EP0361227B1 - Prestressed concrete railway sleeper - Google Patents

Prestressed concrete railway sleeper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0361227B1
EP0361227B1 EP89117094A EP89117094A EP0361227B1 EP 0361227 B1 EP0361227 B1 EP 0361227B1 EP 89117094 A EP89117094 A EP 89117094A EP 89117094 A EP89117094 A EP 89117094A EP 0361227 B1 EP0361227 B1 EP 0361227B1
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Prior art keywords
sleeper
prestressed concrete
tensioning elements
centre
cross
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EP89117094A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0361227A3 (en
EP0361227A2 (en
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Walter Bau AG
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Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG
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Priority to AT89117094T priority Critical patent/ATE81691T1/en
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Publication of EP0361227A3 publication Critical patent/EP0361227A3/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/28Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
    • E01B3/32Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone with armouring or reinforcement
    • E01B3/34Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone with armouring or reinforcement with pre-tensioned armouring or reinforcement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a railway sleeper made of prestressed concrete with a monolithic sleeper body consisting of two support bodies supporting the fastening parts for the rails and a middle part connecting them, which has a smaller cross section than the support body.
  • the position of the individual tension elements in the sleeper body is predetermined by distributing their end anchorages in the cross-sectional areas of the sleeper ends as evenly as possible and by guiding the tension elements in a straight line between the end anchorages in order to achieve a central prestress.
  • the sleeper body therefore mostly has a prismatic shape. This results in higher bending moments compared to a sleeper body with a slim middle section; however, these are accepted in favor of a simple linear guidance of the tensioning elements.
  • the end anchors of the tensioning elements can either be formed by anchor bodies or, when the sleepers are manufactured in the tensioning bed, by an adhesive bond. It is also known to form the end anchorages of two tensioning elements in each case on a sleeper end in the form of a loop.
  • the invention has for its object to allow a reduction in the cross-sectional width in the middle part of the sleeper body in favor of the support body in a prestressed concrete sleeper of the type specified while maintaining the uniform distribution of the end anchorages of the tensioning elements on the cross-sectional areas of the sleeper ends, even in the case of a prestressed concrete sleeper more favorable distribution of the bending moments and, if possible, a saving of prestressing steel.
  • the threshold end including the deflection points of the wire loops, is no longer pre-tensioned after the anchor bolts have been pulled, since the tension wires curved in the region of the bolts are no longer held, but stretch and lose their tension.
  • the crossed guidance of the tensioning elements in the middle of the sleeper enables the use of a sleeper body with a high, narrow middle web and wide sleeper ends, even for prestressed concrete sleepers .
  • a sufficiently high central web with a correspondingly large moment of inertia is available, the rigidity of which is sufficient to prevent any bending of the sleeper body in the longitudinal direction, which could lead to an inclined position of the rails.
  • the measures proposed according to the invention lead overall to a considerable reduction in the steel requirement for a prestressed concrete sleeper.
  • the amount of prestressing steel customary in known sleepers decreases from approx. 5 kg per sleeper according to the invention by up to 40% to approx. 3 kg per sleeper.
  • the sleeper body 1 consists of two comparatively wide lateral support bodies 2, 2 ', which - for the sake of clarity - not shown - rail fastening, and a central part 3 with a comparatively narrow, high cross-section.
  • the sleeper body 1 is reinforced with four straight clamping elements 4, which are anchored at the sleeper ends 5, 5 'by means of end anchors 6.
  • the tensioning elements 4 consist of individual steel rods, wires or strands, which are guided so that they lie one above the other in a vertical plane V-V in the middle of the threshold (FIG. 4) and spread out radially towards the threshold ends 5, 5 '.
  • Your end anchorages 6 are evenly distributed over the surface of the preferably trapezoidal cross-section at the threshold ends 5, 5 '(Fig. 3). This arrangement allows the formation of a very slim middle part 3 while maintaining sufficient concrete coverage (Fig. 4).
  • FIG. 2 and 3 show the combination of two clamping elements 4a, 4b and 4c, 4d to form a pair of clamping elements.
  • the tensioning elements 4a, 4b and 4c, 4d of each pair of tensioning elements each have an inclination of the same size but in opposite directions with respect to the longitudinal axis L-L (FIG. 1) and run in horizontal planes parallel to one another (FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • the inclinations to one another and the distances between the clamping elements 4a, 4b and 4c, 4d, which form a pair, are selected such that no torsional moments occur.
  • the end anchors 6 are arranged on both threshold ends 5, 5 'in the same way.
  • FIG. 5 it is also indicated in FIG. 5 how the clamping elements 4c and 4d forming a pair can also be arranged between the clamping elements 4a and 4b forming the other pair in order to avoid the generation of torsional moments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)

