EP0408453B1 - Vorrichtung für eine elektromagnetische Giessdüse zum Regeln eines Flüssigmetallstrahles - Google Patents

Vorrichtung für eine elektromagnetische Giessdüse zum Regeln eines Flüssigmetallstrahles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0408453B1
EP0408453B1 EP90402006A EP90402006A EP0408453B1 EP 0408453 B1 EP0408453 B1 EP 0408453B1 EP 90402006 A EP90402006 A EP 90402006A EP 90402006 A EP90402006 A EP 90402006A EP 0408453 B1 EP0408453 B1 EP 0408453B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jet
electromagnetic
crucible
liquid metal
outlet
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EP90402006A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0408453A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Antoine Bellanger Ducrocq
Marcel Garnier
Pascal Joseph Rivat
Maurita Roscini
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/08—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like for bottom pouring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
    • B22D39/003—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations using electromagnetic field

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic nozzle device which can be used in particular at the outlet of a crucible for the stabilized casting of a liquid metal with variable flow rate in the form of ultra-clean material intended in particular for the atomization of metal powders such as for manufacture of superalloy parts for aeronautical applications.
  • the known and currently used methods for the preparation of superalloys involve melting operations in a crucible of refractory material of ceramic type carried out in a vacuum furnace . During this operation, a metal / ceramic reaction takes place, which inevitably results in the presence of ceramic inclusions in the material obtained. A refining of the superalloy is therefore made necessary each time the application conditions impose the obtaining of a so-called super-clean superalloy. This is particularly the case for nickel-based superalloys intended for aeronautical applications, such as parts of aeronautical turbine engines or other propulsion assemblies.
  • Various known techniques are used to obtain such an inclusive refining, for example by remelting in a cooled crucible, the fusion being obtained either by electric arc, or by electron beam or by plasma beam.
  • FR-A-2 316 026, FR-A-2 396 612 and FR-A-2 397 251 have thus described electromagnetic devices operating at high frequency in which a copper screen is necessary to obtain the desired confinement.
  • the industrial implementation of such devices such as on an installation for atomizing powders of nickel-based superalloys, however presents serious difficulties.
  • FR-A-2 457 730 can eliminate the copper screen, but the device operating at low frequency requires in many applications to use significant powers, not compatible with industrialization, as soon as significant reductions in the jet of liquid metal are becoming necessary, especially in powder atomization techniques.
  • An electromagnetic nozzle device making it possible to avoid the drawbacks of known prior devices is characterized in that the electromagnetic induction with turns is associated with a magnetic field concentrator device disposed between said coil inductor and the outlet walls of the crucible which it surrounds externally, said magnetic field concentrator device consisting of four to eight three-dimensional sectors separated by radial slots, each sector comprising a diametrically external semi-cylindrical wall and a semi-wall -cylindrical diametrically internal, coaxial and of smaller height, the respective four edges of these walls being joined by planar portions and the cavity thus formed being cooled by water, said internal and external walls comprising turns forming an electromagnetic inductor.
  • FIGS. 1 a and 1 b show detailed views of an electromagnetic nozzle device produced in accordance with the invention usable for controlling the jet of liquid metal, in particular at the outlet of the crucible of a installation for casting molten metal as partially shown in FIG. 2.
  • the nozzle comprises an electromagnetic inductor 1, of a type known per se, comprising several turns 1 a and the implementation of which (power supplies, etc.) is also known per se and does not will not be the subject of a more detailed description.
  • the inductor 1 is disposed at the outlet of a crucible 2 and externally surrounds the walls of said crucible. Between said inductor 1 and said walls of the crucible 2 is placed a device 3 magnetic field concentrator.
  • the field concentrator 3 is sectorized and in fact, the field concentration effect appears as soon as a slot is present. To avoid deformation or deflection of the jet due to a higher magnetic field intensity in front of a slot, the field concentrator 3 is produced in an even number of equal sectors distributed symmetrically. For ease of production and in the applications targeted by the invention for the casting of metals or the atomization of superalloys, in particular based on nickel, the number of sectors provided is eight but it can be reduced to four.
  • each sector 4 is made of copper plates and has a radially outer wall 4 has a semi-cylindrical wall arranged vertically relative to the crucible 2 and a wall radially internal 4b semi-cylindrical, coaxial with the previous one but of lower height.
  • the respective four edges of these wall elements 4a and 4b are joined by four planar wall portions, upper 4c, lower 4d and lateral 4e and 4f. the internal cavity 5 thus formed inside each sector 4 is filled with cooling water.
  • Each semi-cylindrical wall 4a and 4b has turns 6a and 7a so as to form an electromagnetic inductor.
  • the sectors 4 of the magnetic field concentrator 3 are separated by radial slots 3a.
