EP0443329B1 - Baking oven - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an oven according to the preamble of claim 1.

In a known oven (DE-GM 80 30 718) a spring catch device is provided, in the closed position of a drawer-like horizontally displaceable oven door at the end of the sliding path of the push-pulls firmly connected to the oven door, a roller connected to a push train runs onto a spring-loaded latching roller and after resilient deflection of this locking roller locked behind the same, with the result that the oven door rests with a certain closing force on the muffle flange of the oven muffle. Here, the spring catch device causes braking over a relatively short path of approximately 1.5 cm the oven door moving into the closed position and locking the same. This has the consequence that during the braking and closing process and accordingly also during the opening process, relatively hard impacts are exerted on the oven door and on the food support directly connected to the oven door, as a result of which, for example, liquid food can spill over the edge of the food container. Furthermore, there is the problem that an inhibiting or braking effect on the oven door or its push pulls is only exerted shortly before the closed position, so that if used carelessly, there is a risk that the oven door is left in this slightly open position during oven operation, which means that heated air and fatty vapors can escape from the gap that remains.

The invention has for its object to avoid the above disadvantages and to enable a soft but safe closing and opening movement of the oven door.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the measures specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the following patent claims.

The presence of a link guide with a support element makes it possible, in particular, to set the start of the inhibiting or braking forces acting on the oven door or its push pulls, as well as the inhibiting or braking forces themselves, so that these forces act clearly before the oven door is in the closed position begin and a smooth, smooth closing movement is guaranteed. Esp. it is possible that if the oven door is not completely closed, it rolls back into the position in which the aforementioned forces begin to act on the oven door, so that the incomplete closing process can be clearly recognized. The same goes for opening the oven door. Here, too, the link guide can be designed in such a way that in order to open the oven door continuously increasing inhibiting forces have to be overcome in favor of a smooth and jerk-free movement of the oven door.

The invention is advantageously applicable to ovens of all types, regardless of the heating and of course also for microwave ovens.

Advantageous refinements of the invention result from the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing and described below.

Fig. 1

die Seitenansicht eines Backofens mit ausgeschnittenem Bereich zur Verdeutlichung der zum Verständnis der Erfindung wesentlichen Teile,

Fig. 2

eine Teil-Schnittansicht des Backofens anderer Ausführungsform,

Fig. 3 bis 8

unterschiedliche Varianten von Federrasteinrichtungen in schematischer Einzelteil-Darstellung.

Fig. 9 und 10

eine weitere Variante eines Backofens in Seitenansicht und vergrößert dargestellter Teilansicht,

Fig. 11

eine Teilansicht des Backofens gemäß Fig. 9 mit veränderter Anordnung der Kulissenführung.

It shows

Fig. 1

the side view of an oven with a cut-out area to illustrate the parts essential for understanding the invention,

Fig. 2

2 shows a partial sectional view of the baking oven of another embodiment,

3 to 8

different variants of spring catch devices in a schematic representation of individual parts.

9 and 10

another variant of an oven in side view and enlarged partial view,

Fig. 11

a partial view of the oven according to FIG. 9 with a modified arrangement of the link guide.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the oven is part of a so-called standing cooker 1, which has an oven muffle 2 in the interior of the oven housing, which is open to the front and is delimited there by an oven flange 2 '. Above the oven there is a switch panel 3 with, for example, electrical control elements 4 on the front of the oven. In general, 6 is a so-called baking cart, consisting of an oven door 7 standing vertically and sliding like a drawer, which has a handle 8 and hook-like holding elements 9 on the inside of the door for it has hookable food support 10. Rigidly connected to the oven door 7 are a couple of horizontal slide trains 11, each of which pushes into a housing-fixed sliding track 12 arranged below the oven muffle 2 and can be moved horizontally in a drawer-like manner from the open position shown into a closed position by means of roller guides, the oven door 7 moving with it supports its inside with pressure on the muffle flange 2 '. For this purpose, each push train 11 has a roller 13, while a support roller 14 is arranged in a stationary manner on each sliding track 12.

