EP0388791A1 - Apparatus for removing trash from a fiber web - Google Patents

Abstract

A card 1 has a cylinder 2, a revolving flat 3, a licker-in roller 4 and a take-off roller 5 (also called a doffer roller). …<??>In order, on the one hand, to eliminate dirt and, on the other hand, to improve the carding effect of the card as a whole in the breaking zone between the licker-in 4 and the revolving flat 3, in the post-carding zone between the revolving flat 3 and the doffer 5 and in the sub-carding zone between the doffer 5 and the licker-in 4, according to the invention there is a combination of a preparation element 6, a suction device 7 and a separating knife 8 or 9. …<??>According to the invention, the preparation element has a structured surface directed opposite to the cylinder surface and represented in Figure 1 as teeth pointed sharply in the direction of rotation D of the cylinder 2. …<??>By means of this structured surface, on the one hand a carding effect can be obtained, and on the other hand the fleece lying on the cylinder 2 is exposed to some vibration, so that, in combination with the centrifugal force, the dirt can be eliminated more effectively on the knife 8 or 9 and removed by the suction device 7. …<??>In the breaking zone between the licker-in 4 and the revolving flat 3, the knife 9 is assigned a carding bar 10, unlike the knife 8 in the post-carding and sub-carding zones which has an independent element. …<??>The invention is intended to improve, on the one hand, the carding effect and, on the other hand, the elimination of dirt on a card. …<??>However, the invention is not restricted to the use of the combination on a card, but can also be employed on all rollers which carry a fleece and on which dirt has to be eliminated from the fleece. …<IMAGE>…

Description

The invention relates to a device for separating dirt from a nonwoven fabric located on a rotating toothed roller, namely by means of a stationary separating surface which is opposed to the rotational movement of the toothed roller but is adjustable in the radial direction of the toothed roller, and a separating surface, seen in the direction of rotation of the toothed roller upstream and also stationary preparation element, which is also adjustable in the radial direction of the toothed roller, a separation gap remaining free between the preparation element and the separation surface.

From the prior art, the aforementioned devices are known, for example from GB-PS 1 058 894, in which the fleece lying on the drum after passing through the revolving cover by means of a knife counter to the direction of rotation of the drum, dirt is removed from the surface of the fleece and is suctioned off by means of a suction channel. In front of the knife, seen in the direction of rotation of the spool, is a guide surface that guides the fleece.

An improved embodiment of the above-mentioned device for removing dirt, also called a dirt separator for short, is shown in DE-30 34 036 C2, (equivalent to US Pat. No. 4,400,852, in which a sawtooth set is provided immediately after the knife, in order to provide for the one mentioned above Vacuuming the fibers of the fiber layer lying on the drum again into a certain tangled position, to parallelize them again.

Another dirt separator is shown in US Pat. No. 4,309,796, in which the guide plate in front of the knife, seen in the direction of rotation of the drum, is one stationary carding element is arranged downstream and a stationary carding element is also provided immediately after the knife. The whole is shown in a card, in which only stationary carding elements are used and between these stationary carding elements, a aforementioned dirt separator is provided in each case.

A similar embodiment is shown in DE-28 46 109 C3 (equivalent to US Pat. No. 4,314,387), in which, after a stationary carding element (seen in the direction of rotation of the spool), a guide surface opposite the spool surface is provided as well as a separation gap according to a predetermined one forming distance connecting knife, which is attached to the subsequent stationary carding element.

The guide surface is part of a catch rail which, like the guide knife, is adjustable from and against the drum surface.

In addition, the latter elements can be adjusted such that the distance between the cutting gap and the knife edge and the collecting rail can be changed.

The general disadvantage of the aforementioned prior art can be seen in the development of the throughput rates of modern machines in the blowroom and carding shop, since the rates in these areas have been increased significantly in recent years.

In particular, the card not only requires higher throughput, but also an improved card sliver, so that development work had to be carried out in the system of the individual card functions in order to obtain a more uniform card sliver with higher output, which also has less nits, dirt content and less fiber damage.

