EP0408727A1 - Derives glycosyl phospholipidiques de nucleosides et leur application en tant que medicaments - Google Patents

Derives glycosyl phospholipidiques de nucleosides et leur application en tant que medicaments

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Publication number
EP0408727A1
EP0408727A1 EP90902803A EP90902803A EP0408727A1 EP 0408727 A1 EP0408727 A1 EP 0408727A1 EP 90902803 A EP90902803 A EP 90902803A EP 90902803 A EP90902803 A EP 90902803A EP 0408727 A1 EP0408727 A1 EP 0408727A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
group
formula
derivatives
motif
phosphodiester
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90902803A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Tam Huynh Dinh
Catherine Gouyette
Jean Igolen
Robert Fauve
Luc Montagnier
Yvette Henin
Olivier Schwartz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institut Pasteur
Original Assignee
Institut Pasteur
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Institut Pasteur filed Critical Institut Pasteur
Publication of EP0408727A1 publication Critical patent/EP0408727A1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
    • C07H19/10—Pyrimidine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is glycosyl phospholipid derivatives of nucleosides more especially of thymidine and uridine, having in particular antiretroviral properties.
  • nucleoside derivatives have been shown to be active in the prevention and treatment of infections caused by retroviruses such as HIV-1 and HIV-2.
  • azido 3 'thymidine AAT
  • Other active pyrimidine base derivatives consist of dideoxy 2 ', 3' thymidine (ddT) and deoxy 2 'fluoro 5' uridine (dUF).
  • These derivatives in fact constitute in particular lipophilic transporters capable of crossing a cell or viral membrane, prodrugs of nucleotides, that is to say of the biologically active entity of the nucleoside as well as targeting vectors preferentially directed towards the macrophages.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide phosphodiesters and phosphotriesters derived from thymidine and uridine having in particular antiretroviral properties.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide medicaments containing these derivatives as active principle.
  • ose represents a C 5 or C 6 , D or L sugar motif, with the exception of glucose when x is equal to 1, the phosphorylee substitution chain being attached in position 1 or in position 6 of the ose motif to which it is attached,
  • - x is a number from 1 to 12
  • - A represents a hydrogen atom or an aie group. representing a hydrocarbon radical, saturated or unsaturated, of 5 to 30 carbon atoms, optionally substituted,
  • R 1 represents an N 3 group, a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a nitrile group or a hydroxyl group, and
  • R 2 represents an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or a nitrile group.
  • the dare motif is a sugar chosen from C 5 or C 6 , D or L sugars.
  • Mannosylated derivatives are particularly preferred. In addition to transmembrane transport qualities, they make it possible to orient the nucleoside preferentially towards macrophages which have receptors with D-mannose molecules.
  • retroviruses preferably bind to and replicate in these macrophages, the importance of having derivatives constituting targeting vectors on macrophages is measured.
  • Such a selective orientation of the biologically active molecules in fact makes it possible to reduce the side effects of these derivatives or their toxicity towards other types of cells.
  • x is a number from 2 to 12, these derivatives then being substituted by a disaccharide or oligosaccharide chain of 3 to 12 sugar units, these units being identical or different.
  • Another group of derivatives of the invention comprises a single dare motif.
  • Mannose substituted derivatives are more especially preferred.
  • mannosylated derivatives of phosphotriesters are phosphorylated in position 6 of the mannose motif and correspond to formula II:
  • Another preferred family of phosphotriesters is formed from the phosphorylated derivatives in position 1 of the mannose motif and corresponds to formula III: 0
  • R 1 , R 2 , y and alc are as defined above.
  • the alk group advantageously represents an alkyl or alkoxy chain containing from 5 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • This chain is, where appropriate, substituted at the end by a group -NH 2 , -NHR 'or -N (R', R "), in which R 'and R", identical or different, represent an alkyl group from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • - R 1 and R 2 are as defined above, and - R 4 represents a group:
  • Preferred nucleoside phosphodiesters have a mannose motif substituted in position 6 and more specifically correspond to formula V:
  • R 1 and R 2 are as defined above.
