EP0457659B1 - Method and apparatus for splitting quartered logs of wood to form barrel stares - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for splitting quartered logs of wood to form barrel stares Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0457659B1 EP0457659B1 EP91401226A EP91401226A EP0457659B1 EP 0457659 B1 EP0457659 B1 EP 0457659B1 EP 91401226 A EP91401226 A EP 91401226A EP 91401226 A EP91401226 A EP 91401226A EP 0457659 B1 EP0457659 B1 EP 0457659B1
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- Prior art keywords
- wood
- splitting
- block
- cut
- thickness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27H—BENDING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COOPERAGE; MAKING WHEELS FROM WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
- B27H3/00—Manufacture of constructional elements of tubes, coops, or barrels
- B27H3/02—Manufacture of barrel staves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of splitting wooden quarters for obtaining staves or boards split in the direction of the medullary rays which radially pass through the sapwood of these quarters, these staves being used for the manufacture of staves or staves for the making of barrels, barrels or casks. More particularly, it relates to such a splitting process which makes it possible to obtain, in a single pass of a splitting and spreading tool subjected to a continuous thrust by pressure and without striking or percussion, staves of the same thickness determined or chosen in respecting the grain of the wood used, that is to say, the direction of its fibers.
- the present invention relates to a machine for splitting wood quarters, implementing this method, and designed to carry out the splitting operation to the desired thickness of stave while each quarter of wood to be cut is supported and maintained. by having its longitudinal upper face in a horizontal position.
- each log is first split into four or six quarters, using a tool split acting like an ax, while it is held in an upright position.
- Each quarter obtained is then taken up to be split by one of its ends, by means of a cleaver in the form of a wedge subjected to the sudden push of a jack developing a compressive force of twelve to fifteen tonnes, to achieve split boards with a thickness significantly greater than twice that chosen for each stave.
- the wedge does not act as a spacer between the layers of wood fibers but that its action rather causes the splitting of the wood without taking into account its grain. Consequently, the boards obtained in irregular double thickness must be passed through a planer to equalize them to a determined thickness and, then, the splitting is done with the band saw, so that the wood grain may be cut by places.
- the aim of the splitting of quarters of wood according to the present invention is to eliminate the major part of the drawbacks presented by the technique currently known and, in particular to allow obtaining staves in a single splitting pass, these staves being cut from a quarter of wood according to a thickness of staves chosen by respecting the grain of the wood and requiring no planing of extra thickness or duplication with the band saw so that all the staves obtained are usable without loss of wood and show an improvement in the quality required for the manufacture of staves or staves.
- This process uses the free pivoting in both directions of each tool around its longitudinal axis, only after the splitting operation has started to allow the front edge of each of the two tools to follow the grain of the wood. , that is to say the same direction as the fibers thereof, without cutting them, starting respectively from each of the ends of the quarter towards its middle part and causing the progressive separation and without splitting of the wood of the first stave split with respect to the remaining part of the quarter from which will be cut, in its lower longitudinal face, a second stave of the same thickness after turning it upside down from this remaining part so that this lower face becomes the upper face and thus continuation for the successive obtaining of staves until exhaustion of the quarter of wood.
- this splitting process uses two splitting tools moving towards each other during splitting, each of these tools being constituted by a wedge-shaped piece projecting in width from that of the longitudinal face of the quarter from which each stave will be cut, the front corner part of this part having, on each upper and lower face, a continuous slope from the front edge to a median part which is curved and, then , a flat and substantially horizontal rear part which constitutes the heel part of the tool, which is of narrowed width with respect to the front part which acts as a cleaver for progressive penetration into the wood without cutting the fibers thereof but by spreading the layers of these fibers in the direction of the medullary rays crossing radially the sapwood sector, while the rear part having its two upper and lower faces parallel parallel will serve the spacing obtained by the middle part whose thickness is less than twice that of the stave, this curved middle part tending to cause the continuous separation and without splitting of the wood from the stave cut from the quarter of wood, then the final separation of this stave.
- This splitting process is implemented by means of a machine which is remarkable in that it comprises: an easel or cradle for resting the quarter of wood to be split, located in the middle part of a support frame and suitable for lifting this quarter and supporting it in the substantially horizontal lying position by centering it in the longitudinal axis of this support frame; two movable jaws along this longitudinal axis, disposed transversely to the latter to trap the quarter of wood by its longitudinal ends, each being mounted on a support movable longitudinally to the frame in order to pivot freely in one direction or the other when it is in the clamping position on the corresponding longitudinal end of the quarter of wood; a thickness guide for each of the staves to be cut by splitting, mounted in an adjustable and movable manner above each of the jaws and in front overhang relative to the front edge or respective jaws thereof, in order to constitute a transverse stop bar for the upper longitudinal face of the quarter of wood and to calibrate the chosen thickness of the stave to be cut while forcing the jaw which carries this transverse stop bar to orient itself
- Each splitting tool is also adapted to serve as a guide cam at one end of each of two lateral levers connected, by their other end, to the corresponding thickness guide and in order to control the recoil of the latter when the tool is advanced to start the splitting operation and thus release the transverse stop bar from its contact with the longitudinal face of the quarter of the timber below the corresponding end thereof, the arrangement being such that, during the backward reversal of the splitting tool after delivery of a stave, the transverse stop bar is driven to its initial position to serve as support for the new face of the remaining part of the quarter of wood to be cut.
- the transverse stop bar in each thickness guide, is designed to be adjusted in height relative to the front edge of the tool to be split in its initial position. , located in a parallel plane above the corresponding jaw, in order to define the thickness of the stave to be obtained.
- the easel for resting and lifting the quarter of wood to be cut into staves has two transverse legs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame of the machine and spaced apart from each other in an adjustable manner to support, by its ends, a quarter of wood, each leg being constituted by two pieces, in the form of "V" cradles, which are controlled to move in opposite directions from one another and in one direction or in the other respectively to form a "W" shape whose median branches by their crossing constitute an "X" in which the crossing point can vary on demand in height and vertically with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the frame for set the quarter of the coated wood to the desired splitting position in the upper "V" shape of each leg.
- each other of the two cradles of each of the legs are controlled by the rotation, in one direction or the other, of a toothed pinion mounted in engagement with two opposite racks which frame it, each of these being integral with the respective base of each of the cradles.
- each transverse leg of the easel has their arms provided mounted in an articulated manner so as to be able to vary their opening angle on demand as a function of the angular value of the quarter of wood to be cut in staves, either 90 ° for a quarter of an eighth, or 120 ° for a quarter of a twelfth.
- the splitting machine consists of a frame (1) in the middle part of which is mounted an easel (2) for lifting and supporting a quarter of wood (not shown) in the longitudinal axis of the frame.
- an easel (2) for lifting and supporting a quarter of wood (not shown) in the longitudinal axis of the frame.
- the bridge will be described later in more detail in connection with Figure 2.
