EP1196319B1 - Towed line floater - Google Patents
Towed line floater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1196319B1 EP1196319B1 EP00951673A EP00951673A EP1196319B1 EP 1196319 B1 EP1196319 B1 EP 1196319B1 EP 00951673 A EP00951673 A EP 00951673A EP 00951673 A EP00951673 A EP 00951673A EP 1196319 B1 EP1196319 B1 EP 1196319B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- float
- float according
- horizontal
- horizontal portion
- line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/42—Towed underwater vessels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/56—Towing or pushing equipment
- B63B21/66—Equipment specially adapted for towing underwater objects or vessels, e.g. fairings for tow-cables
Definitions
- This invention relates to a float line affected, the scope of which is generally seismic measurements at sea, in which a battery of sensor carrying lines is touched at the stern of a ship.
- Each lines includes a deflector in front of sensors, which is a submerged and vertical wing which undergoes a transverse lift and maintains the line at side of the ship's wake, and a float at which the deflector is suspended and whose purpose is to prevent the line to sink under the weight of the deflector.
- the floats must be insensitive to the disturbances inflicted on them in particular by the swell. We regret on this subject that the known floats oscillate too easily in vertical direction following the movements of the swell.
- the line of suspension of the deflector on the float is subject to periodic surges that can end up breaking it by fatigue or creating damage to attachment points, and the quality of the measurements can also be disturbed.
- the float which will be described later remedies this disadvantage while having good stability of road, especially in its best achievement.
- floats such as that of US-A-4 549 499) have a tapered shape, swollen in the center and tapering gradually towards the ends.
- a another prior art is described in US 3,760,761.
- float according to the invention defined by claims includes a horizontal portion of floating body of which the shape is also noticeably tapered, but also an upper portion of floating body, extending from the horizontal portion upwards and being able have horizontal cross sections substantially uniform; moreover, the portion horizontal is completely submerged and the portion upper part is partially emerged when the float supports the line, or a heavy element thereof.
- the vertical movement of the swell is therefore mainly translated by a variation of immersion of the upper portion without exerting any noticeable force on the float because of the uniformity of its section and the little variation of the submerged volume: the movement vertical oscillating float and its load therefore not the opportunity to appear on a large scale.
- Stability is even better if the upper portion rises behind the portion horizontal, and especially if the suspension member of the deflector is located in front of the upper portion.
- this suspension device includes a single transverse axis joint, the float is restrained against rolling movements and returns more easily in place.
- the handling of the float is improved if its horizontal portion is wider than it is tall, which reduces its lateral projected surface, therefore the lateral disturbing forces.
- FIG. 1 Part of line touched for measurements is shown in Figure 1. It includes, on one side and on the other of a submerged deflector 1, a forward section of line 2 attached to a vessel located left and a rear line portion 3 to which are attached to the sensors located on the right (outside the figure).
- a line diversion 4 connects the front and rear portions 2 and 3 bypassing the deflector 1, and is used to transmit the signal from sensors to the ship.
- Deflector 1 is kept at a substantially constant depth thanks to a float 5, characteristic of the invention, preventing it to be damaged to which it is suspended by a cable or a chain 18.
- the float 5 includes a portion horizontal and lower floating body called here time zone 6 and an upper vertical portion of body floating called leg 7.
- the time zone 6 presents: a front portion 8 intended to promote penetration in the water and which therefore tapers forwards, up to a rounded tip 9; a middle portion 10 of section substantially uniform; and a rear portion 11 tapering towards the rear, a bottom surface 12 of the zone 6 undergoing a setback at this location ascending 13 to escape upwards and form a concavity for housing a vertical fin 14; other fins, horizontal, 15 are placed on the sides of the time zone 6.
- the horizontal fins 15 are disadvantageous in that they increase the bulk transverse of float 5, but we can make them removable or retractable to retract them when the float 5 will be stowed on board the ship.
- the straight sections of time zone 6 are substantially rectangular and that its faces are limited by edges 24 almost forming angles vivid, as shown in Figure 3.
- the bottom 12 is flat over a large part of the length, especially under the middle part 10, and the surface upper spindle 6 forms a flat upper bridge 16 at the middle part 10 and the part rear 11.
- the leg 7 is advantageously at the rear of time zone 6 and extends substantially over half of its length, substantially over the entire rear part 11 and on half of the middle part 10.
