EP0442318B1 - Filtre à particules régénérable par combustion pour les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Filtre à particules régénérable par combustion pour les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0442318B1
EP0442318B1 EP91101119A EP91101119A EP0442318B1 EP 0442318 B1 EP0442318 B1 EP 0442318B1 EP 91101119 A EP91101119 A EP 91101119A EP 91101119 A EP91101119 A EP 91101119A EP 0442318 B1 EP0442318 B1 EP 0442318B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
exhaust gas
tubes
particle filter
filter according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91101119A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0442318A3 (en
EP0442318A2 (fr
Inventor
Siegfried Wörner
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Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
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J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to AT91101119T priority Critical patent/ATE97994T1/de
Publication of EP0442318A2 publication Critical patent/EP0442318A2/fr
Publication of EP0442318A3 publication Critical patent/EP0442318A3/de
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Publication of EP0442318B1 publication Critical patent/EP0442318B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0212—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters with one or more perforated tubes surrounded by filtering material, e.g. filter candles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/18—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes the axis of inlet or outlet tubes being other than the longitudinal axis of apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a particle filter for cleaning the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines with filter candles, which are arranged in a housing provided with an inlet chamber and an outlet funnel between holding plates, of which the inlet-side holding plate is provided with exhaust gas passage openings, and from a filter material provided with exhaust gas passage openings occupied support tube are formed and to which additional heat for regeneration by burning is supplied from a heat source.
  • Such particle filters are required for cleaning exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, especially in vehicles that are operated with diesel fuel, in order to filter out the soot particles that are harmful to health and represent a high and dangerous environmental impact.
  • These particle filters are known in two versions.
  • the exhaust gas is filtered as it flows through a ceramic block (monolith) which has a large number of through channels, of which one channel is closed like a chessboard and one channel is closed on the outlet side, so that the exhaust gas flows into one channel, then through the surrounding monolith section acting as a filter flows into the adjacent channel and leaves it, freed from soot particles.
  • a soot filter describes, for example, DE-OS 32 17 357.
  • the other embodiment uses filter cartridges for particle filtering.
  • These filter cartridges are preferably designed as a wound filter.
  • a support tube provided with exhaust gas passage openings is wrapped in multiple layers with filter material threads, so that an element comparable to a textile yarn spool is produced.
  • Such an arrangement shows e.g. DE-OS 38 15 148 with a special representation of the storage of the filter candles in holding plates.
  • the filter candles can also be formed by a hose cover made of filter material via a support tube according to DE-OS 38 23 205.
  • the filter candles are also flowed through from the outside in, the exhaust gas to be cleaned enters the support pipes through the filter material, which are closed on the inlet side, the soot particles are retained when the wound filter material flows through, and the cleaned exhaust gas flows through the support pipes into the outlet funnel and becomes dissipated from there.
  • the filter cartridges are arranged on concentric circles in the filter housing and are of a uniform design. Instead of the holding plate on the inlet side provided with exhaust gas passage openings, a holding grille can also be arranged.
  • sooting occurs when flowing through the particle filter, ie the filter material becomes increasingly clogged with soot particles, and the soot has to be removed after a relatively short period of operation.
  • Mechanical removal is practically out of the question because the entire filter would have to be removed and the soot would have to be disposed of. It is therefore necessary to burn off or burn off the enriched soot.
  • oxidizing agents are added to the exhaust gas from a storage container as additives, so that the soot collected with them reduces the soot ignition temperature and the combustion rate increasing agents come into contact and can be burned off.
  • an "external regeneration” is activated for “driving regeneration” as soon as a higher occupancy with soot particles can be determined, for example via the exhaust gas back pressure, which heats the exhaust gas to be cleaned as much (> 600 ° C) that the free burning process can take place. It has been shown, however, that especially in load states with a low exhaust gas mass flow during the regeneration, the filter candles are not burned over their entire length, and that depending on the exposure, the inner filter candles are burned further than the outer ones. The reason for this is that the front half of the filter cartridges is already burning free for a sufficiently low flow resistance ensures that the rear part or the outermost filter cartridges are not sufficiently flowed through. This imperfect regeneration results in shorter and shorter re-infiltration times, which in the worst case can lead to filter failure. Experiments have shown that the infusion time decreased from, for example, 135 minutes on initial infusion to 15 to 20 minutes.