- On either side of this bridge (2) are mounted, symmetrically, two movable jaws (3) adapted to clamp a quarter of wood to deliver by its ends and to be able to oscillate transversely on themselves in the longitudinal axis of the frame.
- each jaw (3) is pivotally mounted on a support (4) movable longitudinally to the frame (1) by means of a control jack (5) which also therefore serves to bring the jaw corresponding in clamping or loosening position.
- Each jaw (3) supports, in a mobile manner, a thickness guide (6) of stave to be cut, guide which will be described later in relation to FIGS. 3 and 4.
- Each jaw (3) is also surmounted by a tool to split (7), pivotally mounted on the end of the rod of a control cylinder (8) and guided flat, in the backward or rest position and until it begins the operation of splitting, by ribs (9) projecting from the top of the jaw (3).
- the jack (5) is supported by an upright (5A) of the frame (1) in which slides, in part high, the rod (8A) of the jack (8), which has its rear end supported by another upright (8A) of the frame.
- the rear part (3A) of the jaw (3) located in front of its support (4), is slidably mounted on this rod (8A) of the jack and its front part is pivotally supported by means a pivot (4b) located at the upper end of the front arm (4A) of the support 4.
- each of the two legs of the easel (2) which are located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame (1), is constituted by two parts (10, 11) , in the form of "V" cradles, which are controlled to move in opposite directions to one another and in one direction or the other respectively, by means of a toothed pinion (P) engaged with two opposite racks (C1, C2) which surround it, each of these being integral with the respective base of each of the cradles (10, 11).
- the quarter of wood (12) must be turned over on itself with its initially lower face having to be in the upper position under the thickness guides (6), the pigon (P) will be rotated in the direction anticlockwise, so that the cradle (10) will be moved to the right and the cradle (11) to the left, the sapwood sector resting on the end (11 D) and the face lower on the end (10G).
- the cradles (10 and 11) have their arms provided mounted in an articulated manner so as to be able to vary their respective opening angle as a function of the angular value of the quarter of wood.
- the cradle (10) is open at 90 ° and the cradle (11) at 120 °, in order to facilitate the placing of the upper face of the quarter in a substantially horizontal position. of wood to be cut into staves which initially represents about an eighth or a twelfth of a log.
- the splitting tool (7) shown very schematically, is constituted by a wedge-shaped part whose front part (7A) has an edge (13) splitting whose upper and lower faces are in a continuous slope from this edge to the middle part (7M) which is of slightly convex shape and whose thickness is less than twice that of the stave to be cut.
- This middle part is followed by a rear extension part (7R), the upper and lower faces of which are substantially horizontal and which is of narrowed width relative to that of the edge (13) to constitute the heel part of the tool.
- this rod (8B) also serves as a pivot axis for the corresponding jaw (3) and that the heel part of the tool serves as a guide for levers (14), lateral and symmetrical, for controlling advancement or retreat of the thickness guide (6) as best seen in Figure 4.
- the thickness guide (6) consists of a transverse stop bar (15) which is supported by two lateral rods (16) adjustable in height.
- the lower end of each rod (16) is engaged in an end cap of a side rod (17) slidably mounted in side brackets (18, 19) of the corresponding jaw (3).
- each of the levers (14) is pivotally mounted on a pivot (20) and comprises, at its end on the rod side (8B) of the jack (8), a control roller (21) adapted to roll on the end (22) of the tool heel and the corresponding lateral side (23) of this heel.
- the other end (24) of each lever has an elongated slot (25) in which is engaged a stud (26) carried by a ring (27) fixed in an adjustable manner on the sliding rod (17) and constrained by a spring of compression (28) bearing on the console (18).
- the jacks (8) simultaneously enter into action and push the splitting tools, the front edge (13) of which rests on the respective corresponding end of the quarter of wood in order to start the splitting operation by a single pass to obtain a stave of thickness determined by the thickness guide whose underside of the transverse stop bar (15) had been set at a spacing, relative to the edge of the tool to split, corresponding to this chosen thickness.
Description
La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de fendage de quartiers de bois pour l'obtention de merrains ou planches fendues dans le sens des rayons médullaires qui traversent radialement l'aubier de ces quartiers, ces merrains servant à la fabrication de douves ou douelles pour la réalisation de tonneaux, fûts ou futailles. Plus particulièrement, elle concerne un tel procédé de fendage qui permet d'obtenir, en une seule passe d'outil à fendre et à écarter soumis à une poussée continue par pression et sans frappe ou percussion, des merrains de même épaisseur déterminée ou choisie en respectant le fil du bois utilisé, c'est-à-dire, la direction de ses fibres.The present invention relates to a method of splitting wooden quarters for obtaining staves or boards split in the direction of the medullary rays which radially pass through the sapwood of these quarters, these staves being used for the manufacture of staves or staves for the making of barrels, barrels or casks. More particularly, it relates to such a splitting process which makes it possible to obtain, in a single pass of a splitting and spreading tool subjected to a continuous thrust by pressure and without striking or percussion, staves of the same thickness determined or chosen in respecting the grain of the wood used, that is to say, the direction of its fibers.
De plus, la présente invention concerne une machine de fendage de quartiers de bois, mettant en oeuvre ce procédé, et conçue pour réaliser l'opération de fendage à l'épaisseur de merrain voulue alors que chaque quartier de bois à débiter est supporté et maintenu en ayant sa face supérieure longitudinale en position horizontale.In addition, the present invention relates to a machine for splitting wood quarters, implementing this method, and designed to carry out the splitting operation to the desired thickness of stave while each quarter of wood to be cut is supported and maintained. by having its longitudinal upper face in a horizontal position.
Dans la technique actuelle utilisée (FR-A-2098826) pour l'obtention de merrains devant servir à la fabrication de douves ou douelles, chaque bille de bois est d'abord fendue en quatre ou six quartiers, au moyen d'un outil à fendre agissant à la manière d'une hache, alors qu'elle est maintenue en position verticale. Chaque quartier obtenu est ensuite repris pour être fendu par une de ses extrémités, au moyen d'un fendoir sous forme d'un coin soumis à la poussée brusque d'un vérin développant une force de compression de douze à quinze tonnes, pour réaliser des planches fendues ayant une épaisseur sensiblement plus forte que le double de celle choisies pour chaque merrain. A noter que, dans la plupart des cas, le coin n'agit pas comme un écarteur entre les couches de fibres du bois mais que son action provoque plutôt l'éclatement du bois sans tenir compte du fil de celui-ci. En conséquence, les planches obtenues en double épaisseur irrégulières doivent être passées dans une raboteuse pour les égaliser à une épaisseur déterminée et, ensuite, le dédoublement se fait à la scie à ruban, si bien que le fil du bois risque de se trouver coupé par endroits.In the current technique used (FR-A-2098826) for obtaining staves for use in the manufacture of staves or staves, each log is first split into four or six quarters, using a tool split acting like an ax, while it is held in an upright position. Each quarter obtained is then taken up to be split by one of its ends, by means of a cleaver in the form of a wedge subjected to the sudden push of a jack developing a compressive force of twelve to fifteen tonnes, to achieve split boards with a thickness significantly greater than twice that chosen for each stave. Note that, in most cases, the wedge does not act as a spacer between the layers of wood fibers but that its action rather causes the splitting of the wood without taking into account its grain. Consequently, the boards obtained in irregular double thickness must be passed through a planer to equalize them to a determined thickness and, then, the splitting is done with the band saw, so that the wood grain may be cut by places.