- An organ of suspension 17 of the deflector 1 by the chain 18 is attached to the bottom 12, and comprises a flange 19 fixed to the time zone 6, a connecting rod 20 connected to the chain 18 and a joint 25 of transverse axis between them, which therefore allows the rod 20 to oscillate back and forth rear but not sideways, so the deflector 1 helps stabilize the float 5 against rolling movements by restricting its rotation around the longitudinal axis.
- a chain of safety 26 could still unite deflector 1 with flange 19 and support this one if the suspension member 17 broke.
- the connecting rod 20 may include a shock absorber.
- Leg 7 is, substantially, half submerged under the surface E of water and includes a front portion 21 rounded in half-cylinder for promote penetration, and a rear portion 22 formed of two sections meeting at an edge 23 located at the back.
- Leg 7 is smooth, with substantially identical horizontal cross sections, in order to limit the forces produced by the movements vertical swell.
- the mechanical principle sought consists of more generally to make the natural frequency of heaving (vertical oscillating movement) of the float 5 close to a value where the movements of the swell exerts only minimal effort, which reduces the efforts on the suspension member 17.
- the spindle dimensions 6 and leg section 7 can be chosen accordingly, depending on results of numerical simulations or tests in pool. However, it has been observed that a favorable result was more easily reached if the bottom 12 and the bridge 16 were flat and relatively close one of the other, which justifies the shape wider than tall of time zone 6. We are also trying to increase the friction produced by the vertical movement of water to dampen the oscillations of the float 5; the almost sharp angles at the edges 24 of the time zone 6, likewise that the horizontal fins 15, give this result in favoring vortices.
- leg 7 serves rudder, the vertical fin 14 having the same effect if added.
- Leg 7 is best arranged at the rear of the time zone 6, and the flange 19 also at the front that we can without breaking the balance of the float 5, in front of leg 7 or at least most of it.
- the center of the hull of float 5 must be advanced and its center of gravity moved back. flattening of zone 6 and the reduction of its lateral surface which the result is also beneficial in this, since the lateral disturbances produced by water will reduced.
- ballast in general, we prefer not to place ballast in float 5, which could make it more stable but would increase its mass and displacement.
Description
Cette invention concerne un flotteur de ligne touée, dont le domaine d'application est généralement les mesures sismiques en mer, dans lesquelles une batterie de lignes porteuses de capteurs acoustiques est touée à la poupe d'un navire. Chacune des lignes comprend un déflecteur en avant des capteurs, qui est une aile immergée et verticale qui subit une portance transversale et maintient la ligne à côté du sillage du navire, et un flotteur auquel le déflecteur est suspendu et dont le but est d'empêcher la ligne de s'enfoncer sous le poids du déflecteur.This invention relates to a float line affected, the scope of which is generally seismic measurements at sea, in which a battery of sensor carrying lines is touched at the stern of a ship. Each lines includes a deflector in front of sensors, which is a submerged and vertical wing which undergoes a transverse lift and maintains the line at side of the ship's wake, and a float at which the deflector is suspended and whose purpose is to prevent the line to sink under the weight of the deflector.
Les flotteurs doivent être peu sensibles aux perturbations que leur inflige notamment la houle. On regrette à ce sujet que les flotteurs connus oscillent trop facilement en direction verticale suivant les mouvements de la houle. La ligne de suspension du déflecteur au flotteur est soumise à des surtensions périodiques qui peuvent finir par la rompre par fatigue ou créer des dommages aux points d'attache, et la qualité des mesures peut aussi être perturbée. Le flotteur qui sera décrit plus loin remédie à cet inconvénient tout en possédant une bonne stabilité de route, surtout dans sa meilleure réalisation.The floats must be insensitive to the disturbances inflicted on them in particular by the swell. We regret on this subject that the known floats oscillate too easily in vertical direction following the movements of the swell. The line of suspension of the deflector on the float is subject to periodic surges that can end up breaking it by fatigue or creating damage to attachment points, and the quality of the measurements can also be disturbed. The float which will be described later remedies this disadvantage while having good stability of road, especially in its best achievement.
