EP0382663A1 - System zum Bewegen, Stützen und Stimulieren des menschlichen Körpers in einer sitzenden Position - Google Patents

System zum Bewegen, Stützen und Stimulieren des menschlichen Körpers in einer sitzenden Position Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0382663A1
EP0382663A1 EP90420068A EP90420068A EP0382663A1 EP 0382663 A1 EP0382663 A1 EP 0382663A1 EP 90420068 A EP90420068 A EP 90420068A EP 90420068 A EP90420068 A EP 90420068A EP 0382663 A1 EP0382663 A1 EP 0382663A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seat
backrest
tubes
human body
distributor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90420068A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0382663B1 (de
Inventor
Michel De Saint Rapt
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0382663A1 publication Critical patent/EP0382663A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0382663B1 publication Critical patent/EP0382663B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/36—Support for the head or the back
    • A47C7/40—Support for the head or the back for the back
    • A47C7/46—Support for the head or the back for the back with special, e.g. adjustable, lumbar region support profile; "Ackerblom" profile chairs
    • A47C7/467—Support for the head or the back for the back with special, e.g. adjustable, lumbar region support profile; "Ackerblom" profile chairs adjustable by fluid means

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a system which complements a seat, provided with deformable elements, used to mobilize, stabilize and make the whole of a human body react in the sitting or lying-down station.
  • the invention will be described more particularly for the sitting station and by choosing the simplest solution of inflatable deformable elements.
  • Comfort seems to be achievable only by respecting two apparently contradictory imperatives: mobility and stability of the human body.
  • spine the walker does not suffer from standing and the rider supports well his sitting position which is dynamic and maintains a good stiffening of the "spinal mast".
  • An objective of the invention is to artificially cause and without the person concerned having to worry about it a certain alternating movement of the human body, so as to modify the stresses, especially in the load-bearing joints (spine, hips), stabilize the body and trigger a postural adjustment by reflex activity of toned muscles. At the same time, this movement causes a change in the body's support points, which relieves human tissue in pressure against the support and avoids the anesthesia caused by the long press.
  • a system to be fitted to a seat comprising a seat with an upper face intended to receive the human body and a backrest with an anterior face intended to receive the human body, deformable elements being arranged in this file and connected by means of connection to an energy source, while automatic control means establish a sequence of passage of these elements from a state of retraction to a state of expansion, characterized in that elements similar deformables are also installed in the seat and in that the arrangement of all of these deformable elements and said sequence are such that the backrest periodically exhibits a posterior and anterior plumb and that, in the seat, forms periodically obliquely from top to bottom and from back to front.
  • the deformable elements are inflatable elements and the energy source is a source of pressurized fluid.
  • An object of the invention is that the front face of the backrest is provided with inflatable elements with articular action in the form of several parallel tubes arranged transversely to the length of the backrest considered according to the length of the human body to be supported, spaced apart. others along the anterior side of the backrest and presenting, in the inflated state, sections such that the section of the tube furthest from the seat is the largest.
  • Another object of the invention consists in that the upper face of the seat is provided with inflatable elements with articular action in the form of several parallel tubes arranged transversely to the length of the seat considered according to the length of the human body to support, spaced from each other along the upper face of the seat and having, in the inflated state, a different increasing section from the strand furthest from the backrest to the strand closest to it.
  • the rolls of the file on the one hand and of the seat on the other hand are preferably three in number.
  • the back tubes are advantageously arranged between an internal cover surrounding the back and an external cover covering the whole of this internal cover and back rolls, but left free at the bottom of said front face of the back.
  • the seat tubes are advantageously arranged between an internal cover surrounding the seat and an external cover surrounding all of this internal cover and the seat tubes.
  • said fluid connection means comprise a distributor connected by a supply line to said source of pressurized fluid and connection lines arranged between the distributor and, on the one hand, the flanges of the backrest , on the other hand, the seat tubes, the distributor and these connecting pipes being provided so that, during inflation phases of the inflatable elements with articular action, the tubes of the backrest are the first to be supplied with pressurized fluid and the tubes of the seat are only then followed, when the pressure of the fluid under pressure admitted into the distributor reaches a predetermined value, while a non-return valve duct disposed between the tubes of the seat and the tubes of the backrest allows, during the phases of deflating inflatable elements with articular action, the total deflation of the tubes of the seat by passage, in at least one of the tubes of the file, of the pressurized fluid leaving the seat tubes.
  • An object of the invention also consists in that said distributor comprises: a cylinder at a longitudinal end from which open said supply pipe and a connection pipe between this distributor and the strands of the backrest as well as a discharge pipe provided an electromagnetic valve; a movable bell sliding in this cylinder, urged by a compression spring in the direction of said end towards a rest position; and the mouth in the cylinder of a connecting pipe between this distributor and the socks of the seat, in a location such that this mouth is closed by said bell as long as the latter is in the rest position and it is in communication with said supply line when a sufficient pressure of the pressurized fluid arriving via this supply line displaces the bell against the compression spring, while members for controlling the source of pressurized fluid and control members of the electromagnetic valve are placed under the control of a programmer.