In the prior art mentioned, it can be stated that the inventors of this prior art were of the opinion that the fiber lily lying on the reel must be passed through a smooth guide surface before reaching the knife edge of the aforementioned knife in order to obtain good results. This reasoning came from the experience that a dirt separation gap between two stationary carding elements without the aforementioned guide surface had the appearance of a so-called "snout" in the separation gap, which had the disadvantage that this snout could get into the suction or back onto the fleece in an uncontrolled manner . This "Schnauz effect" could be eliminated with a guide plate in front of the knife.

In today's high performance of such a card, however, it is necessary to have as few surfaces on the reel as possible that do not have a carding function.

It was therefore the task to find a replacement for the aforementioned guide plate, which had at least a certain carding effect without the snouting effect mentioned.

It has now surprisingly been found in tests that a carding rod rotated by 180 °, which was used instead of the above-mentioned guide surface, resulted in a careless guidance of the fibers towards the knife with a good carding effect.

The object of the invention is therefore that the prior art mentioned at the beginning is accompanied by the characteristic that the preparatory element is one of the Has toothed roller circumference opposite structured surface.

The further embodiments are listed in the further dependent claims.

The advantages achieved by the invention are that, with the card being optimally designed for the carding effect, there is at the same time the possibility of optimally removing dirt.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with the aid of drawings which only show execution routes.

• Figur 1, einen Querschnitt durch eine Karde, lediglich mit einem zur Darstellung der Erfindung begrenzten Teil der Elemente, schematisch dargestellt.
• Figur 2, einen Ausschnitt der Karde von Figur 1, vergrössert dargestellt.
• Figur 2a, einen Ausschnitt von Figur 2, vergrössert dargestellt.
• Figur 3, eine Variante der Vorrichtung von Figur 2.
• Figur 4-6 und Figur 8,9,11 und 13, je eine Variante eines Elementes von Figur 2.
• Figur 7,10 und 12, je eine Ansicht in Blickrichtung III einer Fläche der Figur 7, resp.9, resp.12, resp.13.
• Figur 14, eine Variante der Vorrichtung von Figur 3.
• Figur 15, eine Anwendungsform des Elementes von Figur 11, im Schnitt gemäss Pfeilrichtung I (Fig. 16) gezeigt.
• Figur 16, eine Draufsicht der Figur 15.
• Figur 17, ein Anwendungsbeispiel der Elemente der Figuren 1-16.
• Figur 18, eine Draufsicht eines Teils von Figur 17, gemäss Pfeilrichtung II.
• Figur 19, Ein Detail der Figuren 2,3 und 14 im Schnitt und vergrössert dargestellt.
• Figur 20, Eine Variante eines Elementes von Figur 2.

It shows:

• Figure 1, a cross section through a card, only with a limited part of the elements to illustrate the invention, shown schematically.
• Figure 2, a section of the card of Figure 1, shown enlarged.
• Figure 2a, a detail of Figure 2, shown enlarged.
• Figure 3, a variant of the device of Figure 2.
• Figure 4-6 and Figure 8,9,11 and 13, each a variant of an element of Figure 2.
• FIGS. 7, 10 and 12, each a view in viewing direction III of a surface of FIG. 7, 9, 12 or 12 respectively.
• FIG. 14, a variant of the device from FIG. 3.
• Figure 15, an application form of the element of Figure 11, shown in section according to the direction of arrow I (Fig. 16).
• Figure 16 is a top view of Figure 15.
• Figure 17, an application example of the elements of Figures 1-16.
• Figure 18 is a plan view of part of Figure 17, according to the direction of arrow II.
• Figure 19, a detail of Figures 2,3 and 14 in section and enlarged.
• Figure 20, a variant of an element of Figure 2.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the cross section of a card 1 with a reel 2, a traveling cover 3 arranged above it, a breeze 4 and a doffer roller 5. The elements in front of the breeze and after the doffer roller are not shown for the sake of simplicity.

In the post-carding zone between the revolving cover 3 and the doffer roller 5 and in the sub-carding zone between the doffer roller 5 and the beater 4, a preparation element 6, a suction device 7 and a separating knife 8 are provided one after the other, viewed in the direction of rotation D of the drum. This combination corresponds to the combination shown in FIG. 2.

