EP0429367B1 - Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gegenständen mit einem Hohlraum durch Pressen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gegenständen mit einem Hohlraum durch Pressen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0429367B1
EP0429367B1 EP90403305A EP90403305A EP0429367B1 EP 0429367 B1 EP0429367 B1 EP 0429367B1 EP 90403305 A EP90403305 A EP 90403305A EP 90403305 A EP90403305 A EP 90403305A EP 0429367 B1 EP0429367 B1 EP 0429367B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheath
core
cavity
pressing
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90403305A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0429367A1 (de
Inventor
Marcel Boncoeur
Frédéric Valin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP0429367A1 publication Critical patent/EP0429367A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0429367B1 publication Critical patent/EP0429367B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/1208—Containers or coating used therefor
    • B22F3/1258—Container manufacturing
    • B22F3/1291—Solid insert eliminated after consolidation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/044—Rubber mold
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/124—Rubber matrix
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49453—Pulley making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49988—Metal casting
    • Y10T29/49989—Followed by cutting or removing material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of manufacturing parts having a cavity by pressing.
  • a common process for manufacturing parts of non-moldable material consists in pressing a closed and deformable sheath filled with powder of this material by hydrostatic pressure.
  • the pressure causes, in conjunction with an accompanying heating, a sintering of the powder by tamping or densification.
  • the sheath is then split and rejected, and the part can be dimensioned by finishing machining. Isostatic pressing without heating also exists, see JP-A-62110899.
  • Another solution consists in placing in the sheath, before filling it, a non-deformable core which delimits the cavity.
  • the cores used in foundries have a similar role, but the problems posed by the pressing are different because significant mechanical stresses develop in the sheath, the core as well as in the part as soon as the powder takes consistency.
  • the method is characterized in that the core is initially of volume greater than the volume of the cavity and undergoes a partial extrusion out of the cavity during pressing.
  • the core also undergoes plastic deformations and must be constructed from a more ductile material than that of the part.
  • the core and the sheath can be in one piece or separate; moreover, the sheath or the core may or may not be covered with a non-stick layer which facilitates demolding.
  • the process can be perfectly applied to parts where the core or the sheath are an integral part of the finished product.
  • the parts can be in particular ceramic. Mention may be made of the oxides (Al2O3, CeO2, ZrO2), borides (TiB2), nitrides (TiN, TaN), carbides (TaC, NbC), silicides (Si3N4, SiC), mixtures of such ceramics to make granular compounds, composites with ceramic matrix and fiber reinforcement.
  • the invention can also be applied in particular to composites with a metallic matrix and with ceramic or metallic reinforcement as well as to metals and alloys which are not very ductile such as tungsten, cast iron, the alloy of nickel and aluminum in particular.
  • the cores can be made, for example, of titanium, niobium or tantalum when high temperatures are to be reached. It is also possible to use pure silica glass or silicon enriched with boron oxide. One such body is sold under the VYCOR brand by Corning Corp. Other materials such as low-melting metals and glasses can be used when pressing is carried out at lower temperatures.
  • the cavity can take various forms. It can be a cylindrical cavity, or a conical undercut when demolding is necessary. One can however envisage cavities almost without communication with the outside, even if it is then necessary to remove the material from the core, which is then eliminated by a chemical attack.
  • the material of the part to be densified is frequently powder but can also be a cold pre-compacted or pre-sintered body.
  • FIG. 1A and 1B there is shown respectively the shape of a titanium sheath and its content before and after pressing.
  • the sheath 1 has the shape of a cylinder 104 mm high and 39.6 mm in diameter. It contains a titanium core 2 composed of a cylindrical base 3 of 39.6 mm in diameter and 9 mm in height placed on the bottom of the sheath 1 and surmounted by a truncated cone 4 of 35 mm in height and gradually tapering towards the top of the sheath 1 from 22 to 20 mm in diameter.
  • the interior of the sheath 1 is also occupied, opposite the bottom, by a graphite shim 5 of 39.6 mm in diameter and 20 mm in height.
  • the rest of the sheath is filled with tantalum carbide powder TaC intended to form the cavity part.
  • the internal face of the sheath 1 and the surface of the core 2 are covered with non-stick product 9 in sheet form.
  • FIG. 2 After a cycle, represented in FIG. 2 where the temperature and pressure curves T and P have been indicated as a function of time in hours with a common scale in bars and in degrees Celsius, the shape shown has been obtained
  • Figure 1B the sheath has deformed and in particular contracted radially around the part to be obtained (it is now referenced 1 ') and the core (2') has also changed shape: there remains a 4 'cone of smaller volume as the original cone 4, the material thereof having undergone an overall downward displacement which appears in the form of a bulge 6 in the form of a substantially hemisphere 13 mm in height below the base 3
  • the 4 'cone is approximately 25 mm high and has a diameter varying between 18 and 16.7 mm.
  • a crucible can be obtained by cutting slightly above the base 3 along line 7, by demolding the cone 4 ', by demolding the sheath 1, after having split it and while removing the shim 5, and by machining around the part in its part contiguous to the shim 5, which has an annular bulge, as indicated by lines 8.
  • wedges such as wedge 5 are often encountered in this technical field, but they are not always useful and their absence is therefore perfectly compatible with a correct embodiment of the invention.
  • a deformable core guarantees that the pressure is identical at all points inside the sheath, which allows a more uniform densification of the part and is not true when a non-deformable core is used, near which the pressure is more important than near the sheath. Then, the bulge of the core downwards limits the pinching of the sheath at the junction of the bottom and the cylindrical wall, and therefore the risk of seeing it broken above the base 3.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3D Another exemplary embodiment is shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D.
  • the sheath 10 is here substantially thicker, and in one piece with a cylindrical core 11. Its outer shape is still cylindrical.
  • the assembly is made of titanium and the interior is filled with precompacted tantalum carbide.
  • a thick sheath we can have a thin sheath with an inner layer of titanium pre-sintered.
  • the bead 12 obtained is shown by hermetically crushing the filler neck of the sheath 10.
  • FIG. 3A represents the initial state of the system.
  • FIG. 3B represents the final state after hot isostatic pressing, and we observe, as in the previous example, a bulge 13 at the bottom of the sheath 10, and which comes from the partial extrusion of the core 11 for form a smaller cylindrical core 11 '.
  • the sheath, now referenced 10 ', is contracted radially around the tantalum carbide while substantially retaining a cylindrical shape at this location.
  • FIG. 3C shows that a composite cylinder 14 can be obtained by dressing the two end faces of the assembly, which in particular makes the cord 12 and the bulge 13 disappear so as to leave only a thick titanium envelope substantially uniform around the tantalum carbide.
  • FIG. 3D shows that a composite crucible 15 can be obtained by continuing the dressing of the bottom of the composite cylinder 14 until reaching the tantalum carbide, then removing the core 11 ′ by appropriate mechanical or chemical machining. Tantalum carbide is surrounded by a layer of titanium on its outer faces only.
  • the method can also be applied to ductile materials for which the methods of the prior art can be envisaged in principle.
  • Such an application of the process according to the invention is particularly useful when the stresses to which the ductile materials would be subjected by previous processes are close to the breaking limit.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Teilen mit einem Hohlraum durch Pressen von zu verdichtendem Material, das vorher eingefüllt wurde in eine geschlossene Hülse (1), enthaltend einen Kern (2), dazu bestimmt, den Hohlraum abzugrenzen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß der Kern (2) vor dem Pressen ein größeres Volumen aufweist als der Hohlraum vor dem Pressen und eine partielle Extrudierung erfährt aus dem Hohlraum während des Pressens.
  2. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Teilen mit einem Hohlraum durch Pressen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (10) und der Kern (11) in einem Stück sind.
  3. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Teilen mit einem Hohlraum durch Pressen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das wenigstens bestimmte der Grenzflächen zwischen dem Teil, der Hülse und dem Kern bedeckt sind von einer Trennmittelbeschichtung (9).
EP90403305A 1989-11-24 1990-11-22 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gegenständen mit einem Hohlraum durch Pressen Expired - Lifetime EP0429367B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8915479A FR2654973B1 (fr) 1989-11-24 1989-11-24 Procede de fabrication de pieces presentant une cavite par pressage.
FR8915479 1989-11-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0429367A1 EP0429367A1 (de) 1991-05-29
EP0429367B1 true EP0429367B1 (de) 1994-04-06

