EP0296074B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sandgiessen von Verbundkörpern aus einem Fasereinsatz und einer mit Leichtmetall legierten Grundmasse - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sandgiessen von Verbundkörpern aus einem Fasereinsatz und einer mit Leichtmetall legierten Grundmasse Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0296074B1
EP0296074B1 EP88420187A EP88420187A EP0296074B1 EP 0296074 B1 EP0296074 B1 EP 0296074B1 EP 88420187 A EP88420187 A EP 88420187A EP 88420187 A EP88420187 A EP 88420187A EP 0296074 B1 EP0296074 B1 EP 0296074B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
bath
mould
cavity
mold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88420187A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0296074A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Charbonnier
François Goliard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Constellium Issoire SAS
Original Assignee
Pechiney Rhenalu SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pechiney Rhenalu SAS filed Critical Pechiney Rhenalu SAS
Priority to AT88420187T priority Critical patent/ATE62161T1/de
Publication of EP0296074A1 publication Critical patent/EP0296074A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0296074B1 publication Critical patent/EP0296074B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/08—Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for molding in sand of composite parts with a light alloy matrix and a fibrous insert according to the preambles of claims 1 and 5.
  • alloys based on light metals such as aluminum or magnesium for example, for the production of parts intended to equip means of land or air transport is more and more widespread because it allows in particular to reduce the energy consumption necessary for their propulsion.
  • the first of these methods makes it possible to produce highly reinforced parts and achieve high characteristics, but the shape and size of the parts are limited.
  • the second is intended for the manufacture of composites with reinforcement of particles or short fibers dispersed throughout the mass of the part.
  • the third is the only one which makes it possible to make parts of complicated shape, of large dimensions, reinforced locally but the applicable pressures are limited.
  • the Applicant is more particularly interested in the manufacture of composite parts reinforced with long fiber inserts in a traditional sand mold provided with an imprint, associated with a supply pipe plunging into a liquid metal bath contained in an oven. , association described for example in French Patent No. 2,147,827, and applying the principle of infiltration.
  • This process in which a sand mold is used containing in its imprint a preform of a fibrous insert and fed by means of a tubing immersed in a liquid metallic bath contained in an oven is characterized in that a depression is created in the mold and above the bath, then the pressure is increased above the bath so as to obtain a positive pressure difference ⁇ P relative to the mold and thus to repress the metal in the mold, then the pressure above atmospheric pressure is simultaneously increased both in the mold and above the bath while maintaining the same difference ⁇ P until the part solidifies.
  • the invention therefore consists first of all in bringing the pressure which prevails in the mold and above the bath to a value lower than atmospheric pressure. Because of the permeability of the sand, it suffices to put the outside of the mold under vacuum to obtain this result inside the cavity and consequently within the naturally permeable gas preform. Preferably, it is sought to reach a residual pressure at most equal to 3 ⁇ 103 Pa.
  • this residual pressure is increased above the bath by making an air inlet for example in the oven so that under the difference of the positive pressure ⁇ P thus created above the bath compared to the mold, the metal rises into the tube and enters the mold cavity.
  • the preform having no contact with the walls of the cavity is thus completely surrounded by the liquid metal which shields any passage of gas.
  • the invention also relates to a device for implementing the method described above.
  • this device comprises a sand mold produced from the usual materials such as silica, alumina, zircon, olivine, etc., in the divided state and linked together by means of either a organic resin, or a mineral binder of the sodium silicate, colloidal silica, ethyl silicate or phosphate type, for example.
  • this mold In the imprint of this mold is placed a mass of long ceramic fibers preferably and of the graphite, silicon carbide, alumina, etc. type, to which a suitable shape has been given to the reinforcement of the part.
  • This preform is placed inside the cavity and kept away from the walls of the mold by any suitable means. In this way, it is possible to make a complete coating of its walls by the metal during the casting of the part and to ensure its tightness with respect to the mold, an essential condition for carrying out the process described above.
  • This mold is enclosed in a sealed chamber provided with a pipe in communication for example with a vacuum pump or a compressor. From this chamber also opens a pipe integral with the mold which connects the impression to the metal bath to be molded and allows the impression to be fed.
  • the mold can be equipped with heating means intended to perform preheating before the introduction of the metal; this makes it possible to slow down the solidification of the part and thus to facilitate the impregnation of the preform and the obtaining of thin walls.
  • the device according to the invention also comprises an electrically heated oven containing the metal to be molded and placed below the mold.
