EP0448460B1 - Suspension device for an acoustic base - Google Patents
Suspension device for an acoustic base Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0448460B1 EP0448460B1 EP91400734A EP91400734A EP0448460B1 EP 0448460 B1 EP0448460 B1 EP 0448460B1 EP 91400734 A EP91400734 A EP 91400734A EP 91400734 A EP91400734 A EP 91400734A EP 0448460 B1 EP0448460 B1 EP 0448460B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- base
- dome
- tie
- acoustic
- boat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device
- G10K11/006—Transducer mounting in underwater equipment, e.g. sonobuoys
Definitions
- the present invention relates to devices which allow the acoustic bases to be suspended so as to be able to combat the effects of swell.
- Acoustic bases i.e. sets of acoustic transducers which make it possible to receive or emit acoustic signals in water, in particular for sonars, are often fixed under the hull of a boat to the inside a protective envelope called a sonar dome, itself generally filled with an acoustically adapted protective liquid.
- a sonar dome a protective envelope
- the acoustic beam both in emission and in reception, follows the movements of the base and it quickly becomes necessary to compensate for these displacements.
- electronic compensation is possible, it is generally preferred, at least to compensate for the most significant movements, to suspend the base so that it tends to remain vertical despite these movements of the boat.
- the base swings angularly around its point of suspension from the hull.
- the dome it is usual, for mechanical reasons as well as for hydrodynamic reasons, to rigidly fix the dome to the hull of the boat and to suspend the base inside this dome in which it oscillates relatively freely.
- the base is generally suspended so as to be able to oscillate laterally with respect to the axis of the boat, which compensates for the rolling movements, while being rigidly fixed relative to the longitudinal axis, which causes it to follow the pitching movements which are of lower importance than those of roll.
- German patent application No. 3312452 has also proposed a device for suspending an acoustic transducer placed in a protective dome, which uses a complicated system of rods, pulleys and cables. The complication of this system obviously leads to excessive production and maintenance costs.
- the invention provides a device according to claim 1.
- Figure 1 there is shown a cross section with respect to the axis of the boat carrying a sonar dome 9 protecting an acoustic base 2 suspended from the lower part of the hull of a carrying boat using two rods 3 and 4 articulated, on one side on the upper face of the base by ball joints 7 and 8, and on the other side on the hull of the boat by ball joints 5 and 6.
- the base moves for example from left to right while approaching the right part of the dome, it undergoes a movement of rotation in a clockwise direction, which tends to make the lateral face 12 of the base substantially parallel to the inner surface of the sonar in look of this face.
- the lower corner 11 of this base is much less close to the dome than in the case of the conventional angular suspension, while the upper right corner 13 is much closer, which is of little importance since the clearance between this corner and the dome is much more important than for corner 11.
- the protective fluid which fills the interior of the dome is less stressed during stirring, which facilitates the movements of the base instead of hindering them and avoids the stresses of this fluid on the hydrophones, sources of noise. unwanted parasites.
- the dimension of the rods and the arrangement of the fixing points is not critical, except that the instantaneous center of rotation R must always be located above the center of gravity G of the base. In fact, in the opposite case, the base would tend to swing upside down, which would give an opposite result to that expected.
- the analytical resolution of the problem is relatively difficult. By cons an approximate solution to obtain the The desired movement corresponding to surface-to-surface contact during a possible impact is easy to obtain by those skilled in the art using a few preliminary graphic tests.
- FIG. 2 shows the roll angle ⁇ of the sonar base as a function of the roll angle ⁇ of the boat.
- dotted lines we have the bisector which would correspond to a fixed link between the base and the boat.
- solid lines we have the angle corresponding to the situation in Figure 1.
- this angle is significantly lower for small inclinations, which corresponds to the desired effect of the suspension of the base. This angle gradually increases to approach an asymptote corresponding to the stop against the walls of the shell.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
La présente invention se rapporte aux dispositifs qui permettent de suspendre les bases acoustiques de manière à pouvoir lutter contre les effets de la houle.The present invention relates to devices which allow the acoustic bases to be suspended so as to be able to combat the effects of swell.