  • nucleoside phosphodiesters are mannose derivatives phosphorylated in position 1 and correspond to formula VI:
  • R 1 , R 2 and y are as defined above.
  • the phosphorylee substitution chain occupies position 1 or position 6 of the ose motif on which it is attached, the other hydroxyl radicals of the ose motif (s) being blocked by groups which protect from hydroxyl radicals, these groups being identical or different
  • R 1 and R 2 being as defined above,
  • the condensation step between derivatives VII and VIII is advantageously carried out at a temperature above ambient, in an organic solvent medium.
  • Suitable solvents include pyridine and acetonitrile.
  • the desired coupling is obtained by operating at a temperature of 60 to 80 ° C., in particular close to
  • reaction is carried out under an atmosphere of inert gas such as nitrogen or argon.
  • an excess of derivative of formula VII is used relative to the nucleoside of formula VIII.
  • An excess in moles of 1.5 to 2 makes it possible to carry out the coupling under satisfactory conditions.
  • an activating compound such as trichloroacetonitrile (Cramer F. and Weimann G. (1961) Chenu Ber. 94 996-1007) is added.
  • the phosphomonoesters used are in the form of pyridinium salt, morpholine, tetraethylammonium.
  • the protective groups are removed prior to the attachment of an alkyl chain.
  • acyl groups in particular acetyl groups, or the benzoyl group or alternatively these variously substituted radicals.
  • the acyl groups are eliminated, for example using sodium hydroxide solutions, a NH 3 / CH 3 OH mixture, or sodium methylate.
  • a reactive derivative B-alc is used for the step of fixing the alc group.
  • B is advantageously a halide, in particular a bromide or an iodide, or also a tosylate, or a sulfonium salt.
  • the reaction is advantageously carried out in an organic solvent medium, at a temperature above ambient, in particular from 50 to 100 ° C.
  • organic solvents which can be used, mention will be made of acetonitrile, dimethylformamide and nitromethane.
  • the reactive derivative B-alc. is used in an excess of at least about 10 times more, in mole, relative to the phosphodiester, which is preferably in the form of high reactivity salt.
  • an oside derivative is reacted in which a dare notifier is substituted in position 6 or 1 by a cyanoethylphosphate group, this derivative corresponding to formula XI:
  • the coupling reaction is advantageously carried out in an organic solvent, at room temperature in the presence of TPSNT.
  • the derivative of formula XI is advantageously obtained by reaction of the ose or of the oligosaccharide which it is desired to introduce into the derivative to be synthesized with cyanoethylphosphate in the form of reactive salt.
  • the anti-retroviral properties of the products of the invention have been demonstrated by studying in vitro, more particularly their inhibitory action with respect to the cytopathogenic effect of retroviruses and with respect to the replication of these retroviruses .
  • these inhibitory actions are obtained at non-toxic doses for human T lymphocytes, which makes it possible to use the derivatives of the invention for the preparation of anti-retroviral compositions.
  • a subject of the invention is therefore also pharmaceutical compositions, characterized in that they comprise an effective amount of at least one derivative of formula I in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle.
  • the invention relates in particular to pharmaceutical compositions made from mannosylated derivatives.
  • compositions are particularly useful for treating AIDS and related diseases.
  • compositions are in forms suitable for oral, nasal, topical, rectal, vaginal, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular or intradermal administration.
  • Orally administrable compositions include tablets, tablets, granules, solutions or suspensions in an aqueous or non-aqueous medium.
  • suppositories and vaginal creams or foams are used.
  • formulations used for parenteral administration are advantageously formed by sterile or non-aqueous solutions or suspensions.
  • X represents a hydrogen atom or a hexadecyl chain
  • This synthesis is carried out from D-mannose 6-phosphate and comprises the following five steps:
  • the precipitate is filtered and the filtrate is cooled. About 30 ml of ice is slowly added to hydrolyze the excess anhydride. The hydrolysis is allowed to continue for 30 minutes, then the mixture is evaporated to dryness under vacuum and then coevaporated several times with toluene to remove all traces of pyridine. It is then taken up in water and the aqueous phase is washed several times with dichloromethane. The aqueous phase is then reduced in volume before being passed over a column of Dowex 50 WX8 H + R resin, previously exchanged in pyridinium form.
