EP0401651A1 - Cooking top for electric cookers, cooking plates and the like - Google Patents

Cooking top for electric cookers, cooking plates and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0401651A1
EP0401651A1 EP90110196A EP90110196A EP0401651A1 EP 0401651 A1 EP0401651 A1 EP 0401651A1 EP 90110196 A EP90110196 A EP 90110196A EP 90110196 A EP90110196 A EP 90110196A EP 0401651 A1 EP0401651 A1 EP 0401651A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glass ceramic
stainless steel
cooking hob
steel plate
hob according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP90110196A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Armin Bohnet
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0401651A1 publication Critical patent/EP0401651A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24CDOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00Details
    • F24C15/10Tops, e.g. hot plates; Rings
    • F24C15/102Tops, e.g. hot plates; Rings electrically heated
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H05B3/748Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hob for electric cookers, hot plates or the like.
  • the hob has at least one electrical heater, which is covered by a glass ceramic plate.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a hob for an electric stove, which avoids the above disadvantages, but is set up in such a way that a continuously flat surface is formed without steps and shoulders, so that pots or pans from the heated to the unheated surfaces and pushed the other way round can be; in addition, the unheated surfaces should remain cold so that injuries are avoided.
  • the invention is achieved in that the hob is partially covered by a stainless steel plate, the latter carrying glass ceramic disks at the points above the heater, which are thermally insulated from the stainless steel plate. These glass ceramic discs are glued into the stainless steel plate. The adhesive is also used for thermal insulation.
  • the surfaces of the glass ceramic panes are at the same height as the surfaces of the stainless steel plate. So that the stainless steel plate is not damaged by the pots or cooking vessels, it is provided that the stainless steel plate is structured and preferably has beads. The pots or cooking vessels are therefore only in a linear shape on the tops of the beads; This largely prevents scratches on the stainless steel plate. Furthermore, the invention enables dual-circuit heating under that glass ceramic pane, and halogen heating is also possible and can be used.
  • the risk of breakage of smaller glass ceramic disks, such as those used here, is obviously smaller than that of a large glass ceramic cooktop.
  • the invention thus combines the advantages of the two materials, namely the stainless steel plate and the glass ceramic panes, but avoiding their respective disadvantages. It is also possible that the stainless steel hob can also have a residual heat indicator or switching indicator elements. The stainless steel plate can also have a warming plate.
  • the hob 1 carries a heat-insulating insert 2 in which in the recesses 3 electric radiators, e.g. Heating coils 4 are used.
  • the hob 1 is covered by a stainless steel plate 5; it is provided with beads 6 and has cutouts 7 (FIG. 2), the cutouts 7 being surrounded by a folded edge 8.
  • the apex height 9 of the folded edge corresponds to the height of the beads 6.
  • the cutouts 7 are covered with glass ceramic disks 10; which are connected to the stainless steel plate by gluing with a heat-insulating compound 11.
  • the surface 12 of the glass ceramic plate 10 is located at the apex 9 of the beads 6. This creates a flat surface for the cooking vessels.
  • the stainless steel cover 5 does not become hot, as in the previous hobs.
  • the hob is held so that a two-circuit heater, e.g. 14, 15 has. It is understood that in the case of disks 10 which are kept larger in diameter, several heating zones can also be contained in the hob.
  • the invention also offers the advantage that the risk of breakage of small glass ceramic parts 10, such as are used in the construction of the hob according to the invention, is obviously smaller than in the case of a hob in which the entire plate covers all heating surfaces.
  • the invention thus combines the advantages of both materials, namely the stainless steel surface 5 and the glass ceramic pane 10, the respective disadvantages being largely avoided.
  • the stainless steel trough can be a display device 16, e.g. to display the residual heat, but also have cutouts for inserting hot plates or the like.
  • the display device 16 can also have a surface for attaching a legend 17.
  • the heating spirals 4 indicated here can also be replaced by another heating, e.g. be designed for a halogen heater.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

The stainless steel cooking top is covered, outside the heating areas, by a stainless steel plate (5) which is cut away within these heating areas; at these points above the heating (14, 15), glass ceramic disks 10 are set in evenly. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kochmulde für Elektroherde, Kochplatten oder dgl., wobei die Kochmulde mindestens eine elektrische Heizung aufweist, die mit­tels einer Glaskeramikplatte abgedeckt ist.The invention relates to a hob for electric cookers, hot plates or the like. The hob has at least one electrical heater, which is covered by a glass ceramic plate.