  • the crucible 2 of a type known per se has walls 8 whose particular geometry makes it possible to keep most of the liquid metal 9 in levitation. Said walls 8 include cooling tubes 10 supplied by a water box 11. The liquid metal is discharged at the outlet of the crucible 2 through an orifice 12 masked by a cooled finger 13 capable of being retracted.
  • the detail of the lower part of the crucible 2, opened after retraction of the finger 13, shown in FIG. 3 shows the evacuation of a jet of liquid metal from the crucible.
  • the jet of liquid metal has a diameter coincident with that of the material nozzle 14 located at the bottom of the crucible 2.
  • the metal jet has a reduction in section 15.
  • the lower part of this crucible 20 schematically represented in the FIG. 4 comprises an orifice 31 at the level of which the concentrator 3 of magnetic fields is positioned which causes a reduction in section 15 which separates the metal from contact with the wall 32a of the material nozzle 32.
  • a frequency domain f such as: 100 Hz ⁇ f, ⁇ 106 Hz in which the jet of liquid metal is not only channeled but also contracted is thus obtained.
  • the electromagnetic nozzle device with field concentrator device thus makes it possible to ensure, by means of a choice of implementation parameters adapted to each application according to the criteria which have been indicated. the desired results and in particular a separation of the liquid metal from the walls of the reflow crucible, in particular at the level of the material nozzle leaving the crucible, thus avoiding any contact between walls and liquid metal and thereby any risk of pollution.
  • the device also has the advantage of ensuring stability of the jet of liquid metal contracted over a significant distance and thus a laminar flow is obtained over a distance which can be greater than ten times the outlet diameter of the electromagnetic nozzle.
  • the compactness of the device according to the invention facilitates the installation at the outlet of the crucible of an installation of the "super clean" type of reflow by electron beam, by plasma beam or, as in the example described, by reflow in a cold crucible, a casting installation (in a mold for example) or finally a powder atomization installation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Elektromagnetische Düsenanordnung, die am Ausgang eines Metallschmelzofens angeordnet ist und einen elektromagnetischen Induktor (1) mit Windungen (1a) umfaßt, gekennzeichnet durch einen zwischen dem Induktor (1) mit Windungen und den Wandungen der Austrittsöffnung des Ofens (2) angeordneten Magnetfeldkonzentrator (3), der die Austrittsöffnung außen umschließt und aus wenigstens vier dreidimensionalen Sektoren (4) besteht, die durch in regelmäßiger Verteilung um die Austrittsöffnung des Ofens angeordnete radiale Schlitze (3a) voneinander getrennt sind, die einen wassergekühlten inneren Hohlraum (5) besitzen und in der diametral äußeren Wandung (4a) bzw. in der diametral inneren Wandung (4b) Windungen (6a, 7b) tragen, die einen elektromagnetischen Induktor bilden.
  2. Elektromagnetische Düsenanordnung nach Anspruch 1, bei der acht der genannten Sektoren (4) vorgesehen sind, deren diametral äußere Wandung (4a) die Form eines Zylindersegmentteils mit vertikaler Achse und deren diametral innere Wandung (4b) die Form eines koaxialen Zylindersegmentteils mit kleinerer Höhe besitzt, wobei die vier Ränder eines äußeren Segments und des zugehörigen inneren Segments durch ebene Teile (4c, 4d, 4e, 4f) miteinander verbunden sind.
  3. Elektromagnetische Düsenanordnung nach Anspruch 2, bei der die Wandungen der Sektoren (4) des Magnetfeldkonzentrators aus Kupfer bestehen.
  4. Elektromagnetische Düsenanordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Frequenz des an den Gießmetallstrahl angelegten elektromagnetischen Feldes innerhalb eines für jede Anwendung definierten optimalen Bereichs zwischen einer minimalen Frequenz f₁ und einer maximalen Frequenz f₂ liegt,
    wobei die minimale Frequenz f₁ gegeben ist durch f₁ = 1/πµσR²,
    Figure imgb0006
     worin
       µ die magnetische Permeabilität im Vakuum,
       σ die elektrische Leitfähigkeit des betreffenden flüssigen Metalls und
       R der Radius des flüssigen Metallstrahls
    bedeuten,
    und wobei die maximale Frequenz f₂ unter Berücksichtigung folgender Faktoren exerimentell bestimmt wird:
    - verfügbare Leistung,
    - Zündrisiko,
    - Begrenzung der Verluste in dem Induktor und in dem Magnetfeldkonzentrator,
    - durch den Kontraktionskoeffizienten X gemessene Effizienz
    X = (de - ds)/de
    Figure imgb0007
     mit
       de = Durchmesser des flüssigen Strahls am Eingang der Düse und
       ds = Durchmesser des flüssigen Strahls am Ausgang der Düse,
    während die Intensität B des auf den Strahl einwirkenden Magnetfeldes durch die Beziehung Pm = B²/2µ
    Figure imgb0008
     mit dem gewünschten magnetischen Druck Pm verknüpft ist, der auf die Peripherie des Strahls ausgeübt wird.
  5. Elektromagnetische Düsenanordnung nach Anspruch 4, bei dem der genannte optimale Bereich der Frequenz f des Magnetfeldes für einen Kontraktionskoeffizienten X, der größer ist als 50%, gegeben ist durch 5·10³ Hz < f < 5·10⁵ Hz.
  6. Elektromagnetische Düsenanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie an der Austrittsöffnung eines Schmelzofens (2) angeordnet ist, der für die Zerstäubung eines flüssigen Metalls zur Gewinnung von ultrareinen Pulvermaterialien, insbesondere von Superlegierungspulvern, verwendet wird.
EP90402006A 1989-07-12 1990-07-12 Vorrichtung für eine elektromagnetische Giessdüse zum Regeln eines Flüssigmetallstrahles Expired - Lifetime EP0408453B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8909369 1989-07-12
FR8909369A FR2649625B1 (fr) 1989-07-12 1989-07-12 Dispositif de busette electromagnetique pour le controle d'un jet de metal liquide