  • This oven can also be placed in a chamber similar to that of the mold. However, it is also possible to enclose it as it is in a sealed enclosure with the mold surrounded by its chamber.
  • the first pipe is that of the mold chamber
  • the second is related to the atmosphere from the oven.
  • the enclosure In operation, having set up the preform in the cavity, closed the mold and heated and filled the metal oven, the enclosure is closed by means of a cover and then puts the two pipes in communication with means of placing under depression.
  • the pressure gauge remains at 0.
  • the enclosure pipe is then isolated from the vacuum means and open to the atmosphere for the time necessary for the pressure gauge to indicate a pressure equal to ⁇ P.
  • the metal is forced back from the oven to the mold.
  • the venting being closed and the pipe of the chamber being isolated from the vacuum means, the two pipes are put in communication with the pressurization means and by means of adjustment valves, the pressure gauge at value ⁇ P.
  • the two pipes are isolated from the pressurizing means and placed in the atmosphere.
  • the enclosure and the mold are then opened successively and the part is extracted.
  • a particular means for sealing between the preform and the mold by means of the metal consists in providing the imprint of housings equipped on their faces with metal sheets juxtaposed between them and which lie inside the footprint. The ends of the preform are then placed in contact with these sheets. Thus, when the metal fills the mold, it seals the sheets together and the housings become gas tight; the preform thus has no contact with the walls of the mold through which the gases could penetrate when pressurized.
  • the fibrous preform 17 Inside the impression is placed the fibrous preform 17, the ends of which are placed in housings formed by metal sheets 18 which extend along 19 inside the impression.
  • the invention finds its application in the production by sand molding of parts having good cohesion between the insert and the matrix.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Verfahren zum Sandgießen von Verbundkörpern mit einer Matrix aus einer Leichtmetallegierung und einem faserstoffhaltigen Einsatz in eine Gießform (6), die in ihrem Hohlraum (5) einen Vorförmling des Einsatzes einschließt und mittels eines Rohrsystems (4), das in eine in einem Schmelzofen (2) befindliche Schmelze (3) aus flüssigem Metall eintaucht, gespeist wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Gießform und über der Schmelze ein Unterdruck erzeugt wird, daß dann der Druck über der Schmelze derart erhöht wird, daß bezüglich der Gießform eine positive Druckdifferenz ΔP erzeugt wird und daß somit das Metall in die Gießform gedrückt wird, und daß nachfolgend der Druck in der Gießform und über der Schmelze gleichzeitig über den Atmosphärendruck erhöht wird, wobei die gleiche Druckdifferenz ΔP bis zur Verfestigung des Körpers erhalten wird.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, wenn der Unterdruck angelegt wird, der verbleibende Druck in der Gießform oder über der Schmelze höchstens gleich 3 × 10³ Pa ist.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wert ΔP zwischen 5 × 10³ Pa und 1,5 × 10⁵ Pa liegt.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druck bis zu einem Wert zwischen dem 3- und 20-fachen des Atmosphärendrucks erhöht wird.
5. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 mit einer mit einem Hohlraum (5) ausgestatteten Sandgießform (6), mit einem elektrisch beheizten Schmelzofen (2), der unter der Gießform angeordnet ist und eine Schmelze (3) von zu gießendem Metall enthält, und mit einem Rohrsystem (4), das mit der Gußform verbunden ist und das mit dem Hohlraum durch eines seiner Enden in Verbindung steht und mit dem anderen Ende in die Schmelze eintaucht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gießform (6) in ihrem Hohlraum (5) einen faserhaltigen Vorförmling (17) umschließt, dessen gesamte Flächen von den Wandungen des Hohlraums beabstandet sind, und in einer dichten, mit einer Leitung (8) verbundenen Kammer (7) angeordnet ist, die mit Mitteln zum Herstellen eines Über- oder Unterdrucks (11) verbunden ist, und daß die Gießform (6), der Schmelzofen (2) und das Rohrsystem (4) in einem dichten Behälter (1) enthalten sind, der mit einer Leitung (9) zum Anschluß an Mittel zum Herstellen eines Überdrucks (12) versehen ist, wobei die beiden Leitungen (8) und (9) untereinander durch einen dazwischenliegenden Differentialdruckmesser (10) verbunden sind.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlraum Halterungen besitzt, die auf ihren Stirnseiten mit nebeneinanderliegenden Metallblechen versehen sind, die sich gemäß (19) in das Innere des Hohlraums erstrecken und in Kontakt mit denen die Enden des Vorförmlings angeordnet sind.
EP88420187A 1987-06-11 1988-06-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sandgiessen von Verbundkörpern aus einem Fasereinsatz und einer mit Leichtmetall legierten Grundmasse Expired - Lifetime EP0296074B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88420187T ATE62161T1 (de) 1987-06-11 1988-06-09 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum sandgiessen von verbundkoerpern aus einem fasereinsatz und einer mit leichtmetall legierten grundmasse.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8708749A FR2616363B1 (fr) 1987-06-11 1987-06-11 Procede et dispositif de moulage en sable de pieces composites a matrice en alliage leger et insert fibreux
FR8708749 1987-06-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0296074A1 EP0296074A1 (de) 1988-12-21
EP0296074B1 true EP0296074B1 (de) 1991-04-03