Les flotteurs connus (tels celui des US-A-4 549 499) ont une forme fuselée, renflée au centre et s'effilant progressivement vers les extrémités. Un autre art antérieur est décrit dans US 3 760 761. Le flotteur conforme à l'invention définie par les revendications comprend une portion horizontale de corps flottant dont la forme est également sensiblement fuselée, mais aussi une portion supérieure de corps flottant, s'étendant de la portion horizontale vers le haut et pouvant présenter des sections droites horizontales sensiblement uniformes ; de plus, la portion horizontale est immergée complètement et la portion supérieure est partiellement émergée quand le flotteur soutient la ligne, ou un élément pesant de celle-ci.Known floats (such as that of US-A-4 549 499) have a tapered shape, swollen in the center and tapering gradually towards the ends. A another prior art is described in US 3,760,761. float according to the invention defined by claims includes a horizontal portion of floating body of which the shape is also noticeably tapered, but also an upper portion of floating body, extending from the horizontal portion upwards and being able have horizontal cross sections substantially uniform; moreover, the portion horizontal is completely submerged and the portion upper part is partially emerged when the float supports the line, or a heavy element thereof.
Le mouvement vertical de la houle se traduit donc surtout par une variation de l'immersion de la portion supérieure sans exercer de force notable sur le flotteur à cause de l'uniformité de sa section et du peu de variation du volume immergé : le mouvement vertical oscillant du flotteur et de sa charge n'a donc pas l'occasion d'apparaítre à grande amplitude.The vertical movement of the swell is therefore mainly translated by a variation of immersion of the upper portion without exerting any noticeable force on the float because of the uniformity of its section and the little variation of the submerged volume: the movement vertical oscillating float and its load therefore not the opportunity to appear on a large scale.
La stabilité est encore meilleure si la portion supérieure s'élève en arrière de la portion horizontale, et surtout si l'organe de suspension du déflecteur est situé en avant de la portion supérieure.Stability is even better if the upper portion rises behind the portion horizontal, and especially if the suspension member of the deflector is located in front of the upper portion.
Si cet organe de suspension comprend une unique articulation d'axe transversal, le flotteur est retenu contre les mouvements de roulis et revient plus facilement en place.If this suspension device includes a single transverse axis joint, the float is restrained against rolling movements and returns more easily in place.
La tenue de route du flotteur est améliorée si sa portion horizontale est plus large que haute, ce qui permet de diminuer sa surface projetée latérale, donc les efforts perturbateurs latéraux.The handling of the float is improved if its horizontal portion is wider than it is tall, which reduces its lateral projected surface, therefore the lateral disturbing forces.
L'invention va maintenant être décrite à l'aide des figures suivantes qui en représentent une réalisation :
- La figure 1 est une vue de côté du flotteur,
- La figure 2 est une vue de dessus du flotteur,
- Et la figure 3 est une coupe du flotteur à travers la ligne III-III.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of the float,
- FIG. 2 is a top view of the float,
- And Figure 3 is a section of the float across line III-III.
Une partie de ligne touée pour mesures
sismiques est représentée à la figure 1. Elle comprend,
d'un côté et de l'autre d'un déflecteur 1 immergé, une
portion de ligne avant 2 accrochée à un navire situé à
gauche et une portion de ligne arrière 3 à laquelle
sont accrochés des capteurs situés à droite (hors de la
figure). De plus, une dérivation 4 de ligne relie les
portions avant et arrière 2 et 3 en contournant le
déflecteur 1, et sert à la transmission du signal des
capteurs vers le navire. Le déflecteur 1 est maintenu à
une profondeur sensiblement constante grâce à un
flotteur 5, caractéristique de l'invention, l'empêchant
de s'abímer auquel il est suspendu par un câble ou une
chaíne 18.Part of line touched for measurements
is shown in Figure 1. It includes,
on one side and on the other of a submerged
Le flotteur 5 comprend une portion
horizontale et inférieure de corps flottant appelée ici
fuseau 6 et une portion verticale supérieure de corps
flottant appelée jambe 7. Le fuseau 6 présente : une
portion avant 8 destinée à favoriser la pénétration
dans l'eau et qui s'effile donc vers l'avant, jusqu'à
un bout 9 arrondi ; une portion médiane 10 de section
sensiblement uniforme ; et une portion arrière 11
s'amenuisant vers l'arrière, une surface de fond 12 du