  • the invention has for its object to show a particle filter that enables regeneration while driving and in which a high degree of burning is achieved over the entire filter length, so that the re-infusion time is approximately constant and corresponds to the first infusion time.
  • filter material-free overflow pipes mounted in at least one holding plate distributed over the cross section of the housing are arranged parallel to and spaced from the support pipes covered with filter material.
  • This solution can be applied to all particle filters, including those in which the filtering is carried out via channeled monoliths, after obvious modifications which may be necessary.
  • the overflow pipes are formed by ducts which are open on both sides and open into the additional chamber - described here later.
  • the filter cartridges are mounted in a downstream holding plate and a rear holding plate.
  • the exhaust gas to be cleaned is fed to the filter candle area (the cleaning zone) through exhaust gas passage openings in the front holding plate and through the overflow pipes from the inlet funnel or the inlet chamber.
  • the exhaust gas receives external heat in the inlet chamber
  • the overflow pipes which have exhaust gas outlet openings in the downstream area and are closed on the outlet side, conduct exhaust gas into the downstream lower area of the filter candles during the sooting phase and thus bring about a more uniform loading of the filter candles over their length.
  • hot exhaust gas exhaust gas to be cleaned mixed with hot exhaust gas from the external heat source
  • exhaust gas exhaust gas to be cleaned mixed with hot exhaust gas from the external heat source
  • An expedient embodiment of the particle filter according to the invention shows the feature that an overflow pipe in the longitudinal axis of the housing and further overflow pipes are arranged concentrically thereto, the number of overflow pipes per circuit increasing to the outside.
  • the overflow tubes are arranged in such a way that each overflow tube is surrounded by as many filter candles as possible, so that the filter candles are all flowed as evenly as possible over their length. This also ensures that the section of the particle filter equipped with filter cartridges is flowed through uniformly over the entire length even at low load conditions. This automatically ensures that the surrounding filter cartridges are loaded and burned freely reached and a sufficiently long re-infusion time with uniform infusion ensured.
  • the particle filters are part of the sound damping system of the vehicle engine, it is advantageous to also assign sound damping properties to the particle filter. It has been shown that this is possible with simultaneous improvement of the filter properties, both with respect to the sooting and the burning free, in that a further chamber is formed in the particle filter downstream behind the filter candle region by an inserted bottom, which of the ones carrying the filter material Pipes are penetrated and open into the overflow pipes open on both sides, so that the exhaust gas or exhaust gas / hot gas mixture can enter this chamber.
  • This additional chamber acts with the support tubes as a resonator chamber, and at the same time serves to guide the uncleaned exhaust gas or the exhaust gas / hot gas mixture back into the filter section of the particle filter, so that the filter candles are also flowed to in the downstream area.
  • the floor used is also provided with exhaust gas passage openings. The cleaned exhaust gas flows through the support tubes of the filter cartridges, which extend on the inlet side and penetrate this additional chamber, into the outlet funnel and from there via the exhaust pipe.
  • a mixing chamber is arranged as an inlet chamber in the flow direction upstream of the filter chamber of the particle filter provided with filter candles and overflow pipes.
  • the exhaust gas to be cleaned is preferably fed radially or tangentially into this mixing chamber and on the other hand preferably the hot gas axially. This results in thorough mixing and thus uniform heating of the exhaust gas and the entire filter cross-section is acted on evenly.
  • the hot gas can be taken from an external heat source or the exhaust gas from a burner attached. However, this hot gas can also be supplied axially via an inlet funnel arranged axially on the inlet side of the mixing chamber. If necessary, flow-directing elements, such as baffles, can also be attached in this mixing chamber.
  • the overflow pipes can have exhaust gas passage openings over at least part of their length, so that additional exhaust gas can be supplied to the respectively adjacent filter candles over the entire length.
  • the overflow pipes are closed on the outlet side in the arrangement without the additional chamber behind the filter section, so that all of the exhaust gas flowing through the overflow pipes is fed to the filter candles.
  • the exhaust gas passage openings are arranged in the overflow pipes in such a way that the number of exhaust gas passage openings increases downstream. It is of course also equivalent that the size of the exhaust gas passage openings increases downstream. It is crucial that more exhaust gas is fed to the filter candles downstream, so that the entire length of the filter candles is recorded, especially when burning free.