In the pre-carding zone between the beater 4 and the revolving cover 3, a combination according to FIG. 3 is provided, namely, in that order, a preparation element 6, a suction device 7 and a separating knife 9 the separating knife is adjustably arranged on a carding element 10 in the arrow directions 11.

A carding element 12 is arranged in the pre-carding zone in front of the preparatory element 6 and after the carding element 10, while carding elements 12 are provided after the separating knife 8 in the postcarding zone and in the subcarding zone, namely in the postcarding zone one and in the subcarding zone five.

The carding elements 12 are the same carding elements as the carding element 10, but without the separating knife 9.

The way in which the elements 6, 8, 10 and 12 are fastened will be explained later with the aid of FIG. 17. For the time being, it should only be pointed out that elements 6, 8, 10 and 12 each in the direction of arrows 13, i.e. are arranged adjustable in the radial direction against and away from the drum 2.

Furthermore, the elements 8 and 10 are arranged to be adjustable in the arrow directions 14, which is also shown and described with the aid of FIGS. 17 and 18.

FIGS. 2 and 3 also schematically show an all-steel fitting 15 belonging to the drum 2, which has been pulled up on the surface thereof.

The preparation element 6 is composed of a support body 16 and an all-steel fitting 17 arranged thereon. The way in which such all-steel fittings are attached to such support bodies 16 is very well known from the prior art; for example from CH patent 543 607 and therefore not described further.

The inventive aspect of the all-steel clothing 17 of the preparatory element 6 is that the teeth of this all-steel clothing are directed essentially in the direction of movement D of the reel and that the breast angle α (see FIG. 2a) is in the range from 0 to 75 degrees. The term breast angle is defined in DIN standard sheet No. 64 123 / sheet 1.

The separating knife 8 has a similar shape to the supporting body 16 of the preparation element 6, but has a cutting edge 18 directed against the direction of movement D of the drum 2 and a smooth foot surface 22.

A separating gap 19 remains open between the cutting edge 18 and the all-steel clothing 17.

The dirt separated by this separating gap 19 is taken up by the suction 7 and conveyed into a filter (not shown).

This suction 7 consists of a U-shaped channel 20 described later, the foam rubber seals 21 on the preparation element 6, respectively. abuts the separating knife 8 without actually exerting any force on it. The foam rubber can be glued to the channel 20.

FIG. 3 partly has the same elements as FIG. 2, which is why the same elements are provided with the same reference symbols and are not described again.

FIG. 3 has an embodiment that is advantageous compared to FIG. 2, in that a separating knife 9, which is relatively smaller than this, is provided on the carding element 10 instead of the separating knife 8. Instead of the foot surface 22 of the separating knife 8, a carding set 23 (also called all-steel set) can be provided, so that essentially the length (in Direction of movement D seen) of the foot surface 22 can be used for carding. This all-steel set 23 has a normal carding set, ie not a type of tooth like the all-steel set 17. The functions of the carding sets are known per se and are therefore not described further.

The manner in which the separating knife 9 is fastened to the carding element 10 is not shown further, but it can either be fixedly connected to the carding element 10 or displaced in the directions of movement 11 by means of a guide slot and screws guided therein, which are anchored in the carding element 10 ascertainable.

For operation, the preparation element 6 and the carding element 10 each have to be moved separately in the directions of movement 13, respectively. 14, be adjustable, which is not prevented by the foam rubber seal 21 of the suction 7, since the adjustment is kept in a very small frame.

FIGS. 4, 5 and 8 each show a preparation element, which shows an alternative to this instead of the all-steel fittings 17. For example, as a structuring, FIG. 4 has fish scales 24 instead of the all-steel set 17, while FIG. 5 has longitudinal grooves 25 and FIG. 8 has longitudinal shafts 26.

Under longitudinal grooves or longitudinal waves is understood that these grooves, respectively. these waves, extend over the entire length of the preparatory element, so that they are at least the length of the width of the drum, respectively. correspond to the set, it being familiar to the skilled worker what should be understood by the width of the reel.

