EP0445413B1 - Brûleur avec recirculation des gaz d'échappement, notamment brûleur à air soufflé - Google Patents

Brûleur avec recirculation des gaz d'échappement, notamment brûleur à air soufflé Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0445413B1
EP0445413B1 EP90124923A EP90124923A EP0445413B1 EP 0445413 B1 EP0445413 B1 EP 0445413B1 EP 90124923 A EP90124923 A EP 90124923A EP 90124923 A EP90124923 A EP 90124923A EP 0445413 B1 EP0445413 B1 EP 0445413B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
exhaust gas
converter element
burner according
gas recycling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90124923A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0445413A3 (en
EP0445413A2 (fr
Inventor
Detlef Dipl.-Ing. Bohmann
Heinz-Peter Dipl.-Ing. Schricks
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Klockner Warmetechnik Zweigniederlassung Hechingen GmbH
Original Assignee
Klockner Warmetechnik Zweigniederlassung Hechingen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Klockner Warmetechnik Zweigniederlassung Hechingen GmbH filed Critical Klockner Warmetechnik Zweigniederlassung Hechingen GmbH
Priority to AT90124923T priority Critical patent/ATE94969T1/de
Publication of EP0445413A2 publication Critical patent/EP0445413A2/fr
Publication of EP0445413A3 publication Critical patent/EP0445413A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0445413B1 publication Critical patent/EP0445413B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/06—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner, in particular forced draft burner, for boilers, combustion plants or the like, with an air supply device, a fuel supply device introducing liquid or gaseous fuel, a flame device immersing in a combustion chamber and forming the burner flame, and a part of the exhaust gases formed during the combustion exhaust gas recirculation duct returning to the air supply device.
  • a burner in particular forced draft burner, for boilers, combustion plants or the like, with an air supply device, a fuel supply device introducing liquid or gaseous fuel, a flame device immersing in a combustion chamber and forming the burner flame, and a part of the exhaust gases formed during the combustion exhaust gas recirculation duct returning to the air supply device.
  • a burner is known from document EP-A-0 226 534.
  • An object of the present invention is to use maintenance-free means to prevent such solid particles from reaching the burner with the recirculated exhaust gases.
  • this object is achieved in that a converter element converting solid particles into gaseous components is provided in the boiler-side connection area of the exhaust gas recirculation duct.
  • the solid particles are converted in the converter element so that no residues remain in the converter element. This leads to a long, maintenance-free service life.
  • Another advantage is that the pore size or the passage openings in the converter element can be larger than the diameter of the solid particles, so that in contrast to filters lower flow resistance and thus a smaller size can be achieved.
  • a particularly simple and inexpensive embodiment is achieved in that the converter element, which essentially covers the entire cross section of the exhaust gas recirculation duct, is filter-like and permeable to heat, at least up to a temperature of 800.degree.
  • This converter element is arranged at a point in the exhaust gas recirculation duct which is at a temperature of essentially 400-600 ° C. during operation of the burner. At this temperature, which is then automatically reached during operation, the soot and dust particles burn into gaseous constituents, especially if they come into contact with the hot walls when passing through the filter-like channel structure of the converter element.
  • the exhaust gas recirculation duct is expediently connected to the combustion chamber or to the downstream exhaust duct system.
  • the converter element can be particularly inexpensive, durable and heat-resistant, preferably made of porous ceramic material Alumina.
  • the converter element can also consist of a porous, metallic pressed or sintered body or of a metal mesh, a low flow resistance being achieved in that the pore size of the converter element is larger than the average diameter of dust and soot particles.
  • the exhaust gas recirculation channel opens into the air supply device of the burner, preferably on the suction side, so that particularly good mixing with the intake air is achieved.
  • the exhaust gas recirculation channel can also open on the pressure side in the manner of an injector in the air supply device of the burner.
  • the flame device has a flame tube which is at least double-walled outside the combustion chamber, the ring-shaped converter element being arranged in the region forming the exhaust gas recirculation channel between the double walls.
  • a region of the exhaust gas recirculation duct having a temperature above the dew point temperature of the exhaust gases during operation of the burner is provided with at least one supply opening for outside air in order to reduce the dew point temperature to a low value which is not fallen below in the burner.
  • a schematically illustrated heating boiler 10 contains one Combustion chamber 11, from which the exhaust gases generated during operation can be fed to a chimney (not shown) via an exhaust gas duct system 12. Both in the combustion chamber 11 and in the exhaust duct system 12, the walls heat up during operation, as a result of which, for example, the water of a heating system is heated in a manner not shown.
  • a boiler it can also be a waste incinerator or the like. act.
  • a fan burner 13 again only shown schematically, has a flame tube 14 on the output side, which projects into the combustion chamber 11 through a corresponding opening.