  • This uniform supply of the exhaust gas also serves the continuation, according to which the overflow pipes have different diameters, for example depending on the exhaust gas inflow from the inlet funnel or the inlet chamber, the diameters increasing radially outward.
  • a continuation shows the feature that the entry chamber has at least one connection for the engine exhaust gases to be cleaned and one connection for the external supply of heat.
  • This arrangement has the advantage over the known arrangements in which the engine exhaust gases and the hot gases are supplied via an inlet funnel that better mixing can be achieved. It has proven to be particularly advantageous that the inlet chamber has a connecting flange for a burner, the hot exhaust gases of which are mixed with the engine exhaust gases to be cleaned. It is particularly advantageous to use a flat burner as a burner. Such a burner is described for example in DE-OS 34 10 716.
  • inlet pipes projecting into the filter space in the area not occupied by filter cartridge support tubes are arranged in the inlet side. This allows a more targeted supply of the exhaust gas to the filter candles, in particular in the downstream rear area, whereby according to a continuation these inflow tubes protrude to different degrees into the filter space. Since in the longitudinal axis of the housing, especially when burning free, with a central arrangement of the hot gas supply, for example through the burner, an approximately conical free-burn zone is created, i.e.
  • the arrangement of the inlet pipes and their different ones can be used Penetration depth into the filter chamber a more uniform free burning can be achieved.
  • the inflow tubes arranged in concentric circles arrange the radially outer parts projecting further into the filter space.
  • the inflow pipes can also have exhaust gas openings have, which can also be distributed unevenly over the length of the inlet pipes.
  • the improvement of the free burning can also be supported by a particularly advantageous arrangement which has the feature that inlet tulips are integrally formed on at least some of the overflow pipes or the filter core support pipes. These are formed by expanding the corresponding pipes on the inlet side and improve the inflow of the exhaust gas or the exhaust gas / hot gas mixture. As a result, a certain control over the cross-section and also over the length of the filter space can be achieved by improving the inflow.
  • both Filter core support tubes as well as the overflow tubes are each mounted on one side in a sliding seat in one of the holding plates. This means that every pipe can expand without causing tension in the overall system.
  • Another expedient embodiment is characterized in that the filter core support tubes and the overflow tubes are mounted alternately with a sufficiently tight sliding seat in the inlet-side or outlet-side holding plate. This results in a particularly high stability of the filter arrangement even at different temperature loads, so that, if necessary, different - but of course heat-resistant - materials can be used even for the filter core support tubes and the overflow tubes, for example steels of different alloys.
  • the particle filter consists of a housing 1, in which the filter chamber 4 is formed between an inlet-side holding plate 2 and an outlet-side holding plate 3.
  • the housing 1 can have any cross section, preferably round or oval.
  • an inlet chamber 5 is arranged in front of the filter chamber 4, into which the exhaust gas of the engine to be cleaned is fed via connecting pieces 6, 7 - in the case of two-pipe systems.
  • a further connection 8 is provided for the supply of external heat.
  • this connection 8 is shown as a "black box", since the external heat is generated further away and supplied via a connection piece, and is also generated in a burner attached to the connection flange 9 and can be supplied directly.
  • a flat burner is preferably provided as the burner.
  • the patent application shows an example of an external supply of heat P 35 45 437.7.
  • An arrangement that can be used as a flat burner is shown, for example, in patent application P 34 10 716.9.
  • the inlet chamber 5 can also be preceded by an inlet funnel (not shown) via which both the engine exhaust gas and the external heat are then supplied.
  • the inlet chamber 5 is at the same time designed as a mixing chamber for mixing the supplied engine exhaust gas and the supplied external heat as hot gas for the free-burning phase. Good mixing can be achieved, for example, by tangential introduction of one of the media; flow-directing means can of course also be arranged in the inlet chamber 5.
  • the inlet funnel or the inlet chamber is flanged to the filter chamber 4 by means of a flange (9).
  • the inlet chamber 5 can also be a section of the inlet funnel.
  • an outlet chamber 11 with an outlet funnel 12 adjoins the filter chamber 4 via a flange connection 10, via which the cleaned exhaust gas flows out.