The technical and technological function of the all-steel set 17, respectively. the fish scales 24, the grooves 25 and shafts 26, as well as the further variants described in the following, is to set the fiber fleece lying on the all-steel clothing 15 of the reel 2 in vibration due to the unevenness in order to use the centrifugal force, which also acts on the dirt parts in the fleece, to cause the To convey dirt particles better to the surface in order to separate them at the knife edge 18 and to convey them away by means of the suction 17.

In addition, there is a certain carding effect, albeit reduced compared to regular card clothing.

As a further variant for fulfilling the aforementioned technical and technological purpose, FIGS. 6 and 7 show a corrugated surface (instead of the all-steel fitting 17) (also referred to as “corded”), while FIGS. 9 and 10 with crater-shaped depressions 28 and FIG. 13 with wart-shaped ones Elevations 29 are provided.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show a further step in realizing the inventive concept by providing the preparation element 6.1 with a cavity 30 which on the one hand has a connection opening 31 and a perforated plate 32.

The dimensions of the teeth of the all-steel set 17, the fish scales 24, the grooves 25, the shafts 26, the cord 27, the depressions 28 and elevations 29, respectively. the hole diameter and the number of holes 33 of the perforated plate 32 are to be determined by experiments and are not further explained here. As a guideline, a hole diameter between 0.3 and 1.5 mm applies.

FIG. 14 shows a variant of the device from FIG. 3, in that a knife 34 on the carding element 10 moves or moves in the directions of movement 35. is arranged lockable.

The moving resp. the knife 34 is fixed with the aid of an adjusting screw 37 which can be rotated in a support 36 but is fixed against axial displacement and which is connected to the knife 34 by means of its thread.

The support 36 is firmly connected to the carding element 10 by means of screws 38.

The suction 7.1, respectively. the channel 20.1, has the same function as the suction 7, respectively. the channel 20. The latter, however, is sealed off from the atmosphere in the area of the knife 34 by means of a lip seal 75 which bears against the knife 34 and is glued to the channel 20, 20.1.

Regarding the independent movability of the knife 34, relative to the movability of the carding element 10 and relative to the movability of the preparation element 6, what has already been said for the suction 7 applies, namely that the movements are small and are not impaired by the seals 21 and 75.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show an application of the preparation element 6.1 from FIGS. 11 and 12 with a plurality of connection openings 31, all of which are connected to an air manifold 39 via connection stubs 40.

The air manifold in turn is connected to either a positive pressure air source 41 or a negative pressure air source 42.

Furthermore, a rotatable end flap 43 is provided in the air manifold 39, which is connected to the drive shaft of a drive motor 44.

The function of this rotatable end flap 43 is to provide a pulsating bottom in the air manifold. or to generate overpressure air flow. It is therefore only used when this pulsating air is used.

If necessary, the end flap 43 can remain in the open position when the pulsating air is not being used.

The function of the pulsating air, be it in negative pressure or positive pressure mode, consists in the aforementioned vibration of the fleece lying on the drum set 15 before the knife edge 18, or. the knife edge of knife 9 or 34 reached.

Which of the two processes, be it the negative pressure or positive pressure process, is used in operation depends on the technological requirements for the card and can be decided on a case-by-case basis.

The term air manifold is in itself not very suitable for overpressure operation, since in such a case it is more of an air distribution line. For the sake of simplicity, the same term is used for both types of procedure.

FIG. 17 corresponds essentially to FIG. 1 of the as yet unpublished German patent application DE-38 11 679.0 and is mentioned again here in order to show the anchoring of the elements 6, 8, 10 and 12 with regard to mobility in the radial directions of movement 13.

FIG. 18 does not correspond to the aforementioned German patent application, but is an additional variant for this application in order to make the elements 8 and 10 displaceable even in the circumferentially directed movements 14.