Publications (2)

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EP0408453A1 EP0408453A1 (de) 1991-01-16
EP0408453B1 true EP0408453B1 (de) 1993-03-31

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US (1) US5074532A (de)
EP (1) EP0408453B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0645810B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69001217T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2649625B1 (de)

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US5272718A (en) * 1990-04-09 1993-12-21 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for forming a stream of molten material
DE4105154A1 (de) * 1990-11-17 1992-05-21 Eckart Standard Bronzepulver Verfahren zur herstellung von metallpartikeln aus einer metallschmelze durch verduesung
US5160532A (en) * 1991-10-21 1992-11-03 General Electric Company Direct processing of electroslag refined metal
JP2967092B2 (ja) * 1991-12-20 1999-10-25 科学技術庁金属材料技術研究所長 浮上溶解装置
DE4222399C2 (de) * 1992-07-08 2001-06-07 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Gießstrahl-Führungstrichter
US5261611A (en) * 1992-07-17 1993-11-16 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Metal atomization spray nozzle
DE4319128C1 (de) * 1993-06-09 1995-02-23 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren und Einrichtung zur freiformenden Herstellung dreidimensionaler Bauteile einer vorgegebenen Form
FR2708725B1 (fr) 1993-07-29 1995-11-10 Imphy Sa Procédé de fusion d'un matériau électroconducteur dans un four de fusion par induction en creuset froid et four de fusion pour la mise en Óoeuvre de ce procédé.
US5598200A (en) * 1995-01-26 1997-01-28 Gore; David W. Method and apparatus for producing a discrete droplet of high temperature liquid
JP2001516282A (ja) * 1996-08-03 2001-09-25 デイデイエル―ヴエルケ アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト 液状の金属を注入及び／又は鋳造する方法、装置及び耐火性ノズル
FR2773820B1 (fr) * 1998-01-22 2000-02-25 Snecma Procede d'enduction metallique de fibres par voie liquide
FR2779363B1 (fr) * 1998-06-08 2001-01-19 Bruno Jean Marie Aubert Procede d'acceleration et de guidage de fluides dans un champ electromagnetique. mise en oeuvre sur une lance a incendie pour en augmenter la portee
FR2788709B1 (fr) * 1999-01-21 2001-02-23 Snecma Procede pour alimenter un creuset a levitation
WO2004094705A1 (ja) * 2003-04-23 2004-11-04 Stella Chemifa Corporation フッ化物結晶の製造装置
JP4902119B2 (ja) * 2005-01-12 2012-03-21 デジタルパウダー株式会社 金属シリコン粒子の製造方法
CN100357049C (zh) * 2005-09-29 2007-12-26 赫冀成 电磁旋流水口
DE102008037259A1 (de) * 2008-08-08 2010-02-25 Doncasters Precision Castings-Bochum Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Stopfen
EP2819798A4 (de) * 2012-02-29 2015-12-23 Erasteel Kloster Ab System für metallzerstäubung und verfahren zur zerstäubung von metallpulver
FR3044748B1 (fr) * 2015-12-03 2019-07-19 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Four a creuset froid a chauffage par deux inducteurs electromagnetiques, utilisation du four pour la fusion d'un melange de metal(ux) et d'oxyde(s) representatif d'un corium
CN105945271B (zh) * 2016-07-06 2018-10-26 上海华培动力科技股份有限公司 一种自动可控定量浇注装置及其浇注工艺
CN106363188A (zh) * 2016-11-21 2017-02-01 张森 一种形成稳定的金属液流的装置
CN106334799A (zh) * 2016-11-21 2017-01-18 张森 一种金属粉末的生产方法
EP3363560A1 (de) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-22 ABB Schweiz AG Verfahren und rührsystem zu steuerung eines elektromagnetischen rührers
WO2019246255A1 (en) * 2018-06-20 2019-12-26 Ultraflex International, Inc. Melting and controlling the flow of molten metal by electromagnetic force utilizing multiple induction coils

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FR2632115A1 (fr) * 1988-05-30 1989-12-01 Ugine Aciers Inducteur pour dispositif de mise en forme de metal liquide par des forces electromagnetiques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2649625A1 (fr) 1991-01-18
JPH0645810B2 (ja) 1994-06-15
JPH03115508A (ja) 1991-05-16
US5074532A (en) 1991-12-24
FR2649625B1 (fr) 1994-05-13
DE69001217D1 (de) 1993-05-06
DE69001217T2 (de) 1993-09-23
EP0408453A1 (de) 1991-01-16

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