To lock the oven door 7 with sliding cables 11 in the closed position and to press them onto the muffle flange 2 ', a spring catch device is used, consisting of a link guide generally designated 15 in the form of a closing spring, which will be described below, and a support element in the form of a pair of rollers 16. The link guide 15 is arranged in a stationary manner in the sliding track 12, while the rollers 16 are fastened to at least one push pull 11 of the oven door 7. When the oven door 7 is moved into the closed position, the rollers 16 run onto the slotted parts 17 which open slightly and in the direction of the push-pull 11, and these brake the oven 6 with continuously increasing braking force until a maximum braking force has been overcome and the rollers 16 - as explained below - engage in a locking position in which the oven door 7 is pressed onto the muffle flange 2 'with a predetermined force.

Fig. 2 shows a slightly different geometric arrangement of the spring catch device. The figure shows the lower part of the oven muffle 2 with the food container 18 and underneath the rear part of a push-pull 11, which is essentially designed as a hollow profile and has the roller 13 at the end. A support element 20, on which the rollers 16 are rotatably mounted, is fastened to the lower limit 19 of the push-pull 11 which can be displaced in the direction of the arrow. At the level of these rollers 16, the link guide is arranged, the two link parts 17 being mounted on a pivot axis 21 fixed to the housing in a scissor-like manner and already being connected to the rollers 16 in the position shown. The two link parts 17 are pressed against one another in the direction of the rollers 16 by means of at least one spring 22. In this embodiment, the link guide is pivoted by 90 ° with respect to the arrangement of the link guide according to FIG. 1.

3 shows a spring catch device as a detail in plan view, only the parts essential for understanding the invention being shown. The two identical parts of the link 17a, which are arranged in mirror image to one another, are designed as two-armed levers and are pivotably mounted about individually assigned pivot axes 21. The longer lever arm of each link part 17a has two guide sections 23 and 24 which are inclined towards one another on both sides of a reversal point 25. As shown in particular by the dot-dash position of the link parts 17a shown in FIG. 3, the guide sections 23 of both link parts 17a initially run with a flat opening angle a and then essentially parallel to the reversal point 25, after which the guide section 24 is at a substantially steeper angle to the horizontal runs. On the shorter lever arm, the link parts 17a are suspended on springs 22 which press these lever arms in the direction of the arrow and the lever arms having the guide sections. 4, of course, there is also the possibility to arrange a single spring 22 between the shorter lever arms, whereby the same effect is achieved. When the baking cart 6 is moved into the closed position, the two freely rotatable rollers 16 run onto the guide sections 23 assigned to them, as a result of which the displacement movement is gently inhibited. This accretion takes place relatively early, namely when the oven door 7 (FIG. 1) is still a relatively large distance of approximately 80 mm from the muffle flange 2 '. When the baking trolley 6 is moved further in the direction of the closed position, the rollers 16 roll on the associated guide sections until the reversal points 25 are reached, after which, due to the force of the springs 22, the rollers 16 automatically slide along the shorter guide sections 24 into the latched position or locking position. During this movement, the two backdrop parts 17a open like scissors, as indicated by dash-dotted lines. This sliding guide means that the push-in movement, but also the push-out movement of the baking trolley 6 takes place very smoothly and smoothly.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, the two again identical link parts 17b are provided with bearing projections 26 and are pivotably mounted on a common pivot axis 21. As illustrated by the dash-dotted lines, the guide sections 23 in the rest position of the link guide are inclined toward one another towards the front, so that the rollers 16, not shown, are moved back into the starting position before the link parts 17b are reached if the baking cart 6 is inadvertently not completely in the Locked or closed position is moved. Here, too, the shorter lever arms are attached to corresponding springs.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6, the two link parts 17c are each S-shaped as single-armed levers and have a common pivot axis 21. The link parts 17c are pressed against one another by a spring 22. In the rest position of the link guide, the two link parts overlap in the area of their reversal points 25. Both guide sections 23 and 24 on both sides of the reversal points 25 are designed very flat, so that the rollers 16 after passing over the reversal points 25 very gently along the flat-inclined guide sections 24 in the Closed positions. As the figure shows, it is possible here to provide locking sections 24 ′ which are more steeply inclined at the end of the guide sections 24.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, the link parts 17d are arranged rigidly on the housing, the guide sections 23 again striving flatly towards the front of the oven and the guide sections 24 are inclined somewhat more steeply to the horizontal. In contrast to the exemplary embodiments described above, on the other hand, the two rollers 16 of the pair of rollers are resiliently displaceable relative to one another, for example by are easily rotatably mounted on lever arms 39, which lever arms 39 are mounted on a common pivot axis 27. A spring 22 pushes the two lever arms 39 and thus also the rollers 16 apart in the direction of their associated guide sections 23, 24 by the distance b. When moving the baking cart 6 (Fig. 1) in the direction of the closed position, the rollers 16 run on the guide sections 23 and are moved against one another by the funnel shape of the sliding track against the force of the spring 22 up to the distance c and lock after overcoming the at the end of the Guide sections 24 are reversal points 25 behind the latter.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8, the part of the link guide which is fixed to the housing is formed by a one-piece, two-legged closing spring 28, as is indicated in FIG. 1. Form the two free legs of this closing spring 28 here the link parts 17. This closing spring 28 is fastened to the housing by means of fastening elements 30 on the round spring part 29. By means of this spring part 29, the link parts 17 are pressed resiliently against one another (dashed position) and are moved apart against spring force when the rollers arranged at a fixed distance from one another move until the rollers have overcome the reversal points 25 and the rollers in the region of the guide sections 24 on the spring part 29 get into the closed position.

