EP2403669B1 - Presswerkzeug - Google Patents

Presswerkzeug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2403669B1
EP2403669B1 EP10707503.8A EP10707503A EP2403669B1 EP 2403669 B1 EP2403669 B1 EP 2403669B1 EP 10707503 A EP10707503 A EP 10707503A EP 2403669 B1 EP2403669 B1 EP 2403669B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
sectors
tooling according
crown
inserts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10707503.8A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2403669A2 (de
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Bayle
Frédéric JORION
Gérard DELETTE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA, Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP2403669A2 publication Critical patent/EP2403669A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2403669B1 publication Critical patent/EP2403669B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
    • B30B15/022—Moulds for compacting material in powder, granular of pasta form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
    • B22F2003/033—Press-moulding apparatus therefor with multiple punches working in the same direction

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a press tool.
  • the manufacture of mechanical parts by powder pressing to give a compact blank, followed by sintering may involve the use of uniaxial compression machines comprising a die in a housing from which the powder is poured and a punch engaging in the housing for effecting the compression of the powder or, alternatively, a pair of punches engaging two opposite ends of the housing in two opposite directions. These presses operate at relatively high rates.
  • the applications are numerous: they may concern mechanical metal or ceramic parts such as gears, magnets, nuclear fuel pellets, etc.
  • the shrinkage of the workpiece is less important as the density is greater, so that the finished workpieces tend to take a slightly conical shape when a single punch has been used, or biconical and bent at middle, diabolo-shaped, when two punches were used.
  • the defects of size or shape can lead to the rejection of a large number of parts.
  • Still other methods include adding rubber or other flexible materials to the matrix that facilitate demolding and are then sacrificed, but this is also expensive.
  • the invention has been designed to overcome these drawbacks and allow automatic and reliable compression of high-speed parts while reducing the risk of damage to pressed parts during demolding and subsequent defects in shape and size, often attributable to bad return to the original sector position of the die that have been discarded to promote demolding.
  • the invention is defined by claim 1. It relates to a tool of a press. It comprises at least one mobile punch.
  • the tooling comprises a die into which the punch penetrates, the die being composed of sectors, a frame surrounding the die, which is slidably supported on the frame by conical surfaces, means for moving the frame relative to the matrix in a direction of mobility of the punch.
  • the matrix comprises a unitary portion to which the sectors are joined together and the sectors comprise inserts on their inner face.
  • the construction of the matrix in sectors joined together with a unitary part, which can be full and then constitute a bottom of the housing of the matrix in which the parts are formed, or in the form of hollow cylinder capable of allowing passage to a lower punch allows to take advantage of the elasticity of the material of the matrix to allow the separation of the sectors under the internal pressure of the parts once they have undergone the pressing, then to help the reclosing of the matrix after the demolding of the parts .
  • the spacing of the sectors remains at a low level, just corresponding to the dilations sufficient to reduce the internal pressure of the parts, which greatly reduces the risk of accidental insertion of material and in particular the pressing powder constituting the parts, which would harm the reclosing of the matrix and the quality of the subsequent manufacture.
  • a preferred construction thus comprises a main portion of titanium matrix and carbide steel inserts.
  • the inserts are also amenable to modifications of shape or dimensions by machining, especially if they are machined on their internal face tilt of variable conicity over their height depending on defects in shape and dimensions of parts manufactured by the press: this machining then contributes to the improvement of the parts during manufacture of the series as a function of the derivations of measured dimensions or shape, without damaging effect on the matrix since it will then be sufficient to replace the inserts.
  • the matrix (more precisely its inserts) comprises a housing in undercut from an orifice through which the movable punch is introduced; or a doubly undercut housing from opposite ports through which the movable punches are respectively introduced in the case of a tool comprising two movable punches, the die being hollowed out from one side and the support having a passage recess of one of the punches.
  • the means of movement of the frame relative to the die comprises a crown on a raised face of which the frame is placed by rollers, a means of applying the frame against the crown, and a support of the crown and matrix; and according to a further improvement, the support comprises a circular imprint in which the ring is housed, the ring comprises a toothing protruding from the cavity, and a pinion driven by the motor is mounted on the support and meshes with the toothing.
  • This control means makes it possible to apply a force that is well distributed and dosed to the frame and the die by virtue of the regularity of shape of the crown, the distribution of the rollers over a circumference and the elasticity of the assembly.