  • FIG. 1 shows in this respect the drawback of a seat that is too low while FIG. 2 highlights the advantage of the Japanese position and FIG. 3 that of the rider's position in the saddle - and the interest, in this case, of an obliquity from top to bottom and from back to front.
  • a vehicle seat It is therefore necessary for a vehicle seat to be adjustable in height to be adaptable to people of different sizes, but, in addition, it would be very interesting if the seat height varies over the time of use to allow a variation of the thigh-pelvis angles (coxo-femoral mobilization) and thigh-leg (knee mobilization).
  • the flanges of the seat are inflated, preferably an obliquity from top to bottom and from back to front.
  • the plumbs can be studied using figs. 4 and 5 which correspond respectively to a relaxed body and to a body making an effort of stretching. Without muscular activity (fig. 4), the vertebral discs undergo significant stresses as well in anterior balance (left of the figure) as in posterior balance (right of the figure). On the contrary, if there is active straightening of the spine (fig. 5), in anterior balance (left of the figure) the discs are relieved while the posterior articular elements are in support and, in posterior balance (right of the figure ), the opposite occurs.
  • the anterior balance is really the antidote to collapse in a seated station if the spine is not flexed; it is the stable position of the trunk unlike the posterior plumb.
  • support in the dorso-lumbar area and support in the cervico-dorsal area are important to maintain alignment of the spine and reshape natural curvatures. It is desirable, moreover, that these supports act from the bottom up to respect the order of construction of the spinal parts on the pelvis and obtain an articular modeling.
  • Stability is to be considered in the anteroposterior and horizontal plane and in the frontal plane.
  • it is important to contain the sliding of the ischium forward, sliding which is particularly pronounced in motor vehicles because of the constant search for the pedals.
  • sliding which is particularly pronounced in motor vehicles because of the constant search for the pedals.
  • frontal plane in cars, there are lateral micro-displacements which are also to be limited.
  • the section in fig. 6 shows the backrest 1 and the seat 2 of a seat.
  • On the front face 3 of the backrest 1 were fixed transversely three strands 4,5,6.
  • On the upper face 7 of the seat 2 were fixed transversely three flanges 8,9,10.
  • One of these tubes is shown in fig. 8; it is provided with at least one connecting tube 11.
  • Each of the tubes is introduced into an envelope such as the envelope 12 visible in FIG. 9; this envelope is provided with openings 13 for the connections to the pipes 11 and with a self-gripping strip 14 for fixing on an internal fabric cover such as the cover 15 which surrounds the backrest 1 or the cover 16 which surrounds the seat 2.
  • These covers are themselves provided with several longitudinal self-gripping strips 17 and 18 respectively visible in FIG.
  • an external cover 19 surrounds the assembly of the internal cover 15 and the rolls 4,5,6 of the backrest and an external cover 20 surrounds the assembly of the internal cover 16 and the rolls 8,9,10 of the seated.
  • These external covers have the appearance of the covers usually used for automobile seats and allow the extension of the tubes, but provision has been made for the external cover 19 to be left free at 21 at the bottom of the front face 3 of the backrest, to a reason which will be given later.
  • the three sections 4,5,6 of the backrest have determined diameters.
  • the largest 6 is placed at the base of the occiput, a means 5 at the cervico-dorsal hinge (between the shoulders) and another means 4 towards the dorso-lumbar area.
  • the three tubes 8, 9, 10 of the seat have different diameters which grow from the front tube 8 to the rear tube 10.
  • Fig. 10 gives the diagram of the hydraulic circuit. This comprises: a source of compressed air 22 which may in particular be a compressor, a membrane pump or a connection with pneumatic circuits existing elsewhere; a distributor 23 provided with a compressed air inlet nozzle 24, an air outlet nozzle 25 provided with an electromagnetic valve 26, a nozzle 27 for connection with the flanges of the backrest, a nozzle 28 for connection with the flanges of the seat and a safety nozzle 29.
  • a source of compressed air 22 which may in particular be a compressor, a membrane pump or a connection with pneumatic circuits existing elsewhere
  • a distributor 23 provided with a compressed air inlet nozzle 24, an air outlet nozzle 25 provided with an electromagnetic valve 26, a nozzle 27 for connection with the flanges of the backrest, a nozzle 28 for connection with the flanges of the seat and a safety nozzle 29.
  • a supply line 30 connects the source of compressed air 22 to the inlet nozzle 24.
  • An evacuation line 31 is connected to the valve 26.
  • a line 32 for connection with the flanges of the backrest connects the nozzle 27 to the tube 4 and a pipe 33 for connection with the tubes of the seat connects the nozzle 28 to the tube 10.
  • the tube 4 is connected to the tube 5 by a line 34 and the tube 5 is connected to the tube 6 by a line 35.
  • the sausage 10 is connected to sausage 9 by a pipe 36 and the sausage 9 is connected to sausage 8 by a pipe 37.
  • a pipe 38 provided with a non-return valve allows the passage of compressed air exclusively from the sausage 10 to the tube 4.
  • This assembly is controlled by sending an electric current either to a member (40) for commissioning the source 22, for example starting a compressor, a membrane pump or opening an air inlet valve. compressed, or on a coil 41 of the electromagnetic valve.
  • a member (40) for commissioning the source 22 for example starting a compressor, a membrane pump or opening an air inlet valve. compressed, or on a coil 41 of the electromagnetic valve.
  • These commands are normally placed under the dependence of a programmer 42, as indicated by the electrical connections 43 and 44.
  • This programmer 42 is put into service by a switch 45 and an electrical connection 46 connected to a pad 47 of this switch.
  • This manual control is used in particular during the initial adjustments of the position of the flanges, plumbs, obliquities, etc. and it allows it to be temporarily maintained in use. normal in a position deemed particularly comfortable.