Les bases acoustiques, c'est-à-dire les ensembles de transducteurs acoustiques qui permettent de recevoir ou d'émettre des signaux acoustiques dans l'eau, notamment pour les sonars, sont souvent fixées sous la coque d'un bateau à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe protectrice dite dôme sonar, elle-même généralement remplie d'un liquide protecteur acoustiquement adapté. Comme les bateaux se déplacent sous l'effet des vagues, le faisceau acoustique, tant en émission qu'en réception, suit les mouvements de la base et il devient rapidement nécessaire de compenser ces déplacements. Bien qu'une compensation électronique soit possible, on préfère généralement, tout au moins pour compenser les mouvements les plus importants, suspendre la base de manière à ce qu'elle tende à rester verticale en dépit de ces mouvements du bateau. Pour faciliter l'explication et le langage on peut dire, en regardant le mouvement relatif et en considérant le bateau comme immobile, que la base se balance de manière angulaire autour de son point de suspension à la coque. Bien qu'on puisse concevoir de faire aussi osciller le dôme, il est usuel, pour des raisons de mécaniques ainsi que pour des raisons hydrodynamiques, de fixer rigidement le dôme à la coque du bateau et de suspendre la base à l'intérieur de ce dôme dans lequel elle oscille relativement librement. En outre comme les effets des vagues sont beaucoup plus sensibles en roulis qu'en tangage, la base est généralement suspendue de manière à pouvoir osciller latéralement par rapport à l'axe du bateau, ce qui compense les mouvements de roulis, tout en étant fixée rigidement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal, ce qui l'entraîne à suivre les mouvements de tangage qui sont d'importance plus faible que ceux de roulis.Acoustic bases, i.e. sets of acoustic transducers which make it possible to receive or emit acoustic signals in water, in particular for sonars, are often fixed under the hull of a boat to the inside a protective envelope called a sonar dome, itself generally filled with an acoustically adapted protective liquid. As the boats move under the effect of the waves, the acoustic beam, both in emission and in reception, follows the movements of the base and it quickly becomes necessary to compensate for these displacements. Although electronic compensation is possible, it is generally preferred, at least to compensate for the most significant movements, to suspend the base so that it tends to remain vertical despite these movements of the boat. To facilitate the explanation and the language we can say, by looking at the relative movement and by considering the boat as immobile, that the base swings angularly around its point of suspension from the hull. Although it is conceivable to also oscillate the dome, it is usual, for mechanical reasons as well as for hydrodynamic reasons, to rigidly fix the dome to the hull of the boat and to suspend the base inside this dome in which it oscillates relatively freely. In addition as the effects of waves are much more sensitive in roll than in pitching, the base is generally suspended so as to be able to oscillate laterally with respect to the axis of the boat, which compensates for the rolling movements, while being rigidly fixed relative to the longitudinal axis, which causes it to follow the pitching movements which are of lower importance than those of roll.
Si l'on pouvait mettre une petite base dans un gros dôme, celle-ci aurait toute la place voulue pour se déplacer à l'intérieur du dôme sans venir heurter les parois de celui-ci. Cette solution n'est généralement pas retenue parce que le dôme freine le bâteau et qu'il faut donc le faire aussi petit que possible, compte tenu des dimensions de la base qu'il doit contenir. Dans ces conditions la base tend à heurter les parois intérieures du dôme dès que le roulis prend une certaine ampleur. Ces chocs sont d'autant plus dangereux que la base, qui est par exemple de la forme d'un tambour circulaire à axe vertical, présente des coins relativement aigus et est d'un poids respectable. En dépit de l'amortissement apporté par le liquide de remplissage du dôme les chocs risquent donc de défoncer le dôme. On est alors amené, pour éviter une telle collision, à utiliser divers palliatifs tels que des butées qui limitent l'excursion pendulaire de la base. Ces palliatifs sont loin de donner satisfaction puisque justement en limitant les mouvements de la base ils tendent à solidariser celle-ci à la coque et donc à contrecarrer la compensation que l'on cherche à obtenir en suspendant celle-ci de manière pendulaire.If you could put a small base in a large dome, it would have all the space you need to move inside the dome without hitting the walls of it. This solution is generally not retained because the dome slows down the boat and it must therefore be made as small as possible, taking into account the dimensions of the base that it must contain. Under these conditions the base tends to strike the interior walls of the dome as soon as the roll takes on a certain extent. These shocks are all the more dangerous since the base, which is for example in the shape of a circular drum with a vertical axis, has relatively sharp corners and is of a respectable weight. Despite the damping provided by the filling liquid of the dome, shocks may therefore break the dome. We are then led, to avoid such a collision, to use various palliatives such as stops which limit the pendulum excursion of the base. These palliatives are far from satisfactory since precisely by limiting the movements of the base they tend to secure the latter to the shell and therefore to thwart the compensation that one seeks to obtain by suspending it in a pendular manner.