Es ist bei derartigen Kochmulden mit einer Glaskeramikplatte bekannt, daß sie eine durchgehend ebene Fläche aufweisen, so daß Töpfe und Pfannen beliebig auf der Glaskeramikplatte verschoben werden können. Dabei ist es nachteilig, daß die Glas­keramikplatte während des Betriebes des Elektroherdes trotz ihrer schlechten Wär­meleitfähigkeit warm wird, so daß Wärme verloren geht, aber auch die Gefahr be­steht, daß insbesondere wenn Kinder im Haushalt sind, Verbrennungen vorkommen können. Auch besteht die Möglichkeit, daß durch Stoßen oder Fallen von Töpfen die Glaskeramikplatte beschädigt werden kann.It is known for such cooktops with a glass ceramic plate that they have a continuously flat surface, so that pots and pans can be moved as desired on the glass ceramic plate. It is disadvantageous that the glass ceramic plate becomes warm during operation of the electric cooker, despite its poor thermal conductivity, so that heat is lost, but there is also the risk that burns can occur, especially when there are children in the household. There is also the possibility that the glass ceramic plate can be damaged by bumping or falling pots.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kochmulde für einen Elektro­herd zu schaffen, welche die obigen Nachteile vermeidet, jedoch so eingerichtet ist, daß eine durchgehend ebene Fläche ohne Stufen und Absätze entsteht, so daß Töpfe oder Pfannen von den beheizten auf unbeheizte Flächen und umgekehrt geschoben werden können; außerdem sollen die unbeheizten Flächen kalt bleiben, so daß Ver­letzungen vermieden werden.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a hob for an electric stove, which avoids the above disadvantages, but is set up in such a way that a continuously flat surface is formed without steps and shoulders, so that pots or pans from the heated to the unheated surfaces and pushed the other way round can be; in addition, the unheated surfaces should remain cold so that injuries are avoided.

Die Erfindung wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Kochmulde teilweise von einer Edel­stahlplatte abgedeckt ist, wobei letztere an den Stellen über der Heizung Glaske­ramikscheiben trägt, welche gegenüber der Edelstahlplatte wärmeisoliert sind. Diese Glaskeramikscheiben sind in der Edelstahlplatte eingeklebt. Die Klebemasse dient auch zur Wärmeisolierung. Die Stellflächen der Glaskeramikscheiben liegen auf der Höhe der Stellflächen der Edelstahlplatte. Damit die Edelstahlplatte nicht von den Töpfen oder Kochgefäßen beschädigt wird, ist vorgesehen, daß die Edelstahlplatte strukturiert ist und vorzugsweise Sicken aufweist. Die Töpfe oder Kochgefäße liegen somit nur lienienförmig an den Scheiteln der Sicken auf; Verkratzungen an der Edel­stahlplatte können so weitgehend vermieden werden. Des weiteren ermöglicht die Erfindung unter jener Glaskeramikscheibe eine Zweikreis-Beheizung, auch eine Halo­genbeheizung ist möglich und einsetzbar. Die Bruchgefahr kleinerer Glaskeramik­scheiben, wie sie hier verwendet werden, ist naheliegenderweise kleiner als die bei einer großflächigen Glaskeramik-Kochfläche. Die Erfindung verbindet so die Vorteile der beiden Werkstoffe, nämlich der Edelstahlplatte und der Glaskeramikscheiben, wobei jedoch deren jeweiligen Nachteile vermieden werden. Es ist weiterhin möglich, daß die Edelstahl-Kochmulde auch eine Restwärme-Anzeige oder Schalt-Anzeigeele­mente aufweisen kann. Auch kann die Edelstahlplatte eine Warmhalteplatte aufwei­sen.The invention is achieved in that the hob is partially covered by a stainless steel plate, the latter carrying glass ceramic disks at the points above the heater, which are thermally insulated from the stainless steel plate. These glass ceramic discs are glued into the stainless steel plate. The adhesive is also used for thermal insulation. The surfaces of the glass ceramic panes are at the same height as the surfaces of the stainless steel plate. So that the stainless steel plate is not damaged by the pots or cooking vessels, it is provided that the stainless steel plate is structured and preferably has beads. The pots or cooking vessels are therefore only in a linear shape on the tops of the beads; This largely prevents scratches on the stainless steel plate. Furthermore, the invention enables dual-circuit heating under that glass ceramic pane, and halogen heating is also possible and can be used. The risk of breakage of smaller glass ceramic disks, such as those used here, is obviously smaller than that of a large glass ceramic cooktop. The invention thus combines the advantages of the two materials, namely the stainless steel plate and the glass ceramic panes, but avoiding their respective disadvantages. It is also possible that the stainless steel hob can also have a residual heat indicator or switching indicator elements. The stainless steel plate can also have a warming plate.