FIG. 17 now shows some details of the card 1 to explain the adjustable fastening of the elements 6, 10 and 12.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 17, a card 1 consists of a reel 2, which is mounted so as to be drivable about an axis of rotation 45, a housing 46 which covers the front ends of the reel, only the left housing part on the left end face of the reel in Figure 17 can be seen. On elements movable in the radial direction of the drum, the card comprises, as already mentioned, the preparation element 6, the knife 8 or the carding element 10 and the carding elements 12. All of these elements can, for example, be adjustably fastened in the manner shown with the aid of FIG. However, it goes without saying that the invention is not restricted to this type of fastening.

The revolving cover 3, beater 4 and the doffer roller 5 additionally shown in FIG. 1 are not important for the present invention and are therefore not described further.

The drum 2 carries an all-steel set 47 in the usual manner.

The elements 6, 8, 10 and 12 are of identical design at their ends, which is why they can all be fastened in the manner shown in FIG. 17. This type of attachment is described in more detail below:

As shown in FIG. 17, the housing 46 has a fixedly arranged flange 48, which is a component of the housing and extends in a ring around the axis of rotation 45 of the drum. A fastening block 49 is fastened to the flange 48 by means of screws 50 extending in the radial direction. Each element 6, 8, 10 or 12 is pressed at its two ends by means of a spring clip 51 against the fastening block 49.

The two ends of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12 are supported by the fastening block 49 and an adjustment block 52, the upper part of which is guided in a guide extending in the radial direction in the end of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12. Above the adjusting block 52 there is an adjusting screw 53 with a thread 54 which cooperates with a corresponding thread 55 in the end of the cover. The end 56 of the adjusting screw 53 opposite the actuating head engages on the radially outer surface 57 of the adjusting block 52 and in this way supports the end of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12, the desired radial distance from the being turned by turning the screw 53 Spiked set of the drum can be adjusted.

A clamping screw 58 extends at right angles to the adjusting screw 53, that is to say parallel to the axis of rotation of the spool, and engages with its thread 59 in a corresponding internal thread 60 in the adjusting block 52. A washer 61 is located below the actuating block 62 of the clamping screw 58, so that when the clamping screw 58 is tightened, the adjusting block 52 is pulled and clamped against the outer wall part 63 of the end of one of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12. This fixes the set distance of the sets 17.23 or their alternatives 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 or 32.

The spring clip 51 has a first leg 64 bent from a spring strip and a second leg 65, the leg 65 forming an angle of 80 ° with the first leg. The first leg 64 has an angled part 66 with which the spring clip is fastened to the fastening block 49 by means of a screw 67. The angled part 66 of the spring clip also has a slot 68 (FIG. 18), which is provided for receiving guide pins 69 in order to fix the position of the spring clip on the fastening block 49 against rotation in the circumferential direction of the spool.

On the other hand, when the screw 67 is loosened, this slot allows the spring clip 51 and thus the corresponding end of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12 to be displaced in the directions of movement 14 (FIGS. 2, 3 and 18) in order to change the opening gap of the separating gap 19 .

The second leg 65 also has at its end opposite the first leg an angled part 70 which is fork-shaped. The two prongs 71 and 72 (only one shown in FIG. 17) of the fork-shaped part 70, in the installed state shown in FIG. 17, extend along both sides of a stiffening rib 73 of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12, the edge 74 of the fork-shaped opening presses against the upper side of the stiffening rib 73.

FIG. 20 shows the fastening system from FIG. 17, but for fastening the U-shaped channel 20. For this purpose, a connecting piece 76 is fixedly arranged on an end wall 77 of the channel 20, the cross section of which corresponds to the cross section of the stiffening rib 79.

With regard to the system of FIGS. 17 and 20, reference is also made to DE-38 11 679.0. It should also be mentioned that the system is used in mirror image at both ends of the elements 6, 8, 10, 12 or the channel 20.

However, it should be mentioned again that the application of the inventive concept is not restricted to the adjustment and fastening type of the elements 6, 8, 10 or 12 shown with FIGS. 17 and 20. Other types of attachment or adjustment, which a movement of the elements in the directions 13 or. 14 allow are to be regarded as equivalent.

