EP0378025A1 - Apparatus and process for cleaning a horizontal surface - Google Patents

Apparatus and process for cleaning a horizontal surface Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0378025A1
EP0378025A1 EP89403656A EP89403656A EP0378025A1 EP 0378025 A1 EP0378025 A1 EP 0378025A1 EP 89403656 A EP89403656 A EP 89403656A EP 89403656 A EP89403656 A EP 89403656A EP 0378025 A1 EP0378025 A1 EP 0378025A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mouth
cleaning
vehicle
arms
brush
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89403656A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Ducreux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gie Protee Groupement D'interet Economique
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Gie Protee Groupement D'interet Economique
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Publication date
Application filed by Gie Protee Groupement D'interet Economique filed Critical Gie Protee Groupement D'interet Economique
Publication of EP0378025A1 publication Critical patent/EP0378025A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/02—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt
    • E01H1/05—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt with driven brushes
    • E01H1/056—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt with driven brushes having horizontal axes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/08—Pneumatically dislodging or taking-up undesirable matter or small objects; Drying by heat only or by streams of gas; Cleaning by projecting abrasive particles
    • E01H1/0827—Dislodging by suction; Mechanical dislodging-cleaning apparatus with independent or dependent exhaust, e.g. dislodging-sweeping machines with independent suction nozzles ; Mechanical loosening devices working under vacuum
    • E01H1/0836—Apparatus dislodging all of the dirt by suction ; Suction nozzles
    • E01H1/0845—Apparatus dislodging all of the dirt by suction ; Suction nozzles with mechanical loosening or feeding instruments for the dirt to be sucked- up, e.g. brushes, scrapers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H8/00—Removing undesirable matter from the permanent way of railways; Removing undesirable matter from tramway rails

