EP0395290B1 - Dachbauweise - Google Patents

Dachbauweise Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0395290B1
EP0395290B1 EP90304149A EP90304149A EP0395290B1 EP 0395290 B1 EP0395290 B1 EP 0395290B1 EP 90304149 A EP90304149 A EP 90304149A EP 90304149 A EP90304149 A EP 90304149A EP 0395290 B1 EP0395290 B1 EP 0395290B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roof
sheeting
supporting
corrugated
battens
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90304149A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0395290A1 (de
Inventor
Leone Luparini
Heinz Michael Eichenauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ONDULINE BUILDING PRODUCTS LIMITED
Original Assignee
ONDULINE BUILDING PRODUCTS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB898908698A external-priority patent/GB8908698D0/en
Application filed by ONDULINE BUILDING PRODUCTS Ltd filed Critical ONDULINE BUILDING PRODUCTS Ltd
Publication of EP0395290A1 publication Critical patent/EP0395290A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0395290B1 publication Critical patent/EP0395290B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/02—Grooved or vaulted roofing elements
    • E04D1/04—Grooved or vaulted roofing elements of ceramics, glass or concrete, with or without reinforcement
    • E04D1/045—Vaulted roofing elements laid alternately side-up and side-down, e.g. monks and nuns tiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D12/00—Non-structural supports for roofing materials, e.g. battens, boards
    • E04D12/004—Battens
    • E04D12/006—Batten-supporting means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/004—Protection against birds, mice or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
    • E04D3/3608—Connecting; Fastening for double roof covering or overroofing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to roofing, and is particularly suitable for the construction of tiled or slated roofs.
  • underlay such as roofing felt
  • roofing felt In a conventional roof, sheets of underlay, such as roofing felt, are laid over a timber framework formed by the rafters, and tiles or slates are laid on top of the underlay.
  • the underlay thus forms a secondary barrier to water penetration.
  • Low-pitch roofs of this type are particularly prone to problems, a major one being that of water ingress. As the roof is relatively flat, water or snow may collect on the tiles or slates and then seep between the tiles or slates. The low pitch of the roof also means that wind can blow water underneath the tiles or slates. Pantiles are particularly likely to allow water to creep beneath them, due to their shape.
  • the roofing felt underlay is the only barrier to prevent water from entering the building. Often it does not prove to be an effective barrier, as the roofing felt tends to sag between the rafters on which it is laid, creating gaps between adjacent overlapping sheets.
  • a further drawback of known tiled or slated roof structure is that they provide very little thermal insulation.
  • CH-A-219877 describes roof comprising a roof-supporting structure, corrugated waterproof sheeting supported by the structure and covering substantially the entire roof in a waterproof manner, and tiles overlying the corrugated waterproof sheeting.
  • the waterproof sheeting has its corrugations running down the slope of the roof and is supported from below across its entire width by boarding or the like.
  • DE-A-1784371 describes a roof structure in which a corrugated sheeting is laid under the battens which are fixed by nailing into rafters. In one embodiment ceiling boards are placed below the corrugated sheeting.
  • the roof shown in the drawings comprises a timber framework on which sheets of corrugated waterproof material 12 are laid. Slates or tiles 20 of stone, clay, or concrete are then laid on top of the corrugated sheeting.
  • roof trusses 1 are fixed in position extending from a ridgeboard 2 to a wall 3 of the building in the conventional manner.
  • An undercloak 4 is fitted flush to the top of each gable wall 5 of the building at this stage.
  • Purlins 6 are fixed across the roof trusses 1 at regular intervals, perpendicular to the trusses.
  • An apron of waterproof material 7 may be fitted at the eaves of the roof structure, supported by plywood 8 and an inclined chamfered board 9 secured to a fascia board 10. The outer edge of the apron overhangs the fascia board.
  • the arrangement causes the lower margin of the corrugated sheeting 12 adjacent the eaves to slope at a lesser angle to the horizontal than the remainder of the sheeting, as can be seen in Figure 7.
