbo-generator 307 and a condenser 323 associated with the nuclear power cell 306 , as well as associated electrical equipment and equipment for regenerating the atmosphere generally referenced 326.
  • a removable panel (not referenced here) is provided in this partition.
  • the on-board logistics stock is then adapted to the new definition. It is then possible to carry out tests, which completes the transformation work on the convertible submarine.
  • the submarine is then in the configuration illustrated in Figures 15 and 16.
  • FIG. 15 a distinction is made between the modified balancing ballast 324, the condenser 323, the turbo-generator 307, and the aforementioned additional equipment 326, arranged in the rear compartment 233, and on the other hand the nuclear power unit block. 306 disposed in the front compartment 232, which front compartment is closed by reassembly of the logistics panel 320.
  • FIG. 16 a distinction is made in the rear compartment 233, the standby diesel-generator 308, the turbo-generator 307, and the additional equipment 326.
  • This figure also makes it possible to distinguish, in the front compartment 232, the extension 212 '' from the passage 212 'provided in compartment 212, this extension 212''being isolated from the nuclear stack by a partition 212''' .
  • the civil standards of radiological protection for the front zone are easily respected thanks to, among other things, the diesel bunker predisposed at the front of the nuclear cell, that is to say compartment 212, said compartment remaining unchanged during processing: radiological protection is in fact given by the diesel fuel itself, or by replacement seawater when the diesel fuel is consumed.
  • the longitudinal balance of the masses is achieved thanks to the original architecture of the submarine, which provides for an identical slice weight in the two successive versions.
  • the general characteristics of the submarine are unchanged.
  • the submarine thus acquired a very important anaerobic capacity and mobility, without losing on its other capacities, nor modifying its other functions. In particular its piloting conditions remain unchanged because the shape and the stability of the submarine are not modified.
  • the targeted improvements relate to the ability to hold underwater for a long time, at as high a speed as possible. These improvements therefore relate to the different capacities of the submarine, including the part of the patrol that the submarine can carry out with its anaerobic capacity, the maximum discreet stay underwater, the distance that can be crossed underwater, the discreet transit speed, the ability to sustain a high hunting speed underwater, and the total distance that can be crossed while on patrol.
  • the concept of convertibility also makes it possible to preserve the technical capacities of the submarine, having regard to the respect of the general balance of the submarine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
EP91401392A 1990-06-08 1991-05-30 Sous-marin convertible à coque résistante Expired - Lifetime EP0461005B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9007124A FR2662991B1 (fr) 1990-06-08 1990-06-08 Sous-marin convertible a coque resistante.
FR9007124 1990-06-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0461005A1 EP0461005A1 (fr) 1991-12-11
EP0461005B1 true EP0461005B1 (fr) 1994-11-30

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EP91401392A Expired - Lifetime EP0461005B1 (fr) 1990-06-08 1991-05-30 Sous-marin convertible à coque résistante

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US (1) US5165359A (pt)
EP (1) EP0461005B1 (pt)
JP (1) JPH05139376A (pt)
KR (1) KR920000574A (pt)
BR (1) BR9102374A (pt)
CA (1) CA2044114C (pt)
DE (1) DE69105362T2 (pt)
ES (1) ES2067884T3 (pt)
FR (1) FR2662991B1 (pt)

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JP6892778B2 (ja) * 2017-04-11 2021-06-23 三菱重工業株式会社 船舶及び船舶の製造方法
RU2654291C1 (ru) * 2017-07-26 2018-05-17 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-исследовательский институт природных газов и газовых технологий - Газпром ВНИИГАЗ" Подводная атомная газоперекачивающая станция
JP2022038292A (ja) * 2020-08-26 2022-03-10 本郷飛行機株式会社 移動体
CN114872870B (zh) * 2022-03-22 2024-04-26 重庆大学 一种用于auv的自锁式重心调节机构

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4201801A1 (fr) * 2021-12-23 2023-06-28 NAVAL Group Entrepôt de stockage et de manutention par exemple d armes dans un navire et navire comportant un tel entrepôt
FR3131267A1 (fr) * 2021-12-23 2023-06-30 Naval Group Entrepot de stockage et de manutention par exemple d armes dans un navire et navire comportant un tel entrepot.

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CA2044114A1 (fr) 1991-12-09
BR9102374A (pt) 1992-01-14
DE69105362T2 (de) 1995-05-04
KR920000574A (ko) 1992-01-29
US5165359A (en) 1992-11-24
CA2044114C (fr) 1999-05-11
FR2662991A1 (fr) 1991-12-13
DE69105362D1 (de) 1995-01-12
EP0461005A1 (fr) 1991-12-11
JPH05139376A (ja) 1993-06-08
FR2662991B1 (fr) 1995-06-02
ES2067884T3 (es) 1995-04-01

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