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cleaning a substantially horizontal surface but which may, however, present irregularities or accidents, such as for example a space comprising one or two railway or metropolitan tracks in a station. It also relates to a method of using this device.
  • Cleaning vehicles are also known, the closest to which is the patent DE-A-3 042 510.
  • these vehicles are however intended for cleaning roads or other smooth surfaces and use a suction means rolling on the surface or fixed under the vehicle. They cannot be used for cleaning more irregular surfaces from vehicles running on rails and whose lateral position is therefore imposed.
  • the invention makes it possible to meet these requirements thanks to the combination of the means listed in claim 1.
  • the cleaning is carried out by a combination of suction and removal of the waste by rotary brushes located at the mouth of the vacuum cleaner. This is then of large dimensions and must be placed at the end of a deformable but rigid device, which allows it to be guided and moved quickly and easily along the surface to be cleaned.
  • the vehicle is provided with means making it possible to raise and lower the cleaning mouthpiece according to unevennesses of the surface to be cleaned, while keeping the mouthpiece oriented towards the surface to be cleaned.
  • the cleaning mouthpiece is also movable laterally with respect to the vehicle, which makes it possible to clean the total surface by successive passes while the vehicle follows an invariable path, in particular a railroad track.
  • the mouthpiece is pivotally mounted around a vertical axis so that the brushes remain correctly oriented, with transverse axes of rotation.
  • An optional device allows effective cleaning of the surface to be cleaned, even close to its connection with one or two overhanging quays, where the recessed areas as well as the proximity of the walls make it difficult or impossible to approach the suction mouth.
  • This device is defined in its most general form by claim 4.
  • the method according to the invention consists in making the vehicle travel a repeated path on the rails during successive passes, and, between passes, in modifying the position of the mouth so as to clean bands juxtaposed and parallel to the rails during the various passes, the mouth remaining at an invariable orientation.
  • Figures 1 and 2 are first described. We are trying to sweep a horizontal surface 1 such as tracks framed by two platforms 2 and connected to these platforms by vertical walls 3 and overhanging parts 4. For convenience, not all of the small known obstacles are represented: rails, sleepers and ballasts that clutter the surface 1.
  • the cleaning tool firstly comprises a pipe 10 which is generally flexible and which can be, as here, constituted by a flexible tube 11 between two rigid elbows 12 and 13.
  • the first rigid elbow 12 is part of a support 14 which in particular comprises a support ring 15 above which is disposed a hollow plate 16 and which is extended downwards by a connection 17.
  • the connection 17 extends the first rigid elbow 12, crosses the support ring 15, and it is itself extended by a mouthpiece 18 which will henceforth be called “box” because of its shape in a rectangular box and open downwards.
  • the plate 16 is also mobile in rotation on the support ring 15 using a hydraulic motor 19, fixed to the support 14 and terminated by a pinion 20 which meshes in an external toothed surface 21 of the tray 16.
  • the box 18 contains two brushes 22 and 23 rotating around parallel horizontal axes and at the same level 24 and 25.
  • the brushes 22 and 23 are side by side and animated at the place where they are closest, which corresponds to the zone 26 in front of which the connection 17 opens, in an upward tangential movement.
  • the brushes 22 and 23 also protrude from the box 18 from below. They are thus always in contact with the surface 1 even if the box 18 must be lifted a little to avoid rails.
  • the rigid box 18 can be extended downwards by a flexible bottom edge 27.
  • the bottom edge 27 can be formed of continuous elastic bands or rows of brush bristles. It rubs against the surface 1 during operation, the brushes 22 and 23 being slightly flattened.
  • the brushes 22 and 23 are rotated by the motors 80 and 81 located at the top of the box 18 and which, after an appropriate reduction in their speed, drive the axes 24 and 25 by means of a pinion and chain mechanism 82 and 83.
  • the box 18 is provided with an auxiliary tool 30 formed by an external conical brush 31 rotating around an approximately vertical axis and which flares downwards.
  • the external brush 31 is connected to the box 18 by means of two parallel arms 32, 33, of the same length, offset vertically and articulated by articulations of parallel and horizontal axis, 34 and 35 for the first arm 32 and 36 and 37 for the second arm 33, respectively to a toggle 38 and to the box 18.
  • the toggle 38 carries a hinge 39 around which the end of a handle 40 is articulated, the other end of which carries the brush external 31.
  • the handle 40 remains in an approximately horizontal plane. It is moved by a first jack 41, provided with a shock absorber not shown, articulated both on the handle 40 and on the toggle 38; a second jack 42 is also articulated on the box 18 and on the second arm 33.
  • the drive of the external brush 31 is ensured by a motor 84 located on the toggle 38 and more precisely above the hinge 39.
  • This motor the shaft of which passes through the toggle 38 and the hinge 39, drives a pinion and chain mechanism 85 connected to the axis of the external brush 31.
  • the chain extends inside the handle 40.
  • the two arms 32 and 33 the joints of which are arranged at the corners of a deformable parallelogram, form a pantograph 43 which allows, under the impulse of the second cylinder 42, to raise and lower the external brush 31.
  • the first cylinder 41 makes it possible to move the external brush 31 horizontally in order to move it away from or closer to the box 18.
  • the external brush 31 is therefore able to penetrate into the least accessible places on the surface 1 and in particular those located directly above the platforms 2 or in crevices, where the relatively large dimensions of the box 18 prevent it from entering.
  • the box support 14 is hooked to another pantograph device 50 formed by an upper arm 51 and a lower arm 52 substantially parallel and of the same length; the arms 51 and 52 each have one end, respectively 53 and 55, articulated on the box support 14 and another end, respectively 54 and 56, articulated on a support 57 of the platform.
  • joints 53 to 56 are at the corners of a deformable parallelogram and their axes are horizontal and parallel.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 58 is articulated between the platform support 57 and the upper arm 51; it allows the pantograph 50 to be raised and lowered.
  • each of the pantographs it may be advisable, for each of the pantographs, to double the arms by exactly similar arms and arranged in parallel.
  • the additional upper arms 32 ′ and 51 ′ have thus been shown, it being understood that the additional lower arms parallel to the lower arms 33 and 52 also exist.
  • the flexible tube 11 is then located between the two pairs of arms of the pantograph 50.
  • the platform support 57 rotates along a vertical axis with respect to a drum 60 which is part of a platform 59.
  • An externally toothed ring 61 is disposed above the drum 60 and is integral with the platform support form 57. It is actuated by the motor pinion of a hydraulic motor 62 linked to the platform 59.
  • the motors and jacks mentioned so far are controlled from a vehicle 75 of which the platform 59 is the upper part.
  • the vehicle 75 travels on rails 76 of one of the tracks of the surface 1 by means of wheels 77, some of which are driving.
  • the hydraulic motor 62 fixed to the platform 59 makes it possible to move the box 18 laterally by rotation of the pantograph 50.
  • the hydraulic motor 19 fixed to the support 14 exerts an opposite rotation on the box 18 to maintain the latter in a constant angular direction on the track, the axes 24 and 25 being directed transversely during cleaning. It would obviously have been possible to use a single engine and a transmission to perform these two movements simultaneously, but this solution has not been retained because it may be useful to adjust the direction of the box 18 in the case of curved tracks.
  • the envisaged scanning mode consists in making the vehicle 75 traverse a cleaning path repeatedly, the pantograph 50 and the box 18 being rotated between the paths of the path in order to be able to scan the surface 1 in strips parallel to the rails 76.
  • the external brush 31 is put into service for sweeping the transverse ends of the surface 1: the handle 40 is deployed by the first cylinder 41 to approach the external brush 31 of the walls 3. The waste sucked in by the external brush 31 is rejected towards the brushes 22 and 23 by the centrifugal force which is communicated to them. Outside of these two passes, the external brush 31 is folded back under the toggle joint 38 and raised from the surface 1.
  • the two extreme positions of the tool are indicated by A and B in FIG. 5, and an intermediate position by C. pantographs make it possible to maintain the horizontality of the box 18 and the external brush 31 at all times while adjusting their height so that they touch the surface 1 whatever the differences in level thereof.
  • the second rigid elbow 13 comprises opposite the flexible tube 11 an ascending branch which obliques horizontally and away from the pantograph 50 after a first turn 63, then oblique again at a right angle after a second turn 64 and is extended by a horizontal branch 65.
  • the pump 68 creates an air vortex which causes suction, by the branch 65, up to the connection 17 and to the box 18.
  • the reservoir 66 is connected by its upper wall to a filter unit 70 at the end of which is installed a centrifugal pump 71 which rejects into the atmosphere the air which has passed through the filter unit 70.
  • the air having penetrated into the reservoir 66 and subjected to a circumferential flow is therefore finally deflected and completes a spiral path with an ascending component as shown by the arrows 72.
  • the filtering unit 70 ensures the fixation of the dust sucked on the surface 1.
  • the larger-volume waste first of all seized and lifted by the brushes 22 and 23 after having possibly been sucked in by the external brush 31, is also sucked off and, once arrived in the reservoir 66, fall back by gravity into the part bottom of the latter, which is perforated and under which a removable bin 73 has been installed.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show the tool in the stored state on the vehicle 75. It is possible to make the platform support 57 a half-turn using the hydraulic motor 62 so as to bring the parts mobile tools in a folded position where they are next to the reservoir 66 and the filter unit 70. By a rotation of a half-turn of the housing 18, one can also bring the auxiliary tool 30 under the pantograph 50. The size of the vehicle 75 is then limited and it is possible to store without difficulty.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Abstract