  • Supporting battens 11 are laid on top of the purlins, parallel to the roof trusses.
  • the supporting battens 11 are spaced apart at regular intervals, to coincide with whole numbers of corrugations of corrugated waterproof sheets 12 (figs. 2 and 3) and are fixed in place by nails or analogous means to the purlins.
  • the corrugated sheets 12 are laid on top of the framework of roof trusses 1, purlins 6 and supporting battens 11, so that the corrugations run parallel to the roof trusses and supporting battens.
  • Each supporting batten runs underneath a crest 13 (fig. 3) of a corrugation of the corrugated sheets.
  • the corrugated sheets are preferably about 3mm thick and made into a monolayer from organic fibres impregnated with bitumen under high pressure and at high temperature.
  • Such a corrugated material is sold under the Trade Mark “Onduline” by Onduline Building Products Ltd., London.
  • each sheet of corrugated material may be used in the construction of a roof, and each sheet overlaps its neighbours. Where the overlap is between adjacent sheets at different heights on the roof, the sheets are arranged so that the lower edge of the higher sheet overlays the upper edge of the lowe sheet. Therefore, any water running down the corrugations does not enter the building at these overlaps.
  • the layer of corrugated material covers the entire roof structure in a watertight manner.
  • the corrugated sheets 12 are fixed in position with nails 14 (fig. 3).
  • the nails are positioned at regular intervals, and each nail passes through a crest 13 (fig. 3) of a corrugation and into a purlin 6.
  • the corrugated sheets 12 are supported by a framework of purlins 6 and roof trusses.
  • a gas-permeable filler 15 made of polyethylene foam is positioned on the lowest purlin 6a, and the corrugated sheets 12 fit flush onto the filler.
  • the filler 15 prevents the entry into the roof structure of dust, birds and other foreign material, whilst still permitting the passage of air.
  • Tiling battens 16 (figs. 2 and 3) are laid on top of corrugated sheets 12, parallel to the purlins 6 and spaced at regular intervals at a pitch appropriate to the size and type of tile or slate.
  • the tiling battens 16 are fixed in position with nails 17 (fig. 3). Each nail passes through a crest 13 of a corrugation of the corrugated sheets, and into one of the supporting battens 11 which lies beneath the crest of the corrugation (fig. 3).
  • the tiling battens 16 are supported by the corrugated sheets 12 and the supporting battens 11.
  • a bird comb 18 may be positioned at the eaves of the roof structure to prevent the entry of birds.
  • a bargeboard 19 is fixed at the junction of the roof with the side walls 5.
  • Tiles or slates 20 are hung on the tiling battens 16 in the normal manner, and guttering 21 may be fitted to the fascia board 10 at the eaves in the usual way.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show a modification of the roof structure of Figures 1 to 3.
  • the purlins 6 are set at regular intervals corresponding to the gauge of the tiles or slates eventually to be used.
  • the supporting battens 11 are omitted, the corrugated sheeting 12 being placed directly over the purlins 6.
  • the tiling battens 16 are placed directly over the purlins and secured in place by nailing to the purlins 6
  • Rigid steel bridge members 40 are placed at intervals over the ridges in the corrugated sheet and underneath the tiling battens at the points where the tiling battens are nailed to the purlins to support the tiling battens and prevent them crushing the corrugations in the sheeting.
  • the bridge members are in the shape of an inverted U with a cross piece 43 and two diverging legs 44.
  • the bottoms of the legs are curved to form smooth feet 41 which rest on the sheeting and do not damage it.
  • the height H of the bridge member 40 corresponds to the depth of the corrugations and the spacing W of the feet 41 of the bridge member corresponds to the width of the corrugations.
  • Each nail which secures the tiling batten to the purlin also passes through a hole 42 in the bridge member and through the crest of the corrugation in the sheeting and thus serves to hold the corrugated sheeting and bridging member in place.
  • the bridging members do not prevent air flowing up the spaces formed by the corrugations from the eaves to the ridge of the roof on both sides of the sheeting.