En conséqence, le procédé de fendage de quartiers de bois selon la présente invention a pour but d'éliminer la majeure partie des inconvénients présentés par la technique connue actuellement et, en particulier de permettre l'obtention de merrains en une seule passe de fendage, ces merrains étant débités d'un quartier de bois suivant une épaisseur de merrains choisie en respectant le fil du bois et ne nécessitant aucun rabotage de surépaisseur ni de dédoublement à la scie à ruban si bien que tous les merrains obtenus sont utilisables sans perte de bois et présentent une amélioration de la qualité requise pour la fabrication de douves ou douelles.Consequently, the aim of the splitting of quarters of wood according to the present invention is to eliminate the major part of the drawbacks presented by the technique currently known and, in particular to allow obtaining staves in a single splitting pass, these staves being cut from a quarter of wood according to a thickness of staves chosen by respecting the grain of the wood and requiring no planing of extra thickness or duplication with the band saw so that all the staves obtained are usable without loss of wood and show an improvement in the quality required for the manufacture of staves or staves.
Conformément à la présente invention, le procédé de fendage de quartiers de bois pour l'obtention de merrains d'épaisseurs égales choisies et régulières, et suivant lequel chaque merrain est débité d'un quartier de bois dans le sens des rayons médullaires, qui traversent radialement son secteur d'aubier, et en respectant la direction des fibres de ce dernier, ce débitage étant réalisé en une seule passe d'outil à fendre monté de manière à pouvoir pivoter librement dans les deux sens autour de son axe longitudinal lors de son mouvement de déplacement dans la direction longitudinale du quartier de bois, sous la poussée d'un vérin agissant de manière continue et sans heurts, procédé remarquable par le fait qu'il consiste tout d'abord à soulever, en position couchée sensiblement horizontale, un quartier de bois jusqu'à ce que la face supérieure de chacune de ses deux extrémités longitudinales vienne buter sous une barre transversale de butée d'un guide d'épaisseur du merrain à débiter, lequel guide est supporté par une mâchoire pouvant pivoter autour de l'axe longitudinal en fonction de la position prise par sa barre transversale de butée lors de l'arrêt du soulèvement du quartier de bois, puis à translater chaque mâchoire en direction de l'extrémité longitudinale correspondante du quartier de bois afin d'enserrer celui-ci entre les deux mâchoires et, ensuite, à débuter l'opération de fendage en attaquant simultanément les deux extrémités du quartier de bois, chacune au moyen d'un outil à fendre orienté initialement avant le début du fendage dans un plan parallèle à celui de la face supérieure de l'extrémité longitudinale correspondante du quartier sur laquelle repose la barre transversale de butée du guide d'épaisseur correspondant, et de manière que l'arête avant de cet outil soit située à un niveau inférieur à celui du dessous de cette barre transversale de butée, afin que la différence entre ces niveaux soit équivalente à l'épaisseur demandée pour le merrain à débiter.In accordance with the present invention, the method of splitting wooden quarters to obtain staves of selected and regular equal thicknesses, and according to which each stave is cut from a quarter of wood in the direction of the medullary rays, which pass through radially its sapwood sector, and respecting the direction of the fibers of the latter, this debitage being carried out in a single pass of the splitting tool mounted so as to be able to pivot freely in both directions around its longitudinal axis during its movement of movement in the longitudinal direction of the quarter of wood, under the push of a jack acting continuously and smoothly, remarkable process by the fact that it consists first of all in lifting, in a substantially horizontal lying position, a quarter of wood until the upper face of each of its two longitudinal ends abuts under a transverse bar of abutment of a guide thickness of the stave to be cut, which guide is supported by a jaw that can pivot around the longitudinal axis depending on the position taken by its transverse stop bar when stopping the lifting of the quarter of wood, then to translate each jaw in the direction of the corresponding longitudinal end of the quarter of wood in order to grip it between the two jaws and, then, to start the operation of splitting by attacking simultaneously the two ends of the quarter of wood, each by means of a splitting tool initially oriented before the splitting begins in a plane parallel to that of the upper face of the corresponding longitudinal end of the quarter on which the transverse stop bar rests of the corresponding thickness guide, and so that the front edge of this tool is located at a level lower than that below this transverse stop bar, so that the difference between these levels is equivalent to the thickness required for the stave to be cut.
Ce procédé utilise le pivotement libre dans les deux sens de chaque outil autour de son axe longitudinal, seulement après que l'opération de fendage soit débutée afin de permettre à l'arête avant de fente de chacun des deux outils de suivre le fil du bois, c'est-à-dire la même direction que les fibres de celui-ci, sans les couper, en partant respectivement de chacune des extrémités du quartier vers sa partie médiane et de provoquer l'écartement progressif et sans éclatement du bois du premier merrain fendu par rapport à la partie restante du quartier de laquelle sera débité, dans sa face longitudinale inférieure, un second merrain de même épaisseur après retournement sens dessus-dessous de cette partie restante afin que, cette face inférieure devienne la face supérieure et ainsi de suite pour l'obtention successive de merrains jusqu'à épuisement du quartier de bois.This process uses the free pivoting in both directions of each tool around its longitudinal axis, only after the splitting operation has started to allow the front edge of each of the two tools to follow the grain of the wood. , that is to say the same direction as the fibers thereof, without cutting them, starting respectively from each of the ends of the quarter towards its middle part and causing the progressive separation and without splitting of the wood of the first stave split with respect to the remaining part of the quarter from which will be cut, in its lower longitudinal face, a second stave of the same thickness after turning it upside down from this remaining part so that this lower face becomes the upper face and thus continuation for the successive obtaining of staves until exhaustion of the quarter of wood.
