EP0401901B1 - Générateur pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons x à anode tournante - Google Patents

Générateur pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons x à anode tournante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0401901B1
EP0401901B1 EP90201378A EP90201378A EP0401901B1 EP 0401901 B1 EP0401901 B1 EP 0401901B1 EP 90201378 A EP90201378 A EP 90201378A EP 90201378 A EP90201378 A EP 90201378A EP 0401901 B1 EP0401901 B1 EP 0401901B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
generator
alternating
stator
anode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90201378A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0401901A2 (fr
EP0401901A3 (fr
Inventor
Gerd Vogler
Wulf Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Publication of EP0401901A2 publication Critical patent/EP0401901A2/fr
Publication of EP0401901A3 publication Critical patent/EP0401901A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0401901B1 publication Critical patent/EP0401901B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/66—Circuit arrangements for X-ray tubes with target movable relatively to the anode

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a generator for operating a rotating anode X-ray tube, the rotating anode of which is connected to a rotor which interacts with a stator, the windings of which are coupled to a high voltage generator which supplies the high voltage for the rotating anode and the rotor, one with its primary winding to one AC voltage source connectable isolating transformer is provided.
  • a generator of the type mentioned is known from the US Pat. No. 4,107,535 as prior art.
  • the “air” gap between the rotor and the stator can be considerably smaller than in conventional X-ray tubes in which the rotor carries high-voltage potential and the stator is grounded; with a small gap, the drive efficiency is much better.
  • the multiphase isolating transformer is required, which must be designed for the anode-side high voltage (e.g. 75 kV) and at the same time a low frequency (e.g. 50 or 150 Hz) adapted to the desired speed.
  • Such an isolating transformer is relatively voluminous and complex.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a generator of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the outlay for the isolating transformer can be reduced.
  • the secondary winding of the isolating transformer is coupled to a rectifier for feeding an inverter, which generates the alternating currents for the stator windings from the rectified voltage, and that the inverter is galvanically connected to the high-voltage generator and is operated at the anode-side high-voltage potential.
  • stator currents with a high reactive component have to be transmitted via a multiphase isolating transformer
  • the invention only the active power for supplying an inverter which supplies the stator currents is transmitted via the isolating transformer.
  • An inverter is required anyway if the frequency of the stator currents deviates from the grid frequency. In the case of the invention, this inverter is operated at the anode-side high-voltage potential.
  • a preferred development of the invention provides that the frequency of the AC voltage, which is fed to the primary winding from the AC voltage source, is significantly higher than the frequency of the currents supplied by the inverter. Accordingly, if the frequency of the AC voltage source is between a few kHz and a few hundred kHz, for example, the construction volume of the isolating transformer can be significantly reduced. This isolating transformer can then contain an inexpensive ferrite core and a cast secondary coil and is only slightly larger than a line transformer for television receivers of similar design.
  • the alternating voltage source comprises a switching device for generating alternating voltage pulses from the direct voltage supplied by a direct voltage source.
  • Such AC voltage sources can be manufactured particularly inexpensively.
  • a control loop is provided for stabilizing the current drawn from the DC voltage source.
  • the direct current supplied by the direct voltage source is stabilized, with the result that the stator currents supplied by the inverter are also stabilized. They are therefore independent of fluctuations in the mains voltage and changes in the resistance of the stator windings.
  • stator currents and the high voltage for the rotating anode X-ray tube are transmitted together via a multi-core high-voltage cable.
  • a stator cable is required, via which the Stator currents are supplied, this cable can be omitted in this embodiment of the invention.
  • the stator currents are supplied via a multi-core high-voltage cable. With three stator windings, this cable must have three wires.
  • High-voltage cables for X-ray tubes have three wires from the outset in order to be able to feed two filaments on the cathode side.
  • the drawing shows a rotating anode X-ray tube 1, the rotating anode 11 of which is only schematically indicated, is connected to a rotor 12 (which is actually arranged inside the tube piston).
  • the rotor 12 is over three triangle-shaped windings 13, 14 and 15 of a stator (which are arranged outside of the tubular piston), which are offset with respect to one another by 120 °, the gap remaining between the rotor and stator being small, so that there is good drive efficiency.
  • the electrical energy for driving the rotating anode is fed to the mains connection terminals 2 of a bridge rectifier 21, the output voltage of which is smoothed by a capacitor 22; a 3-phase network with 6-valve rectifier can also be used for the supply.
