EP0434556B1 - Séparateur magnétique à haute intensité travaillant en humide - Google Patents

Séparateur magnétique à haute intensité travaillant en humide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0434556B1
EP0434556B1 EP90403669A EP90403669A EP0434556B1 EP 0434556 B1 EP0434556 B1 EP 0434556B1 EP 90403669 A EP90403669 A EP 90403669A EP 90403669 A EP90403669 A EP 90403669A EP 0434556 B1 EP0434556 B1 EP 0434556B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnets
chamber
product
pole pieces
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90403669A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0434556A1 (fr
Inventor
Gilbert Dauchez
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F C B
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F C B
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Publication of EP0434556A1 publication Critical patent/EP0434556A1/fr
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Publication of EP0434556B1 publication Critical patent/EP0434556B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
    • B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
    • B03C1/033—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
    • B03C1/0332—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using permanent magnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
    • B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
    • B03C1/032—Matrix cleaning systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to high intensity magnetic separators working in the wet and consisting of at least one separation chamber traversed from top to bottom by the product to be treated, in the form of a liquid or pulp containing in suspension the particles to be separated, and magnets or coils creating in the chamber a magnetic field whose lines of force are perpendicular to the direction of flow of the product to be treated;
  • the separation chamber can contain a matrix formed of grooved plates, balls, expanded metal, iron wool, etc. through which the product to be treated circulates.
  • Separators of this type with discontinuous operation have a cyclical operation: in a first phase, the product to be treated is circulated in the separation chamber in the presence of the magnetic field; during this phase, the magnetic constituents of the product are fixed on the walls of the chamber and / or on the elements of the matrix, while the non-magnetic particles are entrained by the liquid phase of the product and collected in a first collector.
  • the second phase the supply of the product to be treated is cut off, the magnetic field is removed and the magnetic products are extracted from the separation chamber by washing with a pressurized liquid which is generally water.
  • a pressurized liquid which is generally water.
  • the object of the present invention is to allow the use of permanent magnets, in place of electromagnets, in high intensity magnetic separators working in wet conditions and, by this means, of reducing the weight, the size and the cost of these devices and reduce their energy consumption.
  • the magnetic separator object of the present invention comprises at least one separation chamber where the product to be treated flows from top to bottom and permanent magnets, possibly associated with pole pieces, and is characterized in that means are provided for producing a relative displacement of the magnets, respectively of the pole pieces, and of the separation between a first position where the magnets, respectively the pole pieces, are intimately applied against the walls of the separation chamber and a second position where the magnets, respectively the pole pieces, are distant from said walls and the magnetic field in said chamber is low enough that the magnetic particles can be removed from the chamber by a current of a washing liquid, said relative movement comprising a movement of the magnets, respectively of the pole pieces, transversely to said walls.
  • the magnets can be moved by means of jacks controlled by a programmable automaton, at the same time as valves placed on the supply and the evacuation of the separation chamber, to be applied on the walls of the chamber during the separation phase and be separated from them during the phase of evacuation of the magnetic constituents, the duration of each of the phases being predetermined or a function, for example, of the degree of clogging of the chamber.
  • the separation chamber can be constituted, in a conventional manner, by a tubular casing made of magnetic material, containing a matrix formed of grooved plates, balls, expanded metal, etc., and occupying the entire section of the chamber.
  • It can also be constituted by a section of tube made of an elastically deformable material, such as rubber or a plastic material, having in the normal state a circular or curved section and which is crushed between the magnets during the separation phase so to form a flat tube.
  • an elastically deformable material such as rubber or a plastic material
  • the magnets can be constituted by an assembly of elementary magnets whose direction of magnetization is perpendicular to the direction of flow of the product treated in the separation chamber. It is also possible to use a stack of magnets and flat pole pieces, the direction of magnetization of the magnets being in this case parallel to the direction of flow of the product to be treated.
  • the pole pieces located on either side of the separation chamber may be located in the same plane perpendicular to the direction of flow of the product to be treated and of the same polarity or opposite polarities, or vertically offset by half not.
  • the separator has only one separation chamber, its operation is necessarily discontinuous.
  • several identical elementary units will be combined, each unit being formed of a separation chamber, permanent magnets, possibly of pole pieces, and of means for removing the permanent magnets from the chamber and applying them to its walls, and being supplied cyclically with products to be treated and washing liquid, the various units being successively supplied so as to allow continuous operation.
  • the various units can be fixed and be connected, on the one hand, to a supply of products to be treated and to a collector of purified products and, on the other hand, to a source of a washing liquid and to a collector of magnetic constituents, through a set of valves whose opening and closing are programmed to ensure cyclic operation of the separation units.
  • the separation units can also be mobile and movable between a separation zone, which is equipped with means for supplying products to be treated, and for collecting purified products, and a washing zone provided with means for distributing a liquid. washing and collecting magnetic components.
  • a separation zone which is equipped with means for supplying products to be treated, and for collecting purified products
  • a washing zone provided with means for distributing a liquid. washing and collecting magnetic components.
