EP0275228A1 - Verfahren und Anlage zum Schmelzen und Stranggiessen von Metallen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Anlage zum Schmelzen und Stranggiessen von Metallen Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0275228A1
EP0275228A1 EP88420010A EP88420010A EP0275228A1 EP 0275228 A1 EP0275228 A1 EP 0275228A1 EP 88420010 A EP88420010 A EP 88420010A EP 88420010 A EP88420010 A EP 88420010A EP 0275228 A1 EP0275228 A1 EP 0275228A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crucible
sectorized
wall
height
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88420010A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0275228B1 (de
Inventor
Marcel Garnier
Jean Driole
Annie Gagnoud
Patrick Paillère
Edouard Alhéritière
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Europeenne du Zirconium Cezus SA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Europeenne du Zirconium Cezus SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Europeenne du Zirconium Cezus SA filed Critical Compagnie Europeenne du Zirconium Cezus SA
Priority to AT88420010T priority Critical patent/ATE83597T1/de
Publication of EP0275228A1 publication Critical patent/EP0275228A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0275228B1 publication Critical patent/EP0275228B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vertical device for melting and continuous casting of metals, of the type called a cold crucible with induction heating.
  • the cold crucible has a conductive wall, often of copper, consisting of several longitudinal sectors, in number ranging from 4 to more than 20, juxtaposed, electrically isolated from each other, and traversed by an internal circulation of coolant.
  • This wall is thus maintained at a temperature much lower than that of the melt.
  • the crucible is surrounded, over part of its height, by a cooled coaxial helical inductor, traversed by an alternating current at medium or high frequency.
  • the division into sectors of the wall of the crucible allows the alternating magnetic field of the inductor to induce in the metallic mass to be treated currents which heat it and stir it when it is melted.
  • the molten metal is gradually evacuated through an orifice, generally located at the bottom of the crucible.
  • the device is then used exclusively for heating, solidification taking place in a separate ingot mold.
  • the contamination of the metal by the wall can be avoided by the formation of a film of solidified slag in contact with the wall, which constitutes a sheath around the liquid metal.
  • Another solution is electromagnetic confinement using an alternating magnetic field which develops forces causing the lateral surface of the melt to peel off from the wall.
  • the metal is evacuated progressively in the solid state, by pulling down.
  • the device then ensures the heating (melting) of the load, its cooling (solidification) and its extraction.
  • This is the case of US Pat. No. 3,775,091.
  • the metal is never in contact with the vertical cylindrical crucible, because on the one hand it is subjected to electromagnetic confinement forces, on the other hand a layer of solidified slag is interposed between the metal (liquid or solid) and the wall over the entire height of the appliance.
  • the long contact length between the solid mass and the wall requires a great tensile force, and precautions to avoid the tearing of material on the wall of the crucible; on the other hand, it is necessary to peel the layer of slag which adheres to the ingot before transforming it.
  • the slag is difficult to handle, constitutes a risk of metal pollution and corrosion of the crucible, requires additional oven cleaning operations, because it vaporizes when working under vacuum, and prevents the obtaining of an ingot shape. other than cylindrical.
  • the invention which relates to a device of the 2nd category above, overcomes these drawbacks.
  • the device according to the invention for continuous metal casting, comprising a vertical conductive cold crucible, the wall of which is formed at least over part of its height by longitudinal sectors electrically isolated from each other and traversed by a cooling, a helical coil inductor surrounding the crucible over part of its height and supplied with alternating current, serving both for heating and confining the metal, an ingot drawing system from below and possibly an enclosure with controlled insulating atmosphere at least the contents of the crucible of the external atmosphere, is characterized in that the crucible comprises a sectored upper zone with parallel vertical generators and a sectorized lower zone which is connected to the upper zone and whose generatrices deviate downwards from the connection of these two zones and in that the lowest turn of the inductor is at this connection.
