EP0450722B1 - Verfahren für einen kontinuierlichen Metallbund zwischen Zylinderfutter und Kurbelgehäuseguss einer Brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents

Verfahren für einen kontinuierlichen Metallbund zwischen Zylinderfutter und Kurbelgehäuseguss einer Brennkraftmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0450722B1
EP0450722B1 EP91200747A EP91200747A EP0450722B1 EP 0450722 B1 EP0450722 B1 EP 0450722B1 EP 91200747 A EP91200747 A EP 91200747A EP 91200747 A EP91200747 A EP 91200747A EP 0450722 B1 EP0450722 B1 EP 0450722B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lining
metal
process according
casting
cast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91200747A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0450722A1 (de
Inventor
Renato Guerriero
Ilario Tangerini
Sergio Gallo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alutek Spa enirisorse SpA
Teksid Spa enirisorse SpA
Original Assignee
ALUTEK Srl
Enirisorse SpA
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Publication of EP0450722A1 publication Critical patent/EP0450722A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • F02F2007/009—Hypereutectic aluminum, e.g. aluminum alloys with high SI content

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for obtaining a continuous metallurgical bond between the linings of the cylinders and the cast which constitutes the crankcase of an internal-combustion engine.
  • each piston made from an aluminum alloy, slides with precision inside a cylindrical hollow provided inside "the crankcase of the engine, which is generally made from cast iron, but which can also be obtained from a cast made from an aluminum alloy.
  • the hollow of the cylinders linings are inserted, which are made from high-wear-strength materials, such as, e.g., steel or other aluminum alloys.
  • linings are inserted inside the engine crankcase, after the latter is manufactured by casting, by heat-fitting or, during the same casting step, arranging the linings as inserts inside the casting mold.
  • the coupling between the lining and the crankcase is achieved by mechanical gripping, without material continuity, and this may cause drawbacks in the cooling down of the internal surface of the cylinders by effect of poor heat conductivity due to the discontinuity between the materials.
  • JP-A-61215439 describes a process for obtaining a continuous metallurgical bond between the lining of the cylinders and the cast which constitutes the crankcase of an internal combustion engine, which crankcase is made of a meterial different from the material which constitutes the linings (the crankcase is made of an aluminium alloy and the linings is made of steel or the like annealed), comprising carrying out a surface treatment by depositing a thin nickel layer on the external surface of the lining and casting around the same lining the metal or metal alloy from which the crankcase is made. Therefore the metallurgical bond is obtained between aluminium and steel.
  • the process according to the present invention secures that the classic requirements of the welding operation are met: removal of surface impurities and oxides, intimate contact and coalescence of the materials to be bonded.
  • metals which can be not easily coupled by means of other techniques can be bonded by means of such a welding type.
  • the Process according to the present invention for for obtaining a continuous metallurgical bond between the linings (2) of the cylinders, and the cast (1) which constitutes the crankcase of an internal-combustion engine, which crankcase is made of aluminum, or magnesium, or alloys of aluminum or magnesium and consists of a material different from the material which constitutes the linings (2) comprises the steps of: carrying out a surface treatment by depositing a thin metal layer, said metal being different from the metals which are contained in the materials of the linings (2) and of the cast (1), said metal layer being able of increasing the wettability of, and the heat transfer coefficient between the materials of the lining (2) and of the cast (1), and casting around the same lining (2), positioned inside the mould, the metal or alloys from which the crankcase is made, characterised in that the lining (2) consists of aluminum, or magnesium, or of alloys of aluminum or magnesium, or of a composite material having aluminum, or magnesium, or alloys of aluminum or magnesium as its matrix, and in that the metal to be deposited on the external
  • the lining may also be made from a composite material having as its metal matrix, aluminum or magnesium or aluminum or magnesium alloys: such a type of material is constituted by a metal phase (or a metal alloy phase), which surrounds and links other phases, which constitute the reinforcement (powders or ceramic fibres).
  • the reinforcement is endowed with high values of mechanical strength and hardness, and the stresses to which the matrix is submitted are transferred to it.
  • the matrix should be endowed with suitable characteristics as a function of the envisaged type of application.
  • the reinforcement can be constituted by long ceramic fibres or short ceramic fibres (Al2O3, SiC, Si3N4; BN, SiO2) or by ceramic "whiskers” (SiC, Si3N4, B4C, Al2O3) or by non-metal powders (SiC, BN, Si3N4, B4C, Sio2 or Al2O3).
  • the methods for preparing the composites can be the following:
  • the composite material can be obtained either directly or by means of a following mechanical machining/processing.
  • the metal which constitutes the thin layer preferably having a thickness comprised within the range of from 10 to 100 nm, to be deposited onto the surface of the metal material or of the metal-matrix composite material, which should be different from those contained in the materials and in the cast, can be preferably selected from among Au, Ag, Cu, Pt, Pd, Cr, W, Ir, Mo, Ta, Nb, Os, Re, Rh, Ru and Zr.
  • the deposition of said thin metal layer can be preferably carried out by "sputtering" or by electrochemical deposition.