  • the movement can be alternative.
  • the separation units will be linked to each other to form an endless ring or chain and will be moved step by step, always in the same direction. We can obviously provide, several separation and washing zones, along the ring or the endless chain.
  • the longitudinal movement of the units will be accompanied by a transverse displacement of the magnets when the units pass from one zone to another.
  • each unit could comprise two or more chambers which would be brought successively between the magnets, in a separation zone comprising, moreover, means for supplying the product to be treated and for collecting the purified product, then distant from this zone. and brought to a washing area equipped with means for dispensing a washing liquid and for collecting magnetic components, the magnets normally applied to the walls of the chamber being in the separation zone, being periodically spaced apart to allow the chambers to be moved.
  • the magnets and / or the pole pieces located on either side of the separation chamber being of opposite polarities, the means used to separate them from the separation chamber must overcome the force of magnetic attraction. Part of the energy involved can be recovered during the movement of magnets or pole pieces, especially when using several units operating sequentially.
  • the separation unit shown in Figures 1 and 2 consists essentially of a separation chamber 10 placed between two permanent magnets 12 of opposite polarities. Each magnet is integral with an L-section armature 14, the two armatures forming a closed magnetic circuit with the magnets and the chamber 10, when the magnets are applied to the opposite walls of the chamber 10, as shown in the figure. 2 a.
  • the separation chamber consists of an envelope made of a non-magnetic material, of rectangular section and open at its two ends. It is filled with vertical grooved plates or other elements, such as bars, steel wool, etc ... made of soft magnetic material which create in the gap magnetic field gradients allowing the magnetic particles of the product to be treated to fix on said elements.
  • the chamber 10 is connected to a pipe for supplying the product to be treated 16, through a solenoid valve 18, and to a pipe for pressurized water 20, through a solenoid valve 22.
  • a collector 24 is placed under the chamber 10 and connected to two conduits 26 and 28, through solenoid valves 30 and 32, respectively, which make it possible to direct the products collected in two different directions.
  • Cylinders 34 make it possible to move the magnets and the armatures perpendicular to the large faces of the chamber 10 and to maintain the magnets applied to the latter (FIG. 2 a) or separated from them (FIG. 2 b).
  • This separation unit operates as follows: in a first phase, the magnets 12 are applied to the large faces of the chamber 10 (FIG. 2a), the valves 18 and 30 are open and the valves 22 and 32 are closed.
  • the product to be treated in the form of pulp, circulates from top to bottom in the chamber 10, between the vertical plates.
  • the magnetic particles are subjected to attractive forces which deflect them towards the plates and hold them there.
  • the purified product is collected in the collector 24 and evacuated through the conduit 26.
  • the magnets are moved away from the chamber (FIG. 2 b), the valves 18 and 30 are closed and the valves 22 and 32 are open.
  • the magnetic particles which are no longer subjected to the action of the magnetic field are then entrained by the pressurized water circulating in the chamber 10 and discharged through the conduit 28.
  • the duration of the first phase can be predetermined, in particular if the content of the product to be treated in particles magnetic varies little over time.
  • the transition from the first to the second phase can be done when the degree of clogging of the chamber, evaluated for example from a measurement of the flow rate or of the pressure drop, reaches a predetermined value.
  • the magnets must be separated by a sufficient distance so that the magnetic field in the chamber 10 is practically zero, the lines of force of the magnetic field of each magnet then closing in on themselves through the air gap formed between the magnet and chamber 10 and the associated armature.
  • the magnets 12 are constituted by an assembly by bonding of elementary magnets with samarium-cobalt or with neodymium-iron-boron, the direction of magnetization being perpendicular to the large faces of the chamber 10.
  • each magnet 12-armature assembly 14 could be replaced by a stack of magnets 40 and pole pieces 42, as shown in FIG. 4, the direction of magnetization of the magnets being parallel to the direction of flow of the product to be treated in the chamber 10 (arrow F ).
  • Figures 3 a and b show another embodiment of the separation chamber.
  • This is here constituted by an elastically deformable tube 110, made of rubber or plastic, which normally has a circular section (FIG. 3 b) and takes a flattened shape. when it is compressed between the magnets 12 ( Figure 3 a).
  • the tube will be filled with a material, such as steel wool, which can be compressed elastically without great effort so as not to hinder the deformation of the tube and its return to the original shape.
  • Wires of soft magnetic material arranged longitudinally or braided to form a tubular sheath could be embedded in the thickness of the wall of the tube to create magnetic field gradients on the inside of the tube.
  • Figure 3a corresponds to the separation phase, the magnets being brought together and crushing the tube 110; in the washing phase ( Figure 3b) the magnets are spaced from each other, and the tube has resumed its circular shape.
  • FIG. 5 The diagram of such an installation is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the supply lines for the product to be treated 16 and for pressurized water 20 are connected to the chambers 10 ′ and 10 ′ ′ through solenoid valves 18 ′ and 18 ′ ′ and 22 ′ and 22 ′ ′, respectively.
  • Collectors 24 ′ and 24 ′ ′ placed under the chambers 10 ′ and 10 ′ ′ make it possible to direct the products leaving the chambers towards an outlet for purified product or an outlet for magnetic product, depending on the position of a schematic selector by a pivoting flap 50 ′, 50 ′ ′.
  • valves 18 ′, 18 ′ ′, 22 ′ and 22 ′ ′, the selectors 50 ′ and 50 ′ ′ as well as the jacks, not shown, moving the magnets 12 ′, 12 ′ ′ are controlled by a programmable controller or a microphone -computer according to a pre-established and modifiable program so that at any time, at least one of the units is in the separation phase.
  • the number of units to be used in an installation will depend on the flow of product to be treated.
  • the use of standard units reduces costs and facilitates maintenance, as a faulty unit can be quickly replaced by a spare unit.
  • An intermediate rinsing phase with maintenance of the magnetic field may be provided to remove the grains of non-magnetic constituents retained by magnetic flocculation.