  • Figs. 11 and 12 allow a better view of the embodiment of the distributor 23.
  • This comprises, in addition to the members already mentioned, a bell 53 which can slide in a cylinder 54 carrying the nozzles 24, 25, 27, 28 and 29.
  • This bell 53 is biased, by a spring 55, adjustable by an adjustment screw 56, towards the bottom of the figures to come to bear against a flange 57 formed in the cylinder 54.
  • the inlet nozzle 24 is in fluid connection with the nozzle 27 for connection with the tubes of the backrest, but not with the nozzle 28 for connection with the tubes for the seat. If the pressure of compressed air under the bell 53 becomes high enough, the bell rises and releases the nozzle 28 for connection with the flanges of the seat; this nozzle 28 is then also in fluid connection with the nozzle 24.
  • a first phase the programmer closes the electromagnetic valve 26 and activates the source of compressed air 22.
  • the compressed air is distributed in the tubes 4, 5, 6 of the backrest which gradually swell from the dorso-lumbar tube 4 to cervico-dorsal sausage 6.
  • This results as can be seen in fig. 13: a passage of the trunk from the posterior plumb to the anterior plumb; an ascending modeling of the dorso-lumbar curvature and the cervico-occipital curvature; mobilization of the hip joint towards flexion, from the shoulder to the retropulsion and from the elbow to the flexion; and a slight tilt from head to back, the subject tending to maintain its horizon line at first.
  • the bell 53 rises under pressure increased air and frees the nozzle 28 which distributes the compressed air in the tubes 10, 9, 8 of the seat.
  • FIG. 14 there is an oblique upward movement during which the external cover 19 of the backrest can slide on the flanges 4, 5 and 6 because its lower end 21 is free, which avoids rubbing clothes; at the same time, the modeling effect of the tubes 4, 5 and 6 of the backrest continues and even increases, these tubes receiving additional pressure; this effect also changes location and is exerted in the lumbar and cervico-dorsal regions.
  • the coxo-femoral joint is first modified towards extension, again opening the lumbo-femoral angle and the knee is mobilized in extension. The horizon line changes and the head is mobilized towards flexion.
  • the programmer 42 stops the supply of compressed air by the source 22 and at the same time opens the electromagnetic valve 26.
  • the pressure in the distributor 23 will decrease and the close will decrease.
  • the tubes 8, 9, 10 of the seat will deflate first because they are the most compressed by the weight of the trunk, the air which they contain can still be evacuated when the nozzle 28 is no longer in communication with the bottom of cylinder 54, via line 38, flange 4 and line 32.
  • the seated person will, during this phase, arrive at the position shown in FIG. 15.
  • a fourth phase the tubes 4, 5, 6 of the backrest deflate in turn from top to bottom and the subject returns to posterior balance as shown in fig. 16.
  • This will lead to restoring the vertebral discs and decompressing the posterior articular elements and tilting the pelvis backwards, which tends to remove lordosis from the lumbar area.
  • the coxo-femoral region is mobilized in extension, the head rocks forward and removes lordosis from the cervical area and the shoulder and elbow are mobilized in extension.
  • the chest that was expanding in the previous three phases relaxes (lowering of the ribs).
  • FIG. 17 shows the position of the human body during the second phase in the case of an armchair and a seated station while FIG. 18 represents the position of the human body during the second phase in the case of an armchair and a reclining station in which the invention allows a certain articular mobilization.
  • the programmer 42 makes it possible to modify the duration of the modeling activity phases and their frequency and, thereby, the duration and the frequency of the rest phases.
  • the compression speed can be adjusted to adjust the speed of the modeling action.
  • the screw 56 of the distributor 23 makes it possible to adjust the pressure in the tubes. We therefore have the possibility of acting on a plurality of factors in order to adapt well sits on the peculiarities of his job.
  • the ergonomic seats with fixed geometry to which the molded seats are attached to the back shapes have very good stability and their geometry has a certain ischion retention effect.
  • the seats with fixed seat and movable back allow the trunk to oscillate between a posterior plumb and an anterior plumb, but only if the user moves voluntarily.
  • the seats with fixed backrest and movable seat allow the seat to oscillate between two reverse obliquities, but only if the user moves voluntarily.
  • the seats with backrest and seat forming a single piece block, pivoting around a fixed axis and seats with seat pivoting around a fixed axis and seats pivoting around an axis carried by the seat allow the trunk to oscillate between a posterior plumb and an anterior plumb, but only if the user moves voluntarily.
  • the seats with backrest and seat swiveling independently of each other and held by springs offer good active support and allow the trunk to oscillate between two plumbs, but only if the user moves voluntarily.
  • Variable ischio-lumbar seats in which the backrest is mounted on a fixed pivot and the seat is supported by a structure mounted on a fixed pivot located near the floor while a strap passing over a roller and connecting the seat the backrest rotates the backrest according to the movement of the movable seat, has good stability and provides active lumbar support, measured in poor conditions (posterior plumb) so that this support does not prevent the pelvis from sliding towards the front; they allow oscillation of the trunk between a posterior plumb and an anterior plumb only if the user moves voluntarily.
  • the system described here allows the human body to periodically resume its most stable form.
  • the system according to the invention is easy to install and remove on any type of seat. It can be switched from a car seat to a lounge seat. It is possible, by economy or ease of installation, to use only the tubes 4 and 5 for the backrest (possibly combined in a single envelope) and the tube 10 for the seat without fundamentally affecting the efficiency of the system. It is simple and reliable and can strengthen other systems tending to improve the qualities ergonomic seat. It can, of course, also be integrated into the structures of the seat, in the construction thereof.
  • the distributor can, of course, be replaced by electromagnetic valves driven by electrical pulses.

