EP0881061B1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von keramischen Rohren - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von keramischen Rohren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0881061B1
EP0881061B1 EP97402740A EP97402740A EP0881061B1 EP 0881061 B1 EP0881061 B1 EP 0881061B1 EP 97402740 A EP97402740 A EP 97402740A EP 97402740 A EP97402740 A EP 97402740A EP 0881061 B1 EP0881061 B1 EP 0881061B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
cavity
conical surface
pot
cylindrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97402740A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0881061A1 (de
Inventor
Martial Martreuil
Philippe Henneguez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe des Ceramiques Techniques SA
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Societe des Ceramiques Techniques SA
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/003—Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
    • B28B21/02—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds
    • B28B21/10—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds using compacting means
    • B28B21/18—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds using compacting means using expansible or retractable mould or core elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tool and a method for producing tubes in ceramic by isostatic pressing using such a tool.
  • Isostatic pressing followed by sintering is a well-known method of production of ceramic parts.
  • a mixture of powder ceramic and organic binders is first suspended in a solvent for these binders, then this suspension is subjected to atomization which evaporates the solvent and puts the mixture of powder and binders in the form of deformable granules with dimensions from a few tens to a few hundred microns, all of these granules being called below "the grain”.
  • This grain is then placed in a deformable mold which has a cavity of shape homothetic to the shape of the part to be produced, this to compensate for the shrinkage that will occur during sintering.
  • this mold is itself; even placed in a generally cylindrical deformable sheath which is place in the pot of an isostatic press, that is to say in an enclosure where introduces a liquid whose pressure is increased to a few kilobars.
  • the sheath transmits this pressure, which it receives on its outer surface, to the mold which, when deformed, transmits it to the grain it contains, which compacts it in a manipulable blank.
  • This blank is then sintered to obtain the part ceramic.
  • a mold is used whose inner surface is a cylinder and we place inside the mold and coaxially on its surface inside a pin made of hard material.
  • the contact surfaces 17 and 18 between the mold 5 and the two rings 9 and 10, in the vicinity of the axial cavity 6 of the mold are plans and when the tooling is used to perform the compression phase of the grain (in its position illustrated in FIG. 1B), the lower end face 19 of the punch 12 is located in the same plane as the contact surface 17.
  • the pressing cycle is carried out as follows.
  • the punch 12 is placed in its high position as illustrated in the figure 1A. Grain is poured onto the concave conical upper surface 20 of the ring 9. This grain falls, by gravity, into the axial hole 11 of the ring 9 and then enters in the axial cavity 6 of the mold 5, the pin 13 closing the axial hole 15 in the ring 10. The upper end of the mold cavity is closed by lowering of the punch 12 in the axial hole 11 of the ring 9 as illustrated in Figure 1B. Then the grain is pressed into the mold by injection of a liquid under pressure, which is generally water, in channels 7 and 8, in space 3 and between the scabbard and the sheath if there is a scabbard.
  • a liquid under pressure which is generally water, in channels 7 and 8, in space 3 and between the scabbard and the sheath if there is a scabbard.
  • the lack of concentricity of the drafts is due to dispersions of dimensions and structure of the deformable mold, with imprecision installation of the different parts of the tool in the press, as well as deformations and relative movements that these parts undergo under the effect of the rise to the very high pressure necessary for pressing.
  • the lack of concentricity of the blanks produced with this known tool is due to the this tool does not ensure precise centering of the spindle relative to the axial cavity of the mold when the latter deforms.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a solution for production by pressing by the dry bag method and sintering of ceramic tubes having a improved concentricity compared to that of ceramic tubes produced at using a tool known as that illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, that is to say whose defect in concentricity is very low and which therefore do not require machining or which requires very little machining.
  • the invention extends to a method for producing ceramic tubes by an isostatic pressing method called dry bag using such a tool as well than ceramic tubes obtained using such a tool.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 the elements of the tooling according to the invention are identical to those of a known tool shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B carry identical references and are not described further below.