  • the passage of the flame tube 14 is usually designed as a holding device for the forced draft burner 13. This has not been shown to simplify FIG. 1.
  • a fuel feed line 15 runs from the fan burner 13 within the flame tube 14 to the end region of the flame tube 14 on the combustion chamber side.
  • a distributor nozzle 16 is arranged at the end of the fuel feed line 15.
  • a fan 17 arranged inside the fan burner 13 draws in outside air and blows it through the flame tube 14 into the combustion chamber 11.
  • Gaseous or liquid fuel for example natural gas or heating oil
  • Pump pumped through the fuel supply line 15 to the distributor nozzle 16, which generates a conical fuel jet into the combustion chamber 11.
  • This mixes with the outside air supplied through the flame tube 14 and produces a combustible mixture which is ignited electrically via a known ignition device (not shown), as a result of which a flame 18 is formed.
  • a baffle plate 19 in the combustion chamber end region of the flame tube 14 supports the desired formation of the flame 18. Since such boilers and forced draft burners are known in many ways, a more detailed description can be dispensed with.
  • a tubular exhaust gas recirculation duct 20 runs to the suction side of the fan 17. As a result, part of the exhaust gases generated is returned to the fan burner 13 and thus subjected to the combustion process again in order to improve the exhaust gas quality.
  • a converter element 21 for converting sucked-in solid particles, such as soot or dust, into gaseous constituents is arranged in the exhaust duct-side inlet region of the exhaust gas recirculation duct 20.
  • This converter element consists of a porous ceramic material, such as aluminum oxide (Al2O3).
  • Al2O3 aluminum oxide
  • the exhaust gases can pass through with low flow resistance, since the Pore size exceeds the average diameter of dust and soot particles. Since this converter element 21 is arranged directly on the exhaust gas duct system, that is to say on the boiler, it is heated to 400-600 ° C. by the exhaust gases.
  • the solid particles contained in the exhaust gas flow are passed through the channel system of the porous ceramic material and come into multiple contact with the hot wall, so that they are burned into gaseous components. On the one hand, you can no longer get to the fan burner 13 and contaminate it, but they also do not remain in the converter element 21, so that it remains maintenance-free.
  • the high operating temperature of 400-600 ° C. is essential on the converter element 21, so that the converter element 21 should be heat-resistant at least up to a temperature of approximately 800 ° C.
  • the porous or filter-like permeable structure is also essential.
  • the converter element 21 can also consist of a porous, metallic pressed or sintered body or else of a compressed, e.g. pressed metal braid.
  • the exhaust gas recirculation duct 20 has an opening 22 which is connected to the surroundings and through which outside air can flow or is sucked into the exhaust gas recirculation duct 20.
  • the opening 22 is provided with a flow guide element 23.
  • the hot exhaust gases usually have a dew point of 50 - 60 ° C.
  • They When they reach the fan burner 13, they are cooled down there so far that their temperature drops below the dew point, so that water condenses out. This water undesirably causes corrosion in the warm forced draft burner 13. Such condensation is prevented through the opening 22.
  • the inflowing outside air with a low moisture content is introduced at a point where the exhaust gases are still at a temperature above the dew point, that is, at a point where no condensation can yet occur.
  • the dew point By adding dry outside air, the dew point is lowered to approx. 30-40 ° C., the dew point being set in such a way that the exhaust gases do not drop below the dew point even in the fan burner 13. This danger does not exist at a dew point of 30-40 ° C.
  • the opening 22 is designed to be adjustable in order to set the dew point, that is to say to set the admixing rate. This can be done, for example, by pivoting the flow guiding element 23, by means of a sliding sleeve or another closure element.
  • the dew point can preferably also be regulated, that is to say the opening cross section 22 is set depending on the exhaust gas temperature in the fan burner 13 so that the dew point is slightly below the exhaust gas temperature in the fan burner 13.
  • the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 largely corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment, so that the forced draft burner 13 and the flame tube 14 are again shown in simplified form.
  • An exhaust gas recirculation channel 25 now runs from the combustion chamber 11 to the forced draft burner 13.
  • the suction point in the combustion chamber 11 is located next to the passage opening for the flame tube 14, so that swirled exhaust gases at the flame attachment can reach the exhaust gas recirculation channel 25 and thus to the converter element 21 at its intake opening.
  • the exhaust gas recirculation channel 25 has an interrupted ring opening 26, which in turn is provided with a flow guiding element 27.
  • This flow guide element 27 can also be omitted in a simple embodiment. It is also possible to provide several openings in a staggered manner, which in turn are optionally provided with setting options, e.g. with a sliding tube that more or less closes these openings depending on their position.
  • this supply can also take place on the pressure side, for example in a manner not shown in the flame tube 14.
  • the outlet-side mouth of the exhaust gas recirculation duct 20 or 23 is designed in this case in the manner of an injector, so that the exhaust gases as a result of the flow of the air blown into the air stream be drawn in.
