EP0446110B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von gebleichtem Zellstoff mit hoher Ausbeute - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von gebleichtem Zellstoff mit hoher Ausbeute Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0446110B1 EP0446110B1 EP91400567A EP91400567A EP0446110B1 EP 0446110 B1 EP0446110 B1 EP 0446110B1 EP 91400567 A EP91400567 A EP 91400567A EP 91400567 A EP91400567 A EP 91400567A EP 0446110 B1 EP0446110 B1 EP 0446110B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sulphite
- sodium
- process according
- reducing agent
- aid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- -1 sulphite ion Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RYYXDZDBXNUPOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazole-2,6-diamine;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C1C(N)CCC2=C1SC(N)=N2 RYYXDZDBXNUPOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- SNXYIOIMZXSIDC-UHFFFAOYSA-A hexadecasodium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O SNXYIOIMZXSIDC-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010269 sulphur dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithionous acid Chemical compound OS(=O)S(O)=O GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004291 sulphur dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 20
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- XQIMLPCOVYNASM-UHFFFAOYSA-N borole Chemical compound B1C=CC=C1 XQIMLPCOVYNASM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-L dithionite(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015927 pasta Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102100031260 Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase THEM4 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101000638510 Homo sapiens Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase THEM4 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015250 liver sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 2
- RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-IEBWSBKVSA-N (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl (1s,3s)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@@H]1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-IEBWSBKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYYSPVRERVXMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-difluorocyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound FC1(F)CCC(=O)CC1 NYYSPVRERVXMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001080024 Telles Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014366 other mixer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004289 sodium hydrogen sulphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1026—Other features in bleaching processes
- D21C9/1042—Use of chelating agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1057—Multistage, with compounds cited in more than one sub-group D21C9/10, D21C9/12, D21C9/16
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1084—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with reducing compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/16—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds
- D21C9/163—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds with peroxides
Definitions
- High-yield pulps are produced by subjecting the starting lignocellulosic material, such as wood in the form of chips, to an adion of the mechanical type, combined or not with actions of the chemical and thermal type.
- the bleached pulp obtained has a white degree equal to 84.7%.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Noodles (AREA)
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zellstoffen mit hoher Ausbeute, die mit Hilfe von Wasserstoffperoxid in alkalischem Medium gebleicht sind, das darin besteht, den zu bleichenden Zellstoff nacheinander:· einer Vorbehandlung mit Hilfe eines Mittels zur Maskierung der Metallionen mit nachfolgendem Waschen,· einer Behandlung durch das Sulfit und ein elektronegativeres Reduktionsmittel als das Sulfition, die zusammen und im Medium eines Anfangs-pH-Wertes von 7 bis 12,5 wirken, mit nachfolgendem Waschen zur Beseitigung der Sulfit- und Reduktionsmittelionen,· einer Bleichbehandlung mit Hilfe von Wasserstoffperoxid in alkalischem Medium zu unterwerfen,dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Bleichbehandlung in der Abwesenheit von Natriumsilikat durchgeführt wird. - Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Maskiermittel unter dem Natriumtripolyphosphat, dem Natriumtetrapyrophosphat, den Natriumsalzen der Essig-, Nitriltriessig-, Ethylendiamin-tetraessig- und Diethylentriaminpentaessigsäure gewählt wird. - Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vorbehandlung bei einer Temperatur zwischen 20 °C und 100 °C und einer Konsistenz zwischen 5 % und 50 % mit Hilfe einer Maskiermittelmenge zwischen 0,1 % und 1 % durchgeführt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Sulfit und das elektronegativere Reduktionsmittel als das Sulfition zusammen bei einer Temperatur zwischen 20 °C und 200 °C wirken. - Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Temperatur, bei der das Sulfit und das Reduktionsmittel gemeinsam wirken, zwischen 60 °C und 140 °C liegt. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Sulfitmenge, als Schwefeldioxid ausgedrückt, zwischen 0,5 % und 6 % liegt. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das elektronegativere Reduktionsmittel als das Sulfition unter dem Thioharnstoffdioxid, dem Natriumhydrosulfit und dem Natriumborhydrid gewählt wird. - Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Menge von mit dem Sulfit anwesendem Thioharnstoffdioxid oder Hydrosulfit zwischen 0,1 % und 5 % liegt. - Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die im Sulfit anwesende Natriumborhydridmenge zwischen 0,01 % und 0,5 % liegt. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Bleichen mit Hilfe von Wasserstoffperoxid in alkalischem Medium mit einer Menge des Peroxids zwischen 0,5 % und 10 %, bei einem pH-Wert zwischen 9 und 11, einer Temperatur zwischen 40 °C und 100 °C und einer Konsistenz zwischen 10 % und 30 % durchgeführt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9003128A FR2659363B1 (fr) | 1990-03-07 | 1990-03-07 | Procede de preparation de pates a haut rendement blanchies. |
