EP0397208B1 - Elektroabscheider für die Reinigung von Gasen - Google Patents

Elektroabscheider für die Reinigung von Gasen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0397208B1
EP0397208B1 EP90108968A EP90108968A EP0397208B1 EP 0397208 B1 EP0397208 B1 EP 0397208B1 EP 90108968 A EP90108968 A EP 90108968A EP 90108968 A EP90108968 A EP 90108968A EP 0397208 B1 EP0397208 B1 EP 0397208B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodes
separator according
electrostatic separator
electrode
magnets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90108968A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0397208A2 (de
EP0397208A3 (de
Inventor
Harald Gebhard Böhler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
Original Assignee
Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG filed Critical Fritz Egger GmbH and Co OG
Publication of EP0397208A2 publication Critical patent/EP0397208A2/de
Publication of EP0397208A3 publication Critical patent/EP0397208A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0397208B1 publication Critical patent/EP0397208B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/86—Electrode-carrying means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical separator for the purification of gases, consisting of a flow-through housing in which several precipitation electrodes and insulated spray electrodes are arranged at a distance from one another, the spray electrodes being suspended at their upper end and connected to a high-voltage unit and at their lower end are held in the operating position by a magnet supported on the housing.
  • an electrical separator is known from US-A-1 409 508.
  • separators are among the most effective gas cleaning devices. They achieve a high separation efficiency even for small and very small particles (aerosols) both in solid and in liquid form.
  • separators are also mainly used in air conditioning technology, in which the particles to be separated are first charged electrically and then separated in a subsequent separation zone.
  • the spray electrodes are simple round wires, wires with attached tips, wires with star-shaped cross sections, ribbon-shaped electrodes, winding electrodes and other electrode shapes used.
  • honeycombs and other shapes can also be used as precipitation electrodes, which have a corresponding precipitation area, catch pockets, slots, baffles and the like possibly being arranged.
  • electrical separators are usually designed with multiple aisles, ie the gas flow is divided into several separating elements, the spray electrodes of which are preferably connected to a common high-voltage unit.
  • the distances between the spray electrodes and the precipitation electrodes are kept as uniform and constant as possible and electrical breakdowns are avoided, in which the electrical field collapses briefly.
  • the electrodes are kept clean or cleaned, which is particularly true for the precipitation areas. This is usually done periodically by tapping, brushing, rinsing or blowing off.
  • an electrical separator (tube or plate type) known from DE-B 27 43 292
  • a high voltage of 40 to 50 kV is used with an electrode spacing of 80 to 100 mm.
  • the precipitation electrodes are cleaned continuously with condensation liquid from the saturated gas stream, for which purpose the precipitation electrodes are cooled on the back of their precipitation surface, so that a condensation liquid film with the separated particles runs down on the precipitation surfaces.
  • Appropriate procedural measures must be taken to ensure that the entire precipitation surface is constantly covered with a film of condensation liquid. Good cleaning can then be achieved even with difficult gas contaminants, for example sticky, but this requires a corresponding effort.
  • the electrical separator is taken out of operation and evaluated or cleaned at certain intervals, for which purpose at least the wire-shaped spray electrodes are removed.
  • the spray electrodes are suspended in a stationary manner above the precipitation electrodes.
  • the wire-shaped spray electrodes are weighted at their lower end located below the precipitation electrodes, as a result of which the electrode wires are tensioned and hang vertically from their suspension point.
  • the attached weights can cause the spray electrode wires to run smoothly in a straight line, but installing and removing the spray electrodes during cleaning and maintenance work is made more difficult by the attached weights, in particular because a larger number of spray electrode wires are usually provided for each electrical separator .
  • the known electrical separator described at the beginning with a magnet assigned to the lower ends of the spray electrodes also offers no simplification with regard to the installation and removal of the spray electrodes.
  • This separator has an electromagnetically excited magnet at a distance below an iron frame, which is suspended from four chain-shaped spray electrodes in the area of its four corners, which are thus not only tensioned by the frame weight but also held in the operating position by the magnetic force.
  • the further spray electrodes arranged between or within the four corner electrodes are each led down through an opening in the frame and each tensioned by a suspended individual weight. To remove it, the individual weights must also be removed and the frame detached.
  • the magnetic holder therefore does not simplify the cleaning of the electrodes.
  • the invention has for its object to design the electrical separator so that a perfect centering of the electrodes is guaranteed with simple installation and removal. A simple and effective way of cleaning the electrodes is also sought.
  • each spray electrode is assigned its own holding magnet.
  • each individual spray electrode can be carried out both by means of permanent magnets and by means of electromagnets, an electromagnet offering the possibility of changing or adapting the magnetic force in a simple manner.
  • the magnetic force holder provided, not only the spray electrode wires but also the precipitation electrodes can be suspended and held in their optimal position at their lower end without the need for mechanical anchoring or the attachment of weights. Magnetic adhesive, pulling and repelling forces can be used. These enable exact centering while avoiding undesired deflections and at the same time “tensioning" the electrodes.
  • the above-mentioned attached weights essentially have a clamping function, the centering effect being only slight.