  • the solvent is decanted and the precipitate is chromatographed on a silica column 7734 Merck R eluted with dichloromethane gradually enriched in methanol.
  • a column of Dowex 50 WX8 H + R resin, previously balanced in tetrabutylammonium form, is prepared by stirring this resin in tetrabutylammonium hydroxide concentrated and washing to neutral pH of the washing water.
  • step 3 is carried out as indicated above.
  • step 5 The protocol of step 5 is applied to 55 mg (0.075 mmol) of the phosphodiester (12) and 0.44 ml (0.0775 ⁇ 18) of 1-iodohexadecane (8).
  • Is obtained after chromatography: 17 mg 6-D-mannosyl hexadecyl 5 'dideoxy 2'3' thymidinyl phosphate (product CT 7390): Yield 32% (13.)
  • step 5 218 mg (0.298 mmol) of the diester (17.) and 1.689 ml (0.298 ⁇ 18 amoles) of 1-iodohexadecane (8) are used.
  • This synthesis is carried out starting from a derivative of D-mannose whose -OH groups are protected with the exception of the anomeric carbon, namely a 1-bromo tetra-O-benzoyl 2,3,4,6- D-mannose (19.) and includes the following steps:
  • reaction mixture is prepared in a 100 ml flask: 0.71 ml (5 amoles) of 2 benzyloxyethanol (21) in 15 ml of anhydrous nitromethane and 15 ml of anhydrous toluene.
  • 2.282 g (5 ⁇ 1.266 mmol) of mercuric bromide HgBr 2 and 1.6 g (5 ⁇ 1.266 mmol) of mercuric cyanide HgCN 2 are added, as well as 5 g of 4 A molecular sieve.
  • 3.295 g (5 mmol) of ⁇ -bromo-1 tetra-O-benzoyl 2,3,4,6 D-mannose are added (19).
  • the precipitate is filtered and the filtrate is diluted with toluene.
  • the organic phase is then washed with ice water, ice-cold saturated sodium bicarbonate, and again with ice water.
  • the organic phase is evaporated to dryness after drying and filtration over sodium sulfate.
  • the oil obtained above (20) is dissolved in 60 ml of absolute ethanol and hydrogenated in the presence of 50 mg of palladium on carbon at 10%.
  • the barium salt of cyanoethyl phosphate is first exchanged to the pyridinium salt. To this end, 2.6 g of this barium salt (8.043 mmol) are added in 15 ml of water and with good stirring, Dowex 50 WX8 H + R resin is added until the salt is completely dissolved. The mixture is left stirring for another hour and then the mixture is passed through a Dowex 50 WX8 H + R column and the product is collected directly in pyridine. Elute with water and continue to collect as long as the pH of the eluate is acidic.
  • the mixture is evaporated to dryness, taken up in a minimum of dichloromethane and precipitated with petroleum ether.
  • the product is purified on a silica column 7734 Merck R balanced with a hexane: ethyl acetate mixture 1/1 and gradually enriched until pure ethyl acetate.
  • step f the pyridinium salt is exchanged for the tetrabutylammonium salt.
  • the condensation step is carried out starting from 100 mg of deoxy 2 'fluoro 5 uridine (14) (0.406 mmol) and 588 mg (0.406 ⁇ 17 excess) of condensed phosphate (23) in anhydrous pyridine in the presence of
  • HIV vis-à-vis a continuous line of T4 lyaphocytes by colorimetric assay with MTT, technique developed in the laboratory of viral oncology (O.Schwartz et al, 1988, AIDS Research and Human Retrovirus, vol 4, n ° 6, p.441);
  • the CEM-C113 line (a clone particularly sensitive to the ECP of the virus) was used.
  • the viral solution used obtained from a supernatant of CEM producing cells, was titrated before use.
  • the colorimetric test uses MTT (3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide), a yellow substrate which causes the formation of a dark blue product, when incubated with living cells.
  • MTT 3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide
  • the intensity of the color formed is directly proportional to the concentration of living cells present in the sample studied.
  • MTT is dissolved in PBS at 5 ⁇ g / ml and filtered. Ten ⁇ l of this stock solution is added to the microwells containing 100 ⁇ l of sample of cells to be tested.
  • the plates are incubated at 37 ° C for 4 hours. The supernatants are then gently removed and 150 ⁇ l of 0.04 N HCl solution in isopropanol is added to dissolve the blue crystals formed. The plates are then read in a microplate reader (Biotek) at a wavelength of 540 nm. Study of the cytotoxicity of the products tested
  • control cells (virus and drug free) define the absorbance of 100% during the MTT test.
  • the cytotoxic dose 50 is defined as being that resulting in a decrease in absorbance of 50% compared to the controls.
  • the anti-HIV activity is determined using the following formula: D.O. (drug + HIV) - D.O. (HIV)
  • DO (drug) - DO (HIV) DO (drug + HIV) represents the absorbance at 540 nm of the cells treated with the drugs and infected with the virus.
  • D.O. represents the absorbance at 540 nm of cells infected with the virus and not treated with drugs.