  • This structure allows, by means of the electric adjustment of the inductor, to obtain the electromagnetic confinement of the liquid mass away of the wall, except in a portion of very low height, preferably not exceeding 1 cm, at the connection of the 2 zones of the crucible, where the side wall or skin of the metal is made to solidify in contact with the cold wall from the crucible. Below this level, the thickness of the solidified metal increases until it concerns the entire section of the ingot. Due to the change in cross section of the crucible passing from the upper zone to the lower zone, the solid metal only touches the wall at the low height indicated.
  • this contact zone is therefore limited to less than 1 cm, preferably 2 to 5 mm.
  • the level of the lowest coil of the inductor is very important. If it is located above the connection between the two zones of the crucible, it is not possible to limit the height of contact of the metal with the wall sufficiently, hence difficulties in the electrical field, and for drawing the ingot. On the other hand, if it is located below the connection, the risk of liquid metal running down the wall increases appreciably.
  • the reference level for the lowest turn of the inductor is that of the intersection of the extensions of these 2 zones.
  • the angle of inclination of the oblique generatrices of the lower zone of the crucible relative to the vertical generatrices of the upper sectorized wall of this crucible depends on the coefficient of contraction of the material on solidification. It must be chosen so that the ingot remains as close as possible to the wall so that it can continue to cool while avoiding touching it. An angle between 1 ° and 5 ° and preferably of the order of 2 ° is generally chosen.
  • the device contains as constant a quantity of metal as possible, the supply and extraction being precisely regulated.
  • the top of the dome of liquid metal (form due to electromagnetic confinement) is maintained at a constant level which depends on the electrical and magnetic characteristics of the system and the nature of the metal.
  • the height of the inductor is preferably chosen such that its upper turn is at the level of the top of the liquid dome. If the height of the inductor is smaller, there is an instability of the dome, with the risk of contact of the metal with the wall in unwanted areas. It is advantageous for the sectored upper zone of the crucible to exceed the top of the liquid dome by an amount of the order of 1/6 of the internal transverse dimension of the crucible.
  • the internal transverse dimension is half of the smallest dimension of the crucible. In the case of a circular section, it is the radius. In the case of an ellipse, it is the half minor axis. In the case of a square, it is the half side. In the case of a rectangle it is half width. Finally, in the case of a complex section, it is half the distance between the closest parallel segments or half the distance between the closest parallel tangent points.
  • the crucible can be extended upward by a non-sectored area. Then, the total height of the crucible above the highest turn of the inductor is at least equal to half of the interior transverse dimension of the crucible. The internal transverse dimension of the crucible is measured in the upper zone with vertical generators surrounded by the inductor.
  • the sectorized lower zone of the crucible has a total height at least equal to half the internal transverse dimension of the crucible to avoid a screen effect causing a drop in energy efficiency. Its wall is either entirely oblique or initially oblique and then extended downwards by a vertical portion.
  • the height of the oblique part is at least equal to a quarter of the internal transverse dimension of the crucible.
  • the crucible can also be extended downwards by a non-sectored zone with a vertical or oblique cooled wall connecting to the sectorized zone which is above it. Its height will preferably be between half the internal transverse dimension of the crucible and this dimension. Its role is above all to continue cooling the ingot.
  • the wall of the crucible is made of a material which is a good thermal and electrical conductor (for example, copper, aluminum) so as to have good energy efficiency.
  • the continuous slag-free casting according to the invention which requires a low metal-wall direct contact zone, requires a connection angle between the liquid and the wall corresponding to poor wetting. It is then necessary in certain cases to provide the internal surface of the crucible with a surface coating, for example metallic, or to subject it to a surface treatment, so as to obtain an excellent surface condition for the ingot.
  • the device of the invention is suitable for the production of cylindrical ingots. It is also suitable for the dairy-free preparation of ingots of non-circular cross-section, for example polygonal, the inner wall of the upper zone of the crucible then being of polygonal cylindrical shape, ingots which cannot be obtained in the presence of slag, because the solidification of this in the angles harms the good filling of the section with metal.
  • the inductors In order to obtain an effective value of the uniform magnetic field along the internal wall of the crucible, the inductors must be modified.