  • the figure 1 represents a press comprising a control system 1, an upper punch 2, a lower punch 3 and a tool 4 specific to the invention which comprises a die 5.
  • the upper punch 2 and the lower punch 3 comprise rods 6 and 7 directed towards each other.
  • the die 5 comprises a housing 8 in alignment with the rods 6 and 7, which can penetrate between opposite orifices 9 and 10.
  • the lower piston 3 and its rod 7 comprise a needle 37 which slides therein, and the rod 6 of the upper piston 2 comprises a housing 11 in front of the needle 37, which can enter therein. This arrangement makes it possible to compress hollow pieces of annular shape.
  • the invention is not limited to this situation and also relates to presses without a needle, possibly with a single punch; the dwelling would then be provided with a single orifice and would include a bottom on the other side.
  • the control system 1 governs the movement of the punches 2 and 3 and the rod 6.
  • tooling 4 by means of the figure 2 . It comprises a support 12 in the form of a plateau on which rises a circular wall 13. An impression 14 is delimited by the wall 13 and receives a ring 15. The ring 15 slides on a track 16 of the cavity 14 and can rotate by sliding around the inner face of the wall 13. The ring 15 rises to above the wall 13 at its upper part, where it comprises a toothing 17 projecting outside.
  • the support 12 carries a bearing 18 ( figure 3 ) for rotating a pinion 19, and it also carries a drive motor 20 of the pinion 19.
  • the matrix 5 comprises a unitary lower portion 21 in the form of a hollow cylinder, placed on the support 12, and an upper portion 22 surmounting the preceding one, in one piece with it, composed of contiguous circle sectors 23, three in number for example, separated by slots but which can come into contact with each other ( figure 5 ).
  • the housing 8 is inscribed in this upper part 22.
  • the lower part 21 and the support 12 are recessed to allow passage to the lower punch 3.
  • a frame 24 surrounds the upper part of the matrix 5. It comprises a ring 25 surrounding the sectors 23 to maintain their cohesion, and a plate 26.
  • the plate 26 carries rods 27 (two of which are similar and opposite, one being represented, at figure 3 ) pointing downwards and engaged in the guns 28 fixed to the support 12. Springs 29 mounted in the guns 28 attract the rods 27 downwards.
  • the ring 25 is provided with a trio of axes 30 of radial orientation, each bearing a bearing 31.
  • the figure 4 shows that the bearings 31 weigh on an upper face 32 of the ring 15 and which comprises three cams 33 inclined, in phase with the bearings 31 respectively.
  • the motor 20 rotates
  • the pinion 19 drives the ring 15 in rotation
  • the cams 33 move under the bearings 31, whose altitude varies with that of the ring 15; or the outer faces of the sectors 23 and the inner faces of the ring 25 are inclined and form conical adjustments 34 which have been shown in FIG. figure 6 (by strongly exaggerating their inclination for the sake of clarity).
  • the inner faces of the sectors 23, delimiting the housing 8, are not cylindrical but undercut from the orifices 9 and 10, that is to say that the housing 8 widens slightly since the orifices 9 and 10 to tapered portions 35 and 36, respectively to the center, contrary to a provision common in this technical genre, where recess provisions are common to promote part release.
  • the machine operates as follows. A not shown shoe pours powder to compact in the housing 8, the lower piston 3 closing the bottom.
  • the upper piston 2 is lowered when the shoe has been removed, and it follows the compacting of the powder, the lower punch 3 can also be set in motion.
  • the needle 37 is also set in motion if this is provided.
  • the upper punch 2 is raised and a rotation of the motor 20 causes the displacement of the ring 25 and its lowering, which allows the sectors 23, remaining at the same height since in bearing on the fixed part 21, s' sliding away surfaces to conical adjustments 34 and open the matrix 5 until relaxation of the radial compressive stresses of the compressed part in the housing 8.
  • the opening is limited to a few degrees by the elastic stress that appears at the foot sectors 23, their connection to the lower part 21 which they are integral.
  • the die 5 can be made of titanium to have the desired elasticity.
  • the flexion is sufficient, thanks to the fineness of the lower part 21.
  • This tool lends itself very well to automation since the sectors 23 retained in the ring 25 remain supported and guided by it and the lower part 21, without the possibility of falling or to disperse in another way. Their setting in position is obtained with precision.
  • the device is simple and therefore reliable, especially since it depends on a single engine and does not use delicate transmissions.
  • the conical adjustments 34 have in practice a few degrees of inclination, and the inclinations of the conical portions 35 and 36 of the housing 8 are also small and simply compensate for the differential shrinkage of the sintered parts based on the compression and density irregularities. A few cents or a few per thousand are common.
  • the inclinations are not necessarily uniform over the height of the housing 8: they must rather be determined by the designer according to the results of a first series of compression and sintering tests, which will have indicated to him empirically the defects of shape and size of the parts and therefore the compensation to operate for the radius of the housing 8 at each height. He then proceeds to a corrective machining of the internal faces of the sectors 23.
  • the figure 7 represents a slightly different embodiment, where the sectors 23 are replaced by other sectors 40, here at single conicity of the inner faces 42, so that the housing 41 blossoms downwards.