  • the embodiment of Figures 4 and 5 is the same as that of Figures 1 to 3.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show a modification of the embodiment of Figures 4 and 5 which is identical in every respect except that the bridge members 40 are omitted.
  • the tiling battens 16 are nailed to the purlins 6 through the crests of the corrugations, care being taken when driving in the nails not to drive them in too far and thus distort the corrugations of the sheeting.
  • the invention therefore, provides a highly waterproof roof structure, as protection is provided both by the tiles or slates and by the underlaying sheet of corrugated material.
  • the invention is particularly useful for low-pitch roofs or roofs with badly fitting tiles or slates, as even when water does seep between the tiles, it is prevented from entering the building by the corrugated waterproof underlay. Any water entering the roof simply runs down the troughs of the corrugations and leaves the building.
  • Good waterproof sealing is possible between adjacent sheets of the waterproof material, so that water does not enter the building through gaps between the underlay sheets as can happen with conventional roofs. This effective sealing is partly due to the overlap of corrugations between adjacent sheets, which provides an interlocking junction between sheets, and partly due to the high bitumen content of the material used, so that one sheet adheres to the other.
  • the positioning of nails through the crests of the corrugated sheets further prevents water seeping into the building. Any water present within the roof structure will collect in the troughs of the corrugated sheets, and as nails only perforate the crests, the likelihood of water entering building through these perforations is reduced.
  • the invention also enables air-flow through the roof, due to the corrugated nature of the waterproof sheets, allowing evaporation of moisture present within the roof structure.
  • a roof structure according to the invention is also thermally insulating. This results partly from the thickness of the corrugated sheets and partly from holding air within the structure due to the corrugations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Dach mit einem dachtragenden Aufbau (1), einer gewellten, wasserdichten Verkleidung (12), die vom Aufbau getragen wird und im wesentlichen das ganze Dach auf eine wasserdichte Art und Weise abdeckt, und Dachziegel oder Schieferplatten (20), die die gewellte, wasserdichte Verkleidung (12) überlagern und darauf ruhen, wobei die wasserdichte Verkleidung (12) bitumenimprägnierte Fasern enthält und wobei ihre Wellen bzw. Rillen die Dachneigung hinunterlaufen, wobei der dachtragende Aufbau Sparren aufweist sowie die gewellte, wasserdichte Verkleidung (12) von unten über deren ganze Breite strukturell tragende Vorrichtungen (6), die mittels Sicherungsmittel an die Sparren (1) sicher befestigt sind, wobei die gewellte, wasserdichte Verkleidung (12) mittels Nägel oder anderer Befestigungsmittel (14), die an Stellen zwischen den Sparren durch die Wellenkämme (13) in der Verkleidung (12) in die Tragevorrichtungen hinein gehen, an diese Tragevorrichtungen (6) sicher befestigt ist, und wobei die gewellte Verkleidung (12) entlang dem an den Dachvorsprung angrenzenden unteren Dachrand im Vergleich zum Rest unter einem kleineren Winkel zur Horizontalen schräg abfällt.
  2. Dach gemäß Anspruch 1, bei dem die gewellte, wasserdichte Verkleidung wenigstens 3 mm dick ist und durch Imprägnierung der Fasern mit Bitumen unter Druck geformt worden ist.
  3. Dach gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem die Dachziegel (20) auf der gewellten Verkleidung (12) unmittelbar getragen werden.
  4. Dach gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem über der Verkleidung Dachlatten (16) und die Dachziegel oder Schieferplatten (20) von den Dachlatten getragen werden.
  5. Dach gemäß Anspruch 4, bei dem die Dachlatten an die Tragevorrichtungen mittels Nägel oder anderer Befestigungsmittel (17) befestigt sind, die sich durch die Wellenkämme (13) in der Verkleidung in den dachtragenden Aufbau hinein erstrecken.