  • the flame tube 30 has an inner tube wall 31 and an outer tube wall 32.
  • the fuel supply line 15 runs with the distributor nozzle 16 and the air flow of the forced-air burner 13 is guided.
  • the intermediate area between the inner tube wall 31 and the outer tube wall 32 is designed as an exhaust gas recirculation channel 33.
  • An annular converter element 34 is located at the breakthrough point through the boiler wall of the boiler 10 between the inner tube wall 31 and the outer tube wall 32, so that exhaust gases in the annular area around the inner tube wall 31 into the exhaust gas recirculation channel 33 are sucked in.
  • the inner tube wall 31 projects into the combustion chamber 11.
  • annular opening 35 in the outer tube wall 32 serves to draw in outside air in the manner and for the purpose described above.
  • annular flow guide element 36 is again provided at the ring opening 35.
  • the recirculated exhaust gases can be fed to the forced draft burner 13 either on the suction side or on the pressure side. If a pressure-side feed is provided, openings in the inner tube wall 31 with injector-like elements pointing inwards are sufficient.
  • the explanations for the converter element 21 of the first exemplary embodiment also apply mutatis mutandis to the other exemplary embodiments.
  • these openings or ring openings can be provided at any point in the exhaust gas recirculation duct, the only important thing being that the exhaust gas temperature at this point is not below the dew point at that point.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Brûleur, en particulier brûleur à air soufflé, pour chaudière de chauffage, dispositifs de combustion ou similaire, comprenant un dispositif d'alimentation en air (17), un dispositif d'alimentation en combustible (15) amenant un combustible liquide ou gazeux, un dispositif de flamme (14) formant la flamme du brûleur et pénétrant dans une chambre de combustion (11) et un canal de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (20) faisant recirculer, en direction du dispositif d'alimentation en air, une partie des gaz d'échappement formés lors de la combustion, caractérisé en ce qu'est prévu un élément convertisseur (21 ; 34) convertissant les particules solides en composants gazeux, dans la zone de raccordement du canal de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (20 ; 25 ; 33) située du côté de la chaudière.
  2. Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le canal de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (20 ; 25 ; 33) est raccordé à la chambre de combustion (11) ou au réseau de canaux pour gaz d'échappement (12) situé en aval.
  3. Brûleur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément convertisseur (21 ; 34) recouvrant sensiblement toute la section transversale du canal de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (20 ; 25 ; 33) est perméable à la façon d'un filtre et est conçu pour résister à une température allant jusqu'à 800°C.
  4. Brûleur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'élément convertisseur (21 ; 34) est disposé dans une zone du canal de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (20 ; 25 ; 33) dont la température, lors du fonctionnement du brûleur (13), est sensiblement de 400-600°C.
  5. Brûleur selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'élément convertisseur (21 ; 34) est constitué en céramique poreuse.
  6. Brûleur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la céramique est de l'oxyde d'aluminium.
  7. Brûleur selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'élément convertisseur (21 ; 34) est constitué d'un corps pressé ou fritté métallique et poreux.
  8. Brûleur selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'élément convertisseur (21 ; 34) est constitué d'un grillage métallique.
  9. Brûleur selon l'une des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'élément convertisseur (21 ; 34) présente une taille de pores produisant une faible résistance à l'écoulement et supérieure du diamètre moyen des particules de poussière et de suie.
  10. Brûleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le canal de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (20; 25; 33) débouche dans le dispositif d'alimentation en air du brûleur (13), du côté de l'aspiration.
  11. Brûleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le canal de recirculation des gaz d'échappement débouche dans le dispositif d'alimentation en air du brûleur (13), du côté du refoulement, comme un injecteur.
  12. Brûleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de flamme présente un tube-foyer (30) à double paroi, au moins à l'extérieur de la chambre de combustion (11), l'élément convertisseur (34) annulaire étant disposé dans la zone entre les doubles parois (31, 32) formant le canal de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (33).
  13. Brûleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une zone du canal de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (20; 25; 33) atteignant une température supérieure au point de condensation des gaz d'échappement, lors du fonctionnement du brûleur (13), présente au moins une ouverture d'entrée (22; 26; 35) pour l'air extérieur.
EP90124923A 1990-03-05 1990-12-20 Brûleur avec recirculation des gaz d'échappement, notamment brûleur à air soufflé Expired - Lifetime EP0445413B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90124923T ATE94969T1 (de) 1990-03-05 1990-12-20 Brenner mit abgasrueckfuehrung, insbesondere geblaesebrenner.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4006805A DE4006805A1 (de) 1990-03-05 1990-03-05 Brenner mit abgasrueckfuehrung, insbesondere geblaesebrenner
DE4006805 1990-03-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0445413A2 EP0445413A2 (fr) 1991-09-11
EP0445413A3 EP0445413A3 (en) 1992-02-26
EP0445413B1 true EP0445413B1 (fr) 1993-09-22