On a aussi proposé dans la demande de brevet allemand n° 3312452 un dispositif de suspension d'un transducteur acoustique placé dans un dôme de protection, qui utilise un système compliqué de biellettes, de poulies et de câbles. La complication de ce système entraîne manifestement des coûts de réalisation et de maintenance excessifs.German patent application No. 3312452 has also proposed a device for suspending an acoustic transducer placed in a protective dome, which uses a complicated system of rods, pulleys and cables. The complication of this system obviously leads to excessive production and maintenance costs.
Pour pallier ces inconvénients l'invention propose un dispositif selon la revendication 1.To overcome these drawbacks, the invention provides a device according to claim 1.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront clairement dans la description suivante présentée à titre d'exemple non limitatif en regard des figures annexées qui représentent :
- la figure 1, une coupe perpendiculaire à l'axe de roulis d'un dôme sonar enfermant une base acoustique suspendue selon l'invention ; et
- la figure 2, un graphique des angles de débatement du bateau et de la base.
- Figure 1, a section perpendicular to the roll axis of a sonar dome enclosing a suspended acoustic base according to the invention; and
- Figure 2, a graph of the angles of the boat and the base.
Sur la figure 1 on a représenté une coupe transversale par rapport à l'axe du bateau porteur d'un dôme sonar 9 protégeant une base acoustique 2 suspendue à la partie inférieure de la coque d'un bateau porteur à l'aide de deux biellettes 3 et 4 articulées, d'un côté sur la face supérieure de la base par des rotules 7 et 8, et de l'autre côté sur la coque du bateau par des rotules 5 et 6.In Figure 1 there is shown a cross section with respect to the axis of the boat carrying a sonar dome 9 protecting an
Cette disposition est à comparer à celle que l'on aurait si la base 2 était suspendue à la coque 1 par un système simple composé par exemple d'une biellette fixée suivant l'axe central de la base et articulée par exemple sous la coque. Dans ces conditions il est bien clair que la base en se balançant au bout de ce point d'articulation viendrait cogner le dôme 9 par ses extrémités inférieures pointues 10 et 11 qui risqueraient ainsi de crever ce dôme.This arrangement is to be compared to that which would be obtained if the
Avec le système selon l'invention, il est tout aussi clair que lorsque la base se balance latéralement elle suit non seulement un mouvement de translation latéral, mais encore un mouvement de rotation autour d'un centre de rotation fictif situé au croisement du prolongement des axes des biellettes. Ce centre de rotation instantané n'est bien entendu pas fixe par rapport à la base, mais pour de petits angles il reste situé sensiblement au même endroit.With the system according to the invention, it is equally clear that when the base swings laterally it follows not only a lateral translational movement, but also a rotational movement around a fictitious center of rotation located at the intersection of the extension of the axes of the rods. This instantaneous center of rotation is of course not fixed relative to the base, but for small angles it remains located substantially in the same place.
Ainsi donc, lorsque la base se déplace par exemple de gauche à droite en se rapprochant de la partie droite du dôme, elle subit un mouvement de rotation dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre, qui tend à rendre la face latérale 12 de la base sensiblement parallèle à la surface intérieure du sonar en regard de cette face. Corrélativement le coin inférieur 11 de cette base se rapproche beaucoup moins du dôme que dans le cas de la suspension angulaire classique, alors que le coin supérieur droit 13 se rapproche beaucoup plus, ce qui est de faible importance puisque la garde entre ce coin et le dôme est beaucoup plus importante que pour le coin 11. Ainsi, à supposer que le tangage soit suffisamment violent pour que la base vienne heurter le dôme, ce choc se fera entre la face 12 et la face intérieure du dôme sensiblement surface contre surface et le choc des coins 11 et 13 sera beaucoup moins nocif dans ce sens que le choc direct du coin 11 dans la solution connue.Thus, when the base moves for example from left to right while approaching the right part of the dome, it undergoes a movement of rotation in a clockwise direction, which tends to make the
Bien entendu l'effet est le même, mais de l'autre côté, lorsque la base se balance de droite à gauche, et ce sont alors les coins inférieur gauche 10 et supérieur gauche 14 qui sont concernés.Of course the effect is the same, but on the other side, when the base swings from right to left, and it is then the lower left 10 and upper left 14 corners which are concerned.