  • any other methods known in the art, of chemical, physical, and so forth, types, for surface coating can be used: for example, plasma-spraying, laser-assisted deposition, thermal-evaporation deposition, magneton-assisted deposition, CDV ("Chemical Vapour Deposition"), and so forth.
  • the liquid to be cast will be capable of wetting the metal material or the metal-matrix composite to a sufficient extent to transfer heat to it, wash out the layer of oxide which is unavoidably formed on the surface of said material and directly binding to the material, in case a metal material is used, or to the metal matrix, if a composite is used.
  • the casting operating parameters have to be so adjusted as to secure that a suitable stream of overheated liquid will lap the surfaces of the materials.
  • the position of the material inside the die is suitably selected and that the shape of the downward duct (ingress duct) and of the upward duct (egress duct) inside the die is properly designed, So that the liquid metal will be obliged to lap, wet and wash out the walls of the material before said liquid metal is cooled dawn to a too low temperature.
  • the matter is of keeping under control the following three parameters: material pre-heating temperature, metal (or alloy) casting temperature, flux conditions. In such a way, an excellent metallurgical bond between the material and the cast can be obtained.
  • the linings of the cylinders can be obtained by means of techniques known in the art (for example: gravity casting or pressure casting or die-casting or squeeze-casting; or powder metallurgy, or by infiltration or blending), and either directly or by a successive mechanical machining by tool machines or by plastic-working processes (such as extrusion, lamination or forging).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines kontinuierlichen Metallbundes zwischen dem Zylinderfutter (2) und dem Kurbelgehäusegußteil (1) einer Brennkraftmaschine, wobei das Kurbelgehäuse aus Aluminium oder Magnesium oder aus Legierungen von Aluminium oder Magnesium hergestellt ist und aus einem gegenüber dem das Futter (2) bildenden Material verschiedenen Material ist, mit den folgenden Verfahrensschritten:
    Oberflächenbehandlung durch Auftragen einer dünnen Metallschicht, wobei das Metall sich von den Metallen unterscheidet, die in den Materialien des Futters (2) oder des Gußteils (1) enthalten sind, wobei die Metallschicht zur Erhöhung der Benetzbarkeit der Materialien und des Wärmeleitkoeffizienten zwischen den Materialien des Futters (2) und des Gußteils (1) geeignet ist, und
    Gießen des Metalls oder der Legierungen, aus dem das Kurbelgehäuse besteht, um das gleiche Futter (2) das innerhalb der Form angeordnet ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Futter (2) aus Aluminium oder Magnesium oder aus Legierungen von Aluminium oder Magnesium oder aus einem Verbundmaterial mit Aluminium oder Magnesium oder Legierungen von Aluminium oder Magnesium als Matrix besteht und daß das auf der Außenfläche des Futters (2) aufzutragende Metall aus Au, Ag, Cu, Pt, Pd, Cr, W, Ir, Mo, Ta, Nb, Os, Re, Rh, Ru und/oder Zr ausgewählt ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Futter (2) aus einem Verbundmaterial besteht, das zur Verstärkung nicht-metallische Pulver ausgewählt aus SiC, BN, Si₃N₄, B₄C, SiO₂ oder Al₂O₃ enthält.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Futter (2) aus einem Verbundmaterial besteht, das zur Verstärkung Whisker ausgewählt aus SiC, Si₃N₄, B₄C, SiO₂ oder Al₂O₃ enthält.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Futter (2) aus einem Verbundmaterial besteht, das zur Verstärkung lange oder kurze Keramikfasern ausgewählt aus SiC, BN, Si₃N₄, B₄C, SiO₂ oder Al₂O₃ enthält.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Futter (2) aus einem Verbundmaterial besteht, das zur Verstärkung Pulver, Whisker oder lange oder kurze Keramikfasern in einer Konzentration von 10 bis 60 Vol.-% enthält.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Auftragen einer dünnen Metallschicht durch Sputtern erfolgt.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auftrag einer dünnen Metallschicht durch elektrochemische Abscheidung erfolgt.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auftrag einer dünnen Metallschicht durch chemische Abscheidung erfolgt.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auftrag einer dünnen Metallschicht durch Plasmasprühen, durch thermisches Aufdampfen, durch chemische Abscheidung aus der Dampfphase (CVD) oder durch Laserunterstütztes oder Magnetron-unterstütztes Abscheiden erfolgt.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Futter (2) erhalten wird durch Gravitationsguß, Preßguß, Druckguß, Formdruckguß, Pulvermetallurgie, Infiltration oder Vermischen entweder direkt oder mit anschließender mechanischer Werkzeugbearbeitung, oder durch mechanische, plastische Verarbeitung, wie Extrusion, Lamination oder Warmmassivumformung erfolgt.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbundmaterial erhalten wird durch Dispergieren des Verstärkungsmaterials in der Matrix im geschmolzenen Zustand oder durch Dispergieren der Verstärkung in der Matrix in teilweise festem Zustand, durch Pulvermetallurgie, durch Metallbeschichtung der Fasern, durch Schichtverdichtung oder durch Infiltration.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dünne Metallschicht, die auf der Außenfläche des Futters (2) aufgetragen ist, im Bereich von 10 nm bis 100 nm beträgt.
EP91200747A 1990-04-06 1991-03-29 Verfahren für einen kontinuierlichen Metallbund zwischen Zylinderfutter und Kurbelgehäuseguss einer Brennkraftmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP0450722B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT19968A IT1240746B (it) 1990-04-06 1990-04-06 Procedimento per ottenere un legame metallurgico continuo fra canne dei cilindri id il getto costituente il basamento di un motore a combustione interna
IT1996890 1990-04-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0450722A1 EP0450722A1 (de) 1991-10-09
EP0450722B1 true EP0450722B1 (de) 1995-01-04

