EP0404047B1 - Procédé et machine pour laver et sécher des articles textiles - Google Patents

Procédé et machine pour laver et sécher des articles textiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0404047B1
EP0404047B1 EP90111540A EP90111540A EP0404047B1 EP 0404047 B1 EP0404047 B1 EP 0404047B1 EP 90111540 A EP90111540 A EP 90111540A EP 90111540 A EP90111540 A EP 90111540A EP 0404047 B1 EP0404047 B1 EP 0404047B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
washing
rotation
machine
articles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90111540A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0404047A1 (fr
Inventor
Pierino Vellati
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VOTA, ROBERTO
Original Assignee
Vota Roberto
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vota Roberto filed Critical Vota Roberto
Publication of EP0404047A1 publication Critical patent/EP0404047A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0404047B1 publication Critical patent/EP0404047B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F35/00—Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for
    • D06F35/005—Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying
    • D06F35/006—Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying for washing or rinsing only

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a process and a machine for washing and/or drying textile products, and namely "very delicate" textile products, i.e. those liable to dimensional shrinkage due to felting and/or relaxation, that up to now could be washed only by hand.
  • washing-machines are mainly used to wash in a water medium clothes and linen, and they essentially comprise a rotating drum housed in a water tight bowl and connected to an electric motor which has said drum rotate about its own longitudinal axis.
  • the motor is controlled for actuation by a programmer where the washing cycles or programmes are previously set; said programmes comprise at least one of the following stages: pre-washing, washing, rinsing, spinning, drying.
  • a detersive solution in water is used, the water being generally heated by a resistor, and the drum is rotated at a preselected speed, causing a motion which replaces the manual mechanical action; said motion provides for the partial lifting of the articles of clothing to be washed along the drum walls until they fall down on the bottom of the drum itself, in that the acceleration of gravity exceeds the centrifugal acceleration caused by the drum rotation.
  • pure water is used or possibly additioned with products such as softening, blueing, sizing agents, etc.
  • water is almost completely eliminated from the washed articles which, in the latest models of washing-machines, are then completely dried in the drying stage by means of hot air.
  • the so called gentle cycles require a water consumption, for each stage, of approximately 18-25 litres, which are discharged at the end of each stage.
  • the drum rotation speed for these average machines with drum having a 40-50 cm diameter is approximately 50-60 revolutions per minute during the pre-washing, washing and rinsing stages, while it increases up to approximately 250 or even 1000 revolutions per minute during the spinning stage.
  • washing-machines lies in the fact that the above reported type of washing, which is the most commonly used, is extremely damaging for all those textile products classified as “very delicate", and specially for knitted articles, in that they are particularly liable to size shrinkage due to felting (i.e. those articles made of wool, mohair, cashmere, alpaca, camel, etc.) and/or size shrinkage due to relaxation occurring in products made of any type of textile fibres.
  • Object of the present invention is to solve the aforesaid problems by means of a process and a machine for washing and/or drying textile articles, especially the "very delicate” ones, that reduces and limit within acceptable values size shrinkage due to felting and/or relaxation of the treated items.
  • the present invention provides a process for washing textile articles (e.g. clothing articles) according to claim 1.
  • the invention also provides a process for hot-air drying textile articles, according to claim 2.
  • the invention furthermore concerns an automatic or semi-automatic machine for washing textile articles, according to claim 8.
  • the invention also relates to a machine for drying textile articles, according to claim 9.
  • the process and the machine are especially suitable for those textile articles up to now washable only by hand in that liable to size shrinkage due to felting and/or relaxation.
  • By these process and machine it will be possible to machine wash repeatedly (at least 20 times) all the products up to now washable only by hand, and to avoid size shrinkage, for felting and/or relaxation, exceeding 10% in area (a value deemed as the maximum acceptable one with respect to wearability).
  • the drum is rotated at such an angular speed ⁇ that the corresponding centrifugal force Fc is sufficient to hold every single textile product or article adhering to the drum walls in spite of the presence of water in the drum, without however squashing it against said walls too vigorously.