A noter que, selon la présente invention, ce procédé de fendage utilise deux outils à fendre se déplaçant l'un vers l'autre en cours de fendage, chacun de ces outils étant constitué par une pièce en forme de coin dépassant en largeur celle de la face longitudinale du quartier d'où sera débité chaque merrain, la partie avant en coin de cette pièce présentant, sur chaque face supérieure et inférieure, une pente continue de l'arête avant jusqu'à une partie médiane qui est bombée et, ensuite, une partie arrière plane et sensiblement horizontale qui constitue la partie de talon de l'outil, laquelle est de largeur rétrécie par rapport à la partie avant qui agit comme un fendoir de pénétration progressive dans le bois sans couper les fibres de celui-ci mais en écartant les couches de ces fibres dans le sens des rayons médullaires traversant radialement le secteur d'aubier, alors que la partie arrière ayant ses deux faces supérieure et inférieure parallèles conservera I'écartement obtenu par la partie médiane dont l'épaisseur est inférieure au double de celle du merrain, cette partie médiane bombée tendant à provoquer la séparation en continu et sans éclatement du bois du merrain débité du quartier de bois, puis la séparation définitive de ce merrain. A noter que cet outil à fendre est conçu pour que cette séparation définitive se produise avant que l'arête de pénétration n'atteigne la partie médiane du quartier de bois.Note that, according to the present invention, this splitting process uses two splitting tools moving towards each other during splitting, each of these tools being constituted by a wedge-shaped piece projecting in width from that of the longitudinal face of the quarter from which each stave will be cut, the front corner part of this part having, on each upper and lower face, a continuous slope from the front edge to a median part which is curved and, then , a flat and substantially horizontal rear part which constitutes the heel part of the tool, which is of narrowed width with respect to the front part which acts as a cleaver for progressive penetration into the wood without cutting the fibers thereof but by spreading the layers of these fibers in the direction of the medullary rays crossing radially the sapwood sector, while the rear part having its two upper and lower faces parallel parallel will serve the spacing obtained by the middle part whose thickness is less than twice that of the stave, this curved middle part tending to cause the continuous separation and without splitting of the wood from the stave cut from the quarter of wood, then the final separation of this stave. Note that this splitting tool is designed so that this final separation occurs before the penetration edge reaches the middle part of the wooden quarter.
Ce procédé de fendage est mis en oeuvre au moyen d'une machine qui est remarquable par le fait qu'elle comprend: un chevalet ou berceau de repos du quartier de bois à fendre, situé dans la partie médiane d'un bâti de support et adapté pour soulever ce quartier et le soutenir en position couchée sensiblement horizontale en le centrant dans l'axe longitudinale de ce bâti de support; deux mâchoires mobiles suivant cet axe longitudinal, diposées transversalement à ce dernier pour emprisonner le quartier de bois par ses extrémités longitudinales, chacune étant montée sur un support déplaçable longitudinalement au bâti afin de pivoter librement dans un sens ou dans l'autre lorsqu'elle est en position de serrage sur l'extrémité longitudinale correspondante du quartier de bois; un guide d'épaisseur de chacun des merrains à débiter par fendage monté de manière réglable et mobile au-dessus de chacune des mâchoires et en porte-à-faux avant par rapport au bord avant ou mors respéctif de celles-ci, afin de constituer une barre transversale de butée pour la face longitudinale supérieure du quartier de bois et de calibrer l'épaisseur choisie du merrain à débiter tout en forçant la mâchoire qui porte cette barre transversale de butée à s'orienter transversalement par pivotement dans un plan parallèle à celui de la face longitudinale supérieure du quartier de bois, avant de commander le déplacement de serrage de ces mâchoires; un outil à fendre situé au dessus de chacune des mâchoires, guidé à plat sur le dessus de la mâchoire correspondante pour sa mise en position de fendage et pendant le dégagement en recul du guide d'épaisseur correspondant, puis laissé libre de pivoter sur la tige de son vérin de poussée lorsque le guide d'épaisseur se trouve dégagé en arrière de l'extrémité longitudinale correspondante du quartier de bois et que l'opération de fendage est en cours. Chaque outil à fendre est adapté par ailleurs pour servir de came de guidage à l'une des extrémités de chacun de deux leviers latéraux reliés, par leur autre extrémité, au guide d'épaisseur correspondant et afin de commander le recul de celui-ci lorsque l'outil est avancé pour débuter l'opération de fendage et ainsi dégager la barre transversale de butée de son contact avec la face longitudinale du quartier de bois en deçà de l'extrémité correspondante de celui-ci, l'agencement étant tel que, lors du retour arrière de l'outil à fendre après débit d'un merrain, la barre transversale de butée est entraînée à sa position initiale pour servir d'appui à la nouvelle face de la partie restante du quartier de bois à débiter.This splitting process is implemented by means of a machine which is remarkable in that it comprises: an easel or cradle for resting the quarter of wood to be split, located in the middle part of a support frame and suitable for lifting this quarter and supporting it in the substantially horizontal lying position by centering it in the longitudinal axis of this support frame; two movable jaws along this longitudinal axis, disposed transversely to the latter to trap the quarter of wood by its longitudinal ends, each being mounted on a support movable longitudinally to the frame in order to pivot freely in one direction or the other when it is in the clamping position on the corresponding longitudinal end of the quarter of wood; a thickness guide for each of the staves to be cut by splitting, mounted in an adjustable and movable manner above each of the jaws and in front overhang relative to the front edge or respective jaws thereof, in order to constitute a transverse stop bar for the upper longitudinal face of the quarter of wood and to calibrate the chosen thickness of the stave to be cut while forcing the jaw which carries this transverse stop bar to orient itself transversely by pivoting in a plane parallel to that of the upper longitudinal face of the quarter of wood, before controlling the clamping movement of these jaws; a splitting tool located above each of the jaws, guided flat on top of the corresponding jaw to put it in the splitting position and during the backward release of the corresponding thickness guide, then left free to pivot on the rod its push cylinder when the thickness guide is cleared behind the corresponding longitudinal end of the quarter of wood and the splitting operation is in progress. Each splitting tool is also adapted to serve as a guide cam at one end of each of two lateral levers connected, by their other end, to the corresponding thickness guide and in order to control the recoil of the latter when the tool is advanced to start the splitting operation and thus release the transverse stop bar from its contact with the longitudinal face of the quarter of the timber below the corresponding end thereof, the arrangement being such that, during the backward reversal of the splitting tool after delivery of a stave, the transverse stop bar is driven to its initial position to serve as support for the new face of the remaining part of the quarter of wood to be cut.
Il est sous-entendu en fait que, selon l'invention, dans chaque guide d'épaisseur, la barre transversale de butée est conçue pour être réglée en hauteur par rapport à l'arête avant de l'outil à fendre dans sa position initiale, située dans un plan parallèle au-dessus de la mâchoire correspondante, afin de définir l'épaisseur du merrain à obtenir.It is understood in fact that, according to the invention, in each thickness guide, the transverse stop bar is designed to be adjusted in height relative to the front edge of the tool to be split in its initial position. , located in a parallel plane above the corresponding jaw, in order to define the thickness of the stave to be obtained.
