EP0418566A1 - Dispositif pour détecter les signaux typiques d'un hélicoptère et allumer des mines sol-air - Google Patents

Dispositif pour détecter les signaux typiques d'un hélicoptère et allumer des mines sol-air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0418566A1
EP0418566A1 EP90115901A EP90115901A EP0418566A1 EP 0418566 A1 EP0418566 A1 EP 0418566A1 EP 90115901 A EP90115901 A EP 90115901A EP 90115901 A EP90115901 A EP 90115901A EP 0418566 A1 EP0418566 A1 EP 0418566A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
infrared sensor
helicopter
microphone
directional
directional characteristic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90115901A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0418566B1 (fr
Inventor
Curt Reichert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SenSys AG
Original Assignee
SenSys AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SenSys AG filed Critical SenSys AG
Publication of EP0418566A1 publication Critical patent/EP0418566A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0418566B1 publication Critical patent/EP0418566B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C13/00—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
    • F42C13/06—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by sound waves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/001—Electric circuits for fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
    • F42C11/007—Electric circuits for fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for land mines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C13/00—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
    • F42C13/02—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by intensity of light or similar radiation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for target detection and launching for surface-to-fire mines to be fired in helicopter combat.
  • a surface mine is a defense mine that is fired from the ground, but fights a flying object, such as a helicopter.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for target detection and launch of such a surface-air mine, which is characterized by a particularly great simplicity and reliability and low energy consumption.
  • a device which is characterized by the following components: a microphone that is sensitive to helicopter noise, an infrared sensor, which is matched with its directional characteristic to the scattering range of the active body, and an electronic evaluation device that analyzes the helicopter noises and, when a predetermined intensity is reached and the infrared sensor responds at the same time, causes the firing.
  • the device according to the invention combines the advantages of a mine that is autonomous and can be placed inconspicuously with modern electronics and sensors and consequently makes this mine usable in the third dimension.
  • the surface-air mine equipped with a device according to the invention is set up rigidly. There is no tracking. A number of mines must therefore be set up side by side with different firing directions in order to cover an air space to a predetermined extent. The density of the lineups and the spreading effect of the floor determine the effectiveness of the mine belt, which functions in the third dimension.
  • a single microphone can be used.
  • the recorded noises are analyzed for the structure typical for helicopters.
  • acoustic detection is not carried out, but rather acoustic detection.
  • This acoustic detection defines, as it were, a second phase in which the infrared sensor and the corresponding electronics are switched on and in which the third phase, namely the launch, also takes place.
  • the electronic evaluation device splits the signals generated by the microphone and / or infrared sensor into different branches, evaluates them separately, leads them to a comparator and then to a logic operation.
  • the electronic evaluation device splits the signals generated by the microphone into a branch of 5-40 Hz and a branch of 200-1000 Hz.
  • the first range corresponds to a sound frequency range (infrasound), which is caused by the rotating rotor of a helicopter, while the machine noise of the helicopter is in the second range. Only if signals of both frequency ranges are available as well as the infrared sensor responds, a launch is effected.
  • the evaluation electronics split into several areas, and the mine is only ignited if signals are generated which fall within these frequency ranges characteristic of helicopters.
  • the latter has a radial directional lobe, in the direction of which the surface-air mine can be fired.
  • the term "directional lobe" denotes the reception characteristic of an infrared sensor or an aggregate of infrared sensors. It is more or less club-shaped in the functional area of the device according to the invention. The sensitivity increases towards the axis.
  • the infrared sensor must ensure a suitable tripping behavior with a directional characteristic.
  • the helicopter or its infrared source (turbine) appears quite small compared to the mine cone.
  • An infrared detector the sensitivity of which is directly matched to the scattering cone, therefore only gives a relatively weak infrared signal.
  • a certain susceptibility to faults eg moving clouds
  • the invention proposes a further alternative in which the infrared sensor has a sensitivity distribution in which a multiplicity of segments of maximum sensitivity are located within an active cone.
  • a sensitivity distribution of the infrared sensor can easily be achieved by segmented infrared lenses or mirrors. This gives a very clear signal when the helicopter is flying through one of the segments, and the sensitivity to interference is reduced.