  6. Dach gemäß Anspruch 4 oder 5, bei dem Abstandsvorrichtungen (11; 40) zwischen dem dachtragenden Aufbau und den Dachlatten (16) für das Tragen der Dachlatten (16) an den Stellen vorgesehen sind, an denen die Dachlatten am dachtragenden Aufbau befestigt sind.
  7. Dach gemäß Anspruch 4 oder 5, bei dem der dachtragende Aufbau Stützleisten (11) enthält, die derart angeordnet sind, daß jede einzelne unter einem anderen Wellenkamm (13) der Verkleidung liegt, und die Dachlatten (16) an die Stützleisten (11) mittels Nägel oder anderer Befestigungsmittel (17) befestigt sind.
  8. Dach gemäß Anspruch 4 oder 5, bei dem der dachtragende Aufbau Pfetten (6) aufweist, die entsprechend der Weite der Dachziegel oder der Schieferplatten beabstandet angeordnet sind, und bei dem die Dachlatten (16) über den Pfetten und parallel zu diesen liegen und mittels Nägel oder anderer Befestigungsmittel (17) an den Pfetten befestigt sind.
  9. Dach gemäß einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der dachtragende Aufbau zu den Dachbalken oder Sparren senkrecht verlaufende Pfetten (6) aufweist sowie Stützleisten (11), die sich parallel zu den Dachbalken oder Sparren (1) erstrecken und von den Pfetten (6) getragen werden.
  10. Dach gemäß Anspruch 9, bei dem die Wellen der Verkleidung (12) parallel zu den Dachbalken (1) verlaufen und bei dem jede Stützleiste (11) unter einem Wellenkamm (13) der Verkleidung liegt.
  11. Dach gemäß Anspruch 8 oder 9, bei dem die gewellte, wasserdichte Verkleidung (12) mittels durch die Wellenkämme (13) in der Verkleidung gehender Nägel oder anderer Befestigungsmittel (14) an die Pfetten befestigt ist.
  12. Dach gemäß Anspruch 9, 10 oder 11, bei dem die Dachlatten (16) an die Stützleisten (11) mittels Nägel (17) durch die Wellenkämme in der Verkleidung (12) angebracht sind und senkrecht zu den Dachbalken oder Sparren (1) verlaufen.
  13. Dach gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 12, bei dem zum Tragen der Dachlatten ein starres Brückenglied (40) über dem Wellenkamm an jeder Stelle angeordnet ist, an der die Dachlatte (16) an den dachtragenden Aufbau angenagelt ist.
  14. Dach gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bei dem der dachtragende Aufbau Dachbalken oder Sparren (1) enthält, die mit einer Witterungsschutz-Verschalung (51) abgedeckt sind.
  15. Dach gemäß einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Fasern der gewellten, wasserdichten Verkleidung (12) aus organischen Bestandteilen bestehen.
  16. Dach gemäß einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Fasern der gewellten, wasserdichten Verkleidung (12) unter hohen Temperaturen mit Bitumen imprägniert sind.
  17. Dach gemäß einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem ein luftdurchlässiges Füllmaterial (15) den Raum zwischen der gewellten, wasserdichten Verkleidung (12) und dem dachtragenden Aufbau (6) an einer dem Dachvorsprung nahen Stelle ausfüllt.
  18. Dachaufbau gemäß Anspruch 17, bei dem das luftdurchlässige Füllmaterial (15) aus Polyethylenschaum besteht.
  19. Dach gemäß einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem eine Kammanordnung (18) über dem unteren Endabschnitt der Wellen am Dachvorsprung derart angeordnet ist, daß das Eintreten von Vögeln verhindert wird, während dagegen Luft durch den unteren Endabschnitt der Wellen in den Dachraum und zwischen die Dachziegel und die gewellte Verkleidung eintreten kann.
  20. Dach gemäß einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der tragende Aufbau ein an den Dachvorsprung angrenzendes, geneigtes, abgeschrägtes Brett (9) enthält, um den unteren Randabschnitt der gewellten Verkleidung (12) unter dem kleineren Neigungswinkel zu tragen.