  • the capacitor voltage is fed via a resistor 23 to a circuit 3 which converts the direct voltage into alternating voltage pulses with a sufficiently high frequency, for example 20 kHz, and thus feeds the primary winding 41 of an isolating transformer 4 connected to its output.
  • the circuit 3 has two parallel branches, each with two series-connected switch combinations 31, 32 and 33, 34. Each switch combination comprises the parallel connection of a diode operated in the reverse direction and a controllable semiconductor switch.
  • the primary winding 41 is connected between the connection points of the switch combinations 31, 32 and 33, 34 connected in series.
  • the switch combinations are controlled by a clock pulse generator 35 with a clock frequency which corresponds to the transmission frequency of the isolating transformer, that is to say with 20 kHz in the example.
  • the control of the switch combination or the controllable switch contained therein by the clock pulse generator 35 takes place in push-pull, so that in one phase an alternating current flows through the switch combination 31, the winding 41 and the switch combination 34 and in the other phase via the switch combination 32 the primary winding 41 (in the opposite direction as in the previous switching phase) and the switch combination 33.
  • the isolating transformer 4 isolates the low-voltage potential on its primary winding from the anode-side high-voltage potential on its secondary winding. Because of the relatively high frequency with which the isolating transformer is operated (20 kHz), it can comprise an inexpensive ferrite core with a small cross-section, the secondary winding of which is cast for insulation purposes.
  • the AC voltage on the secondary winding 42 is rectified by a bridge rectifier 51 in conjunction with a capacitor 52 which is connected in series with the primary winding 61 of a transformer 6 to the output of the bridge rectifier 51.
  • This switched-mode power supply allows the DC voltage on the capacitor 22 to be converted into a DC voltage on the capacitor 52 with good efficiency, the connections of the capacitor 22 approximately having ground potential, while those of the capacitor 52 carry approximately high voltage potential - as will be explained in more detail below.
  • the voltage across the capacitor 52 is fed to an inverter 7, which supplies the currents for the three stator windings 13, 14 and 15.
  • the inverter 7 is a three-phase inverter with three branches connected in parallel with the capacitor 52, which are made up of two switch combinations 71, 74; 73.76; 75.72 exist.
  • the three connection points between the Switch combinations in the three branches are connected to the three connections of the delta-connected stator windings 13..15 each via a line.
  • the switch combinations 71..76 can have the same structure as the switch combination 31..34, it being possible for the controlled switches to be formed by a bipolar transistor, a MOSFET or a GTO thyristor or combinations thereof. Normal thyristors, which only block after a current zero crossing, are unsuitable as switches.
  • the switch combinations 71..76 are controlled by a clock pulse generator 8 so that the switching combinations 74, 76, 72 or 71, 73, 75 located in the upper or lower part of the branches become conductive one after the other, while in the other part at the same time Switch combinations become conductive one after the other that are not in the same branch. For example, during the first half of the time switch 71 in the left branch is conductive, switch 72 in the right branch is conductive and during the second half switch 76 is in the central branch of the upper portion.
  • the clock pulse generator 8 supplies six clock pulses with a frequency of 150 Hz at its outputs 81..86, which are connected to the switch combinations 71..76, the potentials on the control lines 82, 84 and 86 for the three upper ones Switches 72, 74 and 76 are offset from the potentials on control lines 81, 83 and 85 for lower switches 71, 73 and 75 by an appropriate amount.
  • the clock pulses at the successive outputs 81..86 are each offset by 60 °, making the switches connected to them conductive for a third of each period. At the three Inputs of the stator windings therefore result in stepped voltages of 150 Hz, with the mutually offset course indicated above these windings.
  • the six phase-shifted clock pulses can be derived in the clock pulse generator 8, for example from an oscillator with six times the clock frequency (at 900 Hz) in conjunction with a binary counter, the outputs of which are linked via logic gates so that the phase-shifted clock pulses result; the oscillator, the binary counter and the logic gates are not shown in the drawing.
  • the supply voltage for the clock pulse generator 8 is generated by rectifying the output voltage of the secondary winding 62 of the transformer 6. Although the primary winding 61 of this transformer is located at the output of the rectifier 51, a direct current flows through it, but a transferable alternating voltage arises from the fact that the bridge rectifier (51) only supplies voltage periodically and acts as a freewheeling diode during breaks, in accordance with the switching regulator principle.
  • Direct current therefore flows through the winding 61 for recharging the capacitor 52 with a triangularly superimposed alternating current component.
  • the primary winding 61 of the transformer 6 thus has a double function in that it serves on the one hand as a storage inductor in the switching power supply 3, 4 etc. and on the other hand forms the primary winding of a transformer 6 transmitting the AC components for generating a supply voltage for the clock generator 8.