De manière plus spécifique, le chevalet de repos et de soulèvement du quartier de bois à débiter en merrains comporte deux jambages transversaux perpendiculaires à l'axe longitudinal du bâti de la machine et écartés l'un de l'autre de manière réglable pour supporter, par ses extrémités, un quartier de bois, chaque jambage étant constitué par deux pièces, sous forme de berceaux en "V", qui sont commandées pour se déplacer en sens contraire l'une de l'autre et dans un sens ou dans l'autre respectivement afin de constituer une forme en "W" dont les branches médianes par leur croisement constituent un "X" dans lequel le point de croisement peut varier à la demande en hauteur et en verticale par rapport à l'axe longitudinal central du bâti pour régler à la position voulue de fendage le quartier de bois couché dans la forme de "V" supérieure de chaque jambage. A noter que les déplacements en sens contraires l'un de l'autre des deux berceaux de chacun des jambages sont commandés par la rotation, dans un sens ou dans l'autre, d'un pignon denté monté en prise avec deux crémaillères opposées qui l'encadrent, chacune de celles-ci étant solidaire de la base respective de chacun des berceaux.More specifically, the easel for resting and lifting the quarter of wood to be cut into staves has two transverse legs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame of the machine and spaced apart from each other in an adjustable manner to support, by its ends, a quarter of wood, each leg being constituted by two pieces, in the form of "V" cradles, which are controlled to move in opposite directions from one another and in one direction or in the other respectively to form a "W" shape whose median branches by their crossing constitute an "X" in which the crossing point can vary on demand in height and vertically with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the frame for set the quarter of the coated wood to the desired splitting position in the upper "V" shape of each leg. Note that the displacements in opposite directions of each other of the two cradles of each of the legs are controlled by the rotation, in one direction or the other, of a toothed pinion mounted in engagement with two opposite racks which frame it, each of these being integral with the respective base of each of the cradles.
En outre, ces deux pièces en forme de "V" constituant chaque jambage transversal du chevalet ont leurs bras prévus montés de manière articulée afin de pouvoir faire varier à la demande leur angle d'ouverture en fonction de la valeur angulaire du quartier de bois à débiter en merrains, soit 90° pour un quartier de un huitième, soit 120° pour un quartier de un douzième.In addition, these two V-shaped pieces constituting each transverse leg of the easel have their arms provided mounted in an articulated manner so as to be able to vary their opening angle on demand as a function of the angular value of the quarter of wood to be cut in staves, either 90 ° for a quarter of an eighth, or 120 ° for a quarter of a twelfth.
D'autres caractéristiques de la présente invention apparaîtront de la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation d'une machine mettant en oeuvre le procédé de fendage en merrains de quartiers de bois, ce mode de réalisation étant représenté schématiquement dans les dessins ci-joints dans lesquels:
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique en élévation de l'ensemble de la machine;
- la figure 2 est une vue schématique transversale de l'un des jambages du chevalet de support d'un quartier de bois à fendre en merrains;
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique en élévation d'une des deux mâchoires de serrage d'un quartier de bois, supportant un des deux outils à fendre et un guide d'épaisseur escamotable par recul dès le début du fendage;
- la figure 4 est une vue schématique en plan de la mâchoire de serrage représentée dans la figure 3 et montrant les leviers de commande d'avancement et de recul du guide d'épaisseur.
- Figure 1 is a schematic elevational view of the entire machine;
- Figure 2 is a schematic transverse view of one of the legs of the support easel of a quarter of wood to be split into staves;
- Figure 3 is a schematic elevational view of one of the two clamping jaws of a quarter of wood, supporting one of the two splitting tools and a thickness guide retractable by recoil from the start of the splitting;
- Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of the clamping jaw shown in Figure 3 and showing the control levers for advancing and reversing the thickness guide.
Comme représenté schématiquement dans la figure 1, la machine de fendage, conforme à la présente invention, est constituée d'un bâti (1) dans la partie médiane duquel est monté un chevalet (2) de soulèvement et de soutien d'un quartier de bois (non représenté) dans l'axe longitudinal du bâti. A noter que le chevalet sera décrit ultérieurement plus en détails en relation avec la figure 2. De part et d'autre de ce chevalet (2), sont montées, symétriquement, deux mâchoires mobiles (3) adaptées pour serrer un quartier de bois à débiter par ses extrémités et pour pouvoir osciller transversalement sur elles-mêmes dans l'axe longitudinal du bâti. Pour ce faire, chaque mâchoire (3) est montée de manière pivotante sur un support (4) déplaçable longitudinalement au bâti (1) au moyen d'un vérin de commande (5) qui sert également, de ce fait, à amener la mâchoire correspondante en position de serrage ou de déserrage. Chaque mâchoire (3) supporte, de manière mobile, un guide d'épaisseur (6) de merrain à débiter, guide qui sera décrit ultérieurement en relation avec les figures 3 et 4. Chaque mâchoire (3) est également surmontée par un outil à fendre (7), monté de manière pivotante sur l'extrémité de la tige d'un vérin de commande (8) et guidé à plat, en position de recul ou de repos et jusqu'à ce qu'il débute l'opération de fendage, par des nervures (9) saillant du dessus de la mâchoire (3). A noter que le vérin (5) est supporté par un montant (5A) du bâti (1) dans lequel coulisse, en partie haute, la tige (8A) du vérin (8), lequel a son extrémité arrière supportée par un autre montant (8A) du bâti. De plus, la partie arrière (3A) de la mâchoire (3), située en avant de son support (4), est montée de manière coulissante sur cette tige (8A) du vérin et sa partie avant est supportée de manière pivotante au moyen d'un pivot (4b) situé à l'extrémité supérieure du bras avant (4A) du support 4.As shown schematically in Figure 1, the splitting machine, according to the present invention, consists of a frame (1) in the middle part of which is mounted an easel (2) for lifting and supporting a quarter of wood (not shown) in the longitudinal axis of the frame. Note that the bridge will be described later in more detail in connection with Figure 2. On either side of this bridge (2), are mounted, symmetrically, two movable jaws (3) adapted to clamp a quarter of wood to deliver by its ends and to be able to oscillate transversely on themselves in the longitudinal axis of the frame. To do this, each jaw (3) is pivotally mounted on a support (4) movable longitudinally to the frame (1) by means of a control jack (5) which also therefore serves to bring the jaw corresponding in clamping or loosening position. Each jaw (3) supports, in a mobile manner, a thickness guide (6) of stave to be cut, guide which will be described later in relation to FIGS. 3 and 4. Each jaw (3) is also surmounted by a tool to split (7), pivotally mounted on the end of the rod of a control cylinder (8) and guided flat, in the backward or rest position and until it begins the operation of splitting, by ribs (9) projecting from the top of the jaw (3). Note that the jack (5) is supported by an upright (5A) of the frame (1) in which slides, in part high, the rod (8A) of the jack (8), which has its rear end supported by another upright (8A) of the frame. In addition, the rear part (3A) of the jaw (3), located in front of its support (4), is slidably mounted on this rod (8A) of the jack and its front part is pivotally supported by means a pivot (4b) located at the upper end of the front arm (4A) of the