  • the entire particle filter is protected against heat loss through radiation by an insulation 13 made of thermal insulation material.
  • the filter chamber 4 is delimited on the inlet side by the holding plate 2, on the outlet side by the holding plate 3.
  • the filter candles 14 penetrating the filter chamber 4 are arranged in these holding plates 2, 3. These consist of a filter core support tube 15 which is covered with filter material 16. This assignment can be applied as a winding or in the form of individual knitted hoses.
  • the filter support pipes 15 have exhaust gas passage openings 17 through which the exhaust gas or the exhaust gas / hot gas mixture can enter from the outside through the filter material 16.
  • the filter core support tubes 15 are closed on the inlet side and open on the outlet side.
  • the outlet-side holding plate 3 is formed without exhaust gas passage openings in the two arrangements according to FIG. 1.
  • overflow pipes 18, 19 are also arranged in the two holding plates 2, 3. These overflow pipes 18, 19 are closed on the outlet side.
  • the overflow pipes 18 are provided with exhaust gas passage openings 20 over their entire length and have an inlet tulip 31.
  • the overflow tubes 18 and 19 are flowed through from the inside to the outside and conduct the hot exhaust gas to the filter candles 14, in particular in the free-burning phase, whereby hot exhaust gas is also passed through the perforation of the overflow tubes 18, 19 to the downstream region of the filter candles 14, thereby causing a uniform free burning is achieved.
  • Fig. 1 - upper half - overflow pipes 19 are shown, which have exhaust gas outlet openings 21 only in their downstream area.
  • the hot exhaust gas is fed into the downstream area of the filter chamber 4 and thus to the filter candles 14, which means that this area, which is not burned free in an arrangement without overflow pipes, is now free of soot particles is cleaned by burning, which results in the desired long sooting time.
  • the arrangement of the exhaust gas passage openings 21 in the downstream section of the overflow pipes 19 can take place progressively, ie a larger exhaust gas outlet area can be achieved at the end of the overflow pipe 19. This can be done either by a progression of the number or the size of the exhaust gas outlet openings 20 can be achieved.
  • the overflow tubes 18, 19 are distributed over the cross section of the filter chamber 4 in such a way that the filter cartridges 14 are acted on as uniformly as possible, ie that the distance to the nearest filter cartridges 14 is short and in each case the same. Since the free-burning profile without overflow tubes 18, 19 is approximately conical in shape, the overflow tubes 18, 19 can also have different diameters distributed over the cross section of the filter space 4, namely a larger diameter on the outside than the inside, for stronger supply of the hot exhaust gas in the edge region of the filter space 4.
  • the filter core support tubes 15 and the overflow tubes 18, 19 are therefore mounted alternately in the inlet-side holding plate 2 and the outlet-side holding plate 3 with a sufficiently tight sliding seat because of the risk of soot particles escaping.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 shows a further variant in which a further chamber 22 is arranged downstream.
  • a further chamber 22 is arranged downstream.
  • This is formed by an inserted floor 23 and, as a resonator chamber, contributes to better sound absorption of the particle filter, which is integrated in the exhaust line of a silencer system.
  • the bottom 23 closes off the filter chamber 4 and, as in the previously described variants, is a holding plate for the filter candles 14 are formed and provided with exhaust gas passage openings 24.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 a variant with smooth, non-perforated overflow pipes 19 is shown.
  • both the inlet-side holding plate 2 and the base 23 acting as a holding plate for the overflow pipes 19 are provided with exhaust gas passage openings 24 and 25, respectively.
  • the exhaust gas flows partly through the exhaust gas passage openings 25 into the filter chamber 4 and from there through the filter candles 14 into the outlet chamber 11, partly through the overflow pipes 19 into the chamber 22 and from there back through the exhaust gas passage openings 24 into the Filter chamber 14 and from there via the filter candles 14.
  • FIG. 4 A variant is shown in the lower half of FIG. 4 and the associated sections FIGS. 5 and 6, in which the overflow pipe 18 is open on both sides, has an inlet tulip 31 and exhaust gas outlet openings 20 on the inlet side. These exhaust gas outlet openings 20 are arranged over the entire length of the overflow pipe 18, possibly with a progression downstream. In FIG. 5, lower half, the exhaust gas passage openings 25 are not shown.
