EP0388791B1 - Apparatus for removing trash from a fiber web - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for separating dirt from a nonwoven fabric located on a rotating toothed roller according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

The above-mentioned devices are known from the prior art, for example from GB-B-1 058 894, in which the fleece lying on the drum after passing through the revolving cover is removed from the surface of the fleece by means of a knife counter to the direction of rotation of the drum and is suctioned off by means of a suction channel. In front of the knife, seen in the direction of rotation of the reel, is a guiding surface that guides the fleece.

DE-C-30 34 036 (equivalent to US-A-4 400 852) shows an improved embodiment of the above-mentioned device for separating dirt, also called dirt separator, in which a sawtooth set is provided immediately after the knife to parallelize again the fibers of the fiber layer lying on the reel brought into a certain tangle by the aforementioned suction.

Another dirt separator is shown in US Pat. No. 4,309,796 in which the guide plate upstream of the knife, seen in the direction of rotation of the spool, is arranged downstream of a stationary carding element and a stationary carding element is also provided immediately after the knife. The whole is shown in a card in which only stationary carding elements are used and between These stationary carding elements are each provided with a dirt separator.

A similar embodiment is shown in DE-C-28 46 109 (equivalent to US-A-4 314 387), in which, after a stationary carding element (seen in the direction of rotation of the spool), a guide surface opposite the spool surface is provided as well as one according to a predetermined one , Knife forming a separation gap, which is attached to the subsequent stationary carding element.

The guide surface is part of a catch rail which, like the guide knife, is adjustable from and against the drum surface.

In addition, the latter elements can be adjusted such that the distance between the cutting gap and the knife edge and the collecting rail can be changed.

GB-C-1 483 291 also discloses a card with a carded reel in which cover plates are located opposite the reel set. Openings are provided between these cover plates for the removal of dirt, the front edge of a plate being chamfered, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drum. The spacing of these plates can be adjusted by a small amount using two spacer rings and clamping screws. Part of the fastening clamps is located between a fixed carding plate and the discharge opening in order to fix a normal set on the plate.

The general disadvantage of the aforementioned prior art is more modern in developing throughput performance To consider machines in the blowroom and carding shop, since the services in these areas have been significantly increased in recent years.

In particular, the card not only requires higher throughput, but also an improved card sliver, so that development work had to be carried out in the system of the individual card functions in order to obtain a more uniform card sliver with higher output, which also had less neps, dirt content and less fiber damage having.

In the cited prior art it can be stated that the inventors of this prior art were of the opinion that the nonwoven fabric lying on the reel must be passed through a smooth guide surface before reaching the knife edge of the aforementioned knife in order to obtain good results. This reasoning came from the experience that a dirt separation gap between two stationary carding elements without the aforementioned guide surface had the appearance of a so-called "snout" in the separation gap, which had the disadvantage that this snout could get into the suction or back onto the fleece in an uncontrolled manner . This "Schnauz effect" could be eliminated with a guide plate in front of the knife.

In today's high performance of such a card, however, it is necessary to have as few surfaces on the reel as possible that do not have a carding function.

It was therefore the task to find a replacement for the aforementioned guide plate, which had at least a certain carding effect without the snouting effect mentioned.

It has now surprisingly been found in tests that a carding rod rotated by 180 °, which was used instead of the above-mentioned guide surface, resulted in a careless guidance of the fibers towards the knife with a good carding effect.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

The further embodiments are listed in the further dependent claims.

The advantages achieved by the invention are that, with the card being optimally designed for the carding effect, there is at the same time the possibility of optimally removing dirt.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with the aid of drawings which only show execution routes.

Figur 1,

einen Querschnitt durch eine Karde, lediglich mit einem zur Darstellung der Erfindung begrenzten Teil der Elemente, schematisch dargestellt.

Figur 2,

einen Ausschnitt der Karde von Figur 1, vergrössert dargestellt.

Figur 2a,

einen Ausschnitt von Figur 2, vergrössert dargestellt.

Figur 3,

eine Variante der Vorrichtung von Figur 2.

Figur 4-6 und Figur 8,9,11 und 13,

je eine Variante eines Elementes von Figur 2.

Figur 7,10 und 12,

je eine Ansicht in Blickrichtung III einer Fläche der Figur 7, resp.9, resp.12, resp.13.

Figur 14,

eine Variante der Vorrichtung von Figur 3.

Figur 15,

eine Anwendungsform des Elementes von Figur 11, im Schnitt gemäss Pfeilrichtung I (Fig. 16) gezeigt.

