EP0380693B1 - Kolbenartiger elektromagnet - Google Patents

Kolbenartiger elektromagnet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0380693B1
EP0380693B1 EP89908518A EP89908518A EP0380693B1 EP 0380693 B1 EP0380693 B1 EP 0380693B1 EP 89908518 A EP89908518 A EP 89908518A EP 89908518 A EP89908518 A EP 89908518A EP 0380693 B1 EP0380693 B1 EP 0380693B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plunger
permanent magnet
stationary element
electromagnet
yoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89908518A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0380693A4 (en
EP0380693A1 (de
Inventor
Tokio Uetsuhara
Yuichi Ando
Kenji Iio
Kenichiro Kinoshita
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Mining and Cement Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Mining and Cement Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP19758188A external-priority patent/JPH0246707A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11272888U external-priority patent/JPH0235408U/ja
Priority claimed from JP22635188A external-priority patent/JPH0276206A/ja
Priority claimed from JP28681688A external-priority patent/JPH02133906A/ja
Priority claimed from JP63319631A external-priority patent/JPH02165606A/ja
Priority claimed from JP114989A external-priority patent/JPH02181904A/ja
Priority claimed from JP443489U external-priority patent/JPH0296706U/ja
Application filed by Mitsubishi Mining and Cement Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Mining and Cement Co Ltd
Publication of EP0380693A1 publication Critical patent/EP0380693A1/de
Publication of EP0380693A4 publication Critical patent/EP0380693A4/en
Publication of EP0380693B1 publication Critical patent/EP0380693B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/13—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a plunger type electromagnet for use in solenoid valve and the like for controlling the flow of fluid such as air, water, fuel and the like.
  • the plunger type electromagnet is designed
  • GB-A-2 099 223 describes some self-sustaining solenoids one of which having an annular magnet being magnetized in the direction of the thickness of the annulus, which solenoid moves a plunger-like armature by the application of an operating current and retains the armature in its moved position even if the operating current is cut off.
  • a disc-shaped flange is mounted on a portion of the armature which projects out of the magnetic yoke.
  • the present invention is contemplated to solve the foregoing problems encountered during use of the plunger type electromagnet and has for its object to provide a plunger type electromagnet which is high in sensitivity, small in power consumption, compact in size, and light in weight, and which is feasible to meet the needs required by the user.
  • this invention is comprised of the following solutions in combination and has for its object to reduce the capacity of electric source required for the electromagnet, to render the electromagnet compact, and to reduce the production cost.
  • the present invention is made based on the well known findings and it provides dominant advantageous effects and contributes in many respects to a wide variety of civil and industrial fields.
  • the electromagnet includes a stationary element 12 fixed to a yoke 10, a plunger 14 adapted to abut against the stationary element 12, a spring 16 for spacing the stationary element 12 and the plunger 14 away from each other by a predetermined distance, a coil 18 for magnetizing, upon energization, a magnetic circuit comprised of the stationary element 12, the plunger 14 and the yoke 10 and for attracting the plunger 14 against the bias of the spring 16 to cause it to adhere to the stationary element 12, and a bobbin for winding the coil.
  • Fig. 1 wherein the conventional device without a permanent magnet is shown
  • the electromagnet includes a stationary element 12 fixed to a yoke 10, a plunger 14 adapted to abut against the stationary element 12, a spring 16 for spacing the stationary element 12 and the plunger 14 away from each other by a predetermined distance, a coil 18 for magnetizing, upon energization, a magnetic circuit comprised of the stationary element 12, the plunger 14 and the yoke 10 and
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the rest position in which the coil 18 is de-energized and wherein the plunger 14 is spaced away from the stationary element 12 by the bias of the spring 16.