In den Zeichnungen ist eine gemäß der Erfindung gebildete Kochmulde teilweise schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Warmhalteplatte in der Ansicht von oben,
  • Fig. 2 einen Sektions-Querschnitt durch die Warmhalteplatte der Fig. 1, gemäß der Schnittlinien II-II und
  • Fig. 3 zeigt einen lotrechten Schnitt durch eine Sektion der Warmhalteplatte gemäß den Schnittlinien III-III der Fig. 2.
In the drawings, a hob formed in accordance with the invention is shown partially schematically. Show it:
  • 1 is a hot plate in the view from above,
  • Fig. 2 shows a section cross section through the warming plate of Fig. 1, according to the section lines II-II and
  • 3 shows a vertical section through a section of the warming plate according to the section lines III-III of FIG. 2.

Im nachfolgenden werden die Figuren gemeinsam besprochen.In the following the figures are discussed together.

Die Kochmulde 1 gemäß Fig. 2 trägt einen wärmeisolierenden Einsatz 2 in der in Vertiefungen 3 jeweils elektrische Heizkörper, z.B. Heizspiralen 4 eingesetzt sind. Die Kochmulde 1 ist von einer Edelstahlplatte 5 abgedeckt; sie ist mit Sicken 6 versehen und besitzt Ausschnitte 7, (Fig. 2), wobei die Ausschnitte 7 von einem Falzrand 8 umgeben sind. Die Scheitelhöhe 9 des Falzrandes entspricht der Höhe der Sicken 6. Die Ausschnitte 7 sind mit Glaskeramikscheiben 10 abgedeckt; die durch Kleben mit einer wärmeisolierenden Masse 11 mit der Edelstahlplatte verbunden sind. Dabei ist die Oberfläche 12 der Glaskeramikplatte 10 in Höhe des Scheitels 9 der Sicken 6 gelegen. Es entsteht so eine ebene Stellfläche für die Kochgefäße. Durch die schlechte Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Klebemasse 11 sowie durch die unbe­heizten Isolierzonen 13 unter den Glaskeramikscheiben wird die Edelstahl-Abdeckung 5 nicht heiß, wie bei den bisherigen Kochmulden. Die Kochmulde ist so gehalten, daß sich eine Zweikreis-Heizung, z.B. 14, 15 auf weist. Es versteht sich, daß bei im Durchmesser größer gehaltenen Scheiben 10 auch mehrere Heizzonen in der Koch­mulde enthalten sein können. Die Erfindung bietet auch den Vorteil, daß die Bruch­gefahr kleiner Glaskeramikteile 10, wie sie bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung der Kochmulde verwendet werden, naheliegenderweise kleiner ist als bei einer Kochmulde, bei der die gesamte Platte alle Heizflächen abdeckt. Die Erfindung ver­bindet so die Vorteile beider Werkstoffe, nämlich der rostfreien Edelstahlfläche 5 und der Glaskeramikscheibe 10, wobei jeweilige Nachteile weitgehendst vermieden werden.The hob 1 according to FIG. 2 carries a heat-insulating insert 2 in which in the recesses 3 electric radiators, e.g. Heating coils 4 are used. The hob 1 is covered by a stainless steel plate 5; it is provided with beads 6 and has cutouts 7 (FIG. 2), the cutouts 7 being surrounded by a folded edge 8. The apex height 9 of the folded edge corresponds to the height of the beads 6. The cutouts 7 are covered with glass ceramic disks 10; which are connected to the stainless steel plate by gluing with a heat-insulating compound 11. The surface 12 of the glass ceramic plate 10 is located at the apex 9 of the beads 6. This creates a flat surface for the cooking vessels. Due to the poor thermal conductivity of the adhesive 11 and the unheated insulation zones 13 under the glass ceramic panes, the stainless steel cover 5 does not become hot, as in the previous hobs. The hob is held so that a two-circuit heater, e.g. 14, 15 has. It is understood that in the case of disks 10 which are kept larger in diameter, several heating zones can also be contained in the hob. The invention also offers the advantage that the risk of breakage of small glass ceramic parts 10, such as are used in the construction of the hob according to the invention, is obviously smaller than in the case of a hob in which the entire plate covers all heating surfaces. The invention thus combines the advantages of both materials, namely the stainless steel surface 5 and the glass ceramic pane 10, the respective disadvantages being largely avoided.