In addition, FIG. 20 shows that elements 6 of FIGS. 2 to 10 and 13 are analogous to 6.1 as element 6.2 with a hollow body, with the system according to FIGS. 15 and 16 can be used. For this purpose, 17 spaces (not shown) or in the grooves 25 or in the valleys of the shafts 26 or in the craters 28, respectively. in addition to the warts 29, or in the valleys of the carded area 27, holes for the passage of air are provided. The number and diameter of the holes would have to be determined by experiments.

Finally, it should also be mentioned that the invention is not restricted to use in a card, but can also be used on all rolls which carry a fleece and from which dirt has to be removed.

Claims (23)

1. Device for removing dirt from a non-woven fabric located on a rotating toothed roller (2),
by means of a stationary separating knife (8, 9, 34), which is opposite to the rotary movement (D) of the toothed roller (2) but is adjustable in the radial direction of the toothed roller (2)
one in the direction of rotation (D) of the toothed roller (2), upstream of the separating knife and also stationary, in the radial direction of the toothed roller (2) also adjustable preparation element (6,6.1,6.2),
A separation gap (19) remains free between the preparation element (6, 6, 1, 6, 2) and the separating knife (8, 9, 34),
characterized in that
the preparation element (6.6.1,6.2) has a structured surface (17,24,25,26,27,28,29,32) opposite the circumference of the toothed roller. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that
the separation gap (19) is covered by a suction channel (7.7.1). 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation element is a carding rod (6,6.1,6.2). 4. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that
the structured surface of the carding rod is formed by an all-steel set (17) with teeth that are directed in the direction of movement (D) of the tooth roller circumference. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that
the all-steel set has a chest angle α (according to DIN 64 123, sheet 1) from 0 ° to 75 °. 6. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that
the structured surface is a fish scale surface (24), the fish scale of which is directed in the direction of movement (D) of the tooth roller circumference. 7. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that
the structured surface is a groove surface (25), the grooves of which are directed transversely to the direction of movement (D) of the toothed roller periphery and extend over the entire length of the carding rod (6, 6, 1, 6, 2). 8. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that
the structured surface is a cord surface (27). 9. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that
the structured surface is a corrugated surface (26), the corrugations of which are directed transversely to the direction of movement (D) of the toothed roller circumference and extend over the entire length of the carding rod (6, 6, 1, 6, 2). 10. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that
the structured surface is provided with lined-up depressions (28) covering the entire surface. 11. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that
the structured surface is a surface covered with wart-like elevations (29). 12. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that
the structured surface is formed by a perforated plate (32). 13. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that
the carding rod (6.1,6.2) has a cavity (30). 14. The device A12, characterized in that the perforated plate (32) is formed, which covers the cavity (30) of the carding rod (6.1) on the side opposite the circumference of the toothed roller. 15. The apparatus according to claim 4 to 11, characterized in that
the structured surface (17,24,25,26,27,28 and 29) is provided with a predetermined number of holes (33) which connect the cavity 30 with the surroundings of the structured surface. 16. The apparatus according to claim 12, 14 and 15, characterized in that
the hole diameter is between 0.3 mm and 1.5 mm. 17. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that
the cavity (30) is connected to a vacuum source (42). 18. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that
the cavity (30) is connected to an excess pressure source (41). 19. The apparatus according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that
a pulsator (43) is provided between the pressure source (41, 42) and the cavity (30) and causes the air in the cavity (30) to pulsate. 20. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that
the preparation element (6, 6, 1, 6, 2) is arranged to be adjustable in the radial direction (13) of the toothed roller (2). 21. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that
the discharge knife (8) is arranged to be adjustable in the radial direction (13) of the toothed roller. 22. The apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that
the knife (9, 34) is provided on a carding rod (10) following the knife, seen in the direction of movement (D) of the toothed roller, the carding rod (10) being adjustable in the radial direction (13) of the toothed roller and the knife (9, 34) is arranged on the carding rod (10) so that it can be adjusted (11, 35) in such a way that the knife edge (18) can be moved away from or around the circumference of the toothed roller. 23. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that
the preparation element (6, 6, 1) is adjustable in the circumferential direction (14) of the toothed roller (2) in order to change the opening of the separation gap.

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