  • Figure 2 therefore shows a first embodiment of the tooling of pressing according to the invention.
  • This tool differs from that shown on the Figures 1A and 1B in that the mold 50 has an upper end 51 and a lower end 52 each having a concave conical surface which extends to the axial cylindrical cavity 6 of the mold.
  • These two surfaces concave cones serve as support surfaces for convex conical surfaces of identical shape and dimensions of the rings 90 and 100 closing the pot 1.
  • These conical surfaces between the rings and the ends of the mold provide precise centering of the mold cavity 6 relative to the axis of the rings.
  • the punch 120 has a tubular end 121 elongated and arranged to close the axial cavity of the mold while entering the cavity on a certain part of the length thereof in the compression position of the tool as visible in Figure 2. This provides good centering of this cavity 6 by relative to the axis 1a of the ring 90, this tubular end being itself centered precisely with respect to this ring by the fact that it passes through the axial hole 110 of said ring.
  • the pin 13 is introduced into the mold 50 by the upper part of the pot and the extraction of the blanks is done by the top of the pot.
  • the centering of the spindle 13 relative to the axial cavity 6 of the mold 50 is ensured by the fact that it is guided very precisely at each end of the mold respectively by the axial holes 140 of the punch and 150 of the ring lower 100, that is to say by the parts that define themselves so specifies the position of the ends of the axial cavity of the mold. Rooms metal which can be machined very precisely and with low clearances between them, these guides of the two ends of the spindle are very precise.
  • FIG. 3 according to another embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the spindle 13 is introduced from the bottom of the pot into the axial cavity 6 of the mold 50, and the blanks are extracted after compression from the bottom of the pot.
  • Tooling therefore comprises two movable punches 120 and 120 'whose tubular ends elongated 121 and 121 'penetrate inside the axial cavity 6 of the mold in tool compression position.
  • the upper punch 120 allows release the upper end of the mold cavity for grain supply.
  • the lower punch 120 'clears the lower end of said cavity to extract the blank.
  • the two ends of the mold have concave conical surfaces 51 and 52 with an axis identical to axis 1a of the mold, which extend to the cylindrical cavity of the mold and which serve to support a conical surface complementary to each of the rings 90 and 90 '.
  • This tool construction still ensures very precise centering of the spindle 13 relative to the cavity 6 of the mold 50 allowing the production of blanks which have a very weak concentricity defect.
  • the blank is extracted from the top of the pot, and the centering of the spindle 13 relative to the top of the mold 50 ′ is ensured as already described for FIG. 2.
  • the centering of the spindle 13 relative to the bottom of the mold 50 ' is ensured by a metal part 200, of revolution and coaxial with the pot and the part of which tubular 210 enters the lower end of the cavity 6 of the mold 50 ', the spindle 13 penetrating with a slight clearance in the axial hole 211 of this part tubular.
  • This variant corresponds to the case where the blanks we want to press are significantly shorter than the sheath 2 and the press pot 1.
  • FIG. 4 representing an example where this set includes three pieces 200,220 and 230.
  • the optimal value of the half angle at the top of the cone defined by the conical surface of the end of the mold is between 15 and 75 degrees, and preferably between 30 and 60 degrees.
  • the optimal ratio between the length of penetration of the tubular part into the mold and the diameter of the axial cavity of the mold is greater than or equal to 0.5 and preferably greater than or equal to 1.
  • the ceramic tubes thus obtained can be used in applications that require high geometric precision, in particular as components of fiber optic connectors
  • the blanks obtained by pressing at 1600 bars of zirconia grain yttriée by means of this tool have a length of 105 mm, a diameter 2 mm inside and 3.5 mm outside diameter. They have a defect concentricity with a distribution ranging from 0.01 to 0.04 mm, with an average of 0.02 mm.