  • One of the three lines connecting the connection points in the three branches to the three stator connections is connected to the output of a high-voltage generator 91.
  • This high voltage generator delivers the High voltage (against ground) for the rotating anode, which is fed to it via the above-mentioned line.
  • the inverter 7 is also connected to the high voltage with the connection of the clock pulse generator 8 and the secondary winding 42.
  • the negative high voltage is generated by a high voltage generator 92.
  • the output of the high voltage generator 92 is connected to one of the three output lines of the heating current converter group 93, which supplies the currents for the two filaments of the X-ray tube.
  • the high voltage for the anode and the cathode as well as the stator currents and the filament currents are transmitted to the X-ray emitter via a high-voltage cable 94 and 95, which is indicated schematically in the drawing.
  • stator cable is still required to drive the rotating anode in conventional X-ray emitters with a stator operated at ground, via which the stator currents flow, such a cable can be omitted in the invention because the stator currents and the high voltage can be transmitted via the same high-voltage cable 94.
  • the direct current flowing from the capacitor 22 via the resistor 23 to the switching device 3 is a precise measure of the amplitude of the alternating currents flowing in the stator windings 13, 14 and 15, which in turn is the driving torque acting on the rotor 12 determine.
  • the rotating anode drive can therefore be stabilized from fluctuations in the mains voltage and against fluctuations in the line resistances in the high-voltage cable or in the stator windings, which can occur, for example, as a result of a change in temperature.
  • the power loss is kept to a minimum.
  • the control circuit required to stabilize the direct current contains a pulse duration modulator 36 which compares the voltage across the resistor 23, which is proportional to the direct current, with a predeterminable value and, depending on this, varies the duration of the switching pulses for the switch combinations 31..34 such that the direct voltage across the resistor 23 corresponds to the specified value.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Générateur pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons X (1) à anode tournante, dont l'anode tournante (11) est connectée à un rotor (12), qui coopère avec un stator dont les enroulements (13, 14, 15) sont reliés à un générateur de haute tension (91) alimentant en haute tension l'anode tournante et le rotor, un transformateur d'isolement (4) pouvant être connecté à une source de tension alternative (2, 3) par son enroulement primaire (41) étant prévu, caractérisé en ce que l'enroulement secondaire (42) du transformateur d'isolement est relié à un redresseur (51) pour alimenter un onduleur (7), qui produit, à partir de la tension redressée, les courants alternatifs destinés aux enroulements statoriques, et l'onduleur (7) est connecté par voie galvanique au générateur de haute tension (91) et est mis en oeuvre au potentiel de haute tension côté anode.
  2. Générateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence de la tension alternative, qui est acheminée à l'enroulement primaire par la source de tension alternative (2, 3), est sensiblement supérieure à la fréquence des courants délivrés par l'onduleur (7).
  3. Générateur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la source de tension alternative comporte un dispositif de commutation (3) permettant de générer des impulsions de tension alternative à partir de la tension continue délivrée par une source de tension continue (2).
  4. Générateur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que, dans le circuit de sortie du redresseur (51) est agencé une bobine de stockage (61), qui forme une partie de réseau de commutation conjointement avec le dispositif de commutation, le transformateur d'isolement (4) et le redresseur (51, 52).
  5. Générateur selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un circuit de régulation est prévu pour stabiliser le courant prélevé de la source de tension continue.
  6. Générateur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de régulation comprend une résistance (23) disposée entre la source de tension continue (2) et le dispositif de commutation (3), ainsi qu'un modulateur de durée d'impulsion (36), qui fait varier la durée des impulsions fournies par le dispositif de commutation en fonction de la tension continue sur la résistance (23).
  7. Générateur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la bobine de stockage est formée par l'enroulement primaire (61) d'un transformateur (6) dont l'enroulement secondaire est relié à un redresseur, dont la tension de sortie sert de tension d'alimentation d'un générateur d'impulsions d'horloge (8) pour la production d'impulsions d'horloge pour l'onduleur (7).
  8. Générateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les courants statoriques et la haute tension pour les tubes à rayons X à anode tournante sont transmis conjointement via un câble à haute tension multiconducteur (94).
EP90201378A 1989-06-03 1990-05-30 Générateur pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons x à anode tournante Expired - Lifetime EP0401901B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3918164A DE3918164A1 (de) 1989-06-03 1989-06-03 Generator zum betreiben einer drehanoden-roentgenroehre
DE3918164 1989-06-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0401901A2 EP0401901A2 (fr) 1990-12-12
EP0401901A3 EP0401901A3 (fr) 1991-05-29
EP0401901B1 true EP0401901B1 (fr) 1994-11-02