It comprises a suction chamber (18) open at the bottom, containing rotating brushes (23 and (24). The chamber (18) is suspended from a vehicle (75) rolling on rails (76) by means of a pantographic system (50). An external brush (31), articulated onto the chamber, cleans in places to which access is difficult. The cleaning is carried out by successive parallel passes. Possible application to cleaning railway and underground railway tracks. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention a trait à un appareil de nettoyage d'une surface sensiblement horizontale mais qui peut cependant présenter des irrégularités ou des accidents, telle que par exemple un espace comprenant une ou deux voies de chemin de fer ou de métropolitain dans une gare. Elle a également trait à un procédé d'utilisation de cet appareil.The invention relates to a device for cleaning a substantially horizontal surface but which may, however, present irregularities or accidents, such as for example a space comprising one or two railway or metropolitan tracks in a station. It also relates to a method of using this device.

Le nettoyage de ces surfaces se fait à l'heure actuelle par des moyens essentiellement manuels qui n'impliquent que la manipulation de petits appareils. On emploie ainsi des aspirateurs dont on fait descendre l'extrémité aspirante sur les voies. Il n'est toutefois pas possible de balayer rapidement des surfaces importantes et l'efficacité de la méthode n'est pas excellente, notamment en ce qui concerne les gros déchets qu'il est difficile d'aspirer.The cleaning of these surfaces is currently done by essentially manual means which involve only the handling of small devices. Vacuums are thus used, the suction end of which is lowered onto the tracks. However, it is not possible to quickly sweep large areas and the effectiveness of the method is not excellent, particularly with regard to large waste which is difficult to vacuum.

On connaît également des véhicules de nettoyage dont le plus proche de l'invention est le brevt DE-A-3 042 510. D'une façon générale, ces véhicules sont cependant destinés au nettoyage de routes ou d'autres surfaces lisses et utilisent un moyen d'aspiration roulant sur la surface ou fixé sous le véhicule. Ils ne peuvent être utilisés pour le nettoyage de surfaces plus irrégulières à partir de véhicules roulant sur des rails et dont la position latérale est donc imposée. L'invention permet de satisfaire à ces exigences grâce à la combinaison des moyens énumérés dans la revendication 1. Le nettoyage est effectué par une combinaison d'aspiration et de saisie des déchets par des brosses rotatives situées à l'embouchure de l'aspirateur. Celle-ci est alors de grandes dimensions et doit être disposée à l'extrémité d'un dispositif déformable mais rigide, qui permette de la guider et de la déplacer rapidement et facilement le long de la surface à nettoyer.Cleaning vehicles are also known, the closest to which is the patent DE-A-3 042 510. In general, these vehicles are however intended for cleaning roads or other smooth surfaces and use a suction means rolling on the surface or fixed under the vehicle. They cannot be used for cleaning more irregular surfaces from vehicles running on rails and whose lateral position is therefore imposed. The invention makes it possible to meet these requirements thanks to the combination of the means listed in claim 1. The cleaning is carried out by a combination of suction and removal of the waste by rotary brushes located at the mouth of the vacuum cleaner. This is then of large dimensions and must be placed at the end of a deformable but rigid device, which allows it to be guided and moved quickly and easily along the surface to be cleaned.

Le véhicule est muni de moyens permettant de relever et d'abaisser l'embouchure de nettoyage selon des dénivellations de la surface à nettoyer, tout en maintenant l'embouchure orientée vers la surface à nettoyer.The vehicle is provided with means making it possible to raise and lower the cleaning mouthpiece according to unevennesses of the surface to be cleaned, while keeping the mouthpiece oriented towards the surface to be cleaned.

L'embouchure de nettoyage est également mobile latéralement par rapport au véhicule, ce qui permet de nettoyer la surface totale par passes successives alors que le véhicule emprunte un chemin invariable, notamment une voie ferrée. L'embouchure est montée pivotante autour d'un axe vertical pour que les brosses restent orientées correctement, avec des axes de rotation transversaux.The cleaning mouthpiece is also movable laterally with respect to the vehicle, which makes it possible to clean the total surface by successive passes while the vehicle follows an invariable path, in particular a railroad track. The mouthpiece is pivotally mounted around a vertical axis so that the brushes remain correctly oriented, with transverse axes of rotation.

Un dispositif optionnel permet un nettoyage efficace de la surface à nettoyer même à proximité de son raccordement avec un ou deux quais surplombants, où les zones en retrait ainsi que la proximité des parois rendent difficile ou impossible l'approche de l'embouchure aspirante. Ce dispositif est défini sous sa forme la plus générale par la revendication 4.An optional device allows effective cleaning of the surface to be cleaned, even close to its connection with one or two overhanging quays, where the recessed areas as well as the proximity of the walls make it difficult or impossible to approach the suction mouth. This device is defined in its most general form by claim 4.

Le procédé conforme à l'invention consiste à faire parcourir au véhicule un trajet répété sur les rails au cours de passes successives, et, entre les passes, à modifier la position de l'embouchure de manière à nettoyer des bandes juxtaposées et parallèles aux rails au cours des différentes passes, l'embouchure restant à une orientation invariable.The method according to the invention consists in making the vehicle travel a repeated path on the rails during successive passes, and, between passes, in modifying the position of the mouth so as to clean bands juxtaposed and parallel to the rails during the various passes, the mouth remaining at an invariable orientation.