Figur 16,

eine Draufsicht der Figur 15.

Figur 17,

ein Anwendungsbeispiel der Elemente der Figuren 1-16.

Figur 18,

eine Draufsicht eines Teils von Figur 17, gemäss Pfeilrichtung II.

Figur 19,

Ein Detail der Figuren 2,3 und 14 im Schnitt und vergrössert dargestellt.

Figur 20,

Eine Variante eines Elementes von Figur 2.

It shows:

Figure 1,

a cross section through a card, only with a limited part of the elements to illustrate the invention, shown schematically.

Figure 2,

a section of the card of Figure 1, shown enlarged.

Figure 2a,

a section of Figure 2, shown enlarged.

Figure 3,

a variant of the device of Figure 2.

Figures 4-6 and Figures 8, 9, 11 and 13,

each a variant of an element from FIG. 2.

Figures 7, 10 and 12,

each a view in viewing direction III of a surface of FIG. 7, 9, 12, or 13 respectively.

Figure 14,

a variant of the device of Figure 3.

Figure 15,

an application form of the element of Figure 11, shown in section according to the direction of arrow I (Fig. 16).

Figure 16,

a plan view of Figure 15.

Figure 17,

an application example of the elements of Figures 1-16.

Figure 18,

a plan view of part of Figure 17, according to the direction of arrow II.

Figure 19,

A detail of Figures 2, 3 and 14 is shown in section and enlarged.

Figure 20,

A variant of an element from FIG. 2.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the cross section of a card 1 with a reel 2, a traveling cover 3 arranged above it, a breeze 4 and a doffer roller 5. The elements in front of the breeze and after the doffer roller are not shown for the sake of simplicity.

In the post-carding zone between the revolving cover 3 and the doffer roller 5 and in the sub-carding zone between the doffer roller 5 and the beater 4, a preparation element 6, a suction device 7 and a separating knife 8 are provided one after the other, viewed in the direction of rotation D of the drum. This combination corresponds to the combination shown in FIG. 2.

In the pre-carding zone between the beater 4 and the revolving cover 3, a combination according to FIG. 3 is provided, namely, in that order, a preparation element 6, a suction device 7 and a separating knife 9 the separating knife is adjustably arranged on a carding element 10 in the arrow directions 11.

A carding element 12 is arranged in the pre-carding zone in front of the preparation element 6 and after the carding element 10, while carding elements 12 are provided after the separating knife 8 in the postcarding zone and in the subcarding zone, namely in the postcarding zone one and five in the carding zone.

The carding elements 12 are the same carding elements as the carding element 10, but without the separating knife 9.

The way in which the elements 6, 8, 10 and 12 are fastened will be explained later with the aid of FIG. 17. For the time being, it should only be pointed out that the elements 6, 8, 10 and 12 each in the arrow directions 13, i.e. are arranged adjustable in the radial direction against and away from the drum 2.

Furthermore, the elements 8 and 10 are arranged to be adjustable in the arrow directions 14, which is also shown and described with the aid of FIGS. 17 and 18.

FIGS. 2 and 3 also schematically show an all-steel fitting 15 belonging to the drum 2, which has been pulled up on the surface thereof.

The preparation element 6 is composed of a supporting body 16 and an all-steel fitting 17 arranged thereon. The manner in which such all-steel fittings are fastened to such support bodies 16 is very well known from the prior art; for example from CH patent 543 607 and therefore not described further.

What is new about the all-steel clothing 17 of the preparation element 6 is that the teeth of this all-steel clothing are directed essentially in the direction of movement D of the reel and that the breast angle α (see FIG. 2a) is in the range from 0 to 75 degrees. The term breast angle is defined in DIN standard sheet No. 64 123 / sheet 1.

The separating knife 8 has a shape similar to that of the supporting body 16 of the preparation element 6, but has a cutting edge 18 directed against the direction of movement D of the drum 2 and a smooth foot surface 22.

A separation gap 19 remains open between the cutting edge 18 and the all-steel clothing 17.

The dirt separated by this separation gap 19 is taken up by the suction 7 and conveyed into a filter (not shown).

This suction 7 consists of a U-shaped channel 20 described later, the foam rubber seals 21 on the preparation element 6, respectively. abuts the separating knife 8 without actually exerting any force on it. The foam rubber can be glued to the channel 20.

FIG. 3 partly has the same elements as FIG. 2, which is why the same elements are provided with the same reference symbols and are not described again.