  • the plunger 14 Upon energization of the coil 18, the plunger 14 will be attracted toward the stationary element 12 against the bias of the spring 16, to operate a contact or a valve (not shown) and the like connected to the plunger 14.
  • the plunger Upon de-energization of the coil 18, the plunger will be returned to the position shown in Fig. 1.
  • Figs. 2 and 4 illustrate examples of the conventional devices wherein a permanent magnet is provided.
  • a permanent magnet 24 or an annular permanent magnet 26 is employed in combination.
  • Fig. 2 there is shown the rest position in which the coil 18 is de-energized and wherein the plunger 14 is spaced away from the stationary element 12 by the bias of the spring 16.
  • the plunger 14 Upon supplying electric current to the coil 18 in such a direction that magnetomotive force having the polarity identical to that of the magnetomotive force by the permanent magnet 24 is induced by the coil, the plunger 14 will be attracted under the combined action of both magnetomotive forces toward the stationary element 12 against the bias of the spring 16 to operate a contact or a valve (not shown) and the like connected to the plunger 14. This condition is maintained only under the action of the permanent magnet 24 even when the coil 18 is de-energized.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates an example of the conventional abutment faces of the stationary element 12 and the plunger 14.
  • the part above the center line indicates the plunger 14 as spaced away from the stationary element 12, while the part below the center line designates the plunger 14 as attracted to the stationary element.
  • the solid line denotes the line of magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet, while the broken line indicates the line of magnetic force developed by energization of the coil.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the mode of connection between the attractive plate 22 and the plunger 14.
  • the attractive plate 22 is affixed by a screw to the plunger 14 by way of an O-ring 21 for limited swinging movement with respect thereto.
  • the plunger is brought into tight contact with the stationary element and the yoke when the coil is energized, whereby the reluctance of the magnetic circuit is reduced.
  • This arrangement also permits to lower the machining accuracy of the plunger with respect to the stationary element and the yoke, so that the production cost of electromagnet may be reduced.
  • Fig. 6 shows an improved configuration of the abutment faces of the plunger 14 and the stationary element 12 so as to enhance the sensitivity.
  • U is the magnetizing ampere-turn
  • x is the length of the gap as measured in the direction of movement of the plunger
  • F is the attractive force
  • the differential coefficient may be increased so as to in turn increase the attractive force. It will be appreciated that, in contrast to the conventional configuration shown in Fig. 3, a greater attractive force may be developed by the configuration shown in Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an embodiment of the invention wherein an annular permanent magnet 50 and an attractive plate 22 are provided.
  • the magnetic pole piece 52 at the end face of the yoke 10 is inserted within the yoke.
  • the length of the plunger 14 is such that the face of the attractive plate 22 is brought into registration with the end face position of the yoke when the plunger 14 is not attracted to the stationary element 12.
  • the annular permanent magnet 50 is arranged between the attractive plate 22 and the magnetic pole piece 52.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a second embodiment of the electromagnet provided with the annular permanent magnet 50 and the attractive plate 22.
  • the annular permanent magnet 50 is positioned between the magnetic pole piece 52 and the coil 18, while the annular magnetic pole piece 48 is arranged between the annular permanent magnet 50 and the coil 18.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates another embodiment wherein the annular permanent magnet 50 is provided at the outer side of the attractive plate 22.
  • the annular permanent magnet 50 and an annular magnetic pole piece 54 are mounted to the surface of the attractive plate 22.