  • FIG. 7 shows variants in which the overflow pipes 18, 19 of the previous figures are replaced by inflow pipes 26, 27, which are designed as shortened overflow pipes.
  • the other structure corresponds to the figures discussed above, in particular FIG. 1 with the associated figures 2 and 3.
  • an embodiment is shown in which the exhaust gas from the inlet chamber 5 is supplied to the filter chamber 4 partly through the exhaust gas passage openings 25 and partly via an inflow pipe 27. which is designed as a smooth tube open on both sides.
  • the penetration depth of this inflow tube 27 extends to at least half of the filter space 4.
  • the penetration depth can vary, the penetration depth going further downstream in the edge zones than, for example, that in the longitudinal axis or adjacent to the longitudinal axis arranged pipe.
  • inflow pipe 27 has exhaust gas passage openings 28 and an inlet tulip 31.
  • outlet-side cross-section reduction acting on a nozzle on an end piece 29 is also shown, with which the inflow conditions in If necessary, can be improved.
  • exhaust gas through openings 30 optionally provided in the inlet-side holding plate 2 are shown in the edge region of the inflow into the filter space 4.
  • the exhaust gas to be cleaned is supplied to the filter chamber 4 equipped with filter candles 14 via the overflow pipes 18, 19 and the inlet pipes 26, 27 - additionally also through exhaust gas passage openings 25 in the inlet-side holding plate 2 - and that during the possible free-burning phase during operation of the engine, a mixture of exhaust gas and hot gas, the latter from an external heat source or an attached burner is supplied.
  • This enables an approximately uniform loading and free burning that extends over the entire length and the entire cross section of the particle filter. In particular, a long sooting phase is achieved by completely burning off the particle filter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Filtre à particules pour l'épuration des gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne, avec des bougies filtrantes, qui sont disposées dans un carter doté d'une chambre d'admission et d'un cône de sortie, entre des plaques de maintien dont celle du côté d'admission est pourvue d'ouvertures de passage de gaz d'échappement, lesdites bougies filtrantes étant constituées d'un tube porteur garni de matériau filtrant et doté d'ouvertures de passage de gaz d'échappement, et une source de chaleur leur apportant un complément de chaleur pour la régénération par combustion,
    caractérisé en ce que des tubes de débordement (18, 19) dépourvus de matériau filtrant, montés dans au moins une plaque de maintien (2, 3) et répartis sur la section du carter (1), sont disposés en parallèle aux tubes porteurs (15) garnis de matériau filtrant (16) et à distance de ces derniers.
  2. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un tube de débordement (18) est disposé dans l'axe longitudinal de carter et d'autres tubes de débordement (18 ou 19) sont disposés concentriquement, le nombre de tubes de débordement (18, 19) augmentant sur chaque cercle vers l'extérieur.
  3. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une chambre supplémentaire (22) est formée en aval en incorporant un fond (23), chambre qui est traversée par les tubes (15) portant le matériau filtrant (16) et dans laquelle débouchent des tubes de débordement (18, 19) ouverts du côté d'admission.
  4. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une chambre mélangeuse (5) est disposée comme chambre d'admission avant, dans la direction d'écoulement, la chambre de filtration (4) munie de bougies filtrantes (14) et de tubes de débordement (18, 19).
  5. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les tubes de débordement (18, 19) présentent des ouvertures de passage de gaz d'échappement (20, 21) sur au moins une partie de leur longueur.
  6. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le nombre d'ouvertures de passage de gaz d'échappement (20, 21) augmente en aval.
  7. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la chambre d'admission (5) présente une bride de raccordement (9) pour un brûleur.
  8. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la chambre d'admission (5) présente au moins un branchement (6 ou 7) pour les gaz d'échappement à épurer et un branchement (8) pour l'apport de chaleur externe.
  9. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le fond incorporé (23) présente des ouvertures de passage de gaz d'échappement (24).
  10. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les tubes de débordement (18, 19) présentent des diamètres différents.
  11. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que des tubes d'admission (26, 27), pénétrant dans la chambre de filtration (4), sont disposés dans la surface de la plaque de maintien (2) du côté d'admission qui n'est pas occupée par des tubes porteurs de bougies filtrantes (15).
  12. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les tubes d'admission (26, 27) pénètrent plus ou moins loin dans la chambre de filtration (4).