FIG. 9 again shows an oven muffle 2 with an oven flange 2 ′, which is installed in an oven housing 1. 1, the oven door 7 'is also part of a so-called baking cart 6' which can be moved like a drawer. As not shown further, the oven shown in FIG. 9 should have a microwave device of a type known per se; For this purpose, a so-called microwave trap in the form of a microwave shield 31 is arranged on the inside of the oven door 7 ', which plunges into the interior of the oven muffle 2 when the oven door 7' is closed. Furthermore, a circumferential microwave door seal 32 is arranged on the inside of the door, which lies tightly against the oven flange 2 'in the door closed position. A fixed part of the baking cart 6 'are rigidly connected to the oven door 7', horizontal sliding cables 11 ', which are mounted with rollers 13 in horizontal but stationary displacement tracks or rails 12' so as to be displaceable in the direction of the arrow. For this purpose, rollers 13 'are also arranged on the running rails 12', so that when the baking trolley 6 'is moved, the sliding trains 11' are supported on the last-mentioned running rollers 13 and the sliding trains 11 'in turn are supported with the running rollers 13 on the running rails 12'. As also generally designated in FIG. 10 by 15 ', a link guide which is fixedly arranged on at least one push-pull 11' and has two guide sections 23 'and 24' inclined to the horizontal and V-shaped with respect to one another, the guide section 23 'opposite the other guide section 24 'is somewhat longer and has a smaller angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal. The running rail 12 'has at the end a detent spring 33 which is hooked and fastened to the vertical end 35 of the running rail 12' at the rear end of the running rail 12 'by means of the U-shaped spring end 34 and which has a freely rotatable locking roller 36 at the free spring end having. The detent spring preferably has a progressive spring characteristic, ie the force required to bend the detent spring out of the rest position is initially low and then increases continuously.

When the baking trolley 6 'is moved into the door-closed position, the detent roller 36 of the detent spring 33 initially runs smoothly onto the guide track 23' of the link guide 15 ', a more or less continuous increase in the closing actuating force being achieved depending on the slope of the guide section 23'. By appropriately designing the reversing guide surface 25 'between the two guide sections 23' and 24 ', e.g. in the form of a gentle curve or a short straight line, this can be followed by a stationary displacement phase with constant closing actuation force. Finally, there is a brief, self-acting, slow closing phase in which the locking roller 36 slides along the guide section 24 'to the end position in which the oven door 7' is fully supported on the oven flange 2 'via the seal 32'. The closing force results from the horizontally resulting static component of the force of the detent spring 33 and the slope of the last-mentioned guide section 24 '. Within the scope of the present invention there is the possibility of varying the closing force in accordance with the specified conditions. For example, ovens with pyrolytic heat cleaning require a high closing force; Accordingly, here the guide section 24 'will be made steeper or a detent spring with a higher spring force will be used. When the oven door 7 'is opened, the phases are reversed, i.e. After a brief sliding action of the locking roller 36 along the guide section 24 ', after overcoming the reversing surface 25', the baking cart 6 'undergoes an automatic, gentle sliding movement until the locking roller 36 separates from the guide section 23'.

