Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
  • E04B1/3511—Lift-slab; characterised by a purely vertical lifting of floors or roofs or parts thereof

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the building industry and relates more particularly to a method of successive construction of superimposed building floors.
• This construction method has many drawbacks. In particular, it requires the use of - very powerful and heavy lifting means which must be removed and rested each time the
• the number of lifting points is limited to the number of studs that the building will present, so that the floors must be provided, as soon as they are prefabricated, resistant between the spans of studs and that the connections with these studs must be sophisticated
• This method also has drawbacks.
• the structure of the roof constitutes a load transfer gantry such that this structure must be provided resistant to the load due to the prefabricated plank to be lifted.
• the present invention aims in particular to remedy the above drawbacks and proposes a method of constructing superimposed floors of a building which is particularly simple and advantageous both from the technical point of view and of resistance of the materials as from the cost point of view.
• the method of constructing superimposed building floors in accordance with the present invention is such that it consists in prefabricating each floor on the immediately lower or underlying floor, in raising said prefabricated floor so as to make it at its best. final location at a distance from the underlying floor using lifting means connected to this prefabricated plank and carried by posts previously erected and crossing this prefabricated floor and to be subjected to its final location, Said prefabricated pLancher to said posts .
• At least some of said posts can be intended to constitute definitive bearing elements of said prefabricated floor. According to the present invention, at least some of said posts can be intended to constitute temporary load-bearing elements of said prefabricated floor, which is subsequently dismantled.
• the method according to the present invention may advantageously consist in connecting the upper part of at least some of said posts by a rigid structure.
• the method according to the present invention may further consist in raising said rigid structure as and when successive installation of prefabricated floors.
• the method according to the present invention may consist in supporting said rigid structure by definitive load-bearing elements of the building arranged outside said prefabricated floor or not.
• it may consist in having said rigid structure carried by temporary posts which are subsequently dismantled, arranged outside said prefabricated floors.
• said lifting means are preferably carried by said rigid structure.
• said rigid structure is intended to constitute the top structure of the building, in particular its roof.
• the * - method according to the present invention may further consist in providing said rigid structure with devices where there is assembled in a coherent and rational manner a fixing piece to said rigid structure, a positioning piece and holding the heads of said posts. and carrying lifting means or parts thereof.
• the method can also consist of prefabricating at least two floors on said underlying floor and lifting these prefabricated floors to bring them to their final location between this underlying floor and said rigid structure.
• the method can also consist in placing in the recesses provided for the passage of said posts of said prefabricated floor brought to its final location of the support elements suitable for receiving the lower end of the posts used for the construction of the prefabricated floor above. -jacent.
• said support elements may advantageously be constituted by solid plugs engaged in frustoconical passages open towards the top of said prefabricated floor, these plugs having, on their upper face, recesses adapted to receive the lower end of said posts.
• the method of the invention provides considerable reduction in the means to be implemented in order to continue saving the formwork without, however, the dispersion of the prefabricated places in space being a drawback. Indeed, the techniques of transport of equipment and materials have evolved a lot and, for example, the delivery of concrete in the middle of a floor of a large building does not cost much more expensive on the 10th floor than on the ground floor.
• the process of the invention optimizes investment in equipment as best as possible, by using the provisional shoring posts after lifting, generally essential in lifting masts. .
• the materials are light and easy to set up.
• the method according to the present invention will be better understood from the study of building construction methods described by way of non-limiting examples and illustrated by The drawing on Which:
• FIG. 1 shows an elevation of the building on which the top pLancher of the 1st floor is being produced according to the method of the invention in the preparatory phase for lifting. Temporary posts are used.
• Figure 2 shows the same building during the next phase: Lifting.
• FIG. 3 shows the same building at the end of the last phase: put to rest and stabilization if necessary of the floor.
• FIG. 4 represents an elevation on a building where the method of the invention is used, the lifting means being supported on the final posts of the building. We see a post in the process of installation.
• FIG. 5 represents an elevation on a building where the method of the invention is used, the lifting means being supported on the final posts of the building which have the distinction of having been prefabricated in a single piece from the foundations to the last floor.
• Figure 6 shows in elevation a building covered by a rigid structure on which are fixed the means for lifting and holding the posts.
• the structure is carried by masts fitted with lifting means.
• FIG. 7 represents a building temporarily overhung by a rigid structure according to a variant of the method of the invention, the particularity being that said structure is moved using a crane.
• FIG. 8 represents an elevation on a house whose floors are made according to the method of the invention, the overhanging rigid structure being the frame of the roof definitive.
• FIG. 9 represents a particular case of the method of the invention making it possible to set up two floors successively with the same device.
• Figure 10 shows a section through a floor recess plug and a floor support at the top of the post.
• FIG. 11 represents a nonlimiting variant of a lifting device according to the method of the invention.
• Figures 1 and 2 illustrate an application of the method of Invetion to the realization of a building.
• the slab (10a ) of the top ground floor was lifted and put to rest on the devices (3) fixed on the temporary posts (1a) which were used for lifting.
• the peripheral walls (11) were then assembled before a new operation began for the high floor 1st floor of which we see in Figure 1 the slab ( 10 ) prefabricated on the floor (10a).
• Recesses (2 ) have been reserved to allow passage to the provisional posts (1), the base of which will be embedded in (13 ) in the top of the posts (1) and the top of which carries the lifting means (4) .