  • a sort of "soft spinning” is performed, where the centrifugal acceleration has a value that exceeds the acceleration of gravity, but is lower than the centrifugal acceleration during a stage of "strong spinning", i.e. the usual spinning stage in state-of-the-art methods.
  • angular speed ⁇ or of centrifugal acceleration will vary depending on the radius r of the drum of the washing-machine.
  • the preferred speed and acceleration will be those corresponding to a speed of rotation of the drum within the range from about 80 to about 240 revolutions per minute.
  • Said speed of rotation is similar to the speed used, in some of the latest models of washing-machines, during the stage of pre-spinning in order to obtain a uniform distribution of the load, but, unlike the latter ones, it is used during the whole washing cycle and/or during drying; said speed is thus maintained also in the presence of soapy water in the bowl, or vassel, as well.
  • a speed is preferably used during at least part of the actual washing stage, in order to have every article at least partially soaked at each revolution by the soapy solution in the bowl.
  • the use of the speed according to the invention provides a cleansing action that is equal and even better than that obtainable according to known washing methods.
  • the machine will preferably alternate periods of drum rotation at the speed according to the invention to periods of zero speed (steady drum) and/or reduced speed (20-40 revolutions per minute), in order to allow the articles to be differently positioned.
  • rotations of the drum at high speed are preferably performed, to remove water and/or possible soap and detergent from the articles.
  • the total time of actual agitation or flapping of the articles i.e. the total amount of the washing and drying cycle periods during which the textile articles are actually lifted and dropped at each drum revolution, is preferably within the range from 20 to 200 seconds.
  • the washing machine and the washing process according to the invention provide other advantages.
  • a first advantage consists in the possibility of reducing even by 40% the quantity of water used in each washing cycle.
  • the saving of water results in a corresponding saving of the electrical power used for heating the water up to a temperature that in a preferred embodiment is within the range from 30 to 40 degrees C.
  • said saving of water also involves a corresponding saving of detergent.
  • the detergent used will be of the liquid type with limited foam formation, but a detergent in powder can be used as well.
  • a typical programme of washing cycle using a process and a machine according to the invention is designed in a way as to have a first washing stage prior to heating at 30-40 degrees C the soapy solution containing the detergent, followed by the washing stage at said temperature, successively followed by 2 or 3 rinsings with cold water.
  • the washing takes place alternating periods of rotation of the drum at the speed according to the invention to periods of "strong spinning” (250-600 rpm) and to periods of steady drum (zero speed) and/or slow rotation (20-40 rpm) to allow the products change their position in the drum and avoid the formation of folds.
  • the heating of the soapy solution at the desired temperature (30-40 degrees C) may take place with steady drum or during rotation at a speed according to the invention (80-240 rpm).
  • the rinsing is carried out twice or three times according to the aforereported concept of alternating rotations at different speeds and pauses; at the end of each rinsing the water is discharged (with steady drum or rotation at 80-240 rpm) and a final high-speed spinning is performed.
  • the wetting of the products both with soapy solution or with the rinsing water occurs by temporary and at least partial immersion of the products into the bath provided in the bottom area of the drum. Said wetting may be made easier and improved by means of shower or spraying systems (in the machines which are provided with said devices).
  • the total time of actual agitation, or flapping, of the articles should not exceed 200 seconds.
  • Figure 1 is a graph showing the different behaviour of a knitted article made of "pure wool” washable only by hand (not treated for "unshrinkability") after a series of washings according to the traditional "delicate-wool" cycle and according to the invention cycle.
  • the dashed line shows the behaviour of the examined article washed in a household washing-machine with a gentle cycle according to the state of the art, while the continuous line indicates the behaviour of the same article washed with a cycle according to the invention.
  • the slope of the two curves is dramatically different: the curve of size shrinkage upon a traditional gentle cycle washing (namely with the drum rotating at about 50/60 rpm) reaches the critical value of 10% approximately only after 4-5 washings, while the curve of size shrinkage upon a washing according to the invention attains this value only after 20 washings. Since this value of 20 washings corresponds to the average number of washings which a woollen article undergoes during its life, the process according to the invention allows a woollen product "washable by hand" to be machine washed for the whole length of its average life without being aesthetically damaged or its use being prevented upon extreme size shrinkage.