Family

ID=6382017

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90201378A Expired - Lifetime EP0401901B1 (fr) 1989-06-03 1990-05-30 Générateur pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons x à anode tournante

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5060252A (fr)
EP (1) EP0401901B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2836196B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3918164A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT396854B (de) * 1991-12-11 1993-12-27 Philips Nv Magnetbandgerät mit einer zum abtasten eines magnetbandes vorgesehenen magnetkopfeinheit
US5265146A (en) * 1992-11-16 1993-11-23 General Electric Company X-ray tube rotor controller using the main high voltage inverters for acceleration and speed maintenance
DE4304760A1 (de) * 1993-02-17 1994-08-18 Philips Patentverwaltung Antriebsvorrichtung für eine Drehanode
US8804910B1 (en) * 2011-01-24 2014-08-12 Moxtek, Inc. Reduced power consumption X-ray source
ITRE20120021A1 (it) * 2012-04-02 2013-10-03 Igor Spinella Metodo ed apparato per il trasferimento di potenza elettrica
US9173623B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2015-11-03 Samuel Soonho Lee X-ray tube and receiver inside mouth
US11103207B1 (en) * 2017-12-28 2021-08-31 Radiation Monitorng Devices, Inc. Double-pulsed X-ray source and applications
CN109914025A (zh) * 2019-04-11 2019-06-21 北京大豪科技股份有限公司 储纱送纱驱动装置和方法、横织机、设备及存储介质

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3832553A (en) * 1971-10-27 1974-08-27 Siemens Ag Circuit for a rotary anode x-ray tube
DE2450428A1 (de) * 1974-10-23 1976-04-29 Siemens Ag Roentgendiagnostikgenerator
JPS5812997B2 (ja) * 1975-06-20 1983-03-11 株式会社日立製作所 Ｘ センソウチ
US4065673A (en) * 1975-08-04 1977-12-27 Advanced Instrument Development, Inc. Rotor controller systems for X-ray tubes
CA1120600A (fr) * 1977-09-23 1982-03-23 Heikki K.J. Kanerva Methode pour regulariser et stabiliser l'intensite de rayonnement d'une source de rayons x et source de rayons x utilisant cette methode
DE2802424A1 (de) * 1978-01-20 1979-07-26 Siemens Ag Roentgendiagnostikgenerator mit einem seinen hochspannungstransformator speisenden wechselrichter
US4653082A (en) * 1984-01-18 1987-03-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba High voltage generating device for X-ray apparatus
US4760588A (en) * 1984-05-08 1988-07-26 Advanced Instrument Development, Inc. Control system for starter for X-ray tubes
DE3431082A1 (de) * 1984-08-23 1986-02-27 Heimann Gmbh, 6200 Wiesbaden Schaltungsanordnung zur hochspannungsversorung einer roentgenroehre
JPS61158698A (ja) * 1984-12-28 1986-07-18 Hitachi Medical Corp インバ−タ式ｘ線装置
FR2579401B1 (fr) * 1985-03-22 1987-05-15 Thomson Cgr Ensemble generateur haute tension et dispositif radiogene
JPS62148651A (ja) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-02 横河メディカルシステム株式会社 Ｘ線断層撮影装置
US4829551A (en) * 1988-01-13 1989-05-09 Picker International, Inc. Biphase quadrature drive for an x-ray tube rotor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59007598D1 (de) 1994-12-08
DE3918164A1 (de) 1990-12-06
EP0401901A2 (fr) 1990-12-12
US5060252A (en) 1991-10-22
JPH0322400A (ja) 1991-01-30
JP2836196B2 (ja) 1998-12-14
EP0401901A3 (fr) 1991-05-29

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