EP0401901A2 - Générateur pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons x à anode tournante - Google Patents

Générateur pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons x à anode tournante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0401901A2
EP0401901A2 EP90201378A EP90201378A EP0401901A2 EP 0401901 A2 EP0401901 A2 EP 0401901A2 EP 90201378 A EP90201378 A EP 90201378A EP 90201378 A EP90201378 A EP 90201378A EP 0401901 A2 EP0401901 A2 EP 0401901A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
generator
stator
generator according
rotating anode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90201378A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0401901A3 (fr
EP0401901B1 (fr
Inventor
Gerd Vogler
Wulf Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Publication of EP0401901A2 publication Critical patent/EP0401901A2/fr
Publication of EP0401901A3 publication Critical patent/EP0401901A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0401901B1 publication Critical patent/EP0401901B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/66—Circuit arrangements for X-ray tubes with target movable relatively to the anode

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a generator for operating a rotating anode X-ray tube, the rotating anode of which is connected to a rotor which interacts with a stator, the windings of which are coupled to a high voltage generator which supplies the high voltage for the rotating anode and the rotor.
  • a generator of the type mentioned is known from the US Pat. No. 4,107,535 as prior art. If the stator windings or the stator are at the same high-voltage potential as the rotor, the “air” gap between the rotor and the stator can be considerably smaller than in conventional X-ray tubes in which the rotor carries high-voltage potential and the stator is grounded; with a small gap, the drive efficiency is much better.
  • a multi-phase isolating transformer is required to generate the currents for the stator windings, which must be designed for the anode-side high voltage (e.g. 75 kV) and a low frequency (e.g. 50 or 150 Hz) adapted to the desired speed.
  • Such an isolating transformer is relatively voluminous and complex.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a generator of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the outlay for the isolating transformer can be reduced.
  • an isolating transformer can be connected with its primary winding to an AC voltage source, and the secondary winding of the isolating transformer is coupled to a rectifier for supplying an inverter. which generates the alternating currents for the stator windings from the rectified voltage, and that the inverter is galvanically connected to the high-voltage generator.
  • stator currents with a high reactive component have to be transmitted via a multi-phase isolating transformer
  • the active power for supplying an inverter which supplies the stator currents is transmitted via the (single-phase) isolating transformer.
  • An inverter is required anyway if the frequency of the stator currents deviates from the grid frequency. In the invention, this inverter is operated at the anode-side high-voltage potential.
  • a preferred development of the invention provides that the frequency of the AC voltage, which is fed to the primary winding from the AC voltage source, is significantly higher than the frequency of the currents supplied by the inverter. Accordingly, if the frequency of the AC voltage source is, for example, between a few kHz and a few hundred kHz, the overall volume of the isolating transformer can be significantly reduced. This isolating transformer can then contain an inexpensive ferrite core and a cast secondary coil and is only slightly larger than a line transformer for television receivers of similar design.
  • the alternating voltage source comprises a switching device for generating alternating voltage pulses from the direct voltage supplied by a direct voltage source.
  • Such AC voltage sources can be manufactured particularly inexpensively.
  • a control loop is provided for stabilizing the current drawn from the DC voltage source.
  • the direct current supplied by the direct voltage source is stabilized, with the result that the stator currents supplied by the inverter are also stabilized. They are therefore independent of fluctuations in the mains voltage and changes in the resistance of the stator windings.
  • stator currents and the high voltage for the rotating anode X-ray tube are transmitted together via a multi-core high-voltage cable.
  • a stator cable is required, via which the Stator currents are supplied, this cable can be omitted in this embodiment of the invention.