Direction of movement D seen) of the foot surface 22 can be used for carding. This all-steel set 23 has a normal carding set, i.e. not a type of tooth like the all-steel set 17. The functions of the card sets are known per se and are therefore not described further.

The manner in which the separating knife 9 is fastened to the carding element 10 is not shown further, but it can either be fixedly connected to the carding element 10 or displaced in the directions of movement 11 by means of a guide slot and screws guided therein, which are anchored in the carding element 10 ascertainable.

For operation, the preparation element 6 and the carding element 10 each have to be moved separately in the directions of movement 13, respectively. 14, adjustable, which is not prevented by the foam rubber seal 21 of the suction 7, since the adjustment is kept in a very small frame.

FIGS. 4, 5 and 8 each show a preparation element, which shows an alternative to this instead of the all-steel fittings 17. For example, FIG. 4 has fish scales 24 as structuring instead of the all-steel set 17, while FIG. 5 has longitudinal grooves 25 and FIG. 8 has longitudinal shafts 26.

Under longitudinal grooves or longitudinal waves is understood that these grooves, respectively. these waves, extend over the entire length of the preparatory element, so that they are at least the length of the width of the drum, respectively. correspond to the set, it being familiar to the expert what is meant by the width of the reel.

The technical and technological function of the all-steel set 17, respectively. the fish scales 24, the grooves 25 and shafts 26, as well as the further variants described in the following, is to set the fiber fleece lying on the all-steel clothing 15 of the reel 2 in vibration due to the unevenness in order to use the centrifugal force which also acts on the dirt parts in the fleece To convey dirt particles better to the surface in order to separate them at the knife edge 18 and to convey them away by means of the suction 17.

In addition, there is a certain carding effect, albeit reduced compared to regular card clothing.

As a further variant for the fulfillment of the aforementioned technical and technological purpose, FIGS. 6 and 7 show a corrugated surface (instead of the all-steel assembly 17) (also referred to as "corrugated") surface 27, while FIGS. 9 and 10 with crater-shaped depressions 28 and FIG Elevations 29 are provided.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show a further step in realizing the inventive concept by providing the preparation element 6.1 with a cavity 30 which on the one hand has a connection opening 31 and a perforated plate 32.

The dimensions of the teeth of the all-steel set 17, the fish scales 24, the grooves 25, the shafts 26, the cord 27, the depressions 28 and elevations 29, respectively. the hole diameter and the number of holes 33 of the perforated plate 32 are to be determined by experiments and are not further explained here. As a guideline, a hole diameter between 0.3 and 1.5 mm applies.

FIG. 14 shows a variant of the device from FIG. 3, in that a knife 34 on the carding element 10 moves or moves in the directions of movement 35. is arranged lockable.

The moving resp. the knife 34 is fixed with the aid of an adjusting screw 37 which is rotatable in a support 36 but fixed against axial displacement and which is connected to the knife 34 by means of its thread.

The support 36 is firmly connected to the carding element 10 by means of screws 38.

The suction 7.1, respectively. the channel 20.1, has the same function as the suction 7, respectively. the channel 20. The latter, however, is sealed off from the atmosphere in the area of the knife 34 by means of a lip seal 75 which bears against the knife 34 and is glued to the channel 20, 20.1.

Regarding the independent movability of the knife 34, relative to the movability of the carding element 10 and relative to the movability of the preparation element 6, what has already been said for the suction 7 applies, namely that the movements are small and are not impaired by the seals 21 and 75.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show an application of the preparation element 6.1 from FIGS. 11 and 12 with a plurality of connection openings 31, all of which are connected to an air manifold 39 via connection stubs 40.

The air manifold in turn is connected to either a positive air source 41 or a negative air source 42.

Furthermore, a rotatable end flap 43 is provided in the air manifold 39, which is connected to the drive shaft of a drive motor 44.

The function of this rotatable end flap 43 is to have a pulsating under or in the air manifold Generate overpressure air flow. It is therefore only used when this pulsating air is used.

If necessary, the end flap 43 can remain in the open position when the pulsating air is not being used.

The function of the pulsating air, be it in negative pressure or positive pressure mode, consists in the aforementioned vibration of the fleece lying on the drum set 15 before the knife edge 18 or. the knife edge of the knife 9 or 34 reached.

Which of the two processes, be it the negative pressure or positive pressure process, is used in operation depends on the technological requirements for the card and can be decided on a case-by-case basis.

The term air manifold is in itself not very suitable for overpressure operation, since in such a case it is more of an air distribution line. For the sake of simplicity, the same term is used for both types of procedure.