  • the distance between inductor and wall is varied in the vicinity of the angles to reduce the intensity of the field.
  • the magnetic circuit is arranged in the rectilinear parts of the crucible section, for example by partially surrounding the inductor with magnetic sheets or ferrites, possibly cooled, to increase the field in these areas.
  • FIG. 1b the electrical and fluid connections have not been shown.
  • 1 is a copper crucible with a circular section 180 mm high.
  • the upper 125 mm (a + b + c) consist of 16 hollow sectors 2 which are each of substantially trapezoidal cross section (Figure 1a), cooled by internal circulation of water, the lower 55 mm (d) being constituted by a skirt 3 also cooled by internal circulation of water ( Figure 1b).
  • the upper zone 4 of the crucible 1 is in the form of a cylinder 80 mm high and 60 mm in internal diameter.
  • the inductor 6 is a copper tube 1 mm thick and 6 mm in internal diameter, wound helically over a height of 7 substantially contiguous and isolated turns, with a diameter of 85 mm. 7 is the false bottom of the cylindrical part of the crucible, on which the solidified metal 8 of the ingot rests and which is drawn downwards in steady state.
  • Titanium shavings are purified by reflow.
  • the titanium false back is in position such that its upper face is located at mid-height of the inductor.
  • the electric power is gradually increased until the upper part of the false bottom melts.
  • the false bottom is pulled slightly, titanium shavings are fed and the power is further increased to its nominal value.
  • FIG 2 shows the semi-continuous casting installation used.
  • the crucible 20 is placed inside the sealed enclosure 21 under argon at atmospheric pressure.
  • the means for introducing inert gas or placing under vacuum are not shown.
  • the hopper 22 contains the material which is fed into the crucible via the distributor 23.
  • the false bottom 7 which supports the ingot 25 is linked to the rod 26 which is driven by the device 27 and which passes tightly through the wall of the enclosure 21.
  • the operation of the supply and extraction devices are synchronized by means of a regulator not shown, controlled by laser measurement of the level of the dome of liquid metal in the crucible.
  • a crucible was produced having substantially the same dimensions as that of Example 1, with only 2 differences: the angle of the cone was 2.5 ° and the height of the lower conical skirt not sectored was 70 mm.
  • the operating power is 35 kW at the terminals of the inductor, with a frequency current of 9 kHz.
  • Example 2 The procedure is the same as in Example 1.
  • the metal-wall contact height is between 2 and 8 mm during the whole operation.
  • the supply of zirconium chips is 175. g / min, the drawing speed of 1 cm / min.
  • a 9.4 kg ingot is obtained, having a good surface condition and the following impurity contents: WHERE 700 ppm C 30 ppm N2 80 ppm Cu ⁇ 10 ppm
  • a copper crucible with 16 sectors was produced, with an internal diameter of 100 mm, with a total height of 280 mm.
  • the sectors extend over a height of 230 mm from the top.
  • the upper part is cylindrical and 130 mm high, the lower part is tapered with an angle of 2 ° and with a sectored height of 100 mm.
  • the inductor with 10 turns in tube of outside diameter 8 mm, and thickness 1 mm, has a height of 85 mm and an inside diameter of 150 mm.
  • the metal / wall contact height remains between 5 and 10 mm. In 75 min, a 35 kg ingot is obtained.
  • the corresponding internal transverse dimension 1/2 is 9 mm.
  • Its total height is 110 mm. It comprises, from top to bottom, a sectorized cylindrical part of 65 mm in height, a sectorized conical part of 15 mm and a non-sectorized conical part of 30 mm.
  • the angle of the cone is 2 °.
  • the number of sectors is 18.
  • the inductor 106 with 6 turns has a height of 50 mm. It is made of the same copper tube as in the previous examples.
  • the space between crucible and inductor is 10 mm, except in the vicinity of the angles where it is increased.
  • This figure represents a variant of Example 4, where the inductor 206 of substantially constant spacing with the sectors of the crucible 200, is surrounded by magnetic sheets 2060 on its rectilinear parts, so as to increase the field in the corresponding zones.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
EP88420010A 1987-01-15 1988-01-13 Verfahren und Anlage zum Schmelzen und Stranggiessen von Metallen Expired - Lifetime EP0275228B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88420010T ATE83597T1 (de) 1987-01-15 1988-01-13 Verfahren und anlage zum schmelzen und stranggiessen von metallen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8700814A FR2609655B1 (fr) 1987-01-15 1987-01-15 Dispositif de fusion et coulee continue de metaux, son procede de mise en oeuvre et son utilisation
FR8700814 1987-01-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0275228A1 true EP0275228A1 (de) 1988-07-20
EP0275228B1 EP0275228B1 (de) 1992-12-16