  • electrodes held by magnetic forces in particular wire-shaped spray electrodes, can be installed and removed without corresponding fastening or detaching measures being carried out or weights having to be attached or detached. After the correct arrangement of the magnets for the first time, the optimal alignment or centering results automatically.
  • changeable electromagnetic forces is particularly expedient in order to set the electrodes in a controlled manner to vibrate and thereby to clean them.
  • other cleaning measures such as tapping or rinsing can be replaced or usefully supplemented, with no significant additional expenditure.
  • the electrical separator 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a housing 2 with a vertically arranged cylindrical housing shell 3, in which seven separating elements (FIG. 2) are arranged, of which only three alongside one another in FIG. 1 along a common diameter for the sake of clarity arranged elements are shown.
  • the elements 4 are designed in the same way.
  • Each element 4 consists of a tubular precipitation electrode 5, which is fastened within the housing 2 in a manner not shown, and of a wire-shaped spray electrode 6, which extends along the axis of the associated precipitation electrode 5 and above and upwards and downwards.
  • a grounding 7 of the precipitation electrodes 5 is indicated.
  • the housing jacket 3 has an inlet connector 8 for raw gas at its lower end and an outlet connector 9 for clean gas at its upper end.
  • the housing shell 3 is closed at the top by a cover 10 and has at its lower end a funnel bottom 11 with a drainage pipe 12 for the removal of the separated impurities.
  • the spray electrodes 6 are suspended with their upper end on a support plate 13 which is supported in an electrically insulated manner in the housing 2 in a manner not shown.
  • the spray electrodes 6 are connected via a conductor 14, which runs through an insulating bushing 15 in the cover 10, to a high-voltage unit 16, which is provided with an earth 17.
  • a perforated plate 18 is arranged in the housing shell 3 at a short distance above the inlet connection 8. Seven electromagnets 19 are fastened on this sufficient passage cross section for the perforated plate 18 having gas flow and are connected to a power source 22 via power supply lines 20 and 21.
  • the power supply for example the frequency, can be changed by means of a control device 23 and a corresponding magnetic effect can thereby be produced.
  • the excited electromagnets 19 have an attractive effect on the lower ends of the spray electrodes 6, which are arranged at a distance above them.
  • 6 opposite poles 24 are arranged on the lower ends of the spray electrodes.
  • the magnetic force of the excited electromagnets 19 causes an attraction of the lower ends of the spray electrodes 6 and thus their tightening in the vertical direction as well as a stable centering of the lower ends of the spray electrodes 6 in alignment with the stationary magnets 19.
  • the spray electrodes 6 can be made to vibrate, so that dirt is thrown off these electrodes.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 has a housing 32 of essentially rectangular horizontal cross section.
  • a series of parallel plate-shaped precipitation electrodes 33 are arranged in this, of which only three are shown for the sake of simplicity.
  • the precipitation electrodes 33 are made of metal and are grounded in a manner not shown. They are fixed at their upper ends in the housing 32, for example by means of strips 34 which extend over the entire length of the upper electrode edge.
  • a row of wire-shaped spray electrodes 35 extends between each two adjacent precipitation electrodes 33, only one spray electrode from each row being visible in the drawing.
  • the spray electrodes 35 are on one fixed and insulated supported carrier 36 and are placed under high voltage via a conductor 37.
  • FIG. 1 As in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
  • the spray electrodes 35 are centered and tensioned in that a counter pole 38 is fastened at their lower end, which interacts with a permanent magnet 39 arranged at an axial distance below it.
  • Each row of permanent magnets 39 is fastened on a rod-shaped carrier 40.
  • Electromagnets 41 and 42 with a current source 43 and 44 and an associated control device 45 and 46 are arranged opposite one another on the inner wall of the housing 32.
  • the electromagnets 41, 42 are opposite poles 47 and 48, which are each supported by an arm 49 on a guide frame 50.
  • the guide frame 50 which is made of insulating material, has two rows of guide openings 51 which each receive a spray electrode 35 when arranged accordingly.
  • alternating controlled excitation and de-excitation of the electromagnets 41 and 42 can cause the guide frame 50 to vibrate horizontally (in the plane of the drawing), as a result of which the spray electrodes 35 can be moved accordingly for cleaning.
  • each precipitation electrode is assigned at least one pair of electromagnets 52 and 53.
  • the two magnets of each magnet pair 52, 53 can be excited differently, which is why the left magnet 52 in the drawing or the right magnets 53 different current sources 54 and 55 and control devices 56 and 57 are assigned - drawn for the two external electromagnets.
  • a common power source and a common control device with the corresponding number of connecting lines could also be provided.
  • the plate-shaped precipitation electrodes 33 are shown in a vertically depending position, which they assume when the electromagnets 52 and 53 are not excited or to the same extent with a matching magnetic force.
  • the latter case of a uniform excitation can be expedient in order to keep the flexible thin precipitation electrodes 33 in a stable, vertically depending position.
  • the gas to be cleaned can also be passed horizontally through the alleys formed between the plate-shaped precipitation electrodes.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
EP90108968A 1989-05-12 1990-05-12 Elektroabscheider für die Reinigung von Gasen Expired - Lifetime EP0397208B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3915639 1989-05-12
DE3915639A DE3915639C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-05-12 1989-05-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0397208A2 EP0397208A2 (de) 1990-11-14
EP0397208A3 EP0397208A3 (de) 1991-11-06
EP0397208B1 true EP0397208B1 (de) 1994-07-13