  • the stator currents are supplied via a multi-core high-voltage cable. With three stator windings, this cable must have three wires.
  • high-voltage cables for X-ray tubes have three wires from the start in order to be able to feed two filaments on the cathode side.
  • the drawing shows a rotating anode X-ray tube 1, the rotating anode 11 of which is only schematically indicated, is connected to a rotor 12 (which is actually arranged inside the tube piston).
  • the rotor 12 is over three triangle-shaped windings 13, 14 and 15 of a stator (which are arranged outside the tubular bulb), which are offset by 120 ° from one another, the gap remaining between the rotor and stator being small, so that the drive efficiency is good.
  • the electrical energy for driving the rotary anode is fed to the mains connection terminals 2 of a bridge rectifier 21, the output voltage of which is smoothed by a capacitor 22; a 3-phase network with 6-valve rectifier can also be used for the supply.
  • the capacitor voltage is fed via a resistor 23 to a circuit 3 which converts the direct voltage into alternating voltage pulses with a sufficiently high frequency, for example 20 kHz, and thus feeds the primary winding 41 of an isolating transformer 4 connected to its output.
  • the circuit 3 has two parallel branches, each with two switch combinations 31, 32 and 33, 34 connected in series. Each switch combination comprises the parallel connection of a diode operated in the reverse direction and a controllable semiconductor switch.
  • the primary winding 41 is connected between the connection points of the switch combinations 31, 32 and 33, 34 connected in series.
  • the switch combinations are controlled by a clock pulse generator 35 with a clock frequency which corresponds to the transmission frequency of the isolating transformer, in the example thus at 20 kHz.
  • the control of the switch combination or the controllable switch contained therein by the clock pulse generator 35 takes place in push-pull, so that in one phase an alternating current flows through the switch combination 31, the winding 41 and the switch combination 34 and in the other phase via the switches combination 32 the primary winding 41 (in the opposite direction as in the previous switching phase) and the switch combination 33.
  • the isolating transformer 4 isolates the low-voltage potential on its primary winding from the anode-side high-voltage potential on its secondary winding. Because of the relatively high frequency with which the isolating transformer is operated (20 kHz), it can comprise an inexpensive ferrite core with a small cross section, the secondary winding of which is cast for insulation purposes.
  • the AC voltage on the secondary winding 42 is rectified by a bridge rectifier 51 in conjunction with a capacitor 52 which is connected in series with the primary winding 61 of a transformer 6 to the output of the bridge rectifier 41.
  • This switched-mode power supply allows the DC voltage on the capacitor 22 to be converted into a DC voltage on the capacitor 52 with good efficiency, the connections of the capacitor 22 approximately having ground potential, while those of the capacitor 52 carry approximately high-voltage potential, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • the voltage across the capacitor 52 is fed to an inverter 7, which supplies the currents for the three stator windings 13, 14 and 15.
  • the inverter 7 is a three-phase inverter with three branches connected in parallel with the capacitor 52, which are made up of two switch combinations 71, 74; 73.76, 75.72 exist.
  • the three connection points between the Switch combinations in the three branches are connected to the three connections of the delta-connected stator windings 13..15 via one line each.
  • the switch combinations 71..76 can have the same structure as the switch combination 31..34, it being possible for the controlled switches to be formed by a bipolar transistor, a MOSFET or a GTO thyristor or combinations thereof. Normal thyristors, which only block after a current zero crossing, are unsuitable as switches.
  • the switch combinations 71..76 are controlled by a clock pulse generator 8 so that the switching combinations 74, 76, 72 or 71, 73, 75 located in the upper or lower part of the branches become conductive one after the other, while in the other part at the same time Switch combinations become conductive one after the other, which is not in the same branch. For example, during the first half of the time that switch 71 in the lower left branch is conductive, switch 72 in the right branch is conductive above and during the second half switch 76 in the central branch of the upper portion.