Abstract

In a prestressed concrete railway sleeper whose sleeper body (1) consists of two supporting bodies (2, 2') carrying the rail fastenings and a centre part (3) of smaller cross-section, the prestressing elements (4), such as, for example, steel bars, wires or strands, starting from a point where they are united in a vertical and/or horizontal plane in the sleeper centre, are run radially and rectilinearly to the sleeper ends (5, 5'), where they are anchored in uniform distribution over the cross-sectional areas of the sleeper ends. By the uniting of the prestressing elements (4) in the sleeper centre, the use of a sleeper body having a narrow, high centre web and wide sleeper ends also becomes possible for prestressed concrete sleepers, in which sleeper body only slight alternating bending moments arise in the centre part or a unidirectionally positive pattern of the bending moments can be permitted over the entire length of the sleeper. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Eisenbahnschwelle aus Spannbeton mit einem monolithischen Schwellenkörper aus zwei die Befestigungsteile für die Schienen tragenden Auflagerkörpern und einem diese verbindenden Mittelteil, das einen geringeren Querschnitt aufweist als die Auflagerkörper.The invention relates to a railway sleeper made of prestressed concrete with a monolithic sleeper body consisting of two support bodies supporting the fastening parts for the rails and a middle part connecting them, which has a smaller cross section than the support body.

Eisenbahnschwellen mit einer mehr oder weniger ausgeprägten Einschnürung des Mittelteils bis hin zu einer gelenkartigen Führung der Bewehrung sind vor allem bei Ausführung in Stahlbeton in großer Anzahl bekannt. Der Vorteil einer solchen Form des Schwellenkörpers, der im Schotterbett wie ein Träger auf zwei Stützen unter Gleichlast wirkt, liegt vor allem darin, daß dadurch die stützenden Auflagerkräfte der Schotterbettung jeweils auf die Bereiche um die Achsen der Schienen konzentriert werden. Hieraus ergibt sich eine Verringerung der Biegemomente, insbesondere in dem schlankeren Mittelteil der Schwelle, die zu einem geringeren Bewehrungsbedarf und damit zu einer größeren Wirtschaftlichkeit führt. Nachteilig sind die durch diese Form bedingte aufwendigere Herstellung der Bewehrung und die Gefahr der Bildung von Rissen im Schwellenkörper unter schwingender Belastung, wodurch die praktische Bedeutung derartiger Schwellen stark gemindert wurde. Vor allem bei einer gelenkartigen Ausbildung der Schwelle im Mittelbereich besteht auch die Gefahr einer Verbiegung des Schwellenkörpers mit der Folge einer Schrägstellung der Schienen.Railway sleepers with a more or less pronounced constriction of the middle part up to a joint-like guidance of the reinforcement are known in large numbers, especially when executed in reinforced concrete. The advantage of such a form of the sleeper body, which acts in the ballast bed like a beam on two supports under equal load, lies primarily in the fact that the supporting support forces of the ballast bed are concentrated on the areas around the axes of the rails. This results in a reduction in the bending moments, particularly in the slimmer middle part of the threshold, which leads to less reinforcement requirements and thus to greater economy. Disadvantages are the more complex manufacture of the reinforcement due to this shape and the risk of cracks forming in the sleeper body under vibrating loads, which greatly reduced the practical importance of such sleepers. Especially when the threshold is formed in an articulated manner, there is also the risk of the threshold body being bent, with the result that the rails are inclined.