FIG. 17 corresponds essentially to FIG. 1 of the as yet unpublished German patent application DE-38 11 679.0 and is mentioned again here in order to show the anchoring of elements 6, 8, 10 and 12 with regard to mobility in the radial directions of movement 13.

FIG. 18 does not correspond to the aforementioned German patent application, but is an additional variant for this application in order to make the elements 8 and 10 displaceable even in the circumferentially directed movements 14.

FIG. 17 now shows some details of the card 1 to explain the adjustable fastening of the elements 6, 10 and 12.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 17, a card 1 consists of a reel 2, which is mounted so as to be drivable about an axis of rotation 45, a housing 46 which covers the front ends of the reel, only the left housing part on the left end face of the reel in Figure 17 can be seen. On elements movable in the radial direction of the drum, the card comprises, as already mentioned, the preparation element 6, the knife 8 or the carding element 10 and the carding elements 12. All of these elements can, for example, be adjustably fastened in the manner shown with the aid of FIG. However, it goes without saying that the invention is not restricted to this type of fastening.

The revolving cover 3, beater 4 and the doffer roller 5 additionally shown in FIG. 1 are not important for the present invention and are therefore not described further.

The drum 2 carries an all-steel set 47 in the usual manner.

The elements 6, 8, 10 and 12 are of identical design at their ends, which is why they can all be fastened in the manner shown in FIG. 17. This type of attachment is described in more detail below:
As shown in FIG. 17, the housing 46 has a fixed flange 48, which is a component of the housing and extends in a ring around the axis of rotation 45 of the drum. A fastening block 49 is fastened to the flange 48 by means of screws 50 extending in the radial direction. Each element 6, 8, 10 or 12 is pressed against the fastening block 49 at its two ends by means of a spring clip 51.

The two ends of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12 are supported by the fastening block 49 and an adjustment block 52, the upper part of which is guided in a guide extending in the radial direction in the end of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12. Above the adjustment block 52 there is an adjusting screw 53 with a thread 54, which works together with a corresponding thread 55 in the end of the cover. The end 56 of the adjusting screw 53 opposite the actuating head engages on the radially outer surface 57 of the adjusting block 52 and in this way supports the end of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12, the desired radial distance from the screw being rotated by the screw 53 Spiked set of the drum can be adjusted.

A clamping screw 58 extends at right angles to the adjusting screw 53, that is to say parallel to the axis of rotation of the spool, and engages with its thread 59 in a corresponding internal thread 60 in the adjusting block 52. A washer 61 is located below the actuating block 62 of the clamping screw 58, so that when the clamping screw 58 is tightened, the adjusting block 52 is pulled and clamped against the outer wall part 63 of the end of one of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12. This fixes the set distance of the sets 17.23 or their alternatives 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 or 32.

The spring clip 51 has a first leg 64 bent from a spring strip and a second leg 65, the leg 65 forming an angle of 80 ° with the first leg. The first leg 64 has an angled part 66 with which the spring clip is fastened to the fastening block 49 by means of a screw 67. The angled part 66 of the spring clip also has a slot 68 (FIG. 18) which is provided for receiving guide pins 69 in order to fix the position of the spring clip on the fastening block 49 against rotation in the circumferential direction of the spool.

On the other hand, when the screw 67 is loosened, this slot allows the spring clip 51 and thus the corresponding end of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12 to be displaced in the directions of movement 14 (FIGS. 2, 3 and 18) in order to change the opening gap of the separating gap 19 .

The second leg 65 also has at its end opposite the first leg an angled part 70 which is fork-shaped. The two prongs 71 and 72 (only one shown in FIG. 17) of the fork-shaped part 70, in the installed state shown in FIG. 17, extend along both sides of a stiffening rib 73 of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12, the edge 74 of the fork-shaped opening presses against the upper side of the stiffening rib 73.

FIG. 19 shows the fastening system from FIG. 17, but for fastening the U-shaped channel 20. For this purpose, a connection piece 76 is fixedly arranged on an end wall 77 of the channel 20, the cross section of which corresponds to the cross section of the stiffening rib 73.

With regard to the system of FIGS. 17 and 19, reference is also made to DE-38 11 679.0. It should also be mentioned that the system is used in mirror image at both ends of the elements 6, 8, 10, 12 or the channel 20.

However, it should be mentioned again that the application of the inventive concept is not restricted to the adjustment and fastening type of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12 shown with FIGS. 19 and 20. Other types of fastening or adjustment, which means moving the elements in the directions 13 or. 14 allow are to be regarded as equivalent.