Family

ID=9347226

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88420010A Expired - Lifetime EP0275228B1 (de) 1987-01-15 1988-01-13 Verfahren und Anlage zum Schmelzen und Stranggiessen von Metallen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4838933A (de)
EP (1) EP0275228B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS63192543A (de)
KR (1) KR910007297B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE83597T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1326752C (de)
DE (1) DE3876638T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2036275T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2609655B1 (de)
NO (1) NO169877C (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0395286A2 (de) * 1989-04-17 1990-10-31 Inductotherm Corp. Induktionsschmelzen ohne Tiegel für Metalle
FR2648065A1 (fr) * 1989-06-12 1990-12-14 Solvay Dispositif pour recuperer par fusion le metal constitutif d'un noyau fusible
US5156202A (en) * 1989-07-15 1992-10-20 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Process and permanent mold for mold-casting electrically conductive material
FR2711034A1 (fr) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-14 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Appareil de lévitation et de fusion et son procédé de fonctionnement.

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2648829B1 (fr) * 1989-06-22 1993-12-31 Jeumont Schneider Procede et dispositif de separation des constituants d'un alliage
US5193607A (en) * 1990-05-15 1993-03-16 Daido Tokushuko K.K. Method for precision casting of titanium or titanium alloy
JP3287031B2 (ja) * 1991-10-16 2002-05-27 神鋼電機株式会社 コールドウォール誘導溶解ルツボ炉
US5460642A (en) * 1994-03-21 1995-10-24 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Aerosol reduction process for metal halides
US6158498A (en) * 1997-10-21 2000-12-12 Wagstaff, Inc. Casting of molten metal in an open ended mold cavity
SE512774C2 (sv) * 1998-03-06 2000-05-08 Abb Ab Anordning för gjutning av metall
US6289033B1 (en) 1998-12-08 2001-09-11 Concurrent Technologies Corporation Environmentally controlled induction heating system for heat treating metal billets
FR2808809B1 (fr) * 2000-05-11 2003-06-27 Emix Installation de fabrication en continu de barreau de silicium multicristallin
JP4496623B2 (ja) * 2000-08-18 2010-07-07 シンフォニアテクノロジー株式会社 誘導加熱溶解炉
TWI265198B (en) * 2002-12-02 2006-11-01 Univ Nat Taiwan The method and equipments for controlling the solidification of alloys in induction melting using cold crucible
WO2006088037A1 (ja) * 2005-02-17 2006-08-24 Sumco Solar Corporation シリコン鋳造装置およびシリコン基板の製造方法
JP5048222B2 (ja) * 2005-04-01 2012-10-17 株式会社神戸製鋼所 活性高融点金属合金の長尺鋳塊製造法
JP2007051026A (ja) 2005-08-18 2007-03-01 Sumco Solar Corp シリコン多結晶の鋳造方法
JP5141020B2 (ja) 2007-01-16 2013-02-13 株式会社Ｓｕｍｃｏ 多結晶シリコンの鋳造方法
JP2008194700A (ja) * 2007-02-08 2008-08-28 Shinko Electric Co Ltd 連続鋳造装置、連続鋳造装置における引抜制御装置、および連続鋳造装置における引抜制御方法
KR101238144B1 (ko) 2009-02-09 2013-02-28 도호 티타늄 가부시키가이샤 열간 압연용 티타늄 슬래브, 그 용제 방법 및 압연 방법
US9039835B2 (en) * 2009-07-20 2015-05-26 Solin Development B.V. Apparatus for producing multicrystalline silicon ingots by induction method
ES2704883T3 (es) * 2011-03-14 2019-03-20 Consarc Corp Crisol frío de inducción eléctrica con fondo abierto para su uso en colada electromagnética de lingotes y método para colar en el crisol
JP2018536085A (ja) * 2015-09-15 2018-12-06 リテック システムズ エルエルシー 炉式溶鉱炉などの溶融物制御のためのレーザセンサ
CN115261663B (zh) * 2022-08-01 2023-05-02 江西蓝微电子科技有限公司 一种金合金键合丝及其制备方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1221909A (en) * 1969-10-01 1971-02-10 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Improvements in or relating to apparatus for the heat treatment of electrically conductive materials
US3775091A (en) * 1969-02-27 1973-11-27 Interior Induction melting of metals in cold, self-lined crucibles
FR2303774A1 (fr) * 1975-03-10 1976-10-08 Fizichesky Inst Im P N Procede et dispositif pour la preparation par fusion de materiaux cristallins a base d'oxydes de metaux refractaires
FR2497050A1 (fr) * 1980-12-23 1982-06-25 Saphymo Stel Dispositif de fusion par induction directe en cage froide avec confinement electromagnetique de la charge fondue

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775091A (en) * 1969-02-27 1973-11-27 Interior Induction melting of metals in cold, self-lined crucibles
GB1221909A (en) * 1969-10-01 1971-02-10 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Improvements in or relating to apparatus for the heat treatment of electrically conductive materials
FR2303774A1 (fr) * 1975-03-10 1976-10-08 Fizichesky Inst Im P N Procede et dispositif pour la preparation par fusion de materiaux cristallins a base d'oxydes de metaux refractaires
FR2497050A1 (fr) * 1980-12-23 1982-06-25 Saphymo Stel Dispositif de fusion par induction directe en cage froide avec confinement electromagnetique de la charge fondue