  • the short dashed line shows the behaviour of a wool-gentle-cycle (with drum rotation at 50/60 rpm) according to the state of the art, while the continous line shows the behaviour of the washing cycle according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé pour laver des articles textiles au moyen d'une machine à laver automatique ou semi-automatique ayant un tambour rotatif et en présence d'une solution savonneuse ou d'une eau de rinçage immobile à l'intérieur du tambour et de la cuve de ladite machine à laver, caractérisé en ce que, pendant au moins l'étape de lavage dudit cycle de lavage, ledit tambour est mis en rotation à une vitesse angulaire égale ou supérieure à la vitesse la plus faible permettant de maintenir les articles collés aux parois du tambour tout en immergeant, au même moment, de manière temporaire et au moins partiellement, lesdits articles textiles dans la solution savonneuse ou dans l'eau de rinçage présente dans le tambour et dans la cuve, à chaque révolution du tambour.
  2. Procédé pour sécher des articles textiles à l'air chaud au moyen d'une machine à laver et à sécher automatique ou semi-automatique ou d'une machine à sécher ayant un tambour rotatif, caractérisé en ce que, pendant au moins une partie dudit cycle de séchage à l'air chaud, ledit tambour est mis en rotation à une vitesse angulaire égale ou supérieure à la vitesse la plus faible permettant de maintenir lesdits articles collés aux parois du tambour.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel ladite machine à laver et/ou sécher possède un tambour d'un diamètre compris dans la plage d'environ 40 à environ 50 cm, ledit tambour étant mis en rotation à une vitesse comprise dans la plage d'environ 80 à environ 240 tours par minute.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, pendant les étapes de lavage, rinçage et/ou séchage dudit cycle de lavage ou séchage, la rotation du tambour à la vitesse précédemment mentionnée est alternée avec des périodes de rotation rapide (250 à 600 tours par minute), avec des périodes d'absence de rotation ("tambour stationnaire") et/ou avec des périodes de rotation lente (20 à 40 tours par minute) ; la durée totale d'agitation réelle d'un article étant comprise dans la plage de 20 à 200 secondes.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, pendant l'étape de lavage et/ou rinçage, un volume d'eau, proportionnel au volume de la cuve et du tambour, est utilisé, ledit volume d'eau, pour des tambours ayant un diamètre compris dans la plage de 40 à 50 cm, étant compris dans la plage de 5 à 13 litres.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel ledit niveau d'eau dans ladite cuve et ledit tambour est compris entre 3 à 10 cm au-dessus du bord le plus bas dudit tambour.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il a un CFS (indice de sévérité de feutrage par cycle) inférieur à 0,4 %, mesuré selon les règles I.E.C..
  8. Machine automatique ou semi-automatique pour laver des articles textiles, du type muni d'un tambour rotatif, caractérisé en ce qu'elle est munie d'un moyen pour commander, pendant au moins une partie de l'étape de lavage du cycle de lavage, la vitesse de rotation du tambour à une valeur égale ou supérieure à la vitesse la plus faible permettant de maintenir lesdits articles textiles collés aux parois du tambour tout en immergeant, au même moment, au moins partiellement, lesdits articles dans la solution savonneuse ou dans l'eau présente dans le tambour et dans la cuve de ladite machine, à chaque révolution du tambour.
  9. Machine pour sécher des articles textiles à l'air chaud, du type muni d'un tambour rotatif, caractérisé en ce qu'elle est munie d'un moyen pour commander, pendant au moins une partie dudit cycle de séchage à l'air chaud, la vitesse de rotation du tambour à une valeur égale ou supérieure à la vitesse la plus faible permettant de maintenir lesdits articles collés aux parois du tambour.
  10. Machine selon la revendication 8 ou 9, dans laquelle ledit tambour a un diamètre compris entre 40 et 50 cm, et dans laquelle ledit moyen de commande procure une vitesse de rotation comprise dans la plage de 80 à 240 tours par minute.
  11. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, dans laquelle ledit moyen de commande comprend un moyen pour alterner, pendant lesdites étapes du cycle de lavage et/ou de séchage, des périodes de rotation du tambour à ladite vitesse sélectionnée (80 à 240 tours par minute) avec des périodes de rotation rapide (250 à 600 tours par minute), et avec des périodes sans rotation ("tambour stationnaire") et/ou avec des périodes de rotation lente (20 à 40 tours par minute), la durée totale d'agitation réelle d'un article étant comprise dans la plage de 20 à 200 secondes.
  12. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'elle comprend un programme de lavage et/ou de séchage réalisant les étapes de lavage et/ou de séchage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6.
EP90111540A 1989-06-23 1990-06-19 Procédé et machine pour laver et sécher des articles textiles Expired - Lifetime EP0404047B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8920965A IT1230903B (it) 1989-06-23 1989-06-23 Procedimento e macchina per il lavaggio e/o l'asciugatura di manufatti tessili.
IT2096589 1989-06-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0404047A1 EP0404047A1 (fr) 1990-12-27
EP0404047B1 true EP0404047B1 (fr) 1995-01-18