On va maintenant décrire plus en détail une réalisation favorite de l'invention à l'aide des figures suivantes annexées à titre illustratif et non limitatif :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue de côté partielle de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus correspondant à la figure 1 ;
  • - les figures 3 et 4 sont une vue de côté et une vue de dessus de l'appareil à l'état replié et en montrant d'autres constituants ; et
  • - la figure 5 est une vue de dessus résumant les étapes du nettoyage.
A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described in more detail with the aid of the following figures which are annexed by way of illustration and not limiting:
  • - Figure 1 is a partial side view of the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a top view corresponding to Figure 1;
  • - Figures 3 and 4 are a side view and a top view of the device in the folded state and showing other components; and
  • - Figure 5 is a top view summarizing the stages of cleaning.

Les figures 1 et 2 sont tout d'abord décrites. On cherche à balayer une surface horizontale 1 telle que des voies encadrée par deux quais 2 et raccordée à ces quais par des parois verticales 3 et des parties en surplomb 4. Par commodité, on ne représente pas en totalité les petits obstacles connus : rails, traverses et ballasts qui encombrent la surface 1.Figures 1 and 2 are first described. We are trying to sweep a horizontal surface 1 such as tracks framed by two platforms 2 and connected to these platforms by vertical walls 3 and overhanging parts 4. For convenience, not all of the small known obstacles are represented: rails, sleepers and ballasts that clutter the surface 1.

L'outil de nettoyage comprend tout d'abord un tuyau 10 qui est globalement souple et qui peut être comme ici constitué d'un tube souple 11 entre deux coudes rigides 12 et 13.The cleaning tool firstly comprises a pipe 10 which is generally flexible and which can be, as here, constituted by a flexible tube 11 between two rigid elbows 12 and 13.

Le premier coude rigide 12 fait partie d'un support 14 qui comprend en particulier une couronne d'appui 15 au-dessus de laquelle est disposé un plateau 16 évidé et qui se prolonge vers le bas par un raccordement 17. Le raccordement 17 prolonge le premier coude rigide 12, traverse la couronne d'appui 15, et il est lui-même prolongé par une embouchure 18 qui sera désormais appelée "caisson" à cause de sa forme en boîte parallélépipédique et ouverte vers le bas. Le plateau 16 est par ailleurs mobile en rotation sur la couronne d'appui 15 à l'aide d'un moteur hydraulique 19, fixé au support 14 et terminé par un pignon 20 qui engrène dans une surface dentée extérieure 21 du plateau 16.The first rigid elbow 12 is part of a support 14 which in particular comprises a support ring 15 above which is disposed a hollow plate 16 and which is extended downwards by a connection 17. The connection 17 extends the first rigid elbow 12, crosses the support ring 15, and it is itself extended by a mouthpiece 18 which will henceforth be called "box" because of its shape in a rectangular box and open downwards. The plate 16 is also mobile in rotation on the support ring 15 using a hydraulic motor 19, fixed to the support 14 and terminated by a pinion 20 which meshes in an external toothed surface 21 of the tray 16.

Le caisson 18 contient deux brosses 22 et 23 rotatives autour d'axes parallèles horizontaux et de même niveau 24 et 25. Les brosses 22 et 23 sont côte à côte et animées à l'endroit où elles sont les plus proches, qui correspond à la zone 26 devant laquelle le raccordement 17 débouche, d'un mouvement tangentiel ascendant. Les brosses 22 et 23 dépassent par ailleurs du caisson 18 par le bas. Elles sont ainsi toujours en contact avec la surface 1 même si le caisson 18 doit être un peu soulevé pour éviter des rails.The box 18 contains two brushes 22 and 23 rotating around parallel horizontal axes and at the same level 24 and 25. The brushes 22 and 23 are side by side and animated at the place where they are closest, which corresponds to the zone 26 in front of which the connection 17 opens, in an upward tangential movement. The brushes 22 and 23 also protrude from the box 18 from below. They are thus always in contact with the surface 1 even if the box 18 must be lifted a little to avoid rails.

Pour améliorer l'efficacité de l'aspiration, le caisson 18 rigide peut être prolongé vers le bas par une bordure inférieure souple 27. La bordure inférieure 27 peut être formée de bandes continues élastiques ou de rangées de poils de brosse. Elle frotte contre la surface 1 au cours du fonctionnement, les brosses 22 et 23 étant légèrement aplaties.To improve the efficiency of the suction, the rigid box 18 can be extended downwards by a flexible bottom edge 27. The bottom edge 27 can be formed of continuous elastic bands or rows of brush bristles. It rubs against the surface 1 during operation, the brushes 22 and 23 being slightly flattened.

La rotation des brosses 22 et 23 est assurée par les moteurs 80 et 81 situés au sommet du caisson 18 et qui, après une réduction appropriée de leur vitesse, entraînent les axes 24 et 25 au moyen d'un mécanisme à pignons et chaîne 82 et 83.The brushes 22 and 23 are rotated by the motors 80 and 81 located at the top of the box 18 and which, after an appropriate reduction in their speed, drive the axes 24 and 25 by means of a pinion and chain mechanism 82 and 83.