  • the blanks obtained by pressing at 1600 bars of zirconia grain yttriée by means of this tool have a length of 113 mm, a diameter 2 mm inside and 3.5 mm outside diameter. They have a defect concentricity with a distribution ranging from 0.02 to 0.08 mm, with an average of 0.05 mm.
  • the blanks obtained by pressing at 2000 bars of alumina grain at means of this tool have a length of 95 mm, an inner diameter of 2.5 mm and an outer diameter of 4.0 mm. They have a defect of concentricity with a distribution ranging from 0.01 to 0.04 mm, with an average of 0.02 mm.
  • the blanks obtained by pressing at 1600 bars of zirconia grain yttriée by means of this tool have a length of 60 mm, an inner diameter 3.2 mm and an outside diameter of 4.15 mm. They have a defect of concentricity with a distribution ranging from 0.01 to 0.04 mm, with an average of 0.02 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Gerät für die Herstellung von Keramikrohren, umfassend :
    einen im allgemeinen zylinderförmigen metallischen Preßtopf (1), der sich entlang einer Längsachse (1a) erstreckt,
    eine im allgemeinen rohrförmige, koaxial im Innern des Preßtopfes angebrachte Hülle aus Elastomer (2),
    eine Form (50, 50') koaxial im Inneren der Hülle angebracht und die einen zylindrischen zentralen Hohlraum (6) aufweist, welcher sich entlang der Längsachse erstreckt,
    zwei metallische Ringe (90,100; 90, 90';90,200) welche jeweils auf dem oberen und unteren Teil des Preßtopfes angebracht sind, um die Form und die Hülle zu halten,
    mindestens einen, bezüglich der Form entlang der Längsachse beweglichen und mit einem der zwei Ringe zusammenwirkenden Stempel (120,120'),
    einen koaxialen, bezüglich der Form und dem Stempel entlang der Achse beweglichen Stift (13), welcher durch den Stempel und den Ring, welcher der Seite gegenüberliegt, von welcher der Stift in die Form eingeführt wird, hindurch in das Innere des zylindrischen Hohlraums der Form eingeführt wird, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß :
    mindestens ein Ende der Form (50,50') eine konisch konkave Seite (51,52) aufweist, dessen Achse mit der Formachse zusammenfällt, und welche sich bis zum zylindrischen Hohlraum der Form erstreckt und welche als Stütze einer ergänzenden konischen Fläche eines der Ringe dient,
    und dadurch, daß an mindestens dem anderen Ende der Form ein mit der Form koaxiales rohrförmiges Teil (121,121';210) in den zylindrischen Hohlraum der Form über einen Teil dessen Länge eingeführt wird.
  2. Gerät gemäß Anspruch 1, bei dem das Verhältnis zwischen dem maximalen Durchmesser der konischen Fläche des Endes der Form und dem Durchmesser des zylindrischen Hohlraums der Form größer oder gleich 2,5 ist.
  3. Gerät gemäß Anspruch 1, bei dem das Verhältnis zwischen dem maximalen Durchmesser der konischen Fläche des Endes der Form und dem Durchmesser des zylindrischen Hohlraums der Form größer oder gleich 4 ist.
  4. Gerät gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei dem der halbe Kegelwinkel des von der konischen Fläche definierten Kegels zwischen 15 und 75 Grad liegt.
  5. Gerät gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei dem der halbe Kegelwinkel des von der konischen Fläche definierten Kegels zwischen 30 und 60 Grad liegt.
  6. Gerät gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, bei dem das Verhältnis zwischen der Eindringtiefe des rohrförmigen Teils in die Form und dem Durchmesser des zylindrischen Hohlraums der Form größer oder gleich 0,5 ist.
  7. Gerät gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, bei dem das Verhältnis zwischen der Eindringtiefe des rohrförmigen Teils in die Form und dem Durchmesser des zylindrischen Hohlraums der Form größer oder gleich 1 ist.
  8. Gerät gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bei dem die Form aus einem Elastomeren besteht, dessen Shorehärte A zwischen 88 und 100 liegt.