Family

ID=6401412

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90124923A Expired - Lifetime EP0445413B1 (fr) 1990-03-05 1990-12-20 Brûleur avec recirculation des gaz d'échappement, notamment brûleur à air soufflé

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0445413B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE94969T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4006805A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MX9404582A (es) * 1993-06-17 1995-01-31 Pvi Ind Inc Aparato calentador de agua con recirculacion pasiva de gases de lacombustion.
US6095792A (en) * 1998-08-21 2000-08-01 Texaco Inc. Flue gas recirculation system and method
EP2807427B1 (fr) * 2012-01-25 2016-07-27 Robert Bosch GmbH Appareil de chauffage à recirculation contrôlée des gaz de fumée
US9714774B2 (en) 2012-08-22 2017-07-25 Rheem Manufacturing Company Downfired high efficiency gas-fired water heater
CN210463001U (zh) * 2019-06-28 2020-05-05 浙江先创能源科技股份有限公司 一种低氮氧化物排放的燃烧器

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2056825A1 (de) * 1970-11-19 1972-05-31 Hergt M Kombinationsverfahren zur Reinhaltung der Luft, Abgasverwertung und Abgasführung, insbesondere für Ölheizungsanlagen
DE2365186A1 (de) * 1973-12-29 1975-07-10 Elco Oelbrennerwerk Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum russfreien verbrennen von fluessigen brennstoffen
EP0226534A1 (fr) * 1985-10-21 1987-06-24 Battelle Memorial Institute Procédé pour alimenter un brûleur d'une chaudière en un mélange comburant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0445413A3 (en) 1992-02-26
ATE94969T1 (de) 1993-10-15
DE4006805A1 (de) 1991-09-12
DE59002852D1 (de) 1993-10-28
EP0445413A2 (fr) 1991-09-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0139085B1 (fr) Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion des combustibles liquides ou gazeux avec diminution de la formation de NOx
EP0111874B1 (fr) Installation pour brûler la poussière de charbon
EP0164576B1 (fr) Brûleur industriel pour combustibles gazeux ou liquides
DE60105093T2 (de) Brennstoffverdünnungsverfahren und Vorrichtung zur NOx-Verminderung
DE2953010C2 (fr)
DE4319213C2 (de) Brenner zur motorunabhängigen Aufheizung eines im Abgasstrang eines Fahrzeugmotors angeordneten Katalysators
EP0445413B1 (fr) Brûleur avec recirculation des gaz d'échappement, notamment brûleur à air soufflé
DE2745756C3 (de) Verbrennungsofen
DE4008692C2 (de) Mischeinrichtung für Ölgebläsebrenner
DE3738622C1 (en) Heating furnace with equipment for recirculating flue gas
DE3738623C2 (de) Heizkessel mit Rauchgasrezirkulation
EP0445393B1 (fr) Brûleur avec récirculation des gaz d'échappement, notamment brûleur à air soufflé
DE3628293A1 (de) Heizkessel fuer die verbrennung fluessiger und/oder gasfoermiger brennstoffe
DE3737321C1 (de) Einrichtung zur Verbrennung von Schweroel
EP0078876A1 (fr) Procédé et appareil pour chauffer de l'air de combustion et de combustibles dans des installations de chauffage
DE2929715C2 (de) Warmluftofen für feste Brennstoffe
EP1286115A1 (fr) Installation de post-combustion thermique
AT400980B (de) Heizkessel
DE2548067A1 (de) Verbesserungen bei der abgasverwertung bei konverteranlagen bzw. bei anlagen zum frischen von metall
DE3327140A1 (de) Gasbrenner, insbesondere fuer fluessiggas, zum einbau in einen waermetauscher
EP0538684B1 (fr) Brûleur à l'émission réduite de polluants
DE4029715A1 (de) Fackelbrenner
DE4000532C1 (en) Fan burner for oil or carbon contg. gas - has partition of refractory, porous material to form air passages
DE3839861A1 (de) Heizanlage
DE3807214A1 (de) Brenner

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR IT LI

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR IT LI

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19920309

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930216

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR IT LI

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 94969

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19931015

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59002852

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19931028

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: GUZZI E RAVIZZA S.R.L.

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20021107

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20021111

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20021118

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20021119

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20030106

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20031220

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20031231

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20031231

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20031231

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: *KLOCKNER WARMETECHNIK G.M.B.H. ZWEIGNIEDERLASSUNG

Effective date: 20031231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040701

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20051220