• the cables ( 4a ) of said lifting means are fixed to the slab (10) at (4c).
• Figure 2 shows the floor (10) being lifted.
• the stability of the device partially obtained by the embedding of the posts (1) is supplemented here by the establishment of the cross of Saint Andrew (12) during the lifting.
• Figure 3 shows a floor (10) at rest
• the material is light comparable to the props commonly used in shoring.
• the posts are positioned freely, for example according to the resistance of a concrete plank or even so as not to interfere with the production of partitions or walls in the under construction of the slab.
• the application of Figure 4 differs from the previous one in that the posts (1) put in place are the final load-bearing elements of the building. Generally, they are superimposed on the carriers of the lower floors in which they are embedded. It will be noted that these posts can be light because, unlike known methods, lifting planking by floor and floor by floor provides these posts with relatively low forces.
• the lifting means (4 ) are fixed at the head of the posts (1) and deposited between each new operation.
• the application represented in FIG. 5 avoids the laying operations - removal of the lifting devices in that the said devices are put in place only once at the start of the work at the head of the definite posts (10) which have prefabricated over the entire height of the building and installed by crane. Expectations of Liaison armatures have been provided on each floor (20).
• Lifting floor by floor, floor by floor, allows this particular technique: lifting efforts of only one slab at a time remaining low, there is no risk of buckling of the posts.
• a rigid structure can advantageously overhang the prefabrication and lifting area of the floors; this structure can be carried by provisional supports, peripheral masts for example, or again by permanent load-bearing elements, posts, walls, etc.
• This structure can carry the lifting means and hold the pole heads which simplifies implementation.
• the connection of the post heads to the rigid structure can be resistant and capable of absorbing all or part of the forces necessary for the stability of the device. This stability can also be provided in whole or in part by transferring horizontal forces from the rigid structure to its supports.
• the overhanging structure does not have the function of carry or transfer the vertical loads of the floors to be lifted, these are picked up by the posts and transmitted directly to the lower structural elements.
• FIG. 6 represents a rigid structure (5) overhanging a floor (10) for which the lifting operation is prepared.
• the provisional posts (1) are held in waiting sleeves ( 7 ) , fixed to said structure.
• the posts C1) are provided with a telescopic device known per se allowing easy installation and removal.
• the lifting means (4) are fixed to the rigid structure ( 5 ) in line with the post supports ( 1 ) .
• the structure C5 ) is carried by masts (6) erected at the periphery and held to the building at (6b). They are fitted with lifting means (6a). After stabilization of the floor (10a) in its final location, the structure (5) was lifted to the position of Figure 6 at a distance from the floor (10a) corresponding to the height of the temporary posts (1) which are used.
• the work plan has thus been released on which the new floor (10) can be prefabricated.
• the srtabi lity of the device shown being ensured in part by transfer of the forces from the structure (5) to its masts (6) and in part by the embedded connection of the sleeves (7) to the structure (5), need to embed the feet of the posts (1).
• the recesses (2) of the floor (10a) are closed by the plugs (15), the details of which are given in FIG. 10 and which have the particularity of being rendered immediately bearing by the frustoconical shape open upwards.
• a recess (14) of a shape adapted to the base of the provisional posts (1) and centered on the upper face of the plug (15) can be made in order to ensure resistance to accidental ripping of the feet of posts.
• FIG. 11 A nonlimiting variant of this device of the invention is given in FIG. 11 in which there is a coherent and rational assembly between a fixing piece (9) intended to be easily and securely attached to the overhanging structure; a holding device for the pole heads here a sleeve (7); lifting means, force generator or transmission or transfer accessories.
• a return pulley (4b) and a cable (4a) The latter is attached to the floor to be lifted by the attachments known per se (4c). The lifting preparation operations having been completed, the lifting means are put into action for
• REPLACEMENT SHEET bring the pLancher (10) to its final position shown in dotted lines in FIG. 6. At this stage, the slab is put to rest on the temporary posts (1) using the devices ( 3 ) , a variant of which is shown in Figure 10.
• FIG. 7 Another particular application of the method of the invention, is represented in FIG. 7,
• the * rigid structure whose use has been described above, is moved using a crane and is placed all or part on the load-bearing elements of the final structure of the building which have been previously constructed. These can be walls or posts.
• These can be walls or posts.
• the use of temporary posts to divide and share The load of Lifting without oversizing the rigid structure is all the more judicious since these temporary posts will be most of the time essential to support The young inocre concrete after its lifting.
• FIG. 8 represents an original device resulting from the process of the invention and claimed as such comprising in rigid structure overhanging ( 5 ) , the framework of the definitive cover of the building, here, non-limiting choice, a composite frame traditional farms; on a resistant element of this structure (5), here the ties, are fixed
• the devices comprising rationally assembled a fixing part (9) to the structure (5), a part (7) at the top of the post ( 1 ) and lifting means (4). The whole being fixed to the structure 5 on the ground before being lifted from floor to floor using the masts (6) themselves equipped with lifting means C6a). Poles
• REPLACEMENT temporary (1) are erected between the underlying slab (10a) and said di spo-si ti fs.
• FIG. 9 a particular case of using the device in FIG. 8 is shown for successively lifting two prefabricated floors one on the other, the overhanging structure remaining in the same position.
• This use case will be advantageous on single-story houses whose low floor is on crawl space.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=9351111

Family Applications (1)

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• 1987
  • 1987-05-13 FR FR8706809A patent/FR2615220B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1988
  • 1988-05-13 WO PCT/FR1988/000243 patent/WO1988008903A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1988-05-13 EP EP19880904555 patent/EP0362247A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1988-05-13 JP JP88504474A patent/JPH02503582A/ja active Pending
  • 1988-05-13 AU AU18001/88A patent/AU1800188A/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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