Family

ID=11174722

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90111540A Expired - Lifetime EP0404047B1 (fr) 1989-06-23 1990-06-19 Procédé et machine pour laver et sécher des articles textiles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0404047B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE117385T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69016105T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2068946T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1230903B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3276072B1 (fr) 2016-07-26 2019-06-12 Miele & Cie. KG Procédé et dispositif de traitement de linge dans une machine de traitement de linge et machine de traitement de linge permettant de traiter le linge

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4310595A1 (de) * 1993-03-31 1994-10-06 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Waschmaschine mit einer reversierend betriebenen Wäschetrommel
IT1275186B (it) * 1995-02-10 1997-07-30 Candy Spa Procedimento di lavaggio per macchina lavabiancheria
IT1308788B1 (it) † 1999-07-05 2002-01-10 Merloni Elettrodomestici Spa Metodo per il lavaggio di biancheria e macchina atta al lavaggio dibiancheria che implementa tale metodo.
ITVI20020272A1 (it) * 2002-12-18 2004-06-19 Tonello Srl Metodo e macchina a cestello rotante per il trattamento di lavaggio o di tintura di manufatti tessili.
ITTO20050454A1 (it) 2005-06-29 2006-12-30 Indesit Co Spa Elettrodomestico con dispositivo di bloccaggio per capi tessili
KR101085904B1 (ko) 2007-02-26 2011-11-23 삼성전자주식회사 세탁기 및 그 세탁제어방법
US9416478B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2016-08-16 Lg Electronics Inc. Washing machine and washing method
ITTO20101070A1 (it) * 2010-12-27 2012-06-28 Indesit Co Spa Procedimento e macchina per l'asciugatura di biancheria

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2432766A (en) * 1942-04-23 1947-12-16 Apex Electrical Mfg Co Apparatus for washing clothes
FR1364698A (fr) * 1963-05-13 1964-06-26 Procédé et appareil pour le traitement de tissus, notamment pour le lavage du linge
US3172278A (en) * 1963-07-09 1965-03-09 Maytag Co Fabric treating machine with drive means to effect a tumble, distribution and extraction operation
US3388410A (en) * 1967-09-11 1968-06-18 Donald E. Marshall Cleaning apparatus and method
FR2632329B1 (fr) * 1988-06-07 1991-09-06 Ciapem Procede de lavage du linge de laine, et machine a laver le linge mettant en oeuvre ce procede

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3276072B1 (fr) 2016-07-26 2019-06-12 Miele & Cie. KG Procédé et dispositif de traitement de linge dans une machine de traitement de linge et machine de traitement de linge permettant de traiter le linge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1230903B (it) 1991-11-08
DE69016105D1 (de) 1995-03-02
DE69016105T2 (de) 1995-08-24
EP0404047A1 (fr) 1990-12-27
ATE117385T1 (de) 1995-02-15
IT8920965A0 (it) 1989-06-23
ES2068946T3 (es) 1995-05-01

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