  • the lower part 43 of the matrix is here solid and unitary and forms a continuous bottom 44, to which the sectors 40 are joined, for the housing 41.
  • This arrangement is well suited to a machine devoid of lower punch, where the upper punch assumes only the compression.
  • the sectors 23 and 40 are provided with inserts 46 removable fixed on their inner face, which thus undergo the profile correction machining and can be replaced without the matrix 5 must be changed itself when a room different must be manufactured.
  • the inserts 46 may be of carbide steel to have a high hardness and withstand the friction and pressure produced by pressing the pieces, which can not the titanium of the matrix 21 or 43. They also equip the previous embodiment. The rest of the device is unchanged.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Werkzeug (4) für eine Presse, umfassend wenigstens einen bewegbaren Stempel (2, 3), wobei das Werkzeug ein Gesenk (5) umfasst, in welches der Stempel eintritt, wobei das Gesenk Sektoren (23, 40) umfasst, welche durch Spalte getrennt sind, jedoch miteinander in Kontakt kommen können, ein Gehäuse (24), welches das Gesenk umgibt, welches an dem Gehäuse in einer gleitbaren Weise durch konische Oberflächen (34) aufliegt, Mittel zur Verlagerung des Gehäuses gegenüber dem Gesenk in eine Richtung einer Bewegbarkeit des Stempels, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    das Gesenk (5) einen einteiligen unteren Abschnitt (21, 43) umfasst, an welchem die Sektoren (23, 40) in fester Weise angebracht sind, wobei sie zusammenhängend mit ihm sind; sich die Spalte zum Trennen der Sektoren (23, 40) an einem Höhenabschnitt des Gesenks (5) erstrecken; die Sektoren in der Lage sind, sich voneinander zu entfernen, wobei das Gesenk geöffnet wird,
    wobei eine Biegung und eine elastische Spannung an einer Verbindung zwischen den Sektoren (23, 40) und dem einteiligen unteren Abschnitt (21, 43) auftrifft; und die Sektoren Einsätze (46) an ihren Innenflächen umfassen.
  2. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der einteilige Abschnitt (21) ein hohler Zylinder ist, welcher schmaler als die Sektoren ist.
  3. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der einteilige Abschnitt (43) gefüllt ist.
  4. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einsätze aus einem härteren Material bestehen als das Gesenk.
  5. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einsätze (46) aus Stahl oder Karbid bestehen und das Gesenk (5) aus Titan besteht.
  6. Werkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gesenk eine Aufnahme in Hinterschneidung von einer Öffnung umfasst, durch welche der bewegbare Stempel eingeführt ist.
  7. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es zwei bewegbare Stempel umfasst, wobei das Gesenk vollständig ausgehöhlt ist und der Träger eine Durchgangsöffnung für die Stempel umfasst, und dadurch, dass das Gesenk eine Aufnahme in doppelter Hinterschneidung von Öffnungen umfasst, durch welche die bewegbaren Stempel jeweils eingeführt sind.
  8. Werkzeug nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einsätze von den Sektoren lösbar sind und ersetzt werden können.
  9. Werkzeug nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Verlagerung des Gehäuses gegenüber dem Gesenk einen Kranz (15) an einer erhabenen Fläche, durch welchen das Gehäuse (24) auf Rollen (31) gesetzt ist, ein Mittel (29) zum Drücken des Gehäuses gegen den Kranz, einen Träger für den Kranz (15) und das Gesenk (5) und einen Motor (20) zum Versetzen des Kranzes (15) in Rotation umfasst.
  10. Werkzeug nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (12) eine kreisförmige Vertiefung (14) umfasst, in welcher der Kranz (15) aufgenommen ist, wobei der Kranz eine Verzahnung (17) umfasst, welche über die Vertiefung übersteht, und dass ein durch den Motor (20) angetriebenes Ritzel (19) an dem Träger (12) montiert ist und mit der Verzahnung (17) kämmt.
  11. Werkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einsätze an ihrer Innenfläche mit einer Steigung mit in ihrer Höhe variabler Konizität als Funktion von Defekten in Form und Abmessungen von durch die Presse hergestellten Stücken bearbeitet sind.
EP10707503.8A 2009-03-04 2010-03-02 Presswerkzeug Active EP2403669B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0951360A FR2942733B1 (fr) 2009-03-04 2009-03-04 Outillage de presse
PCT/EP2010/052580 WO2010100123A2 (fr) 2009-03-04 2010-03-02 Outillage de presse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2403669A2 EP2403669A2 (de) 2012-01-11
EP2403669B1 true EP2403669B1 (de) 2019-02-20

Family

ID=41057685

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10707503.8A Active EP2403669B1 (de) 2009-03-04 2010-03-02 Presswerkzeug

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8702411B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2403669B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5785100B2 (de)
CN (1) CN102341201B (de)
FR (1) FR2942733B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2010100123A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3021805B1 (fr) 2014-05-27 2019-05-03 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Presse pour mettre en forme des pastilles dans un environnement restreint et hostile et procede d'assemblage de la presse
CN106738210A (zh) * 2016-12-26 2017-05-31 同方威视技术股份有限公司 一种模具及利用该模具制造gos闪烁陶瓷的方法
US11325335B2 (en) * 2018-08-07 2022-05-10 The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretarv of the Navy Pressing oriented pellets in a magnetic field

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010100123A3 (fr) 2010-11-11
US8702411B2 (en) 2014-04-22
FR2942733B1 (fr) 2015-12-25
FR2942733A1 (fr) 2010-09-10
EP2403669A2 (de) 2012-01-11
CN102341201B (zh) 2014-03-12
JP2012519080A (ja) 2012-08-23
WO2010100123A2 (fr) 2010-09-10
US20110311667A1 (en) 2011-12-22
JP5785100B2 (ja) 2015-09-24
CN102341201A (zh) 2012-02-01

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