  • the clock pulse generator 8 supplies six clock pulses with a frequency of 150 Hz at its outputs 81..86, which are connected to the switch combinations 71..76, the potentials on the control lines 82, 84 and 86 for the three upper ones Switches 72, 74 and 76 are offset from the potentials on control lines 81, 83 and 85 for lower switches 71, 73 and 75 by an appropriate amount.
  • the clock pulses at the successive outputs 81..86 are each offset by 60 °, making the switches connected to them conductive for a third of each period. At the three Inputs of the stator windings therefore result in step-like voltages of 150 Hz, with the mutually offset course indicated above these windings.
  • the six phase-shifted clock pulses can be derived in the clock pulse generator 8, for example from an oscillator with six times the clock frequency (at 900 Hz) in conjunction with a binary counter, the outputs of which are linked via logic gates in such a way that the phase-shifted clock pulses result; the oscillator, the binary counter and the logic gates are not shown in the drawing.
  • the supply voltage for the clock pulse generator 8 is generated by rectifying the output voltage of the secondary winding 62 of the transformer 6.
  • the primary winding 61 of this transformer is located at the output of the rectifier 51, a direct current flows through it, but a transferable alternating voltage arises from the fact that the bridge rectifier (51) only supplies voltage periodically and acts as a freewheeling diode during breaks, in accordance with the switching regulator principle. Direct current therefore flows through the winding 61 for recharging the capacitor 52 with a triangularly superimposed alternating current component.
  • the primary winding 61 of the transformer 6 thus has a double function in that it serves on the one hand as a storage choke in the switching power supply 3, 4 etc. and on the other hand forms the primary winding of a transformer 6 transmitting the AC components for generating a supply voltage for the clock generator 8.
  • One of the three lines connecting the connection points in the three branches to the three stator connections is connected to the output of a high-voltage generator 91.
  • This high voltage generator delivers the High voltage (against ground) for the rotating anode, which is fed to it via the above-mentioned line.
  • the inverter 7 is also connected to the high voltage with the connection of the clock pulse generator 8 and the secondary winding 42.
  • the negative high voltage is generated by a high voltage generator 92.
  • the output of the high voltage generator 92 is connected to one of the three output lines of the heating current converter group 93, which supplies the currents for the two filaments of the X-ray tube.
  • the high voltage for the anode or the cathode as well as the stator currents or the filament currents are transmitted to the X-ray emitter via a high-voltage cable 94b or 95, which is schematically indicated in the drawing.
  • stator cable is still required to drive the rotating anode in conventional X-ray emitters with a stator operated at ground, via which the stator currents flow, such a cable can be omitted in the invention because the stator currents and the high voltage can be transmitted via the same high-voltage cable 94.
  • the direct current flowing from the capacitor 22 via the resistor 23 to the switching device 3 is a precise measure of the amplitude of the alternating currents flowing in the stator windings 13, 14 and 15, which in turn is the drive torque acting on the rotor 12 determine.
  • the rotating anode drive can therefore be stabilized against fluctuations in the mains voltage and against fluctuations in the line resistances in the high-voltage cable or in the stator windings, which can occur, for example, as a result of a change in temperature.
  • the power loss is kept to a minimum.
  • the control circuit required to stabilize the direct current contains a pulse duration modulator 36 which compares the voltage across the resistor 23, which is proportional to the direct current, with a predeterminable value and, depending on this, varies the duration of the switching pulses for the switch combinations 31..34 such that the direct voltage across the resistor 23 corresponds to the specified value.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
EP90201378A 1989-06-03 1990-05-30 Générateur pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons x à anode tournante Expired - Lifetime EP0401901B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3918164 1989-06-03
DE3918164A DE3918164A1 (de) 1989-06-03 1989-06-03 Generator zum betreiben einer drehanoden-roentgenroehre