Le caisson 18 est muni d'un outil auxiliaire 30 formé d'une brosse externe 31 conique tournant autour d'un axe à peu près vertical et qui s'évase vers le bas. La brosse externe 31 est reliée au caisson 18 par l'intermédiaire de deux bras 32, 33 parallèles, de même longueur, décalés verticalement et articulés par des articulations d'axe parallèle et horizontal, 34 et 35 pour le premier bras 32 et 36 et 37 pour le deuxième bras 33, respectivement à une genouillère 38 et au caisson 18. La genouillère 38 porte une charnière 39 autour de laquelle est articulée l'extrémité d'un manche 40 dont l'autre extrémité porte la brosse externe 31.The box 18 is provided with an auxiliary tool 30 formed by an external conical brush 31 rotating around an approximately vertical axis and which flares downwards. The external brush 31 is connected to the box 18 by means of two parallel arms 32, 33, of the same length, offset vertically and articulated by articulations of parallel and horizontal axis, 34 and 35 for the first arm 32 and 36 and 37 for the second arm 33, respectively to a toggle 38 and to the box 18. The toggle 38 carries a hinge 39 around which the end of a handle 40 is articulated, the other end of which carries the brush external 31.

Le manche 40 reste dans un plan à peu près horizontal. Il est déplacé par un premier vérin 41, muni d'un amortisseur non représenté, articulé à la fois sur le manche 40 et sur la genouillère 38 ; un second vérin 42 est par ailleurs articulé sur le caisson 18 et sur le second bras 33.The handle 40 remains in an approximately horizontal plane. It is moved by a first jack 41, provided with a shock absorber not shown, articulated both on the handle 40 and on the toggle 38; a second jack 42 is also articulated on the box 18 and on the second arm 33.

L'entraînement de la brosse externe 31 est assuré par un moteur 84 situé sur la genouillère 38 et plus précisément au-dessus de la charnière 39. Ce moteur, dont l'arbre passe à travers la genouillère 38 et la charnière 39, entraîne un mécanisme à pignons et chaîne 85 relié à l'axe de la brosse externe 31. La chaîne s'étend à l'intérieur du manche 40.The drive of the external brush 31 is ensured by a motor 84 located on the toggle 38 and more precisely above the hinge 39. This motor, the shaft of which passes through the toggle 38 and the hinge 39, drives a pinion and chain mechanism 85 connected to the axis of the external brush 31. The chain extends inside the handle 40.

Les deux bras 32 et 33, dont les articulations sont disposées aux coins d'un parallélogramme déformable, forment un pantographe 43 qui permet, sous l'impulsion du second vérin 42, de relever et d'abaisser la brosse externe 31. Le premier vérin 41 permet de déplacer la brosse externe 31 horizontalement pour l'éloigner ou la rapprocher du caisson 18. La brosse externe 31 est donc apte à pénétrer dans les endroits les moins accessibles de la surface 1 et notamment ceux qui sont situés à l'aplomb des quais 2 ou dans des anfractuosités, là où les dimensions relativement importantes du caisson 18 lui interdisent de pénétrer.The two arms 32 and 33, the joints of which are arranged at the corners of a deformable parallelogram, form a pantograph 43 which allows, under the impulse of the second cylinder 42, to raise and lower the external brush 31. The first cylinder 41 makes it possible to move the external brush 31 horizontally in order to move it away from or closer to the box 18. The external brush 31 is therefore able to penetrate into the least accessible places on the surface 1 and in particular those located directly above the platforms 2 or in crevices, where the relatively large dimensions of the box 18 prevent it from entering.

Le support de caisson 14 est accroché à un autre dispositif de pantographe 50 formé d'un bras supérieur 51 et d'un bras inférieur 52 sensiblement parallèles et de même longueur ; les bras 51 et 52 ont chacun une extrémité, respectivement 53 et 55, articulée sur le support de caisson 14 et une autre extrémité, respectivement 54 et 56, articulée sur un support 57 de plate-forme.The box support 14 is hooked to another pantograph device 50 formed by an upper arm 51 and a lower arm 52 substantially parallel and of the same length; the arms 51 and 52 each have one end, respectively 53 and 55, articulated on the box support 14 and another end, respectively 54 and 56, articulated on a support 57 of the platform.

Ces articulations 53 à 56 sont aux coins d'un parallélogramme déformable et leurs axes sont horizontaux et parallèles. Un vérin hydraulique 58 est articulé entre le support de plate-forme 57 et le bras supérieur 51 ; il permet de soulever et d'abaisser le pantographe 50.These joints 53 to 56 are at the corners of a deformable parallelogram and their axes are horizontal and parallel. A hydraulic cylinder 58 is articulated between the platform support 57 and the upper arm 51; it allows the pantograph 50 to be raised and lowered.

Il peut être indiqué, pour chacun des pantographes, de doubler les bras par des bras exactement semblables et disposés parallèlement. Sur la figure 2, on a ainsi représenté les bras supérieurs supplémentaires 32′ et 51′, étant bien entendu que les bras inférieurs supplémentaires parallèles aux bras inférieurs 33 et 52 existent également. Afin de limiter l'encombrement, le tube souple 11 est alors situé entre les deux paires de bras du pantographe 50.It may be advisable, for each of the pantographs, to double the arms by exactly similar arms and arranged in parallel. In FIG. 2, the additional upper arms 32 ′ and 51 ′ have thus been shown, it being understood that the additional lower arms parallel to the lower arms 33 and 52 also exist. In order to limit the size, the flexible tube 11 is then located between the two pairs of arms of the pantograph 50.

Le support de plate-forme 57 tourne suivant un axe vertical par rapport à un tambour 60 qui fait partie d'une plate-forme 59. Une couronne dentée extérieurement 61 est disposée au-dessus du tambour 60 et est solidaire du support de plate-forme 57. Elle est actionnée par le pignon moteur d'un moteur hydraulique 62 lié à la plate-forme 59.The platform support 57 rotates along a vertical axis with respect to a drum 60 which is part of a platform 59. An externally toothed ring 61 is disposed above the drum 60 and is integral with the platform support form 57. It is actuated by the motor pinion of a hydraulic motor 62 linked to the platform 59.