Family

ID=9352354

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88420187A Expired - Lifetime EP0296074B1 (de) 1987-06-11 1988-06-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sandgiessen von Verbundkörpern aus einem Fasereinsatz und einer mit Leichtmetall legierten Grundmasse

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4889177A (de)
EP (1) EP0296074B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0734986B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE62161T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1326586C (de)
DE (1) DE3862247D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2021460B3 (de)
FR (1) FR2616363B1 (de)
GR (1) GR3001726T3 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104475699A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-04-01 界首市一鸣新材料科技有限公司 一种采用差压铸造法直接成型泡沫铝零件的工艺

Families Citing this family (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0722795B1 (de) * 1988-07-31 1998-11-25 Asahi Tec Corporation Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Giessen von Fahrzeugrädern
US5111871B1 (en) * 1989-03-17 1993-12-28 J. Cook Arnold Method of vacuum casting
FR2648064A1 (fr) * 1989-06-12 1990-12-14 Etude Dev Metallurg Procede de coulee basse pression dans un moule sous vide plus specialement destine a la realisation de pieces a parties minces et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre
US5224533A (en) * 1989-07-18 1993-07-06 Lanxide Technology Company, Lp Method of forming metal matrix composite bodies by a self-generated vaccum process, and products produced therefrom
US5247986A (en) * 1989-07-21 1993-09-28 Lanxide Technology Company, Lp Method of forming macrocomposite bodies by self-generated vacuum techniques, and products produced therefrom
US5188164A (en) * 1989-07-21 1993-02-23 Lanxide Technology Company, Lp Method of forming macrocomposite bodies by self-generated vacuum techniques using a glassy seal
GB2247636A (en) * 1990-08-03 1992-03-11 Atomic Energy Authority Uk The manufacture of composite materials
US5394930A (en) * 1990-09-17 1995-03-07 Kennerknecht; Steven Casting method for metal matrix composite castings
US5244031A (en) * 1990-10-09 1993-09-14 Arnold Cook Dual mode gas system for casting
US5678298A (en) * 1991-03-21 1997-10-21 Howmet Corporation Method of making composite castings using reinforcement insert cladding
US5241737A (en) * 1991-03-21 1993-09-07 Howmet Corporation Method of making a composite casting
US5241738A (en) * 1991-03-21 1993-09-07 Howmet Corporation Method of making a composite casting
US5616421A (en) * 1991-04-08 1997-04-01 Aluminum Company Of America Metal matrix composites containing electrical insulators