  • the length of the plunger 14 is such that the face of the annular magnetic pole piece 54 is brought into registration with the end face of the yoke 10 when the plunger 14 is not attracted to the stationary element 12.
  • Fig. 10 shows a working example of improved abutment faces of the stationary element 12 and of the plunger 14.
  • Fig. 10(a) is a view thereof partly in cross-section
  • Fig. 10(b) is a plan view
  • Fig. 10(c) is a cross-sectional view of the plunger 14
  • Fig. 10(d) is a cross-sectional view of the stationary element 12.
  • the unit of dimension is expressed in mm. In this example, the distance of travel of the plunger 14 is 2.5 mm.
  • Fig. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the input to the electromagnet and the attractive force, with respect to the working example of Fig. 10 and with respect to the conventional electromagnet having the same dimension but provided with neither an attractive plate nor an improved abutment face. It will be appreciated from the graph of Fig. 11 that according to the invention it is possible to obtain a greater attractive force with less input power as compared with the conventional device.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Kolbenartiger Elektromagnet, der aufweist:
    - ein Joch (10);
    - ein Stationärelement (12), das an dem Joch (10) befestigt ist;
    - einen Kolben (14) mit einer Endfläche, die angepaßt ist, um sich an das Stationärelement (12) anzulegen und sich von diesem zu lösen;
    - eine Feder (16) zum Vorspannen des Kolbens (14);
    - eine Spule (18) zum Anziehen des Kolbens (14), um ihn zu veranlassen, sich an das Stationärelement (12) nach Magnetisierung durch Anregung der Spule (18) anzulegen;
    - einen Permanentmagnet (50) zum Halten des Kolbens (14) an einer angeregten Position, selbst wenn die Spule (18) nicht mehr angeregt ist, wobei der Permanentmagnet (50) in einer ringförmigen Form gebildet ist, koaxial mit dem Kolben (14) angeordnet ist, um den Kolben (14) zu umgeben, und in der Richtung der Dicke des Ringes magnetisiert ist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    - eine Anzugsplatte (22), die an einem Ende des Kolbens (14) gegenüber dem Ende, an dem das Stationärelement (12) anliegt, bereitgestellt ist, die die Innenfläche des Jochs (10) einbeschreibt, und
    - ein magnetisches Polstück (52, 54), das an einer Polseite des Permanentmagneten (50) positioniert ist, dessen andere Seite der Anzugsplatte (22) gegenüberliegt, innerhalb des Jochs eingefügt ist.
  2. Kolbenartiger Elektromagnet nach Anspruch 1, wobei das magnetische Polstück (52) ringförmig ist und derart angeordnet ist, daß sich der Kolben (14) durch dieses erstreckt.
  3. Kolbenartiger Elektromagnet nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2. wobei die Länge des Kolbens (14) derart ist, daß die Fläche der Anzugsplatte (22) in eine registerhaltige Position mit der Endfläche des Jochs (10) gebracht wird, wenn der Kolben (14) nicht zum Stationärelement (12) hin angezogen wird.
  4. Kolbenartiger Elektromagnet nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Permanentmagnet (50) an der Seite der Anzugsplatte (22) gegenüber dem Kolben (14) montiert ist und das magnetische Polstück (54) an der anderen Seite des Permanentmagneten (50) montiert ist.
  5. Kolbenartiger Elektromagnet nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Länge des Kolbens (14) derart ist, daß die äußere Fläche des magnetischen Polstücks (54) in eine registerhaltige Position mit der Endfläche des Jochs (10) gebracht wird, wenn der Kolben (14) nicht zu dem Stationärelement (12) hin angezogen wird.
EP89908518A 1988-08-08 1989-07-25 Kolbenartiger elektromagnet Expired - Lifetime EP0380693B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19758188A JPH0246707A (ja) 1988-08-08 1988-08-08 電磁石
JP197581/88 1988-08-08
JP112728/88U 1988-08-30
JP11272888U JPH0235408U (de) 1988-08-30 1988-08-30
JP226351/88 1988-09-12
JP22635188A JPH0276206A (ja) 1988-09-12 1988-09-12 プランジャー型電磁石鉄心
JP286816/88 1988-11-15
JP28681688A JPH02133906A (ja) 1988-11-15 1988-11-15 プランジャー型電磁石
JP319631/88 1988-12-20
JP63319631A JPH02165606A (ja) 1988-12-20 1988-12-20 プランジャー型電磁石
JP114989A JPH02181904A (ja) 1989-01-09 1989-01-09 電磁石鉄心
JP1149/89 1989-01-09
JP443489U JPH0296706U (de) 1989-01-20 1989-01-20
JP4434/89U 1989-01-20
PCT/JP1989/000742 WO1990001780A1 (fr) 1988-08-08 1989-07-25 Electro-aimant a noyau mobile