D'une façon générale, les moteurs et vérins mentionnés jusqu'ici sont commandés à partir d'un véhicule 75 dont la plate-forme 59 est la partie supérieure. Le véhicule 75 circule sur des rails 76 d'une des voies de la surface 1 au moyen de roues 77 dont certaines sont motrices. Le moteur hydraulique 62 fixé à la plate-forme 59 permet de déplacer latéralement le caisson 18 par rotation du pantographe 50. Le moteur hydraulique 19 fixé au support 14 exerce une rotation opposée sur le caisson 18 pour maintenir celui-ci dans une direction angulaire constante sur la voie, les axes 24 et 25 étant dirigés transversalement au cours du nettoyage. Il aurait évidemment été possible d'utiliser un seul moteur et une transmission pour effectuer ces deux mouvements simultanément, mais cette solution n'a pas été retenue car il peut être utile d'ajuster la direction du caisson 18 dans le cas de voies en courbe.In general, the motors and jacks mentioned so far are controlled from a vehicle 75 of which the platform 59 is the upper part. The vehicle 75 travels on rails 76 of one of the tracks of the surface 1 by means of wheels 77, some of which are driving. The hydraulic motor 62 fixed to the platform 59 makes it possible to move the box 18 laterally by rotation of the pantograph 50. The hydraulic motor 19 fixed to the support 14 exerts an opposite rotation on the box 18 to maintain the latter in a constant angular direction on the track, the axes 24 and 25 being directed transversely during cleaning. It would obviously have been possible to use a single engine and a transmission to perform these two movements simultaneously, but this solution has not been retained because it may be useful to adjust the direction of the box 18 in the case of curved tracks.

Le mode de balayage envisagé consiste à faire parcourir au véhicule 75 un trajet de nettoyage de manière répétée, le pantographe 50 et le caisson 18 étant tournés entre les parcours du trajet pour pouvoir balayer la surface 1 par bandes parallèles aux rails 76.The envisaged scanning mode consists in making the vehicle 75 traverse a cleaning path repeatedly, the pantograph 50 and the box 18 being rotated between the paths of the path in order to be able to scan the surface 1 in strips parallel to the rails 76.

La brosse externe 31 est mise en service pour le balayage des extrémités transversales de la surface 1 : le manche 40 est déployé par le premier vérin 41 pour approcher la brosse externe 31 des parois 3. Les déchets happés par la brosse externe 31 sont rejetés vers les brosses 22 et 23 par la force centrifuge qui leur est communiquée. En dehors de ces deux passes la brosse externe 31 est repliée sous la genouillère 38 et soulevée de la surface 1. Les deux positions extrêmes de l'outil sont indiquées par A et B sur la figure 5, et une position intermédiaire par C. Les pantographes permettent de maintenir à tout moment l'horizontalité du caisson 18 et de la brosse externe 31 tout en réglant leur hauteur pour qu'ils touchent la surface 1 quelles que soient les dénivellations de celle-ci.The external brush 31 is put into service for sweeping the transverse ends of the surface 1: the handle 40 is deployed by the first cylinder 41 to approach the external brush 31 of the walls 3. The waste sucked in by the external brush 31 is rejected towards the brushes 22 and 23 by the centrifugal force which is communicated to them. Outside of these two passes, the external brush 31 is folded back under the toggle joint 38 and raised from the surface 1. The two extreme positions of the tool are indicated by A and B in FIG. 5, and an intermediate position by C. pantographs make it possible to maintain the horizontality of the box 18 and the external brush 31 at all times while adjusting their height so that they touch the surface 1 whatever the differences in level thereof.

On va à présent décrire plus en détail le système d'aspiration utilisé en se reportant également aux figures 3 et 4. Le deuxième coude rigide 13 comprend à l'opposé du tube souple 11 une branche ascendante qui oblique horizontalement et s'éloigne du pantographe 50 après un premier tournant 63, puis oblique de nouveau à angle droit après un second tournant 64 et se prolonge par une branche horizontale 65. Celle-ci aboutit à la périphérie d'un réservoir cylindrique 66 faisant partie d'un cyclone 67 qui comprend en outre une pompe 68 extérieure au réservoir 66 et qui est munie d'une conduite 69 débouchant à une extrémité dans l'atmosphère et à l'autre extrémité dans le réservoir 66, tangentiellement à sa paroi et à hauteur de la branche 65. La pompe 68 crée un vortex d'air qui provoque une aspiration, par la branche 65, jusqu'au raccordement 17 et au caisson 18.We will now describe in more detail the suction system used with reference also to Figures 3 and 4. The second rigid elbow 13 comprises opposite the flexible tube 11 an ascending branch which obliques horizontally and away from the pantograph 50 after a first turn 63, then oblique again at a right angle after a second turn 64 and is extended by a horizontal branch 65. This ends at the periphery of a reservoir cylindrical 66 forming part of a cyclone 67 which further comprises a pump 68 external to the tank 66 and which is provided with a pipe 69 opening at one end into the atmosphere and at the other end in the tank 66, tangentially to its wall and at the level of the branch 65. The pump 68 creates an air vortex which causes suction, by the branch 65, up to the connection 17 and to the box 18.