Family

ID=11162713

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91200747A Expired - Lifetime EP0450722B1 (de) 1990-04-06 1991-03-29 Verfahren für einen kontinuierlichen Metallbund zwischen Zylinderfutter und Kurbelgehäuseguss einer Brennkraftmaschine

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0450722B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH04251657A (de)
CN (1) CN1027188C (de)
AT (1) ATE116714T1 (de)
BR (1) BR9101389A (de)
CA (1) CA2039878A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69106418T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0450722T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2066332T3 (de)
GR (1) GR3015109T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1240746B (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4244502C1 (de) * 1992-12-30 1994-03-17 Bruehl Aluminiumtechnik Zylinderkurbelgehäuse und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US5429173A (en) * 1993-12-20 1995-07-04 General Motors Corporation Metallurgical bonding of metals and/or ceramics
DE102004007774A1 (de) * 2004-02-18 2005-09-15 Mahle Gmbh Laufbuchse für einen Verbrennungsmotor
JP4474338B2 (ja) * 2005-07-08 2010-06-02 トヨタ自動車株式会社 シリンダライナ及びエンジン
JP4584058B2 (ja) * 2005-07-08 2010-11-17 トヨタ自動車株式会社 シリンダライナ及びその製造方法
DE102010055162A1 (de) * 2010-12-18 2012-06-21 Mahle International Gmbh Beschichtung sowie beschichtetes Eingussbauteil
BR102013005326A2 (pt) * 2013-03-05 2014-12-02 Mahle Metal Leve Sa Camisa de cilindro para engastamento em um bloco de motor e bloco de motor
CN107598485A (zh) * 2017-07-25 2018-01-19 中原内配集团安徽有限责任公司 一种螺纹加工型缸套的制作工艺
CN113999999A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-02-01 华中科技大学 稀土增强固液复合铸造镁/铝双金属的制备方法及产品
CN114046209A (zh) * 2022-01-13 2022-02-15 爱柯迪股份有限公司 氮化硅纤维增强铝合金发动机缸套及制备方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1340869A (fr) * 1962-08-17 1963-10-25 Willys Motors Moteur à combustion interne et procédé pour sa fabrication
DE3837254A1 (de) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Leichtmetall-einlage fuer die bildung einer dehnfuge in aus leichtmetallguss gebildeten brennraumwaenden von brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere zylinderkopfboden von diesel-brennkraftmaschinen

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Publication number Publication date
JPH04251657A (ja) 1992-09-08
IT9019968A1 (it) 1991-10-06
GR3015109T3 (en) 1995-05-31
ES2066332T3 (es) 1995-03-01
DK0450722T3 (da) 1995-05-15
DE69106418T2 (de) 1995-07-06
BR9101389A (pt) 1991-11-26
CA2039878A1 (en) 1991-10-07
EP0450722A1 (de) 1991-10-09
CN1056923A (zh) 1991-12-11
CN1027188C (zh) 1994-12-28
IT1240746B (it) 1993-12-17
IT9019968A0 (it) 1990-04-06
ATE116714T1 (de) 1995-01-15
DE69106418D1 (de) 1995-02-16

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