fuseau 6 subissant à cet endroit un décrochement
ascendant 13 pour fuir vers le haut et former une
concavité de logement d'un aileron 14 vertical ;
d'autres ailerons, horizontaux, 15 sont placés sur les
côtés du fuseau 6. Les ailerons horizontaux 15 sont
désavantageux en ce qu'ils augmentent l'encombrement
transversal du flotteur 5, mais on pourra les rendre
amovibles ou rétractiles pour les escamoter quand le
flotteur 5 sera rangé à bord du navire. Il est
avantageux que les sections droites du fuseau 6 soient
sensiblement rectangulaires et que ses faces soient
limitées par des arêtes 24 formant presque des angles
vifs, comme l'illustre la figure 3. De préférence, le
fond 12 est plat sur une grande partie de la longueur,
notamment sous la partie médiane 10, et la surface
supérieure du fuseau 6 forme un pont supérieur plat 16
à l'endroit de la partie médiane 10 et de la partie
arrière 11.The float 5 includes a portion
horizontal and lower floating body called here
La jambe 7 est avantageusement à l'arrière
du fuseau 6 et s'étend sensiblement sur la moitié de sa
longueur, sensiblement sur toute la partie arrière 11
et sur la moitié de la partie médiane 10. Un organe de
suspension 17 du déflecteur 1 par la chaíne 18 est
accroché au fond 12, et comprend une bride 19 fixée au
fuseau 6, une bielle 20 reliée à la chaíne 18 et une
articulation 25 d'axe transversal entre elles, qui
permet donc à la bielle 20 d'osciller d'avant en
arrière mais pas latéralement, si bien que le
déflecteur 1 contribue à stabiliser le flotteur 5
contre les mouvements de roulis en restreignant sa
rotation autour de l'axe longitudinal. Une chaíne de
sûreté 26 pourrait encore unir le déflecteur 1 à la
bride 19 et soutenir celui-là si l'organe de suspension
17 se rompait. La bielle 20 peut comprendre un
absorbeur de chocs. The
La jambe 7 est, sensiblement, à demi
immergée sous la surface E de l'eau et comprend une
portion avant 21 arrondie en demi-cylindre pour
favoriser la pénétration, et une portion arrière 22
formée de deux pans se rejoignant en une arête 23
située à l'arrière. La jambe 7 est lisse, avec des
sections droites horizontales sensiblement identiques,
afin de limiter les forces produites par les mouvements
verticaux de la houle.
Le principe mécanique recherché consiste
plus généralement à rendre la fréquence propre de
pilonnement (mouvement oscillatoire vertical) du
flotteur 5 proche d'une valeur où les mouvements de la
houle n'exercent qu'un effort minimal, ce qui atténue
les efforts sur l'organe de suspension 17. Les
dimensions du fuseau 6 et la section de la jambe 7
peuvent être choisies en conséquence, en fonction de
résultats de simulations numériques ou d'essais en
bassin. On a cependant observé qu'un résultat favorable
était plus facilement atteint si le fond 12 et le pont
16 étaient plats et relativement proches l'un de
l'autre, ce qui justifie la forme plus large que haute
du fuseau 6. On cherche aussi à accroítre les
frottements produits par le mouvement vertical de l'eau
pour amortir les oscillations du flotteur 5 ; les
angles presque vifs aux arêtes 24 du fuseau 6, de même
que les ailerons horizontaux 15, donnent ce résultat en
favorisant des tourbillons.The mechanical principle sought consists of
more generally to make the natural frequency of
heaving (vertical oscillating movement) of the
float 5 close to a value where the movements of the
swell exerts only minimal effort, which reduces
the efforts on the
D'autres considérations concernent la
stabilisation du mouvement d'avance du flotteur 5. Il
est habituel de l'améliorer en pourvoyant les flotteurs
d'appendices, qui peuvent cependant augmenter la force
de traínée et les allonger vers l'arrière. de tels
appendices sont inutiles ici, où la jambe 7 fait office
de gouvernail, l'aileron vertical 14 ayant le même
effet s'il est ajouté. La jambe 7 est au mieux disposée
à l'arrière du fuseau 6, et la bride 19 aussi à l'avant
qu'on le peut sans rompre l'équilibre du flotteur 5,
devant la jambe 7 ou du moins la plus grande partie de
celle-ci. Le centre de carène du flotteur 5 doit être
avancé et son centre de gravité reculé. L'aplatissement
du fuseau 6 et la réduction de sa surface latérale qui
en résulte est aussi bénéfique en cela, puisque les
perturbations latérales produites par l'eau seront
réduites.Other considerations concern the
stabilization of the advance movement of the float 5. It
is usual to improve it by providing the floats
appendages, which can however increase the strength
drag and extend them backwards. such
appendages are useless here, where
D'une façon générale, on préfère ne pas placer de lest dans le flotteur 5, ce qui pourrait le rendre plus stable mais augmenterait sa masse et son déplacement.In general, we prefer not to place ballast in float 5, which could make it more stable but would increase its mass and displacement.