Comme on le voit au mieux dans la figure 2, en vue transversale, chacun des deux jambages du chevalet (2), qui sont situés perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal du bâti (1), est constitué par deux pièces (10, 11), sous forme de berceaux en "V", qui sont commandées pour se déplacer en sens contraires l'une de l'autre et dans un sens ou dans l'autre respectivement, au moyen d'un pignon denté (P) en prise avec deux crémaillères opposées (C1, C2) qui l'encadrent, chacune de celles-ci étant solidaire de la base respective de chacun des berceaux (10, 11). On comprend facilement, si l'on regarde la figure 2, que suite à la rotation, dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre du pigon (P), le berceau (10) sera déplacé vers la gauche, le berceau (11) sera déplacé vers la droite et les extrémités respectives (10D et 11G) de leurs bras soutiendront le quartier de bois pour le mettre en position de fendage avec sa face inférieure en appui sur l'extrémité (10D) et son secteur d'aubier en appui contre l'extrémité (11G). Inversement, si le quartier de bois (12) doit être retourné sur lui-même avec sa face initialement inférieure devant se présenter en position supérieure sous les guides d'épaisseur (6), le pigon (P) sera mis en rotation dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre, si bien que le berceau (10) sera déplacé vers la droite et le berceau (11) vers la gauche, le secteur d'aubier étant en appui sur l'extrémité (11 D) et la face inférieure sur l'extrémité (10G). On notera en outre, que les berceaux (10 et 11) ont leurs bras prévus montés de manière articulée afin de pouvoir faire varier leur angle d'ouverture respectif en fonction de la valeur angulaire du quartier de bois. En effet, comme représenté dans cette figure 2 à titre d'exemple, le berceau (10) est ouvert à 90° et le berceau (11) à 120°, afin de faciliter la mise en position sensiblement horizontale de la face supérieure du quartier de bois à débiter en merrains qui représente initialement environ un huitième ou un douzième de bille de bois.As best seen in Figure 2, in transverse view, each of the two legs of the easel (2), which are located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame (1), is constituted by two parts (10, 11) , in the form of "V" cradles, which are controlled to move in opposite directions to one another and in one direction or the other respectively, by means of a toothed pinion (P) engaged with two opposite racks (C1, C2) which surround it, each of these being integral with the respective base of each of the cradles (10, 11). It is easy to understand, if we look at Figure 2, that following the rotation, clockwise of the pig (P), the cradle (10) will be moved to the left, the cradle (11) will be moved to the right and the respective ends (10D and 11G) of their arms will support the quarter of wood to put it in splitting position with its underside in support on the end (10D) and its sector of sapwood in support against the end (11G). Conversely, if the quarter of wood (12) must be turned over on itself with its initially lower face having to be in the upper position under the thickness guides (6), the pigon (P) will be rotated in the direction anticlockwise, so that the cradle (10) will be moved to the right and the cradle (11) to the left, the sapwood sector resting on the end (11 D) and the face lower on the end (10G). It will also be noted that the cradles (10 and 11) have their arms provided mounted in an articulated manner so as to be able to vary their respective opening angle as a function of the angular value of the quarter of wood. Indeed, as shown in this figure 2 by way of example, the cradle (10) is open at 90 ° and the cradle (11) at 120 °, in order to facilitate the placing of the upper face of the quarter in a substantially horizontal position. of wood to be cut into staves which initially represents about an eighth or a twelfth of a log.
Comme on le voit au mieux dans les figures 3 et 4, l'outil à fendre (7), représenté de manière très schématique, est constitué par une pièce en forme de coin dont la partie avant (7A) présente une arête (13) de fendage dont les faces supérieure et inférieure sont en pente continue de cette arête à la partie médiane (7M) qui est de forme légèrement bombée et dont l'épaisseur est moindre que le double de celle du merrain à débiter. Cette partie médiane est suivie par une partie de prolongement arrière (7R) dont les faces supérieure et inférieure sont sensiblement horizontales et qui est de largeur rétrécie par rapport à celle de l'arête (13) pour constituer la partie de talon de l'outil engagée de manière pivotante sur l'extrémité libre de la tige (8B) du vérin de commande (8). A noter que cette tige (8B) sert également d'axe de pivotement pour la mâchoire correspondante (3) et que la partie de talon de l'outil sert de guide pour des leviers (14), latéraux et symétriques, de commande d'avancement ou de recul du guide d'épaisseur (6) comme on le voit au mieux dans la figure 4.As best seen in Figures 3 and 4, the splitting tool (7), shown very schematically, is constituted by a wedge-shaped part whose front part (7A) has an edge (13) splitting whose upper and lower faces are in a continuous slope from this edge to the middle part (7M) which is of slightly convex shape and whose thickness is less than twice that of the stave to be cut. This middle part is followed by a rear extension part (7R), the upper and lower faces of which are substantially horizontal and which is of narrowed width relative to that of the edge (13) to constitute the heel part of the tool. pivotally engaged on the free end of the rod (8B) of the control cylinder (8). Note that this rod (8B) also serves as a pivot axis for the corresponding jaw (3) and that the heel part of the tool serves as a guide for levers (14), lateral and symmetrical, for controlling advancement or retreat of the thickness guide (6) as best seen in Figure 4.
Comme représenté dans cette figure 4 et dans la figure 3, le guide d'épaisseur (6) est constitué par une barre transversale de butée (15) qui est supportée par deux tiges latérales (16) réglables en hauteur. L'extrémité inférieure de chaque tige (16) est engagée dans une chape d'extrémité d'une tige latérale (17) montée de manière coulissante dans des consoles latérales (18, 19) de la mâchoire (3) correspondante. Par ailleurs, chacun des leviers (14) est monté de manière pivotante sur un pivot (20) et comporte, à son extrémité côté tige (8B) du vérin (8), un galet (21) de commande adapté pour rouler sur l'extrémité (22) de talon de l'outil et le côté latéral (23) correspondant de ce talon. L'autre extrémité (24) de chaque levier comporte une fente allongée (25) dans laquelle est engagé un téton (26) porté par une bague (27) fixée de manière réglable sur la tige coulissante (17) et contrainte par un ressort de compression (28) prenant appui sur la console (18).As shown in this FIG. 4 and in FIG. 3, the thickness guide (6) consists of a transverse stop bar (15) which is supported by two lateral rods (16) adjustable in height. The lower end of each rod (16) is engaged in an end cap of a side rod (17) slidably mounted in side brackets (18, 19) of the corresponding jaw (3). Furthermore, each of the levers (14) is pivotally mounted on a pivot (20) and comprises, at its end on the rod side (8B) of the jack (8), a control roller (21) adapted to roll on the end (22) of the tool heel and the corresponding lateral side (23) of this heel. The other end (24) of each lever has an elongated slot (25) in which is engaged a stud (26) carried by a ring (27) fixed in an adjustable manner on the sliding rod (17) and constrained by a spring of compression (28) bearing on the console (18).