Family

ID=6380585

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90108968A Expired - Lifetime EP0397208B1 (de) 1989-05-12 1990-05-12 Elektroabscheider für die Reinigung von Gasen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0397208B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE108347T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3915639C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT408846B (de) * 1999-05-03 2002-03-25 Forsthuber Paul Röhrenelektrofilter
DE20118299U1 (de) * 2001-11-10 2003-03-20 Hengst GmbH & Co.KG, 48147 Münster Elektrofilter mit Schwingungsantrieb
DE102006009765B4 (de) * 2006-03-01 2008-06-12 Kma Kurtsiefer Maschinen- Und Apparatebau Gmbh Röhrenelektrofilter
DE102007010973B4 (de) * 2007-03-05 2008-10-16 Schmatloch Nückel Technologietransfer Elektrofilter für eine Kleinfeuerungsanlage
EP2065094B1 (de) 2007-11-27 2016-08-17 Meister Umwelt Technologie AG Elektrofilter
US8257469B2 (en) * 2009-03-18 2012-09-04 Meister Environment Technology Ltd. Electrostatic filter
CH705334A2 (de) 2011-07-27 2013-01-31 Beat Mueller Zentrierung einer Hochspannungselektrode durch magnetische Kräfte.
CA2907312A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Battelle Memorial Institute Oil-collecting electrostatic precipitator
DE102018205333A1 (de) * 2018-04-10 2019-10-10 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Elektrostatische Filtereinheit und Lüftungsvorrichtung mit elektrostatischer Filtereinheit
DE102019101885A1 (de) * 2019-01-25 2020-07-30 Oliver Schmitz Elektroabscheider in Stufenform

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1409508A (en) * 1921-05-20 1922-03-14 Research Corp Magnetic steadying device for electrodes
FR683488A (fr) * 1928-10-20 1930-06-12 Metallgesellschaft Ag Procédé pour le nettoyage des électrodes, et spécialement des électrodes de dépôts des épurateurs à gaz électriques
GB369255A (en) * 1930-12-17 1932-03-17 Fumivorite Et Depoussierage In Improvements in apparatus for the electrostatic removal of dust
US2508133A (en) * 1944-08-29 1950-05-16 Smidth & Co As F L Electric precipitating apparatus
DE846096C (de) * 1950-10-08 1952-08-07 Metallgesellschaft Ag Ruettelung von Niederschlagselektroden der elektrischen Gasreinigung
CH305410A (de) * 1952-06-20 1955-02-28 Ag Elex Elektromagnetische Klopfanordnung für Elektrofilter.
GB825088A (en) * 1956-02-03 1959-12-09 Cottrell Res Inc Improvements in or relating to systems for electromagnetically rapping electrodes of an electrostatic precipitator
DE2743292B2 (de) * 1977-09-27 1981-04-16 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Elektroabscheider zur Abscheidung von Schwebstoffen aus einem heißen Gasstrom
US4693732A (en) * 1987-02-19 1987-09-15 Martin Engineering Company Piston vibrator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59006399D1 (de) 1994-08-18
DE3915639C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1991-01-24
EP0397208A2 (de) 1990-11-14
EP0397208A3 (de) 1991-11-06
ATE108347T1 (de) 1994-07-15

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