  • D.O. represents the absorbance at 540 nm of the cells treated by the drugs and not infected.
  • the protective dose 50 (ED50) is that which protects 50% of the PCE.
  • a product will be all the more interesting if the gap between the CD50 and the ED50 is high. This difference is quantified by the selectivity index (CD50 / ED50 ratio).
  • mannosylated derivatives of AZT according to the invention (phosphodiesters 7624 and 7626, phosphotriesters 7625 and 7627).
  • AZT >125>125> 125 49 ddC> 35 0 0 0 It is found that AZT has a selectivity index greater than 50 after 22 days of culture.
  • the products 7624, 7626 have selectivity indexes comparable to AZT.
  • the reverse transcriptase activity is determined directly from 50 ⁇ l of culture supernatant according to the following method: the enzymatic activities are measured after addition of 10 ⁇ l of a reaction mixture containing 0.1% Triton X100, 0.1 M KCl , 10 mM DTT to which is added 40 ⁇ l of a reaction mixture containing 5 mM EGTA in 0.5 M of Tris-HCl buffer, 0.5 M MgCl 2 , 1 ⁇ Ci 3 HTTP, 0.5 g / l poly (rA) oligo (dT).
  • the reaction is stopped by adding a solution of Na 4 P 2 O 7 at 120 mM in 60% TCA and then left at 4 ° C for 15 minutes.
  • the precipitated material is recovered by a Skatron filtration system after several washes with Na 4 P 2 O 7 at 12 mM in 5% TCA.
  • the filters are dried and the radioactivity is measured using a ⁇ scintillation counter (Packard).
  • Table 2 below represents the assay of the reverse transcriptase activity in the culture supernatants after 7 to 26 days.
  • the tests are carried out in Swiss mice.
  • the assayed products are AZT (control), phosphodiesters, mannosyl-6 CT 7626, mannosyl-1 CT 7624 and the corresponding phosphotriesters CT 7627 and CT 7625.
  • the animals receive 25 mg / kg orally of AZT or of phosphodiester and triester (approximately 500 ⁇ g / mouse).
  • the products are dissolved in distilled water (or suspended in distilled water) before being administered by gavage; the tests are carried out by administering each product to 3 mice.
  • the control is carried out in 3 mice receiving the equivalent of the vehicle, ie distilled water in quantity and volume equal to the treated mice.
  • the brains are removed 1 hour after gavage, homogenized in an acetonitrile-water mixture (3/1), centrifuged and the supernatant is removed for the HPLC assay.
  • the supernatant (1/2) is assayed by HPLC on a column of C18 silica; the quantification is made by internal calibration, by addition of a determined quantity of compounds to be assayed (AZT, phosphodiester and triester) in the other half of the supernatant.
  • AZT phosphodiester and triester
  • each line corresponds to a series of dosages.
  • the first and last columns summarize the results and give the quantities of AZT (in ⁇ mol) given by ingestion of aqueous solutions to mice and the total quantities of AZT (in nanomol) found per gram of brain. of 1.87 ⁇ mol of AZT (500 ⁇ g) per mouse makes it possible to find 2.7 nanomol of AZT per gram of brain.
  • phosphodiesters and triesters of AZT appear to be particularly efficient lipophilic derivatives of AZT compared to the AZT derivatives synthesized to date: the oral administration of these compounds makes it possible to find practically 3 times more AZT in the brain, with the ingestion of a 2 to 3 times lower dose of AZT.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Communicable Diseases (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Oncology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
EP90902803A 1989-01-30 1990-01-30 Derives glycosyl phospholipidiques de nucleosides et leur application en tant que medicaments Withdrawn EP0408727A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8901134A FR2642428A1 (fr) 1989-01-30 1989-01-30 Derives glycosyl phospholipidiques de nucleosides et leur application en tant que medicaments
FR8901134 1989-01-30

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EP (1) EP0408727A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPH03503772A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2642428A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1990008769A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5563257A (en) * 1990-08-20 1996-10-08 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Phospholipid derivatives of nucleosides

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2631964B1 (fr) * 1988-05-31 1990-09-07 Pasteur Institut Glucosyl phosphotriesters de derives de thymidine ayant une activite contre les retrovirus

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9008769A1 *

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FR2642428B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1994-11-10
WO1990008769A1 (fr) 1990-08-09
FR2642428A1 (fr) 1990-08-03
JPH03503772A (ja) 1991-08-22

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