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0395286A2 (de) * 1989-04-17 1990-10-31 Inductotherm Corp. Induktionsschmelzen ohne Tiegel für Metalle
EP0395286A3 (de) * 1989-04-17 1992-03-18 Inductotherm Corp. Induktionsschmelzen ohne Tiegel für Metalle
FR2648065A1 (fr) * 1989-06-12 1990-12-14 Solvay Dispositif pour recuperer par fusion le metal constitutif d'un noyau fusible
EP0402990A1 (de) * 1989-06-12 1990-12-19 SOLVAY (Société Anonyme) Vorrichtung zur Rekuperation durch Schmelzen des Metalls eines schmelzbaren Kerns
US5156202A (en) * 1989-07-15 1992-10-20 Leybold Aktiengesellschaft Process and permanent mold for mold-casting electrically conductive material
FR2711034A1 (fr) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-14 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Appareil de lévitation et de fusion et son procédé de fonctionnement.
US5528620A (en) * 1993-10-06 1996-06-18 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Levitating and melting apparatus and method of operating the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2609655B1 (fr) 1989-03-24
NO169877C (no) 1992-08-19
US4838933A (en) 1989-06-13
JPS63192543A (ja) 1988-08-09
KR910007297B1 (ko) 1991-09-24
EP0275228B1 (de) 1992-12-16
CA1326752C (fr) 1994-02-08
JPH0258022B2 (de) 1990-12-06
ATE83597T1 (de) 1993-01-15
FR2609655A1 (fr) 1988-07-22
NO880149D0 (no) 1988-01-14
DE3876638T2 (de) 1993-06-24
ES2036275T3 (es) 1993-05-16
NO169877B (no) 1992-05-11
NO880149L (no) 1988-07-18
KR880008848A (ko) 1988-09-13
DE3876638D1 (de) 1993-01-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0275228B1 (de) Verfahren und Anlage zum Schmelzen und Stranggiessen von Metallen
US4915723A (en) Apparatus for casting silicon with gradual cooling
JPH09278590A (ja) ボトムレス式の晶出室でシリコンから成る溶融液を一方向性凝固させてインゴットを形成するための方法および装置
US4572812A (en) Method and apparatus for casting conductive and semiconductive materials
US6192969B1 (en) Casting of high purity oxygen free copper
FR2656552A1 (fr) Procede de fabrication de produits metalliques thixotropes par coulee continue avec brassage electromagnetique en courant polyphase.
FR2688516A1 (fr) Dispositif pour la fabrication de metaux et d'alliages de metaux de grande purete.
EP0636848A1 (de) Schmelzverfahren von elektroleitenden Materialien in einem Induktionsschmelzofen mit kaltem Tiegel und Ofen dafür
EP0351327A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von thixotropen metallischen Produkten mittels Strangguss
FR2613351A1 (fr) Procede de chauffage rapide par induction de verre fondu ou analogue
CA2569755C (fr) Installation d'affinage de silicium
FR2480154A1 (fr) Procede et appareil de coulee electromagnetique de bandes minces
EP0141999B1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines polykristallinen Stabes aus Halbleitermaterial
JPH0230698A (ja) シリコン鋳造装置
JPH01264920A (ja) シリコン鋳造装置
EP0050581A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Stranggiessen hohler Metallstränge
US5149488A (en) Apparatus and method for spill chilling rapidly solidified materials
JP6961110B2 (ja) 環状要素による浮揚熔解法
EP0038275B1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Stranggiessen von Rohrluppen
FR3090430A1 (fr) Installation et procédé d’obtention d’un produit en alliage de titane ou en intermétallique de titane
JP4672203B2 (ja) 金ボンディングワイヤ用インゴットの製造方法
BE1008485A3 (fr) Procede et four pour la fabrication d'un produit fondu.
BE1011970A3 (fr) Procede d'elaboration d'une enveloppe metallique sur un arbre.
EP0452294B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Stranggiessen eines Metalls
WO2021038163A1 (fr) Four a induction comprenant un circuit resonant additionnel

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES GB IT LI NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19880801

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19910402

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES GB IT LI NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 83597

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19930115

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19921215

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3876638

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19930128

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2036275

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 88420010.6

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20061215

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20061215

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20061218

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20061220

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20070110

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20070112

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20070123

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20070201

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20070607

Year of fee payment: 20

BE20 Be: patent expired

Owner name: CIE EUROPEENNE DU ZIRCONIUM *CEZUS

Effective date: 20080113

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

NLV7 Nl: ceased due to reaching the maximum lifetime of a patent

Effective date: 20080113

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20080114

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20080113

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20080112

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20080114