  9. Gerät gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bei dem die Form aus einem Elastomeren besteht, dessen Shorehärte A zwischen 91 und 97 liegt.
  10. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Keramikrohren nach der Methode des "dry bag" isostätischen Pressens mithilfe eines Geräts gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9.
  11. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Keramikrohren nach der Methode des "dry bag" isostatischen Pressens, umfassend die Schritte :
    (i) Füllen des zentralen zylindrischen Hohlraums, welcher einerseits von einem Stift und andererseits von dem zylindrischen Innenraum einer Elastomerform begrenzt ist, wobei die Form von zwei Ringen gehalten wird, eine an jedem ihrer Enden, und der Stift mit diesen Ringen zum Zwecke der Zentrierung zusammenwirkt ;
    (ii) Zentrierung mindestens eines ersten Endes der Form durch Auflegen einer konisch konkaven Fläche der Form, welche sich bis zum zentralen zylindrischen Hohlraum der Form erstreckt, auf eine ergänzende konische Fläche eines ersten Ringes ;
    (iii) Zentrierung mindestens des zweiten Endes der Form durch Einführung eines ersten mit der Form koaxialen rohrförmigen Teils in den zentralen zylindrischen Hohlraum der Form über zumindest einen Teil dessen Länge ; und
    (iv) Spritzpressen einer unter Druck stehenden Flüssigkeit von der dem zentralen zylindrischen Hohlraum gegenüberliegenden Seite her.
  12. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 11, umfassend außerdem den Schritt (iibis) der Zentrierung des zweiten Endes der Form durch Auflegen einer konisch konkaven Fläche der Form, welche sich bis zum zentralen zylindrischen Hohlraum der Form erstreckt, auf eine ergänzende konische Fläche des zweiten Ringes.
  13. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 11 oder 12, umfassend außerdem den Schritt (iiibis) der Zentrierung des ersten Endes der Form durch Einführung eines zweiten mit der Form koaxialen rohrförmigen Teils in den zentralen zylindrischen Hohlraum der Form über zumindest einen Teil dessen Länge.
  14. Verfahren gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 13, bei dem der Druck der unter Druck stehenden Flüssigkeit zwischen 1600 und 2000 bar liegt.
  15. Verfahren gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 14, bei dem das Entfernen des Rohrs von oben her stattfindet.
  16. Verfahren gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 14, bei dem das Entfernen des Rohrs von unten her stattfindet.
EP97402740A 1996-11-18 1997-11-17 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von keramischen Rohren Expired - Lifetime EP0881061B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9614026 1996-11-18
FR9614026A FR2750917B1 (fr) 1996-11-18 1996-11-18 Outillage et procede de production de tubes en ceramique a l'aide de cet outillage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0881061A1 EP0881061A1 (de) 1998-12-02
EP0881061B1 true EP0881061B1 (de) 1999-04-28

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EP97402740A Expired - Lifetime EP0881061B1 (de) 1996-11-18 1997-11-17 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von keramischen Rohren

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0881061B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE179366T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2219465A1 (de)
CH (1) CH689013A5 (de)
DE (1) DE69700203D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2750917B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109226749B (zh) * 2018-10-18 2023-12-01 山西金开源实业有限公司 干袋式等静压机

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR88441E (fr) * 1965-07-09 1967-02-03 Pacific Clay Products Méthode et appareil pour la fabrication de tubes de terre glaise
SE435353B (sv) * 1982-11-09 1984-09-24 Cold Isostatic Press Syst Kb Anordning for kompensering av axiell tojning av en isostatisk press

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH689013A5 (fr) 1998-07-31
DE69700203D1 (de) 1999-06-02
ATE179366T1 (de) 1999-05-15
CA2219465A1 (fr) 1998-05-18
FR2750917A1 (fr) 1998-01-16
FR2750917B1 (fr) 1999-03-05
EP0881061A1 (de) 1998-12-02

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