US5570502A (en) * 1991-04-08 1996-11-05 Aluminum Company Of America Fabricating metal matrix composites containing electrical insulators
US5775403A (en) * 1991-04-08 1998-07-07 Aluminum Company Of America Incorporating partially sintered preforms in metal matrix composites
US5259436A (en) * 1991-04-08 1993-11-09 Aluminum Company Of America Fabrication of metal matrix composites by vacuum die casting
US5263530A (en) * 1991-09-11 1993-11-23 Howmet Corporation Method of making a composite casting
JP2791529B2 (ja) * 1992-03-26 1998-08-27 日立金属株式会社 差圧鋳造方法及び差圧鋳造装置
US5332022A (en) * 1992-09-08 1994-07-26 Howmet Corporation Composite casting method
US5981083A (en) * 1993-01-08 1999-11-09 Howmet Corporation Method of making composite castings using reinforcement insert cladding
US5322109A (en) * 1993-05-10 1994-06-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology, A Massachusetts Corp. Method for pressure infiltration casting using a vent tube
FR2705044B1 (fr) * 1993-05-10 1995-08-04 Merrien Pierre Procede de coulee pilotee sous basse pression d'un moule sous vide pour alliages d'aluminium ou de magnesium et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre.
AT406837B (de) * 1994-02-10 2000-09-25 Electrovac Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von metall-matrix-verbundwerkstoffen
US5701993A (en) * 1994-06-10 1997-12-30 Eaton Corporation Porosity-free electrical contact material, pressure cast method and apparatus
US5787961A (en) * 1994-10-14 1998-08-04 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Thixocasting process, for a thixocasting alloy material
US6148899A (en) * 1998-01-29 2000-11-21 Metal Matrix Cast Composites, Inc. Methods of high throughput pressure infiltration casting
FR2826598B1 (fr) * 2001-07-02 2003-10-24 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede et dispositif de moulage d'une piece metallique comportant un insert poreux et utilisation
WO2006091619A2 (en) * 2005-02-22 2006-08-31 Milwaukee School Of Engineering Casting process
DE102005019252A1 (de) 2005-04-26 2006-11-09 Wacker Chemie Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Organylhydrogensilanen
CN100391654C (zh) * 2005-09-22 2008-06-04 上海交通大学 铝基复合材料的反重力真空吸铸制备方法
CN1317094C (zh) * 2005-09-22 2007-05-23 上海交通大学 铝基复合材料反重力真空吸铸成形设备
US8283047B2 (en) * 2006-06-08 2012-10-09 Howmet Corporation Method of making composite casting and composite casting
US8801388B2 (en) 2010-12-20 2014-08-12 Honeywell International Inc. Bi-cast turbine rotor disks and methods of forming same
EP2789444B1 (de) * 2013-04-11 2017-05-31 Airbus Operations GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines faserverstärkten Kunststoffgussteils
WO2016113879A1 (ja) 2015-01-15 2016-07-21 日産自動車株式会社 低圧鋳造方法及び低圧鋳造装置
CN108746552A (zh) * 2018-04-18 2018-11-06 益阳仪纬科技有限公司 一种薄壁壳体铝合金铸件的铸造方法