  • the microphone used in accordance with the invention there is the condition that it is sensitive to helicopter noises, especially those in the infrasound range (caused by rotor rotation). Such a microphone does not need to have a special directional characteristic.
  • a directional microphone with a conical acoustic directional characteristic directed at the target area for the solution according to the invention, which defines a target field with its acoustic directional characteristic.
  • the directional lobe of the infrared sensor which is narrow compared to the acoustic directional characteristic, then preferably runs in the center of the target field of the acoustic directional characteristic.
  • the term “acoustic directional characteristic” denotes the reception characteristic of a directional microphone. In the functional area in this embodiment of the invention, it is connected more or less conically, the sensitivity increasing towards the center of the cone.
  • the surface-air mine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is used to combat helicopters. It has a directional microphone with a cone-shaped acoustic directional characteristic 2.
  • the directional microphone is sensitive to helicopter noises, in particular the frequency ranges 5 - 40 Hz and 200 - 1000 Hz.
  • Various cones of this directional characteristic 2 are shown in FIG.
  • the device also has an infrared sensor with a beam-shaped directional lobe 3.
  • the directional microphone and the infrared sensor cannot be seen in FIG. 1 for reasons of scale. They form, as it were, the roots of 2 and 3.
  • the ground-air mine 1 can be fired. It also has an electronic evaluation device.
  • FIG. 2 shows the helicopter noises, which are recorded as measurement record 4 over a time axis and which are picked up by the electronic evaluation device, and the infrared signal 5 which the electronic evaluation device takes over from the infrared sensor.
  • the directional microphone is aimed at the target area and, with its acoustic directional characteristic 2, defines a target field, in the center of which the directional lobe 3, which is narrow in relation to the acoustic directional characteristic 2, extends.
  • the electronic evaluation device analyzes the helicopter noise. When a predetermined intensity of the helicopter noise is reached and the infrared sensor responds at the same time, the surface-air mine 1 is fired, i.e. the ignition for the marching movement of the surface-air mine 1 causes.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a ground-air mine 10 similar to FIG. 1, a particularly preferred embodiment of an infrared sensor (not shown) being used in this exemplary embodiment.
  • This infrared sensor has a plurality of active cones 3, which form segments of maximum sensitivity, which are arranged in an overall active cone 20.
  • Such a sensitivity distribution can be achieved by segmented infrared lenses or mirrors.
  • the gaps between the segments 30 lead to the probability that the helicopter will not be detected when passing through the cone. This probability increases with increasing distance from the mine.
  • Such behavior is very desirable because the effectiveness of the mine is limited to a certain distance (for example 100 m). This provides a certain level of protection against false triggering caused by helicopters flying at great heights.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the evaluation electronics which are used in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the device comprises a microphone 40, the electrical signals generated as a function of the helicopter noise are split up into different branches by filters 41, 41. In this embodiment, two filters are shown; however, further subdivisions can also be made.
  • the split signals are then evaluated separately and fed to a logic element 43 via respective comparators 42.
  • FIG. 4 also shows an infrared sensor 44. Its signals are also fed to the link 43 via a filter 45 and a comparator 46. Here, too, a split into several branches can take place, as is indicated in dashed lines.
  • the link 43 triggers the ignition device of the mine when there are signals from the two branches of the microphone when a signal is present from the infrared sensor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP90115901A 1989-08-22 1990-08-20 Dispositif pour détecter les signaux typiques d'un hélicoptère et allumer des mines sol-air Expired - Lifetime EP0418566B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3927663A DE3927663C3 (de) 1989-08-22 1989-08-22 Vorrichtung für die Zielerkennung und Abschußauslösung für abzufeuernde Boden-Luftminen bei der Hubschrauberbekämpfung
DE3927663 1989-08-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0418566A1 true EP0418566A1 (fr) 1991-03-27
EP0418566B1 EP0418566B1 (fr) 1994-05-18

Family

ID=6387603

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90115901A Expired - Lifetime EP0418566B1 (fr) 1989-08-22 1990-08-20 Dispositif pour détecter les signaux typiques d'un hélicoptère et allumer des mines sol-air

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5147977A (fr)
EP (1) EP0418566B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE105931T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3927663C3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2056320T3 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA906603B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2682470A1 (fr) * 1991-10-10 1993-04-16 Diehl Gmbh & Co Procede d'activation d'une mine.