Landscapes

  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
EP90403669A 1989-12-20 1990-12-19 Séparateur magnétique à haute intensité travaillant en humide Expired - Lifetime EP0434556B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8916880 1989-12-20
FR8916880A FR2655881B1 (fr) 1989-12-20 1989-12-20 Separateur magnetique haute intensite travaillant en humide.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0434556A1 EP0434556A1 (fr) 1991-06-26
EP0434556B1 true EP0434556B1 (fr) 1995-03-01

Family

ID=9388749

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90403669A Expired - Lifetime EP0434556B1 (fr) 1989-12-20 1990-12-19 Séparateur magnétique à haute intensité travaillant en humide

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US5137629A (pl)
EP (1) EP0434556B1 (pl)
AT (1) ATE119076T1 (pl)
AU (1) AU628698B2 (pl)
BR (1) BR9006337A (pl)
CA (1) CA2032579C (pl)
CS (1) CS633890A3 (pl)
DE (1) DE69017401T2 (pl)
ES (1) ES2069720T3 (pl)
FR (1) FR2655881B1 (pl)
GR (1) GR3015260T3 (pl)
MX (1) MX172887B (pl)
OA (1) OA09280A (pl)
PL (1) PL164766B1 (pl)
RO (1) RO103410B1 (pl)
RU (1) RU2052299C1 (pl)
ZA (1) ZA909953B (pl)