Die Edelstahlmulde kann eine Anzeigevorrichtung 16, z.B. zur Anzeige der Rest­wärme, aber auch Ausschnitte zum Einsetzen von Warmhalteplatten oder dgl. auf­weisen. Die Anzeigevorrichtung 16 kann fernerhin eine Fläche zum Anbringen einer Legende 17 besitzen. Auch die hier angedeutete Heizspiralen 4 können durch eine andere Heizung, z.B. für eine Halogen-Heizung ausgebildet sein.The stainless steel trough can be a display device 16, e.g. to display the residual heat, but also have cutouts for inserting hot plates or the like. The display device 16 can also have a surface for attaching a legend 17. The heating spirals 4 indicated here can also be replaced by another heating, e.g. be designed for a halogen heater.

Claims (12)

1. Kochmulde für Elektroherde, Kochplatten oder dgl., wobei die Kochmulde min­destens eine Heizung aufweist, die mittels einer Glaskeramikplatte oder -schei­be abgedeckt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kochmulde (1) teilweise von einer Edelstahlplatte (5) abgedeckt ist, wobei letztere min­destens an den Stellen über der Heizung (14, 15) Glaskeramikscheiben (10) trägt.1. Cooking hob for electric cookers, hot plates or the like., The cooking hob has at least one heater which is covered by a glass ceramic plate or disk, characterized in that the cooking hob (1) is partially covered by a stainless steel plate (5), the latter carries glass ceramic panes (10) at least at the points above the heater (14, 15). 2. Kochmulde nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Glaskeramik­scheiben (10) in der aus rostfreiem Edelstahl gebildeten Abdeckplatte (5) ein­geklebt sind.2. Cooking hob according to claim 1, characterized in that the glass ceramic disks (10) are glued in the cover plate (5) made of stainless steel. 3. Kochmulde nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stellflächen der Glaskeramikscheiben (10) in Höhe (h) der Stellflächen der Edelstahlplatte (5) liegen.3. Cooking hob according to claim 1, characterized in that the footprints of the glass ceramic discs (10) in height (h) of the footprints of the stainless steel plate (5). 4. Kochmulde nach Ansprüchen 1 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mind­stens eine Glaskeramikscheibe (10) tragende Edelstahlplatte (5) Sicken (6) auf­weist.4. Cooking hob according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the at least one glass ceramic plate (10) carrying stainless steel plate (5) beads (6). 5. Kochmulde nach Ansprüchen 1 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die oberen Scheitel (9) der Sicken (6) in der Edelstahlplatte (5) in Höhe der Oberfläche (12) der Glaskeramikplatte(n) (5) liegen.5. Cooking hob according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the upper apex (9) of the beads (6) in the stainless steel plate (5) at the level of the surface (12) of the glass ceramic plate (s) (5). 6. Kochmulde nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem wäremisolie­renden Einsatz (2) eine Halogenheizung gelegen ist.6. Cooking hob according to claim 1, characterized in that a halogen heater is located in the heat-insulating insert (2). 7. Kochmulde nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Edelstahlplatte (5) eine Anzeigevorrichtung (16) trägt.7. Cooking hob according to claim 1, characterized in that the stainless steel plate (5) carries a display device (16). 8. Kochmulde nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Edelstahlplatte (5) eine Legende (17) trägt.8. Cooking hob according to claim 1, characterized in that the stainless steel plate (5) carries a legend (17). 9. Kochmulde nach Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dap) die Glaske­ramikscheiben (10) von einem Falzrand (8) in der Edelstahlplatte (5) umgeben sind.9. Cooking hob according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the glass ceramic disks (10) are surrounded by a folded edge (8) in the stainless steel plate (5). 10. Kochmulde nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Glaskera­mikscheiben (10) von einer unbeheizten Isolierzone (13) umgeben sind.10. Cooking hob according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the glass ceramic disks (10) are surrounded by an unheated insulating zone (13). 11. Kochmulde nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß unter mindestens ei­ner Glaskeramikscheibe (10) eine aus zwei Heizkreisen (14 und 15) bestehende Heizung angeordnet ist.11. Cooking hob according to claim 1, characterized in that a heater consisting of two heating circuits (14 and 15) is arranged under at least one glass ceramic plate (10). 12. Kochmulde nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Klebemasse 11 der Glaskeramikscheiben (10) und der Edelstahlplatte (5) eine Wärmeiso­liermasse ist.12. Cooking hob according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the adhesive 11 of the glass ceramic discs (10) and the stainless steel plate (5) is a heat insulating compound.
EP90110196A 1989-06-07 1990-05-29 Cooking top for electric cookers, cooking plates and the like Withdrawn EP0401651A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3918621 1989-06-07
DE19893918621 DE3918621A1 (en) 1989-06-07 1989-06-07 COOKING BASKET FOR ELECTRIC OVENS, HOTPLATES OR THE LIKE