Bei Schwellen aus Spannbeton ist die Lage der einzelnen Spannelemente im Schwellenkörper durch eine möglichst gleichmäßige Verteilung ihrer Endverankerungen in den Querschnittsflächen der Schwellenenden und eine geradlinige Führung der Spannelemente zwischen den Endverankerungen zur Erzielung einer zentrischen Vorspannung vorgegeben. Der Schwellenkörper hat deshalb meist prismatische Form. Dadurch ergeben sich gegenüber einem Schwellenkörper mit schlankem Mittelteil zwar höhere Biegemomente; diese werden aber zu Gunsten einer einfachen geradlinigen Führung der Spannelemente in Kauf genommen. Die Endverankerungen der Spannelemente können entweder durch Ankerkörper oder, bei Herstellung der Schwellen im Spannbett, durch Haftverbund gebildet sein. Es ist auch bekannt, die Endverankerungen von je zwei Spannelementen an einem Schwellenende in Form einer Schlaufe auszubilden.In the case of sleepers made of prestressed concrete, the position of the individual tension elements in the sleeper body is predetermined by distributing their end anchorages in the cross-sectional areas of the sleeper ends as evenly as possible and by guiding the tension elements in a straight line between the end anchorages in order to achieve a central prestress. The The sleeper body therefore mostly has a prismatic shape. This results in higher bending moments compared to a sleeper body with a slim middle section; however, these are accepted in favor of a simple linear guidance of the tensioning elements. The end anchors of the tensioning elements can either be formed by anchor bodies or, when the sleepers are manufactured in the tensioning bed, by an adhesive bond. It is also known to form the end anchorages of two tensioning elements in each case on a sleeper end in the form of a loop.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer Spannbetonschwelle der eingangs angegebenen Art unter Beibehaltung der gleichmäßigen Verteilung der Endverankerungen der Spannelemente an den Querschnittsflächen der Schwellenenden auch bei einer Spannbetonschwelle eine Verringerung der Querschnittsbreite im Mittelteil des Schwellenkörpers zu Gunsten der Auflagerkörper zu ermöglichen, um zu einer günstigeren Verteilung der Biegemomente und möglichst auch einer Einsparung an Spannstahl zu kommen.The invention has for its object to allow a reduction in the cross-sectional width in the middle part of the sleeper body in favor of the support body in a prestressed concrete sleeper of the type specified while maintaining the uniform distribution of the end anchorages of the tensioning elements on the cross-sectional areas of the sleeper ends, even in the case of a prestressed concrete sleeper more favorable distribution of the bending moments and, if possible, a saving of prestressing steel.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Advantageous further developments result from the subclaims.

Zur Herstellung von Spannbetonschwellen mit sofortigem Verbund ist es zwar schon bekannt geworden, eine aus mehreren in Form einer liegenden Acht durchgehend gewickelten Drahtschlaufen bestehende Spannbewehrung im Bereich der Schwellenenden um in der Schalung angebrachte Ankerbolzen zu legen (DE-PS 12 47 188). Zum Spannen der Drahtschlaufen werden die Anker voneinander wegbewegt und nach dem Einbringen des Betons bis zu dessen Erhärten in ihrer Spannstellung gehalten. Diese Form der Spannbewehrung führt zwar dazu, daß sich die einzelnen Lagen der Spannbewehrung im Mittelbereich des Schwellenkörpers in einer vertikalen Ebene kreuzen, so daß eine Art Einschnürung des Schwellenkörpers erreichbar ist. Da die einzelnen Lagen der Spannbewehrung aber im gesamten Schwellenkörper, also auch an den Schwellenenden in jeweils einer vertikalen Ebene übereinander liegen und zueinander gespreizt verlaufen, entstehen Querzugspannungen. Diese führen zwangsläufig zu einem Aufreißen des Schwellenkörpers in Längsrichtung, wenn sie nicht durch zusätzliche schlaffe Bewehrungselemente aufgenommen werden, was wiederum den wirtschaftlichen Aufwand vergrößert. Außerdem ist das Schwellenende einschließlich der Umlenkstellen der Drahtschlaufen nach dem Ziehen der Ankerbolzen nicht mehr vorgespannt, da die im Bereich der Bolzen gekrümmten Spanndrähte nicht mehr gehalten sind, sondern sich strecken und dabei ihre Spannkraft verlieren.For the production of prestressed concrete sleepers with an immediate bond, it has already become known to place a reinforcement in the area of the sleeper ends consisting of several wire loops wound continuously in the form of a figure of eight around anchor bolts installed in the formwork (DE-PS 12 47 188). To tension the wire loops, the anchors are moved away from each other and after the concrete has been poured in until it hardens held their tensioned position. This form of prestressing reinforcement leads to the individual layers of the prestressing reinforcement crossing in the middle region of the sleeper body in a vertical plane, so that a kind of constriction of the sleeper body can be achieved. However, since the individual layers of the tension reinforcement lie one above the other in the entire sleeper body, i.e. also at the sleeper ends, in a vertical plane and are spread apart, transverse tensile stresses arise. These inevitably lead to the threshold body being torn open in the longitudinal direction if they are not absorbed by additional flaccid reinforcement elements, which in turn increases the economic outlay. In addition, the threshold end, including the deflection points of the wire loops, is no longer pre-tensioned after the anchor bolts have been pulled, since the tension wires curved in the region of the bolts are no longer held, but stretch and lose their tension.