| FR9003128 | 1990-03-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0446110A1 EP0446110A1 (de) | 1991-09-11 |
| EP0446110B1 true EP0446110B1 (de) | 1995-07-12 |
Family
ID=9394633
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91400567A Expired - Lifetime EP0446110B1 (de) | 1990-03-07 | 1991-03-01 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von gebleichtem Zellstoff mit hoher Ausbeute |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5143581A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0446110B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH0660474B2 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE125013T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU641478B2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2037678C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69111098T2 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2074670T3 (de) |
| FI (1) | FI98840C (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2659363B1 (de) |
| NO (1) | NO178899C (de) |
| NZ (1) | NZ237310A (de) |
| PT (1) | PT96951B (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2639371B1 (fr) * | 1988-11-24 | 1995-04-14 | Atochem | Procede de blanchiment de pates desencrees |
| BE1004630A3 (fr) * | 1990-10-17 | 1992-12-22 | Interox Internat Sa | Procede pour la preservation des caracteristiques de resistance mecanique des pates a papier chimiques. |
| FR2675518B1 (fr) * | 1991-04-17 | 1996-10-18 | Atochem | Procede de preparation de pate a papier a haut rendement et blanchie, a partir de copeaux de bois. |
| US6398908B1 (en) | 1991-04-30 | 2002-06-04 | Eka Nobel Ab | Process for acid bleaching of lignocellulose-containing pulp with a magnesium compound |
| SE502667C2 (sv) * | 1993-07-12 | 1995-12-04 | Kvaerner Pulping Tech | Behandling av fibermaterial med komplexbildare före kokning |
| AU1357097A (en) * | 1996-02-27 | 1997-09-16 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Sa | Process for sanitizing post-consumer paper fibers and product formed therefrom |
| DE10064131C2 (de) * | 2000-12-22 | 2003-03-27 | Sca Hygiene Prod Gmbh | Vollgebleichter Sulfit-Zellstoff, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und daraus hergestellte Produkte |
| US7297225B2 (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2007-11-20 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Process for high temperature peroxide bleaching of pulp with cool discharge |
| US8138106B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2012-03-20 | Rayonier Trs Holdings Inc. | Cellulosic fibers with odor control characteristics |
| US11591751B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2023-02-28 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | High efficiency fiber bleaching process |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2604197B1 (fr) * | 1986-09-23 | 1988-11-18 | Atochem | Procede de blanchiment de matieres lignocellulosiques. |
| FR2613388B1 (fr) * | 1987-04-02 | 1990-05-04 | Atochem | Procede de blanchiment de pates |
| FR2615874B1 (fr) * | 1987-05-25 | 1992-02-21 | Atochem | Procede de preparation de pates chimicothermomecaniques |
| JPH0197291A (ja) * | 1987-10-05 | 1989-04-14 | Fmc Corp | 機械パルプの漂白方法 |
| JPH0677245B2 (ja) * | 1988-08-11 | 1994-09-28 | 株式会社日立製作所 | キャッシュ制御方法および情報処理システム |
-
1990
- 1990-03-07 FR FR9003128A patent/FR2659363B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-03-01 ES ES91400567T patent/ES2074670T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-01 AT AT91400567T patent/ATE125013T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-01 DE DE69111098T patent/DE69111098T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-01 EP EP91400567A patent/EP0446110B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-05 NZ NZ237310A patent/NZ237310A/en unknown
- 1991-03-05 NO NO910865A patent/NO178899C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-06 FI FI911118A patent/FI98840C/fi active
- 1991-03-06 PT PT96951A patent/PT96951B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-06 US US07/665,531 patent/US5143581A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-06 AU AU72668/91A patent/AU641478B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-03-06 CA CA002037678A patent/CA2037678C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-07 JP JP3067978A patent/JPH0660474B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO910865L (no) | 1991-09-09 |
| NO910865D0 (no) | 1991-03-05 |
| JPH04214491A (ja) | 1992-08-05 |
| US5143581A (en) | 1992-09-01 |
| NO178899B (no) | 1996-03-18 |
| PT96951B (pt) | 1998-10-30 |
| CA2037678C (fr) | 1999-11-16 |
| FI98840B (fi) | 1997-05-15 |
| PT96951A (pt) | 1991-10-31 |
| EP0446110A1 (de) | 1991-09-11 |
| NZ237310A (en) | 1993-07-27 |
| FI98840C (fi) | 1997-08-25 |
| FR2659363B1 (fr) | 1996-04-19 |
| DE69111098T2 (de) | 1995-11-23 |
| FI911118A0 (fi) | 1991-03-06 |
| JPH0660474B2 (ja) | 1994-08-10 |
| ATE125013T1 (de) | 1995-07-15 |
| AU7266891A (en) | 1991-09-12 |
| CA2037678A1 (fr) | 1991-09-08 |
| FR2659363A1 (fr) | 1991-09-13 |
| ES2074670T3 (es) | 1995-09-16 |
| FI911118A (fi) | 1991-09-08 |
| AU641478B2 (en) | 1993-09-23 |
| DE69111098D1 (de) | 1995-08-17 |
| NO178899C (no) | 1996-06-26 |
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| BE1010880A3 (fr) | Procede de fabrication de pate a papier chimique. | |
| BE1011129A4 (fr) | Procede continu de delignification et/ou de blanchiment de pate a papier chimique vierge ou recyclee. | |
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