En outre, comme on diminue la longueur du pendule equivalent au système, la fréquence propre d'oscillation de l'ensemble base/biellettes augmente, ce qui est favorable puisque la fréquence des vagues est relativement petite. L'ensemble a ainsi moins de chance d'entrer en résonance.In addition, as the length of the pendulum equivalent to the system is reduced, the natural frequency of oscillation of the base / link assembly increases, which is favorable since the frequency of the waves is relatively small. The whole is thus less likely to enter into resonance.
De plus dans ces types de mouvement le fluide protecteur qui remplit l'intérieur du dôme est moins sollicité en brassage, ce qui facilite les mouvements de la base au lieu de les gêner et évite les sollicitations de ce fluide sur les hydrophones, sources de bruits parasites indésirables.In addition, in these types of movement, the protective fluid which fills the interior of the dome is less stressed during stirring, which facilitates the movements of the base instead of hindering them and avoids the stresses of this fluid on the hydrophones, sources of noise. unwanted parasites.
La dimension des biellettes et la disposition des points de fixation n'est pas critique, si ce n'est qu'il faut que le centre instantané de rotation R se trouve toujours situé au-dessus du centre de gravité G de la base. En effet dans le cas contraire la base tendrait à se balancer à l'envers, ce qui donnerait un résultat inverse de celui escompté. Compte tenu des différents paramètres qui jouent, notamment sur la forme intérieure du sonar ainsi que sur la forme et les dimensions de la base, la résolution analytique du problème est relativement ardue. Par contre une solution approchée permettant d'obtenir le mouvement souhaité correspondant à un contact surface sur surface lors d'un choc éventuel est facile à obtenir par l'homme de l'art à l'aide de quelques essais graphiques préalables.The dimension of the rods and the arrangement of the fixing points is not critical, except that the instantaneous center of rotation R must always be located above the center of gravity G of the base. In fact, in the opposite case, the base would tend to swing upside down, which would give an opposite result to that expected. Taking into account the various parameters which play, in particular on the interior form of the sonar as well as on the form and the dimensions of the base, the analytical resolution of the problem is relatively difficult. By cons an approximate solution to obtain the The desired movement corresponding to surface-to-surface contact during a possible impact is easy to obtain by those skilled in the art using a few preliminary graphic tests.
On remarquera que si l'on augmente l'angle d'inclinaison entre les biellettes, soit en rapprochant leurs extrémités inférieures, soit en écartant leurs extrémités supérieures, on se rapproche du cas du pendule simple. Inversement lorsque l'on diminue cet angle, soit en écartant les extrémités inférieures des biellettes, soit en rapprochant leurs extrémités supérieures, on tend à rendre le système indifférent par rapport au mouvement du bateau. Cette indifférence est totale, tout au moins pour les petits angles lorsque le croisement a lieu au centre de gravité G.It will be noted that if the angle of inclination between the links is increased, either by bringing their lower ends closer together, or by moving their upper ends apart, we are approaching the case of the simple pendulum. Conversely, when this angle is reduced, either by spreading the lower ends of the rods, or by bringing their upper ends together, we tend to make the system indifferent to the movement of the boat. This indifference is total, at least for small angles when the crossing takes place at the center of gravity G.
On remarquera aussi que si l'écartement des articulations supérieures des biellettes est inférieur à l'écartement des articulations inférieures, le centre de rotation instantané étant alors situé au-dessus de la surface de la coque 1, on a toujours l'effet désiré mais qu'alors, si le mouvement est correct pour les petits angles en maintenant notamment un angle de visée relativement constant, le déplacement latéral de la base est important et même souvent excessif.It will also be noted that if the spacing of the upper articulations of the rods is less than the spacing of the lower articulations, the instantaneous center of rotation then being located above the surface of the shell 1, the effect is always desired but that then, if the movement is correct for small angles, in particular by maintaining a relatively constant viewing angle, the lateral displacement of the base is large and even often excessive.
Par ailleurs on a constaté que la longueur des biellettes a une faible influence sur le mouvement de l'ensemble.Furthermore, it has been found that the length of the rods has little influence on the movement of the assembly.