Durch die Verwendung einzelner Spannelemente und deren von der Schwellenmitte ausgehende strahlenartige Ausbreitung lassen sich erfindungsgemäß auch bei breiten Schwellenenden eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Endverankerungen über die jeweilige Querschnittsfläche und eine entsprechend gleichmäßige Durchsetzung des Schwellenkörpers mit Spannstahl erreichen, so daß eine hohe Vorspannkraft erzielbar ist, ohne daß eine schlaffe Zusatzbewehrung erforderlich würde.Through the use of individual tensioning elements and their beam-like propagation starting from the middle of the sleeper, even with wide sleeper ends, a uniform distribution of the end anchorages over the respective cross-sectional area and a correspondingly uniform enforcement of the sleeper body with prestressing steel can be achieved, so that a high prestressing force can be achieved without a loose additional reinforcement would be required.

Durch die gekreuzte Führung der Spannelemente in Schwellenmitte wird auch für Spannbetonschwellen die Anwendung eines Schwellenkörpers mit hohem schmalem Mittelsteg und breiten Schwellenenden ermöglicht, bei dem im Mittelteil nur geringe wechselnde Biegemomente entstehen, ja sogar ein einsinnig positiver Verlauf der Biegemomente über die ganze Schwellenlänge erreicht werden kann. Damit steht trotz Konzentration der Auflagerkräfte im Bereich der Auflagerkörper ein ausreichend hoher Mittelsteg mit entsprechend großem Trägheitsmoment zur Verfügung, dessen Steifigkeit ausreicht, um eine etwaige Verbiegung des Schwellenkörpers-in Längsrichtung zu verhindern, die zu einer Schrägstellung der Schienen führen könnte.The crossed guidance of the tensioning elements in the middle of the sleeper enables the use of a sleeper body with a high, narrow middle web and wide sleeper ends, even for prestressed concrete sleepers . With that stands Despite the concentration of the support forces in the area of the support body, a sufficiently high central web with a correspondingly large moment of inertia is available, the rigidity of which is sufficient to prevent any bending of the sleeper body in the longitudinal direction, which could lead to an inclined position of the rails.