On peut maintenant comprendre plus aisément le fonctionnement de cette machine mettant en oeuvre le procédé de fendage conforme à la présente invention. En effet, lorsque qu'un quartier de bois est soulevé par le chevalet (2), sa face supérieure vient buter sous la barre transversale de butée (15), préalablement réglée à l'épaisseur d'un merrain, des guides d'épaisseur (6) qui font pivoter respectivement chacune des mâchoires (3) et l'outil à fendre (7) correspondant par l'intermédiaire des nervures (9) supérieures à ces mâchoires. Les mâchoires (3) sont alors commandées par les vérins (5) pour enserrer les extrémités du quartier de bois (12). Sitôt après ce serrage, les vérins (8) entrent simultanément en action et poussent les outils à fendre dont l'arête avant (13) vient en appui sur l'extrémité respective correspondante du quartier de bois afin de commencer l'opération de fendage en une seule passe pour l'obtention d'un merrain d'épaisseur déterminée par le guide d'épaisseur dont le dessous de la barre transversale de butée (15) avait été réglé à un écartement, par rapport à l'arête de l'outil à fendre, correspondant à cette épaisseur choisie. En outre, dès le tout début de l'avancement simultané des outls à fendre, les galets (21) des leviers latéraux (14) ont roulé sur les côtés (23) de la partie de talon des outils, puis sur les extrémités arrières (22) de ceux-ci, en laissant ainsi basculer ces leviers sous la poussée des ressorts (28) qui ont repoussé les bagues fixes (27) des tiges latérales coulissantes (17) de support des guides d'épaisseur entraînant le recul de ceux-ci à une position en-deçà du bord avant des mâchoires (3) et, par suite, des extrémités du quartier de bois.We can now understand more easily the operation of this machine implementing the splitting process according to the present invention. Indeed, when a quarter of wood is raised by the easel (2), its upper face abuts under the transverse stop bar (15), previously adjusted to the thickness of a stave, thickness guides (6) which rotate each of the jaws (3) and the corresponding splitting tool (7) respectively via the ribs (9) above these jaws. The jaws (3) are then controlled by the jacks (5) to grip the ends of the quarter of wood (12). Immediately after this tightening, the jacks (8) simultaneously enter into action and push the splitting tools, the front edge (13) of which rests on the respective corresponding end of the quarter of wood in order to start the splitting operation by a single pass to obtain a stave of thickness determined by the thickness guide whose underside of the transverse stop bar (15) had been set at a spacing, relative to the edge of the tool to split, corresponding to this chosen thickness. In addition, from the very start of the simultaneous advancement of the splitting tools, the rollers (21) of the lateral levers (14) rolled on the sides (23) of the heel part of the tools, then on the rear ends ( 22) of these, thus letting these levers tilt under the thrust of the springs (28) which have pushed the fixed rings (27) of the sliding lateral rods (17) supporting the thickness guides causing the recoil of these ci at a position below the front edge of the jaws (3) and, consequently, the ends of the quarter of wood.
Claims (9)
- A process for splitting blocks of wood to obtain thin-cut pieces of wood of regular, selected equal thicknesses, according to which process each thin piece of wood is cut from a block of wood (12) in the direction of the medullary rays, which pass radially through its sapwood sector, and respecting the direction of the fibres thereof, this cutting being effected in a single pass by a splitting tool (7) mounted so as to be able to pivot freely in the two directions about its longitudinal axis at the time of its movement of displacement in the longitudinal direction of the block of wood (12), under the thrust of a jack (8) acting continuously and smoothly, said process being characterized in that it consists first of all in raising a block of wood (12) in a substantially horizontal lying position until the upper face of each of its two longitudinal ends comes to a position of abutment under a transverse abutment bar (15) of a thickness guide (6) for the thin piece of wood to be cut off, which guide is supported by a gripping jaw (3) capable of pivoting about the longitudinal axis in accordance with the position occupied by its transverse abutment bar (15) when raising of the block of wood stops, then in displacing each gripping jaw (3) in the direction of the corresponding longitudinal end of the block of wood (12) to grip the latter between the two gripping jaws (3) and, then, in beginning the splitting operation by simultaneously attacking the two ends of the block of wood (12), each by means of a splitting tool (7) oriented initially, before the start of splitting, in a plane parallel with that of the upper face of the corresponding longitudinal end of the block on which the transverse abutment bar (15) of the corresponding thickness guide (6) rests, in such a way that the front edge (13) of this tool is situated at a lower level than that of the bottom of this transverse abutment bar (15), so that the difference between these levels is equivalent to the thickness required for the thin piece of wood to be cut off.
- A splitting process according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses the free pivoting of each tool (7) in the two directions about its longitudinal axis only after the splitting operation has started so as to permit the front splitting edge (13) of each of the two tools (7) to follow the grain of the wood, that is to say in the same direction as the fibres thereof, without cutting them, respectively starting from each of the ends of the block (12) towards its median part, and to cause progressive separation, without cracking the wood, of the first split thin piece of wood from the remaining part of the block, from which will be cut, on its lower longitudinal face, a second thin piece of wood of the same thickness after turning this remaining part upside-down so that this lower face becomes the upper face, and so on to obtain successive thin pieces until the block of wood is used up.
- A machine for splitting blocks of wood into thin-cut pieces of wood of predetermined thickness using the process according to one or other of claims 1 and 2 and using splitting tools (7) each driven in thrust mode for the splitting operation and in withdrawal mode after the end thereof by respective jacks (8), characterized in that it comprises: a sawhorse (2) or support cradle for the block of wood (12) to be split, said sawhorse (2) or support cradle being situated in the median part of a support frame (1) and adapted to raise said block and support it in a substantially horizontal lying position centring it in the longitudinal axis of this support frame (1); two mobile gripping jaws (3) along this longitudinal axis, arranged transversely with respect thereto to imprison the block of wood (12) by its longitudinal ends, each gripping jaw being mounted on a support (4) which is displaceable longitudinally with respect to the frame (1) so as to pivot freely in one or other direction when it is in the gripping position at the corresponding longitudinal end of the block of wood; a thickness guide (6) for each of the thin pieces of wood to be cut off by splitting, mounted adjustably and movably above each of the gripping jaws (3) and projecting forwards with respect to the respective front edge or grip thereof, so as to form a transverse abutment bar (15) for the upper longitudinal face of the block of wood and to calibrate the selected thickness of the thin piece of wood to be cut while forcing the gripping jaw (3) which carries this transverse abutment bar (15) to orient itself transversely by pivoting in a plane parallel with that of the upper longitudinal face of the block of wood, before actuating gripping displacement of these gripping jaws; a splitting tool (7) situated above each of the gripping jaws (3) and guided horizontally on the top of the corresponding gripping jaw to set it in splitting position and during backwards disengagement of the corresponding thickness guide (6), then left free to pivot on the rod of its thrusting jack (8) when the thickness guide (6) is disengaged behind the corresponding longitudinal end of the block of wood (12) and the splitting operation is underway.