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4050503A (en) * 1973-08-16 1977-09-27 Institute Po Metaloznanie I Technologia Na Metalite Apparatus for controlling the rate of filling of casting molds
FR2340156A2 (fr) * 1976-02-03 1977-09-02 Pechiney Aluminium Procede et dispositif de moulage sous basse pression
JPS5647262A (en) * 1979-09-25 1981-04-28 Komatsu Ltd Back pressure casting method
JPS5728662A (en) * 1980-07-30 1982-02-16 Nikkei Giken:Kk Pressure die-casting equipment for material having opened part
JPS5737559U (de) * 1980-08-14 1982-02-27
BG33467A1 (en) * 1980-12-11 1983-03-15 Nikolov Method and machine for castind under presure
JPS5884661A (ja) * 1981-11-12 1983-05-20 Toyota Motor Corp 加圧鋳造法及び装置
GB2115327B (en) * 1982-02-08 1985-10-09 Secr Defence Casting fibre reinforced metals
SU1037222A1 (ru) * 1982-05-24 1983-08-23 Украинский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Научно-Исследовательский Институт Металлов Устройство дл регулировани скорости разливки металла под давлением
JPS59100236A (ja) * 1983-11-01 1984-06-09 Honda Motor Co Ltd 繊維強化複合部材の製造方法
FR2556996B1 (fr) * 1983-12-26 1988-03-11 Pont A Mousson Procede d'alimentation de moules de fonderie en alliages metalliques sous pression differentielle controlee
JPS61119369A (ja) * 1984-09-11 1986-06-06 Nikkei Giken:Kk 開口部を有する部材の加圧鋳造装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104475699A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-04-01 界首市一鸣新材料科技有限公司 一种采用差压铸造法直接成型泡沫铝零件的工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR3001726T3 (en) 1992-11-23
DE3862247D1 (de) 1991-05-08
JPS63317246A (ja) 1988-12-26
FR2616363B1 (fr) 1991-04-19
CA1326586C (fr) 1994-02-01
JPH0734986B2 (ja) 1995-04-19
EP0296074A1 (de) 1988-12-21
US4889177A (en) 1989-12-26
FR2616363A1 (fr) 1988-12-16
ATE62161T1 (de) 1991-04-15
ES2021460B3 (es) 1991-11-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0296074B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sandgiessen von Verbundkörpern aus einem Fasereinsatz und einer mit Leichtmetall legierten Grundmasse
EP0274964B1 (de) Verfahren zum Giessen von metallischen Gegenständen unter Verwendung eines verlorenen Schaumkunststoffmodells
US5111871A (en) Method of vacuum casting
FR2614813A1 (fr) Appareil et procede de coulee de metal a contre-gravite
FR2712218A1 (fr) Pièce en métal ou en céramique à coque extérieure dense et à âme poreuse, ainsi que son procédé de fabrication.
FR2662071A1 (fr) Procede de moulage par coulee de metaux dentaires.
FR2591920A1 (fr) Methode de fabrication de pieces en fonte
EP0461052B1 (de) Niederdruck-Vollformgiessverfahren von Gegenstände aus Aluminiumlegierung
EP0426581B1 (de) Verfahren zum Vollformgiessen von metallischen Gegenständen unter kontrolliertem Druck
FR2662072A1 (fr) Procede de moulage par coulee de metaux dentaires.
CA1039026A (fr) Installation de coulee rapide basse pression
JPS58125359A (ja) 竪型加圧鋳造装置
EP1717007B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Pressformen von Kunststoff-Verbundwerkstoffen mit Hilfe von geschmolzenen Metalllegierungen
FR2556996A1 (fr) Procede d'alimentation de moules de fonderie en alliages metalliques sous pression differentielle controlee
FR2829951A1 (fr) Procede de realisation par moulage sous pression d'un element en alliage d'aluminium travaille
EP0386384B1 (de) Verfahren zum Vollformgiessen von metallischen Gegenständen unter Druck
EP0421039A1 (de) Verfahren zum Druckgiessen von metallischen Gegenständen unter Verwendung eines verlorenen Schaumkunststoffmodells
JPH0957422A (ja) 減圧鋳造法
FR2615768A1 (fr) Procede de moulage en coquille, notamment metallique, et dispositif et coquille s'y rapportant
FR2647380A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif de moulage de metaux utilisant des modeles gazeifiables et un materiau de moulage sans liant
JPS58221244A (ja) 複合材料の製造方法及び製造装置
EP0648559B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Gussstückes durch Giessen mit verlorenem Modell
EP0119939A1 (de) Verfahren zum Drucksintern von Aluminiumlegierungspulvern
SU789241A1 (ru) Способ получени биметаллических трубчатых изделий и устройство дл его осуществлени
FR2644087A2 (fr) Perfectionnement au procede de moulage a mousse perdue de pieces metalliques

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19890214

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: CEGEDUR PECHINEY RHENALU

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19900125

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: PECHINEY RHENALU

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 62161

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19910415

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: ING. A. GIAMBROCONO & C. S.R.L.

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3862247

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19910508

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: FG4A

Free format text: 3001726

EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 88420187.2

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19990630

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20000524

Year of fee payment: 13

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20000524

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20000526

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20000529

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20000605

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20000607

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20000615

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20000621

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20000707

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010101

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20010101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010609

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010609

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010609

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010610

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010611

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010630

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010630

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010630

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010630

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: PECHINEY RHENALU

Effective date: 20010630

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20010609

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 88420187.2

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020403

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20030206

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050609