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0380693A1 EP0380693A1 (de) 1990-08-08
EP0380693A4 EP0380693A4 (en) 1991-01-16
EP0380693B1 true EP0380693B1 (de) 1994-06-08

Family

ID=27563124

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89908518A Expired - Lifetime EP0380693B1 (de) 1988-08-08 1989-07-25 Kolbenartiger elektromagnet

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0380693B1 (de)
DE (1) DE68915998T2 (de)
WO (1) WO1990001780A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT396716B (de) * 1992-04-07 1993-11-25 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Elektromagnetische betätigungsvorrichtung, insbesonders für ein ventil
EP0643872B1 (de) * 1993-03-31 1997-06-18 SCHROTT, Harald Bistabiler elektromagnet, insbesondere magnetventil
DE4332960A1 (de) * 1993-03-31 1994-10-06 Schrott Harald Bistabiler Elektromagnet, insbesondere Magnetventil
DE59404663D1 (de) 1993-09-16 1998-01-08 Binder Magnete Gleichstrom-Hubmagnet
DE4334031C2 (de) * 1993-10-06 1998-02-12 Kuhnke Gmbh Kg H Verfahren zum Betrieb eines bistabilen Hubmagneten und Hubmagnet zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE19608729C1 (de) * 1996-03-06 1997-07-03 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät
WO1999014769A1 (en) 1997-09-18 1999-03-25 Holec Holland N.V. Electromagnetic actuator
NL1007072C2 (nl) * 1997-09-18 1999-03-22 Holec Holland Nv Elektromagnetische actuator.
FR2792108B1 (fr) 1999-04-12 2001-05-04 Schneider Electric Sa Electroaimant a courant continu
FR2792109B1 (fr) * 1999-04-12 2001-06-01 Schneider Electric Sa Electroaimant a circuit magnetique simplifie
US20010030589A1 (en) * 2000-02-29 2001-10-18 Dahlgren Derek A. Three position solenoid
JP4066040B2 (ja) * 2001-01-18 2008-03-26 株式会社日立製作所 電磁石およびそれを用いた開閉装置の操作機構
CN1234135C (zh) * 2001-01-18 2005-12-28 株式会社日立制作所 电磁铁和使用该电磁铁的开关装置的操作机构
FR2896615A1 (fr) * 2006-01-20 2007-07-27 Areva T & D Sa Actionneur magnetique a aimant permanent a volume reduit
DE102010048808A1 (de) 2010-10-20 2012-04-26 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung
DE102011003169A1 (de) * 2011-01-26 2012-07-26 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Magnetventil
CN104051123B (zh) * 2014-06-09 2016-03-23 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） 电磁铁结构
JP2017108612A (ja) * 2015-11-09 2017-06-15 フスコ オートモーティブ ホールディングス エル・エル・シーＨＵＳＣＯ Ａｕｔｏｍｏｔｉｖｅ Ｈｏｌｄｉｎｇｓ ＬＬＣ 電磁アクチュエータ用のシステムおよび方法
JP2017169433A (ja) 2016-03-17 2017-09-21 フスコ オートモーティブ ホールディングス エル・エル・シーＨＵＳＣＯ Ａｕｔｏｍｏｔｉｖｅ Ｈｏｌｄｉｎｇｓ ＬＬＣ 電磁アクチュエータのためのシステムおよび方法

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US3223802A (en) * 1963-06-14 1965-12-14 Schulz Tool & Mfg Co Solenoid having a two-piece armature
JPS4841207Y1 (de) * 1970-09-29 1973-12-03
JPS4941239U (de) * 1972-07-15 1974-04-11
US4016965A (en) * 1975-08-19 1977-04-12 Ncr Corporation Matrix print head and solenoid driver
JPS5930289Y2 (ja) * 1980-11-13 1984-08-29 焼結金属工業株式会社 電磁弁用ソレノイド
JPS57138113A (en) * 1981-02-20 1982-08-26 Futaba Denjiki Kk Core for solenoid, etc.
JPH0134326Y2 (de) * 1981-04-22 1989-10-19
JPS5872815U (ja) * 1981-11-12 1983-05-17 株式会社広業社通信機器製作所 ソレノイド
JPS5889804A (ja) * 1981-11-24 1983-05-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 自己保持型ソレノイド
JPS5929003U (ja) * 1982-08-16 1984-02-23 星電器製造株式会社 自己保持形プツシユプルソレノイド
JPS59177904A (ja) * 1983-03-28 1984-10-08 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd ソレノイド
DE3318034A1 (de) * 1983-05-18 1984-11-22 Walter Dipl.-Ing. 4030 Ratingen Krome Elektrischer schub- oder zugmagnet
US4470030A (en) * 1983-05-18 1984-09-04 Ledex, Inc. Trip solenoid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0380693A4 (en) 1991-01-16
EP0380693A1 (de) 1990-08-08
DE68915998D1 (de) 1994-07-14
DE68915998T2 (de) 1994-12-15
WO1990001780A1 (fr) 1990-02-22

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