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19906970C2 (de) * 1999-02-19 2003-03-27 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Aufklärungssonde
US7957225B2 (en) * 2007-12-21 2011-06-07 Textron Systems Corporation Alerting system for a facility
US10741037B2 (en) * 2018-05-16 2020-08-11 Avaya Inc. Method and system for detecting inaudible sounds

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3614723A (en) * 1967-08-19 1971-10-19 Licentia Gmbh Aiming arrangement
US3902172A (en) * 1962-03-29 1975-08-26 Us Navy Infrared gated radio fuzing system
FR2495762A1 (fr) * 1980-12-05 1982-06-11 Diehl Gmbh & Co Circuit d'allumage pour des corps explosifs
DE3101722A1 (de) * 1981-01-21 1982-08-12 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München "vorrichtung fuer die waffenausloesung"
GB2108246A (en) * 1981-10-14 1983-05-11 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Apparatus for combatting targets
EP0152516A2 (fr) * 1983-07-25 1985-08-28 Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Mine

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1590594A (fr) * 1968-05-17 1970-04-20
FR2205186A5 (fr) * 1972-11-02 1974-05-24 Lacroix E
DE2336040C3 (de) * 1973-07-14 1980-06-19 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen Abwehrsystem mit mehreren Geschossen
DE2829239C1 (de) * 1978-07-04 1983-06-09 Eltro GmbH, Gesellschaft für Strahlungstechnik, 6900 Heidelberg Verfahren und Anordnung zur Erkennung eines anfliegenden Hubschraubers zum Zweck einer Abwehraktion
FR2541444A1 (fr) * 1982-06-25 1984-08-24 Thomson Csf Dispositif de detection a distance du type mine et systeme de tir comportant de tels dispositifs
FR2599860B1 (fr) * 1984-03-22 1989-12-01 France Etat Armement Procede et dispositif pour la detection acoustique passive d'aeronefs, notamment d'helicopteres
DE3538785A1 (de) * 1985-10-31 1987-05-07 Diehl Gmbh & Co Mine mit weck- und ausloesesensoren
IL86525A0 (en) * 1988-05-27 1988-11-15 Cohen David Promixity detector mine system
DE3837483A1 (de) * 1988-11-04 1990-05-10 Diehl Gmbh & Co Motorisch ausrichtbare mine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3902172A (en) * 1962-03-29 1975-08-26 Us Navy Infrared gated radio fuzing system
US3614723A (en) * 1967-08-19 1971-10-19 Licentia Gmbh Aiming arrangement
FR2495762A1 (fr) * 1980-12-05 1982-06-11 Diehl Gmbh & Co Circuit d'allumage pour des corps explosifs
DE3101722A1 (de) * 1981-01-21 1982-08-12 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München "vorrichtung fuer die waffenausloesung"
GB2108246A (en) * 1981-10-14 1983-05-11 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Apparatus for combatting targets
EP0152516A2 (fr) * 1983-07-25 1985-08-28 Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Mine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2682470A1 (fr) * 1991-10-10 1993-04-16 Diehl Gmbh & Co Procede d'activation d'une mine.
US5371502A (en) * 1991-10-10 1994-12-06 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Method for the activation of a mine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0418566B1 (fr) 1994-05-18
ES2056320T3 (es) 1994-10-01
DE3927663C2 (fr) 1993-04-22
DE3927663C3 (de) 1998-11-12
DE3927663A1 (de) 1991-03-14
DE59005728D1 (de) 1994-06-23
US5147977A (en) 1992-09-15
ZA906603B (en) 1991-06-26
ATE105931T1 (de) 1994-06-15

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