In addition, FIG. 20 shows that elements 6 of FIGS. 2 to 10 and 13 are analogous to 6.1 as element 6.2 with a hollow body, with the system according to FIGS. 15 and 16 can be used. For this purpose, 17 spaces (not shown) or in the grooves 25 or in the valleys of the shafts 26 or in the craters 28, respectively. in addition to the warts 29, or in the valleys of the carded area 27, holes for the air passage are provided. The number and diameter of the holes would have to be determined by experiments.

Finally, it should also be mentioned that the invention is not restricted to use in a card, but can also be used on all rolls which carry a fleece and from which dirt has to be removed.

Claims (23)

1. An apparatus for separating impurities from a fibre fleece situated on a rotating toothed roller (2), with a cutting edge (18) of a separator blade (8, 9, 23) being inclined against the direction of rotation of the toothed roller (2), which blade is arranged stationary, but which is adjustable towards and away from the toothed roller (2), with a preparatory element (6, 6.1, 6.2) situated in the direction of rotation in front of the cutting edge (18), which element is also arranged stationary, but which is adjustable radially towards and away from the toothed roller (2) independent from the separator blade, whereby a separator gap (19) remains between the separator blade and the preparatory element (6, 6.1, 6.2), characterized in that the preparatory element (6, 6.1, 6.2) limits the separator gap (19) and is provided either with a clothing (17) with teeth showing in the direction of rotation of the toothed roller (2) or a non-smooth, structured surface (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 32) which is opposite of the outer circumference of the toothed roller and which makes the fibre fleece lying on the toothed roller (2) oscillate under a certain reduced carding effect so as to convey dirt particles to the surface of the fibre fleece.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the separator gap (19) is covered by a suction duct (7, 7.1).
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the preparatory element is a carding rod (6, 6.1, 6.2).
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the structured surface of the carding rod is formed by a full steel clothing (17) with teeth which are directed in the direction of movement (D) of the circumference of the toothed roller.
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the full steel clothing is provided with a breast angle α (in accordance with DIN 64 123, sheet 1) of 0° to 75°.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the structured surface is a fish scale surface (24) whose fish scales are directed in the direction of movement (D) of the circumference of the toothed roller.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the structured surface is a grooved surface (25) whose grooves are directed transversal to the direction of movement of the circumference of the toothed roller and which extend over the whole length of the carding rod (6, 6.1, 6.2).
8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the structured surface is a knurled surface (27).
9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the structured surface is a wave surface (26) whose waves are directed transversal to the direction of movement of the circumference of the toothed roller and which extend over the whole length of the carding rod (6, 6.1, 6.2).
10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the structured surface is provided with successively arranged recesses (28) which cover the whole surface.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the structured surface is a surface covered with wart-like elevations (29).
12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the structured surface is formed by a perforated plate (32).
13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the preparatory element (6.1, 6.2) is provided with a hollow chamber (30).
14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the perforated plate (32) covers the hollow chamber (30) of the carding rod (6.1) on the side opposite of the circumference of the toothed roller.
15. An apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the structured surface (17, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29) is provided with a predefined number of holes (33) which connect the hollow chamber with the ambient environment of the structured surface.
16. An apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 12, 14 or 15, characterized in that the hole diameter is between 0.3 mm and 1.5 mm.
17. An apparatus as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the hollow chamber (30) is connected to a source with pressure below atmospheric (42).
18. An apparatus as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the hollow chamber (30) is connected to a source with pressure above atmospheric (41).
19. An apparatus as claimed in claim 17 or 18, characterized in that between the pressure source (41, 42) and the hollow chamber (30) a pulsator (43) is provided which allows the air to pulse in the hollow chamber (30).
20. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the preparatory element (6, 6.1, 6.2) is arranged adjustable in the radial direction (13) of the toothed roller (2).
21. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the separator blade (8) is arranged adjustable in the radial direction (13) of the toothed roller.
22. An apparatus as claimed in claim 20, characterized in that the blade (9, 34) is provided on a carding rod (10) which is situated successively to the blade as seen in the direction of movement (D) of the toothed roller, whereby, on the one hand, the carding rod (10) is adjustable in the radial direction (13) of the toothed roller and, on the other hand, the blade (9, 34) is arranged adjustable on the carding rod (10) in such a way that the blade edge (18) is adjustable towards or away from the circumference of the toothed roller.
23. An apparatus as claimed in claim 20, characterized in that the preparatory element (6, 6.1) is adjustable in the circumferential direction (14) of the toothed roller (2) so as to change the separator gap at its opening.

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