While in the embodiment described above, the detent spring 33 executes a vertical lifting movement during the closing and opening movement of the oven door 7 ', in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 11 the detent spring 33' and the link guide 15 '' are pivoted through 90 °, so that the detent spring 33 ' executes a horizontal lifting movement. The link guide 15 '' is formed here by a bend 37 by 90 ° at the end of the push pull 11 '', this bend 37 in turn forming guide sections 23 'and 24' on which the locking roller 36 'during the sliding movement of the baking cart 6' Latch spring 33 'slides in the manner described above. This detent spring 33 'is attached to a bent extension 38 of the running rail 12 ', for example welded on.

The invention described has a number of advantages. For example, the link guide and the detent spring can be arranged at any point in the area of the sliding path of the baking cart, e.g. from outside of this sliding track. The closing actuating force can also be set as desired, e.g. by changing the spring force of the detent spring or the angular inclination of the guide sections. The guide arrangement automatically compensates for tolerances in the positions of the oven door and oven flange that are subject to tolerance, i.e. sufficient closing force is ensured in any case when the oven door is closed. Last but not least, you get a low-jerk locking mechanism regardless of the static load on the baking cart.

Of course, there is also the possibility within the scope of the invention to provide another resilient means as a detent spring, e.g. a pneumatically acting spring element or the like ..

Claims (10)

1. Baking oven with a baking oven muffle, the charging opening of which is closable by a baking oven door which is slidable in the manner of a drawer and fastened in angularly stiff manner at slide bars, with a spring detent equipment which is arranged in the displacement track of at least one slide bar and urges the baking oven door against the muffle flange of the charging opening, characterised thereby, that the spring detent equipment consists of a slide detent (15) with guide portions (23, 24) inclined in opposite directions along the slide track (12) and of at least one support element (rollers 16) co-operating with the slide detent and that the slide detent and the support element are each movable relative to the other and each urged against the other by spring force (22).
2. Baking oven according to claim 1, characterised thereby, that the slide detent (15) consists of two detent parts (17) with guide portions (23, 24) each arranged in mirror image relative to the other.
3. Baking oven according to claim 2, characterised thereby, that the detent parts (17; 17a; 17b; 17c) in the shape of one-armed or two-armed levers are one pivotable relative to the other and urged one against the other by spring force (22).
4. Baking oven according to one of the preceding claims, characterised thereby, that the slide detent is formed by a one-piece, two-limbed closing spring (28), the limbs of which are each urged against the other and form the detent parts (17).
5. Baking oven according to one of the claims 2 to 5, characterised thereby, that a pair of rollers (16), of which each roller co-operates with a respective one of both the detent parts (17), are provided as support elements.
6. Baking oven according to claim 5, characterised thereby, that the slide detent is constructed to be rigid and that the rollers (16) of the roller pair co-operating therewith are urged apart and against the associated detent parts (17d) by spring force (22).
7. Baking oven according to claim 1, characterised thereby, that the slide detent (15') consists of one detent part and is arranged at at least one slide bar (11') of the baking oven door (7') and the support element consists of a detent spring (33), preferably of progressive spring characteristic, with a detent roller (36), which is borne thereat, is fastened at the slide track (12') fast with the housing and which co-operates with the guide portions (23', 24') of the slide detent during the closing movement of the baking oven door.
8. Baking oven according to claim 7, characterised thereby, that the slide detent (15') is arranged horizontally and the detent spring (33) carries out a vertical stroke movement during the opening and closing movements of the baking oven door.
9. Baking oven according to claim 7, characterised thereby, that the slide detent (15") is arranged vertically and the detent spring (33') carries out an horizontal stroke movement during the opening and closing movements of the baking oven door.
10. Baking oven according to claim 9, characterised thereby, that the slide detent (15") is formed by a stamped-out portion (37), which forms the guide portions (23', 24') standing one on the other in V-shape, of the slide bar (11') itself.

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