Family

ID=9387753

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90403305A Expired - Lifetime EP0429367B1 (de) 1989-11-24 1990-11-22 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gegenständen mit einem Hohlraum durch Pressen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5092023A (de)
EP (1) EP0429367B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH03174945A (de)
DE (1) DE69007939T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2654973B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201015267D0 (en) * 2010-09-14 2010-10-27 Rolls Royce Plc An object forming assembly
CN104842579A (zh) * 2015-05-12 2015-08-19 天津太平洋超高压设备有限公司 粉末平板坯料的等静压模压液压机

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1637707A (en) * 1924-03-25 1927-08-02 Charlotte T Porter Method of manufacturing crucibles and the like
US4127684A (en) * 1977-12-23 1978-11-28 Ford Motor Company Crack protection method
BE887615A (nl) * 1981-02-20 1981-06-15 Nat Forge Europ Inrichting voor het in de langsrichting opnemen van uitzettingskrachten bij het isostatisch persen
DE3343210C1 (de) * 1983-11-30 1985-01-10 Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5000 Köln Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung verdichteter Formkoerper
JPH0244640B2 (ja) * 1985-11-08 1990-10-04 Tokai Carbon Kk Rabaapuresuseikeiho

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2654973A1 (fr) 1991-05-31
JPH03174945A (ja) 1991-07-30
EP0429367A1 (de) 1991-05-29
DE69007939D1 (de) 1994-05-11
FR2654973B1 (fr) 1992-02-07
DE69007939T2 (de) 1994-10-20
US5092023A (en) 1992-03-03

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