Claims (10)
- Float (5) for a towed line, comprising a horizontal portion (6; 8, 10, 11) with a substantially fuselage shape, characterized in that it comprises an upper portion (7), extending upwards from the horizontal portion and in that the horizontal portion is completely submerged, and the upper portion is partly emerged, when the float supports an element (1) of the line.
- Float according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper portion (7) rises at the rear of the horizontal portion (6).
- Float according to claim 2, characterized in that a suspension element (19) of a portion (1) of the line, located under the horizontal portion, is also positioned in front of at least the greater part of the upper portion (7).
- Float according to claim 3, characterized in that the suspension element (19) comprises a single articulation (25), which has a transverse axis.
- Float according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the horizontal portion (6) is wider than it is high.
- Float according to claim 5, characterized in that the horizontal portion has a base (12) and an upper deck (16), both partially flat.
- Float according to claim 6, characterized in that the horizontal portion has straight rectangular cross-sections.
- Float according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a base with a rising step (13) at the rear, vertical fins (14) being housed in the step.
- Float according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises horizontal fins (15) on the horizontal portion (6).
- Float according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the upper portion (7) has substantially uniform horizontal straight-sections.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9909249A FR2796360B1 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 1999-07-16 | TOUEE LINE FLOAT |
| FR9909249 | 1999-07-16 | ||
| PCT/FR2000/002030 WO2001005648A1 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 2000-07-13 | Towed line floater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1196319A1 EP1196319A1 (en) | 2002-04-17 |
| EP1196319B1 true EP1196319B1 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
Family
ID=9548180
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00951673A Expired - Lifetime EP1196319B1 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 2000-07-13 | Towed line floater |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6755144B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1196319B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU779891B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2379248A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2796360B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2369093B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20020199L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001005648A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7457193B2 (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2008-11-25 | Pgs Geophysical As | Seismic source and source array having depth-control and steering capability |
| US8570829B2 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2013-10-29 | Pgs Geophysical As | Depth steerable seismic source array |
| US9341730B2 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2016-05-17 | Cgg Services Sa | Steering submersible float for seismic sources and related methods |
| NO335660B1 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2015-01-19 | Ulmatec Baro As | A marine geophysical deflector for towing seismic arrays |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS556555B2 (en) * | 1971-12-02 | 1980-02-18 | ||
| GB2031361B (en) * | 1978-10-14 | 1982-10-27 | Plessey Co Ltd | Hydrodynamic devices |
| US4549499A (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1985-10-29 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Floatation apparatus for marine seismic exploration |
| US4729333A (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1988-03-08 | Exxon Production Research Company | Remotely-controllable paravane |
| NO301445B1 (en) * | 1994-07-13 | 1997-10-27 | Petroleum Geo Services As | Towing device |
| US5829184A (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 1998-11-03 | Studanski; Richard R. | Zigzag aquatic device and method |
-
1999
- 1999-07-16 FR FR9909249A patent/FR2796360B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-07-13 EP EP00951673A patent/EP1196319B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-13 US US10/031,040 patent/US6755144B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-13 WO PCT/FR2000/002030 patent/WO2001005648A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-07-13 AU AU64534/00A patent/AU779891B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-07-13 CA CA002379248A patent/CA2379248A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-07-13 GB GB0200570A patent/GB2369093B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-01-14 NO NO20020199A patent/NO20020199L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO20020199D0 (en) | 2002-01-14 |
| GB0200570D0 (en) | 2002-02-27 |
| AU779891B2 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
| FR2796360A1 (en) | 2001-01-19 |
| WO2001005648A1 (en) | 2001-01-25 |
| NO20020199L (en) | 2002-03-15 |
| GB2369093B (en) | 2003-06-18 |
| AU6453400A (en) | 2001-02-05 |
| FR2796360B1 (en) | 2001-09-07 |
| EP1196319A1 (en) | 2002-04-17 |
| CA2379248A1 (en) | 2001-01-25 |
| GB2369093A (en) | 2002-05-22 |
| US6755144B1 (en) | 2004-06-29 |
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