On a représenté sur la figure 2 l'angle de roulis β de la base sonar en fonction de l'angle de roulis α du bateau. En pointillé on a la bissectrice qui correspondrait à une liaison fixe entre la base et le bateau. En trait plein on a l'angle correspondant à la situation de la figure 1. On constate que cet angle est nettement plus faible pour les petites inclinaisons, ce qui correspond bien à l'effet souhaité de la suspension de la base. Cet angle augmente petit à petit pour se rapprocher d'une asymptote correspondant A la butée contre les parois de la coque.FIG. 2 shows the roll angle β of the sonar base as a function of the roll angle α of the boat. In dotted lines we have the bisector which would correspond to a fixed link between the base and the boat. In solid lines we have the angle corresponding to the situation in Figure 1. We see that this angle is significantly lower for small inclinations, which corresponds to the desired effect of the suspension of the base. This angle gradually increases to approach an asymptote corresponding to the stop against the walls of the shell.
Claims (2)
- Device comprising an acoustic block (2) enclosed in a protective dome (9), characterized in that this device additionally includes two tie-bars (3, 4) fixed by articulations (7, 8) to the acoustic block, and in that these tie-bars are able to be fixed by articulations under a hull of a boat in such a way that these tie-bars are inclined so that the straight lines joining the points of articulation of each tie-bar cross at a point (R) situated above the centre of gravity (G) of the acoustic block.
- Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lengths of the tie-bars (3, 4) and the positions of the points of articulation (5, 6) enable the acoustic block (2) to approach the inside face of the protective dome (9) whilst rotating in such a way that any impact between the block and this inside face of the dome occurs surface against surface.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9003747 | 1990-03-23 | ||
| FR9003747A FR2660144B1 (en) | 1990-03-23 | 1990-03-23 | SUSPENSION DEVICE FOR ACOUSTIC BASE. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0448460A1 EP0448460A1 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
| EP0448460B1 true EP0448460B1 (en) | 1994-12-14 |
Family
ID=9395053
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91400734A Expired - Lifetime EP0448460B1 (en) | 1990-03-23 | 1991-03-19 | Suspension device for an acoustic base |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5091894A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0448460B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2038462A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69105790T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2660144B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2676725B1 (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1998-01-09 | Thomson Csf | WINCH FOR TOWING UNDERWATER OBJECTS. |
| FR2714663B1 (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1996-01-26 | Thomson Csf | Winch with hydraulic motor, in particular for helicopter equipped with a sonar. |
| FR2735645B1 (en) * | 1995-06-16 | 1997-07-25 | Thomson Csf | TRAILER ACOUSTIC TRANSMITTER |
| US6301426B1 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2001-10-09 | Molecular Optoelectronics Corporation | Mechanically adjustable fiber optic attenuator and method employing same |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1348538A (en) * | 1920-08-03 | Tlakb | ||
| CA447188A (en) * | 1948-03-09 | R. Harry William | Submarine signal device | |
| US1401024A (en) * | 1917-11-12 | 1921-12-20 | Submarine Signal Co | Diaphragm-mounting |
| US2582994A (en) * | 1943-06-04 | 1952-01-22 | Geophysical Res Corp | Underwater microphone |
| US2832944A (en) * | 1945-10-01 | 1958-04-29 | Gen Electric | Stabilized mounting for underwater sound apparatus |
| JPS60628B2 (en) * | 1977-03-10 | 1985-01-09 | 古野電気株式会社 | Underwater detector transducer attitude control device |
| DE2732254A1 (en) * | 1977-07-16 | 1979-01-25 | Vdo Schindling | Echo-sounder oscillator installation in boat hull - uses cylindrical box enclosure and set of wedge washers for bolt angle adjustment |
| US4462094A (en) * | 1980-06-19 | 1984-07-24 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method and apparatus for determining angle of inclination of seismometer and leveling seismic motion detectors |
| DE3312452A1 (en) * | 1983-04-07 | 1984-10-11 | Honeywell-Elac-Nautik Gmbh, 2300 Kiel | Holding and stabilising device for an underwater sound transducer |
-
1990
- 1990-03-23 FR FR9003747A patent/FR2660144B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-03-12 US US07/668,173 patent/US5091894A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-18 CA CA002038462A patent/CA2038462A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-03-19 EP EP91400734A patent/EP0448460B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-19 DE DE69105790T patent/DE69105790T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69105790T2 (en) | 1995-04-27 |
| CA2038462A1 (en) | 1991-09-24 |
| EP0448460A1 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
| FR2660144A1 (en) | 1991-09-27 |
| FR2660144B1 (en) | 1992-05-29 |
| US5091894A (en) | 1992-02-25 |
| DE69105790D1 (en) | 1995-01-26 |
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