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0401901A2 true EP0401901A2 (fr) 1990-12-12
EP0401901A3 EP0401901A3 (fr) 1991-05-29
EP0401901B1 EP0401901B1 (fr) 1994-11-02

Family

ID=6382017

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90201378A Expired - Lifetime EP0401901B1 (fr) 1989-06-03 1990-05-30 Générateur pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons x à anode tournante

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5060252A (fr)
EP (1) EP0401901B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2836196B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3918164A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT396854B (de) * 1991-12-11 1993-12-27 Philips Nv Magnetbandgerät mit einer zum abtasten eines magnetbandes vorgesehenen magnetkopfeinheit
EP0612096A1 (fr) * 1993-02-17 1994-08-24 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Entraînement pour anode tournante

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5265146A (en) * 1992-11-16 1993-11-23 General Electric Company X-ray tube rotor controller using the main high voltage inverters for acceleration and speed maintenance
US8804910B1 (en) * 2011-01-24 2014-08-12 Moxtek, Inc. Reduced power consumption X-ray source
ITRE20120021A1 (it) * 2012-04-02 2013-10-03 Igor Spinella Metodo ed apparato per il trasferimento di potenza elettrica
US9173623B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2015-11-03 Samuel Soonho Lee X-ray tube and receiver inside mouth
US11103207B1 (en) * 2017-12-28 2021-08-31 Radiation Monitorng Devices, Inc. Double-pulsed X-ray source and applications
CN109914025A (zh) * 2019-04-11 2019-06-21 北京大豪科技股份有限公司 储纱送纱驱动装置和方法、横织机、设备及存储介质

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3832553A (en) * 1971-10-27 1974-08-27 Siemens Ag Circuit for a rotary anode x-ray tube
US4065673A (en) * 1975-08-04 1977-12-27 Advanced Instrument Development, Inc. Rotor controller systems for X-ray tubes
US4107535A (en) * 1975-06-20 1978-08-15 Hitachi, Ltd. X-ray apparatus utilizing rotary anode type X-ray tubes
US4760588A (en) * 1984-05-08 1988-07-26 Advanced Instrument Development, Inc. Control system for starter for X-ray tubes
US4829551A (en) * 1988-01-13 1989-05-09 Picker International, Inc. Biphase quadrature drive for an x-ray tube rotor

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2450428A1 (de) * 1974-10-23 1976-04-29 Siemens Ag Roentgendiagnostikgenerator
CA1120600A (fr) * 1977-09-23 1982-03-23 Heikki K.J. Kanerva Methode pour regulariser et stabiliser l'intensite de rayonnement d'une source de rayons x et source de rayons x utilisant cette methode
DE2802424A1 (de) * 1978-01-20 1979-07-26 Siemens Ag Roentgendiagnostikgenerator mit einem seinen hochspannungstransformator speisenden wechselrichter
US4653082A (en) * 1984-01-18 1987-03-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba High voltage generating device for X-ray apparatus
DE3431082A1 (de) * 1984-08-23 1986-02-27 Heimann Gmbh, 6200 Wiesbaden Schaltungsanordnung zur hochspannungsversorung einer roentgenroehre
JPS61158698A (ja) * 1984-12-28 1986-07-18 Hitachi Medical Corp インバ−タ式ｘ線装置
FR2579401B1 (fr) * 1985-03-22 1987-05-15 Thomson Cgr Ensemble generateur haute tension et dispositif radiogene
JPS62148651A (ja) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-02 横河メディカルシステム株式会社 Ｘ線断層撮影装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3832553A (en) * 1971-10-27 1974-08-27 Siemens Ag Circuit for a rotary anode x-ray tube
US4107535A (en) * 1975-06-20 1978-08-15 Hitachi, Ltd. X-ray apparatus utilizing rotary anode type X-ray tubes
US4065673A (en) * 1975-08-04 1977-12-27 Advanced Instrument Development, Inc. Rotor controller systems for X-ray tubes
US4760588A (en) * 1984-05-08 1988-07-26 Advanced Instrument Development, Inc. Control system for starter for X-ray tubes
US4829551A (en) * 1988-01-13 1989-05-09 Picker International, Inc. Biphase quadrature drive for an x-ray tube rotor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT396854B (de) * 1991-12-11 1993-12-27 Philips Nv Magnetbandgerät mit einer zum abtasten eines magnetbandes vorgesehenen magnetkopfeinheit
EP0612096A1 (fr) * 1993-02-17 1994-08-24 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Entraînement pour anode tournante

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0322400A (ja) 1991-01-30
DE59007598D1 (de) 1994-12-08
US5060252A (en) 1991-10-22
EP0401901A3 (fr) 1991-05-29
DE3918164A1 (de) 1990-12-06
EP0401901B1 (fr) 1994-11-02
JP2836196B2 (ja) 1998-12-14

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