  13. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que les tubes d'admission (26, 27) présentent des ouvertures de sortie de gaz d'échappement (28).
  14. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que des tulipes d'admission (31) sont formées sur au moins quelques-uns des tubes de débordement (18, 19) ou des tubes porteurs de bougies filtrantes (14).
  15. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que tant les tubes porteurs de bougies filtrantes (14) que les tubes de débordement (18, 19) sont respectivement montés d'un côté en ajustement coulissant.
  16. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que les tubes porteurs de bougies filtrantes (14) et les tubes de débordement (18, 19) présentent alternativement un ajustement coulissant suffisamment étanche dans la plaque de maintien (2) du côté d'admission ou dans la plaque de maintien (3) du côté de sortie.
EP91101119A 1990-02-16 1991-01-29 Filtre à particules régénérable par combustion pour les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0442318B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT91101119T ATE97994T1 (de) 1990-02-16 1991-01-29 Durch abbrennen regenerierbarer partikelfilter fuer die abgase von brennkraftmaschinen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4004861 1990-02-16
DE4004861A DE4004861A1 (de) 1990-02-16 1990-02-16 Durch abbrennen regenerierbarer partikelfilter fuer die abgase von brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0442318A2 EP0442318A2 (fr) 1991-08-21
EP0442318A3 EP0442318A3 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0442318B1 true EP0442318B1 (fr) 1993-12-01

Family

ID=6400310

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91101119A Expired - Lifetime EP0442318B1 (fr) 1990-02-16 1991-01-29 Filtre à particules régénérable par combustion pour les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0442318B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE97994T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4004861A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2047958T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4111029C2 (de) * 1991-04-05 1995-08-31 Eberspaecher J Durch Freibrennen regenerierbarer Partikelfilter für die Abgase von Brennkraftmaschinen
DE4200100A1 (de) * 1992-01-03 1993-07-08 Ernst Apparatebau Gmbh & Co Russfilter fuer dieselmotoren
DE9301608U1 (de) * 1993-02-05 1993-03-25 Ernst-Apparatebau GmbH & Co., 5800 Hagen Rußfiltervorrichtung für Dieselmotoren
DE4309478A1 (de) * 1993-03-24 1994-09-29 Ernst Apparatebau Gmbh & Co Rußfilter für Dieselmotoren
DE4405045C2 (de) * 1994-02-17 1998-04-09 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Vorrichtung zur brennerthermischen Motorabgas-Nachbehandlung sowie deren Verwendung
DE19746814A1 (de) * 1997-10-23 1999-04-29 Behr Gmbh & Co Pumpeneinrichtung, damit ausgerüstete Abgasreinigungsanlage und Betriebsverfahren hierfür
DE102008033842A1 (de) * 2008-07-19 2010-02-18 Karl-Heinz Grywotz Automobiltechnik GmbH Partikelfilter für Diesel- und Otto-Motoren
CN110792496A (zh) * 2019-10-14 2020-02-14 东莞材料基因高等理工研究院 一种柴油颗粒捕捉器的成像检测装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3217357A1 (de) * 1982-05-08 1983-11-10 Fa. J. Eberspächer, 7300 Esslingen Einrichtung zur verminderung des russanteils im abgas von brennkraftmaschinen
US4478618A (en) * 1983-08-01 1984-10-23 General Motors Corporation Diesel exhaust particulate trap with plural filter tubes
DE3410716A1 (de) * 1984-03-23 1985-10-03 Fa. J. Eberspächer, 7300 Esslingen Brennkammer fuer heizeinrichtungen
DE3815148A1 (de) * 1988-05-04 1989-11-16 Eberspaecher J Anordnung zur lagerung eines von abgas durchstroemten filters in einem metallischen gehaeuse
DE3823205A1 (de) * 1988-07-08 1990-01-11 Eberspaecher J Russfilterkerze fuer die reinigung von abgasen und aus russfilterkerzen gebildete russfilteranordnung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2047958T3 (es) 1994-03-01
ATE97994T1 (de) 1993-12-15
EP0442318A3 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0442318A2 (fr) 1991-08-21
DE59100641D1 (de) 1994-01-13
DE4004861C2 (fr) 1992-01-16
DE4004861A1 (de) 1991-08-22

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