Le réservoir 66 se raccorde par sa paroi supérieure à une unité de filtrage 70 à l'extrémité de laquelle est installée une pompe centrifuge 71 qui rejette dans l'atmosphère l'air qui a passé par l'unité de filtrage 70. L'air ayant pénétré dans le réservoir 66 et soumis à un écoulement circonférentiel est donc finalement dévié et accomplit un trajet en spirale avec une composante ascendante comme le représentent les flèches 72. L'unité de filtrage 70 assure la fixation des poussières aspirées sur la surface 1. Les déchets de plus gros volume, tout d'abord saisis et soulevés par les brosses 22 et 23 après avoir éventuellement été happés par la brosse externe 31, sont également aspirés et, une fois arrivés dans le réservoir 66, retombent par gravité dans la partie inférieure de celui-ci, qui est trouée et sous laquelle on a installé une poubelle amovible 73.The reservoir 66 is connected by its upper wall to a filter unit 70 at the end of which is installed a centrifugal pump 71 which rejects into the atmosphere the air which has passed through the filter unit 70. The air having penetrated into the reservoir 66 and subjected to a circumferential flow is therefore finally deflected and completes a spiral path with an ascending component as shown by the arrows 72. The filtering unit 70 ensures the fixation of the dust sucked on the surface 1. The larger-volume waste, first of all seized and lifted by the brushes 22 and 23 after having possibly been sucked in by the external brush 31, is also sucked off and, once arrived in the reservoir 66, fall back by gravity into the part bottom of the latter, which is perforated and under which a removable bin 73 has been installed.

Les figures 3 et 4 représentent l'outil dans l'état rangé sur le véhicule 75. Il est possible de faire effectuer au support de plate-forme 57 un demi-­tour à l'aide du moteur hydraulique 62 de manière à amener les parties mobiles de l'outil dans une position repliée où elles sont à côté du réservoir 66 et de l'unité de filtrage 70. Par une rotation d'un demi-tour du caisson 18, on peut en outre ramener l'outil auxiliaire 30 sous le pantographe 50. L'encombrement du véhicule 75 est alors limité et il est possible de le ranger sans difficulté.Figures 3 and 4 show the tool in the stored state on the vehicle 75. It is possible to make the platform support 57 a half-turn using the hydraulic motor 62 so as to bring the parts mobile tools in a folded position where they are next to the reservoir 66 and the filter unit 70. By a rotation of a half-turn of the housing 18, one can also bring the auxiliary tool 30 under the pantograph 50. The size of the vehicle 75 is then limited and it is possible to store without difficulty.

On dispose donc d'un appareil très efficace pour l'enlèvement des déchets de toute taille et des poussières susceptibles de recouvrir une surface à peu près horizontale.We therefore have a very effective device for removing waste of any size and dust likely to cover an almost horizontal surface.

Claims (9)

1. Appareil de nettoyage d'une surface horizontale (1) comprenant un véhicule (75) ; un dispositif d'aspiration (66, 68) porté par le véhicule et comportant un tuyau (11) au moins partiellement souple ; une embouchure ouverte vers la surface horizontale, l'embouchure renfermant au moins une brosse cylindrique rotative (22, 23) autour d'un axe horizontal et qui s'étend vers le bas au moins jusqu'à l'ouverture de l'embouchure, le tuyau se terminant dans l'embouchure et devant une partie de la brosse animée d'un mouvement tangentiel ascendant ; un support d'embouchure (14) pivotant autour d'un axe vertical par rapport à l'embouchure (18) ; caractérisé par deux bras (51, 52) articulés chacun à une extrémité (53, 55) sur le support d'embouchure (14) et à l'autre extrémité (54, 56) sur le véhicule, les bras étant sensiblement parallèles, de même longueur et leurs articulations étant d'axes parallèles, horizontaux et placés aux coins d'un parallélogramme ; et des moyens (58, 62, 19) pour faire pivoter les bras autour de leurs articulations sur le véhicule, ainsi qu'autour d'un axe vertical lié au véhicule, et pour faire pivoter l'embouchure par rapport au support d'embouchure.1. Apparatus for cleaning a horizontal surface (1) comprising a vehicle (75); a suction device (66, 68) carried by the vehicle and comprising a pipe (11) at least partially flexible; a mouth open towards the horizontal surface, the mouth containing at least one rotary cylindrical brush (22, 23) around a horizontal axis and which extends downwards at least until the opening of the mouth, the pipe ending in the mouth and in front of a part of the brush animated by an upward tangential movement; a mouthpiece support (14) pivoting about a vertical axis relative to the mouthpiece (18); characterized by two arms (51, 52) each articulated at one end (53, 55) on the mouthpiece support (14) and at the other end (54, 56) on the vehicle, the arms being substantially parallel, of same length and their joints being of parallel, horizontal axes and placed at the corners of a parallelogram; and means (58, 62, 19) for pivoting the arms around their articulations on the vehicle, as well as around a vertical axis linked to the vehicle, and for pivoting the mouthpiece relative to the mouthpiece support . 2. Appareil de nettoyage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que véhicule (75) comprend des roues (77) qui le font circuler sur des rails (76).2. A cleaning appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle (75) comprises wheels (77) which make it circulate on rails (76). 3. Appareil de nettoyage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'embouchure comprend une partie rigide prolongée vers le bas par une bordure souple (27).3. A cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the mouth comprises a rigid part extended downwards by a flexible border (27). 4. Appareil de nettoyage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une brosse externe (31) reliée à l'embouchure par un mécanisme (38, 40) qui permet de la déplacer horizontalement par rapport à l'embouchure.4. Cleaning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that it comprises an external brush (31) connected to the mouth by a mechanism (38, 40) which makes it possible to move it horizontally relative to the mouth. 5. Appareil de nettoyage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme permettant de déplacer la brosse externe (31) comprend une paire de bras (32, 33) articulés à leurs deux extrémités (34 à 37), les bras étant sensiblement parallèles, de même longueur et leurs articulations respectives étant parallèles, à axes horizontaux et parallèles et aux coins d'un parallélogramme.5. A cleaning appliance according to claim 4, characterized in that the mechanism for moving the external brush (31) comprises a pair of arms (32, 33) articulated at their two ends (34 to 37), the arms being substantially parallel, of the same length and their respective joints being parallel, with horizontal and parallel axes and at the corners of a parallelogram. 6. Appareil de nettoyage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme comprend un manche horizontal (40) à une extrémité duquel la brosse externe (31) est située et dont l'autre extrémité pivote autour d'une genouillère.6. Cleaning device according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the mechanism comprises a horizontal handle (40) at one end of which the external brush (31) is located and the other end of which pivots around d 'a knee brace. 7. Appareil de nettoyage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une transmission à chaînes et pignons (85), passant par le mécanisme, pour mouvoir la brosse externe (31).7. Cleaning apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a transmission with chains and sprockets (85), passing through the mechanism, for moving the external brush (31). 8. Appareil de nettoyage selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la brosse externe (31) est mue en rotation autour d'un axe approximativement vertical et s'évase vers le bas.8. A cleaning device according to claim 7, characterized in that the external brush (31) is rotated about an approximately vertical axis and flares down. 9. Procédé de nettoyage d'une surface sensiblement horizontale à l'aide de l'appareil défini par la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à faire parcourir au véhicule (75) un trajet répété sur les rails (76) au cours de passes successives, et, entre les passes, à modifier la position de l'embouchure (18) de manière à nettoyer des bandes juxtaposées et parallèles aux rails au cours des différentes passes, l'embouchure restant à une orientation invariable (figure 5).9. A method of cleaning a substantially horizontal surface using the apparatus defined by claim 2, characterized in that it consists in making the vehicle (75) travel a repeated path on the rails (76) at during successive passes, and, between passes, to modify the position of the mouth (18) so as to clean bands juxtaposed and parallel to the rails during the different passes, the mouth remaining in an invariable orientation (FIG. 5 ).
EP89403656A 1988-12-29 1989-12-27 Apparatus and process for cleaning a horizontal surface Withdrawn EP0378025A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8817401A FR2641293B1 (en) 1988-12-29 1988-12-29 APPARATUS FOR CLEANING A HORIZONTAL SURFACE
FR8817401 1988-12-29