Publications (1)

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EP0401651A1 true EP0401651A1 (en) 1990-12-12

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EP90110196A Withdrawn EP0401651A1 (en) 1989-06-07 1990-05-29 Cooking top for electric cookers, cooking plates and the like

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DE (1) DE3918621A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0531227A1 (en) * 1991-09-05 1993-03-10 Société SCHOLTES Kitchen work surface, especially for domestic use, equipped with at least one heating element
WO1994024490A1 (en) * 1993-04-13 1994-10-27 Redring Electric Limited A hob
DE102008059789A1 (en) * 2008-12-01 2010-06-02 Wamsler Haus- und Küchentechnik GmbH Hob for placing over a heat generator
EP2249086A1 (en) * 2009-05-08 2010-11-10 ABK InnoVent B.V. Kitchen arrangement and method for providing a worktop for a kitchen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9308473U1 (en) * 1993-06-07 1993-12-23 Thielmann AG KG, 35708 Haiger Cooktop

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3733462A (en) * 1972-01-11 1973-05-15 Raytheon Co Heating element for flush top ranges
GB2100853A (en) * 1981-06-23 1983-01-06 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Kitchen installation with built- in cooker hob
DE3440868A1 (en) * 1983-12-19 1985-06-27 Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart Cooking hob
EP0069298B1 (en) * 1981-07-08 1986-08-27 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer Cooking plate
GB2177578A (en) * 1985-07-10 1987-01-21 Redring Electric Ltd Electric hobs
GB2178524A (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-11 Belling & Co Ltd Hobs for electric cookers
EP0300548A1 (en) * 1987-07-11 1989-01-25 Bauknecht Hausgeräte GmbH Radiant heater for cooking devices

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3733462A (en) * 1972-01-11 1973-05-15 Raytheon Co Heating element for flush top ranges
GB2100853A (en) * 1981-06-23 1983-01-06 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Kitchen installation with built- in cooker hob
EP0069298B1 (en) * 1981-07-08 1986-08-27 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer Cooking plate
DE3440868A1 (en) * 1983-12-19 1985-06-27 Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart Cooking hob
GB2177578A (en) * 1985-07-10 1987-01-21 Redring Electric Ltd Electric hobs
GB2178524A (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-11 Belling & Co Ltd Hobs for electric cookers
EP0300548A1 (en) * 1987-07-11 1989-01-25 Bauknecht Hausgeräte GmbH Radiant heater for cooking devices

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0531227A1 (en) * 1991-09-05 1993-03-10 Société SCHOLTES Kitchen work surface, especially for domestic use, equipped with at least one heating element
WO1994024490A1 (en) * 1993-04-13 1994-10-27 Redring Electric Limited A hob
DE102008059789A1 (en) * 2008-12-01 2010-06-02 Wamsler Haus- und Küchentechnik GmbH Hob for placing over a heat generator
EP2249086A1 (en) * 2009-05-08 2010-11-10 ABK InnoVent B.V. Kitchen arrangement and method for providing a worktop for a kitchen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3918621A1 (en) 1990-12-13

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