Cited By (1)

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US8679313B2 (en) 2007-03-28 2014-03-25 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Method and apparatus for concentrating molecules

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GB2257060B (en) * 1991-05-24 1995-04-12 Shell Int Research Magnetic separation process
US5705059A (en) * 1995-02-27 1998-01-06 Miltenyi; Stefan Magnetic separation apparatus
US5833144A (en) * 1996-06-17 1998-11-10 Patchen, Inc. High speed solenoid valve cartridge for spraying an agricultural liquid in a field
US6190563B1 (en) 1997-09-09 2001-02-20 Petar Bambic Magnetic apparatus and method for multi-particle filtration and separation
DE10030412B4 (de) * 2000-06-21 2006-02-09 Bematec S.A. Magnetabscheider mit drehbarer Klappe
CA2438542C (en) * 2001-02-16 2009-10-06 Ausmetec Pty Ltd. An apparatus and process for inducing magnetism in a flow stream of particulate matter
DE10117659C2 (de) 2001-04-09 2003-07-17 Steinert Gmbh Elektromagnetbau Hochgradienten-Magnetfilter und Verfahren zum Abtrennen von schwach magnetisierbaren Partikeln aus flüssigen Medien
WO2008130618A1 (en) * 2007-04-19 2008-10-30 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Method and apparatus for separating particles, cells, molecules and particulates
US7837379B2 (en) 2007-08-13 2010-11-23 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Devices for producing a continuously flowing concentration gradient in laminar flow
DE102008035695A1 (de) 2008-07-30 2010-02-04 Martin Lipsdorf Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Partikeln gemäß ihrer magnetischen Suszeptibilität
BR112012005618B1 (pt) * 2009-10-28 2020-03-10 Magglobal, Llc Dispositivo de separação magnética
DE102010017957A1 (de) * 2010-04-22 2011-10-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden ferromagnetischer Partikel aus einer Suspension
EP2563520A4 (en) 2010-04-29 2017-06-28 Ausmetec Pty Ltd Apparatus for continual magnetisation of a slurry
US20120240768A1 (en) * 2011-03-22 2012-09-27 General Electric Company System for removing moisture from an airstream
WO2012145658A1 (en) 2011-04-20 2012-10-26 Magnetation, Inc. Iron ore separation device
CN105339090B (zh) * 2013-06-28 2017-03-08 独立行政法人产业技术综合研究所 磁选机用介质以及磁选机
EP3156131A4 (en) * 2014-06-16 2018-02-28 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Sorting device and sorting method
DE102017107089B4 (de) * 2017-04-03 2019-08-22 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur selektiven Fraktionierung von Feinstpartikeln
US11465157B2 (en) * 2020-07-14 2022-10-11 Cláudio Henrique Teixeira Ribeiro Magnetic separators with stationary magnetic matrices, and methods of using the same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8679313B2 (en) 2007-03-28 2014-03-25 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Method and apparatus for concentrating molecules

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2032579A1 (fr) 1991-06-21
US5137629A (en) 1992-08-11
RO103410B1 (en) 1993-04-15
ATE119076T1 (de) 1995-03-15
OA09280A (fr) 1992-08-31
CA2032579C (fr) 1995-10-03
FR2655881B1 (fr) 1992-07-24
PL164766B1 (pl) 1994-10-31
GR3015260T3 (en) 1995-06-30
CS633890A3 (en) 1992-06-17
AU6814890A (en) 1991-06-27
DE69017401D1 (de) 1995-04-06
ES2069720T3 (es) 1995-05-16
DE69017401T2 (de) 1995-07-13
BR9006337A (pt) 1991-09-24
EP0434556A1 (fr) 1991-06-26
PL288358A1 (en) 1991-12-02
AU628698B2 (en) 1992-09-17
MX172887B (es) 1994-01-18
RU2052299C1 (ru) 1996-01-20
ZA909953B (en) 1991-10-30
FR2655881A1 (fr) 1991-06-21

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