  21. Dach gemäß einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der dachtragende Aufbau Pfetten (6) aufweist und bei dem sich eine Schürze aus wasserdichtem Material (7) von der untersten Pfette (6a) zum untersten von einem geneigten Brett (8) getragenen Dachrand erstreckt.
EP90304149A 1989-04-18 1990-04-18 Dachbauweise Expired - Lifetime EP0395290B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8908698 1989-04-18
GB898908698A GB8908698D0 (en) 1989-04-18 1989-04-18 Roof structure
GB8926660 1989-11-24
GB8926660A GB2233683B (en) 1989-04-18 1989-11-24 Roof structure

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0395290A1 EP0395290A1 (de) 1990-10-31
EP0395290B1 true EP0395290B1 (de) 1996-07-17

Family

ID=26295236

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90304149A Expired - Lifetime EP0395290B1 (de) 1989-04-18 1990-04-18 Dachbauweise

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0395290B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE140506T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69027810T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0395290T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2088967T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2037598B1 (es) * 1991-08-27 1994-01-16 Bodry Gerhard "cubierta de edificio y procedimiento para su fabricacion"
GB2318593A (en) * 1996-10-24 1998-04-29 David Frederick Martin Roof batten spacer
ES2178587B1 (es) * 2000-12-28 2004-11-16 Fernando Gordun Burillo Lamina de impermeabilizacion.
US20030000157A1 (en) * 2001-05-11 2003-01-02 Boral Lifetile Inc. Eave riser extension for roof transitions
ES2317718B1 (es) * 2005-09-29 2009-12-17 Verea, S.L. Procedimiento para la colocacion de cubiertas autoventiladas en seco.
FR3022927B1 (fr) * 2014-06-26 2016-06-10 Onduline Sa Methode de conception d'une plaque ondulee et plaque ondulee obtenue
GB2540823B (en) * 2015-08-25 2017-09-06 Wetheralds Construction Ltd Roofing assembly
CN107023126A (zh) * 2017-06-02 2017-08-08 高志斌 一种轻型钢结构防水屋面抗风揭加固结构

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH219877A (de) * 1941-06-20 1942-03-15 J & W Knabenhans Geb Geneigtes Dach.
CH241845A (de) * 1944-10-13 1946-04-15 Wuethrich Walter Flachbedachung.
CH340332A (de) * 1958-04-29 1959-08-15 Kummer Walter Dach
FR1223464A (fr) * 1959-01-26 1960-06-17 Cimt Comp Ind Mat Transport Panneau, notamment destiné à l'exécution de couvertures
DE1784371A1 (de) * 1968-08-01 1971-08-05 Richard Kellerhoff Unterdach fuer Dachziegel aller Art mit wellenfoermig ausgebildeten Dichtungsbahnen oder Tafeln
DE1945686A1 (de) * 1969-09-10 1971-03-18 Metallgesellschaft Ag Dachunterspannbahn
FR2500039A1 (fr) * 1981-02-17 1982-08-20 Pioch Lucien Bac metallique autoportant support de tuiles
FR2532349B3 (fr) * 1982-08-26 1985-06-14 Eternit Financiere Procede de pose de plaques support de tuiles canal
US4690839A (en) * 1984-01-26 1987-09-01 Mitsuboshi Sangyo Co. Ltd. Method for manufacturing thick asphalt sheet
DE8632630U1 (de) * 1986-12-05 1987-07-23 Bieber, Heinz, 6339 Bischoffen, De
FR2637633B1 (fr) * 1988-10-12 1993-04-16 Omnium Francais Indl Cal Toit en tuiles plates, son procede de realisation, et element de support et repartition de charge pour un tel toit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0395290A1 (de) 1990-10-31
DE69027810T2 (de) 1996-12-05
DE69027810D1 (de) 1996-08-22
DK0395290T3 (da) 1996-08-26
ATE140506T1 (de) 1996-08-15
ES2088967T3 (es) 1996-10-01

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