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  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
EP90420068A 1989-02-09 1990-02-08 System zum Bewegen, Stützen und Stimulieren des menschlichen Körpers in einer sitzenden Position Expired - Lifetime EP0382663B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8901922 1989-02-09
FR8901922A FR2642628B1 (fr) 1989-02-09 1989-02-09 Support muni d'elements deformables pour la stabilite et la mobilite du corps humain

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0382663A1 true EP0382663A1 (de) 1990-08-16
EP0382663B1 EP0382663B1 (de) 1994-05-18

Family

ID=9378785

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90420068A Expired - Lifetime EP0382663B1 (de) 1989-02-09 1990-02-08 System zum Bewegen, Stützen und Stimulieren des menschlichen Körpers in einer sitzenden Position

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0382663B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE105683T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69008888T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2642628B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999042069A1 (en) * 1998-02-18 1999-08-26 Peter Alan Smith Chair incorporating air cushions
US8616654B2 (en) * 2007-11-08 2013-12-31 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for adjusting a seat

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19532302A1 (de) * 1995-09-01 1997-03-06 Systec Ausbausysteme Gmbh Aufblasbares Lordosepolster für die Rückenlehne eines Dauergebrauchssitzes
DE19919365C2 (de) * 1999-02-11 2002-11-14 Alois Schnitzler Stützkissen für eine Sitz- oder Liegevorrichtung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2239220A1 (de) * 1973-08-01 1975-02-28 Beck Armin
US4634179A (en) * 1982-07-31 1987-01-06 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Air lumbar support device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2239220A1 (de) * 1973-08-01 1975-02-28 Beck Armin
US4634179A (en) * 1982-07-31 1987-01-06 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Air lumbar support device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999042069A1 (en) * 1998-02-18 1999-08-26 Peter Alan Smith Chair incorporating air cushions
US8616654B2 (en) * 2007-11-08 2013-12-31 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for adjusting a seat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0382663B1 (de) 1994-05-18
FR2642628B1 (fr) 1994-05-13
DE69008888D1 (de) 1994-06-23
FR2642628A1 (fr) 1990-08-10
ATE105683T1 (de) 1994-06-15
DE69008888T2 (de) 1994-12-15

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