Publications (1)

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EP0378025A1 true EP0378025A1 (en) 1990-07-18

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EP89403656A Withdrawn EP0378025A1 (en) 1988-12-29 1989-12-27 Apparatus and process for cleaning a horizontal surface

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EP (1) EP0378025A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2017060A4 (en)
FR (1) FR2641293B1 (en)
GR (1) GR910300075T1 (en)

Cited By (4)

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EP0703319A1 (en) * 1994-09-23 1996-03-27 Ernst Augl Gesellschaft m.b.H. &amp; Co.KG Mobile apparatus for cleaning and treating large areas
EP0743399A1 (en) * 1995-05-16 1996-11-20 Speno International S.A. Track cleaning apparatus
US6698115B2 (en) * 2001-04-02 2004-03-02 Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft M.B.H. Clearing chain for excavating bulk material
CN102587308A (en) * 2012-02-27 2012-07-18 苏州市京达环卫设备有限公司 Three-rolling-brush type cleaning equipment

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9015529D0 (en) * 1990-07-14 1990-08-29 Schmidt Mfg & Equip Cleaning vehicles

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GB546123A (en) * 1940-12-26 1942-06-29 Walter Jonathan Lewin Improvements in road sweeping and refuse collecting machines
US3881215A (en) * 1972-12-19 1975-05-06 Tennant Co Surface cleaning apparatus
GB1592777A (en) * 1976-11-18 1981-07-08 Johnston Bros Eng Ltd Refuse collecting vehicles
DE2924502A1 (en) * 1979-06-18 1981-01-08 Kibo Kommunalmasch Gmbh & Co Road sweeper side swinging brush arm - swivels on tilted axis joined to horizontally movable support
DE3042510A1 (en) * 1980-11-11 1982-06-24 Mulag-Fahrzeugwerk Heinz Wössner KG, 7605 Bad Peterstal-Griesbach Suction head for road sweeper - having revolving brush esp. with polyester bristles or wire times
DE3316390A1 (en) * 1983-05-05 1984-11-08 Rudolf 7132 Illingen Siewert Device for sweeping large areas
FR2605907A1 (en) * 1986-11-03 1988-05-06 Debefi Combined suction and cleaning device mounted on a light self-propelled vehicle for the vacuum removal of industrial and urban rubbish
US4741072A (en) * 1987-02-17 1988-05-03 Wilkerson Kenneth R Railroad track cleaner

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0703319A1 (en) * 1994-09-23 1996-03-27 Ernst Augl Gesellschaft m.b.H. &amp; Co.KG Mobile apparatus for cleaning and treating large areas
EP0743399A1 (en) * 1995-05-16 1996-11-20 Speno International S.A. Track cleaning apparatus
US5673626A (en) * 1995-05-16 1997-10-07 Speno International Sa Equipment for cleaning railway tracks
US6698115B2 (en) * 2001-04-02 2004-03-02 Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft M.B.H. Clearing chain for excavating bulk material
CN102587308A (en) * 2012-02-27 2012-07-18 苏州市京达环卫设备有限公司 Three-rolling-brush type cleaning equipment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR910300075T1 (en) 1991-11-15
FR2641293B1 (en) 1992-04-03
ES2017060A4 (en) 1991-01-01
FR2641293A1 (en) 1990-07-06

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