- A splitting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that each splitting tool (7) consists of a wedge-shaped member exceeding in width that of the longitudinal face of the block from which will be cut each thin piece of wood, the front corner piece (7A) of this member exhibiting, on each upper and lower face, a continuous slope from the front edge (13) to a median part (7M) which is convex and then a rear, planar, substantially horizontal part (7R) which constitutes the heel portion of the tool, which is of narrower width than the front part (7A) which acts as a splitter penetrating progressively into the wood without cutting the fibres thereof but separating the layers of these fibres in the direction of the medullary rays passing radially through the sapwood sector, while the rear part (7R), with its two upper and lower faces parallel, preserves the separation obtained by the median part (7M), the thickness of which is less than double that of the thin piece of wood, this convex median part having the tendency to cause continuous separation, without cracking the wood, of the thin piece of wood cut from the block of wood (12), then the definitive separation of this thin-cut piece of wood.
- A splitting machine according to one or other of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that each splitting tool (7) is adapted to act as a guide cam at one of the ends of each of two lateral levers (14) connected by their other ends to the corresponding thickness guide (6) so as to actuate withdrawal thereof when the tool (7) is advanced to begin the splitting operation and thus to disengage the transverse abutment bar (15) from its contact with the longitudinal face of the block of wood (12) in front of the corresponding end thereof, the arrangement being such that, at the time of the backwards return travel of the splitting tool (7) after cutting of the thin piece of wood, the transverse abutment bar (15) is driven into its starting position to act as a support for the new upper face of the remaining part of the block of wood to be cut.
- A splitting machine according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, in each thickness guide (6), the transverse abutment bar (15) is adapted for height regulation with respect to the front edge (13) of the splitting tool (7) in its starting position, situated in a parallel plane above the corresponding gripping jaw (3), so as to define the thickness of the thin piece of wood to be obtained.
- A splitting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the sawhorse (2) for supporting and raising the block of wood (12) to be cut into thin pieces comprises two transverse legs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame of the machine and separated from each other adjustably to support a block of wood (12) by its ends, each leg consisting of two members (10, 11) in the form of "V"-shaped cradles and actuated to move in opposite directions from each other and in one or other direction respectively so as to form a "W"-shape whose median branches (10D, 11G) form by their intersection an "X" in which the point of intersection may vary on demand in height and perpendicularly with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the frame (1) to adjust to the desired splitting position the block of wood lying in the upper "V" shape of each leg.
- A splitting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the movements, in opposite directions from each other, of the two cradles of each of the legs are actuated by the rotation, in one or other direction, a toothed pinion (P) mounted in engagement with two opposing racks (C1, C2) which enclose it, each one thereof being integral with the respective base of each of the cradles (10, 11).
- A splitting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the two "V"-shaped members constituting each transverse leg of the sawhorse (2) have their arms mounted articulatedly in order to be able to vary on demand their angle of opening in accordance with the angular value of the block of wood to be cut into thin pieces, either 90° for an eighth-sized block or 120° for a twelfth-sized block.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9006101 | 1990-05-16 | ||
| FR9006101A FR2662112B1 (en) | 1990-05-16 | 1990-05-16 | PROCESS FOR SPLITTING WOODEN QUARTERS FOR OBTAINING MERRAINS AND MACHINE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0457659A1 EP0457659A1 (en) | 1991-11-21 |
| EP0457659B1 true EP0457659B1 (en) | 1993-10-06 |
Family
ID=9396657
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91401226A Expired - Lifetime EP0457659B1 (en) | 1990-05-16 | 1991-05-13 | Method and apparatus for splitting quartered logs of wood to form barrel stares |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5090463A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0457659B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0592402A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR247995A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE95462T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU639103B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69100462T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0457659T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2046026T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2662112B1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU210362B (en) |
| PT (1) | PT97679A (en) |
| YU (1) | YU48111B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA913590B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2683760B1 (en) * | 1991-11-18 | 1994-01-07 | Maurice Jeantelot | PROCESS OF SPLITTING A WOODEN BALL IN QUARTERS AND MACHINE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION. |
| US11478952B1 (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2022-10-25 | Charles R. Collier | Log cutter |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1663905A (en) * | 1926-12-10 | 1928-03-27 | Edwin H Luke | Split shingle and method of making same |
| US2201815A (en) * | 1938-04-04 | 1940-05-21 | Totem Shake Corp | Shake splitting machine |
| US2760533A (en) * | 1953-06-10 | 1956-08-28 | Balsa Proc Company Inc | Wood slicing machine |
| FR2098826A5 (en) * | 1970-07-27 | 1972-03-10 | Beaulieu Adrien | |
| US4799519A (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1989-01-24 | Forbes Curtis E | Wood splitter |
-
1990
- 1990-05-16 FR FR9006101A patent/FR2662112B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-05-13 YU YU83791A patent/YU48111B/en unknown
- 1991-05-13 DK DK91401226.5T patent/DK0457659T3/en active
- 1991-05-13 DE DE91401226T patent/DE69100462T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-13 ZA ZA913590A patent/ZA913590B/en unknown
- 1991-05-13 ES ES91401226T patent/ES2046026T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-13 EP EP91401226A patent/EP0457659B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-13 AT AT91401226T patent/ATE95462T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-14 AR AR91319685A patent/AR247995A1/en active
- 1991-05-14 US US07/699,759 patent/US5090463A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-15 PT PT97679A patent/PT97679A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-05-15 HU HU911633A patent/HU210362B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-15 AU AU77084/91A patent/AU639103B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-05-16 JP JP3141081A patent/JPH0592402A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69100462D1 (en) | 1993-11-11 |
| AU639103B2 (en) | 1993-07-15 |
| AU7708491A (en) | 1991-11-21 |
| JPH0592402A (en) | 1993-04-16 |
| PT97679A (en) | 1993-06-30 |
| HUT57646A (en) | 1991-12-30 |
| HU911633D0 (en) | 1991-11-28 |
| YU48111B (en) | 1997-03-07 |
| ES2046026T3 (en) | 1994-01-16 |
| FR2662112A1 (en) | 1991-11-22 |
| EP0457659A1 (en) | 1991-11-21 |
| ATE95462T1 (en) | 1993-10-15 |
| DK0457659T3 (en) | 1994-03-07 |
| HU210362B (en) | 1995-04-28 |
| AR247995A1 (en) | 1995-05-31 |
| YU83791A (en) | 1995-10-03 |
| ZA913590B (en) | 1992-02-26 |
| US5090463A (en) | 1992-02-25 |
| DE69100462T2 (en) | 1994-03-31 |
| FR2662112B1 (en) | 1993-11-19 |
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