Die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Maßnahmen führen insgesamt zu einer beträchtlichen Verringerung des Stahlbedarfs für eine Spannbetonschwelle. So sinkt die bei bekannten Schwellen übliche Spannstahlmenge von ca. 5 kg je Schwelle nach der Erfindung um bis zu 40 % auf ca. 3 kg je Schwelle ab.The measures proposed according to the invention lead overall to a considerable reduction in the steel requirement for a prestressed concrete sleeper. Thus, the amount of prestressing steel customary in known sleepers decreases from approx. 5 kg per sleeper according to the invention by up to 40% to approx. 3 kg per sleeper.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand einiger in der Zeichnung dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 in schematischer Darstellung den Grundriß einer Spannbetonschwelle mit geraden, einander kreuzenden Spannelementen,
  • Fig. 2 eine schematische Seitenansicht der Spannbetonschwelle gemäß Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Ansicht eines Schwellenendes entlang der Linie III-III in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt in Schwellenmitte entlang der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 5 eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Ansicht eines Schwellenendes mit anderer Führung der Spannelemente,
  • Fig. 6 in schematischer Darstellung den Grundriß einer Spannbetonschwelle mit einander kreuzenden schlaufenförmigen Spannelementen,
  • Fig. 7 eine schematische Seitenansicht der Spannbetonschwelle nach Fig. 6,
  • Fig. 8 eine Ansicht des Schwellenendes entlang der Linie VIII-VIII in Fig. 6 und
  • Fig. 9 einen Querschnitt in Schwellenmitte entlang der Linie IX-IX in Fig. 6.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a few exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. It shows
  • 1 is a schematic representation of the floor plan of a prestressed concrete sleeper with straight, crossing clamping elements,
  • 2 shows a schematic side view of the prestressed concrete sleeper according to FIG. 1,
  • 3 is a view of a threshold end along the line III-III in Fig. 1,
  • 4 shows a cross section in the middle of the threshold along the line IV-IV in FIG. 1,
  • 5 a view corresponding to FIG. 3 of a sleeper end with a different guidance of the tensioning elements,
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of the floor plan of a Prestressed concrete sleeper with crossing loop-shaped tension elements,
  • 7 is a schematic side view of the prestressed concrete sleeper according to FIG. 6,
  • Fig. 8 is a view of the threshold end along the line VIII-VIII in Fig. 6 and
  • 9 shows a cross section in the middle of the sleeper along the line IX-IX in FIG. 6.

In den Fig. 1 bis 4 ist jeweils in schematischer Darstellung eine erste Ausführungsform für die Gestaltung des Schwellenkörpers und die Führung der Spannelemente dargestellt. Der Schwellenkörper 1 besteht aus zwei vergleichsweise breiten seitlichen Auflagerkörpern 2, 2′, welche die - der Übersichtlichkeit halber nicht dargestellte - Schienenbefestigung tragen, und einem Mittelteil 3 mit vergleichsweise schmalem hohem Querschnitt. Der Schwellenkörper 1 ist mit vier geraden Spannelementen 4 bewehrt, die an den Schwellenenden 5, 5′ mittels Endverankerungen 6 verankert sind.1 to 4 each show a schematic representation of a first embodiment for the design of the sleeper body and the guidance of the tensioning elements. The sleeper body 1 consists of two comparatively wide lateral support bodies 2, 2 ', which - for the sake of clarity - not shown - rail fastening, and a central part 3 with a comparatively narrow, high cross-section. The sleeper body 1 is reinforced with four straight clamping elements 4, which are anchored at the sleeper ends 5, 5 'by means of end anchors 6.

Die Spannelemente 4 bestehen aus einzelnen Stahlstäben, -drähten oder -litzen, die so geführt sind, daß sie in Schwellenmitte in einer vertikalen Ebene V-V übereinanderliegen (Fig. 4) und sich zu den Schwellenenden 5, 5′ hin strahlenförmig ausbreiten. Ihre Endverankerungen 6 sind gleichmäßig über die Fläche des vorzugsweise trapezförmigen Querschnitts an den Schwellenenden 5, 5′ verteilt (Fig. 3). Diese Anordnung erlaubt die Ausbildung eines sehr schlanken Mittelteils 3 unter Einhaltung ausreichender Betonüberdeckung (Fig. 4).The tensioning elements 4 consist of individual steel rods, wires or strands, which are guided so that they lie one above the other in a vertical plane V-V in the middle of the threshold (FIG. 4) and spread out radially towards the threshold ends 5, 5 '. Your end anchorages 6 are evenly distributed over the surface of the preferably trapezoidal cross-section at the threshold ends 5, 5 '(Fig. 3). This arrangement allows the formation of a very slim middle part 3 while maintaining sufficient concrete coverage (Fig. 4).

Die in Fig. 1 erkennbare Geometrie der strahlenförmig verlaufenden Spannelemente 4 erlaubt keine zur vertikalen Mittellinie des Querschnitts V-V symmetrische Anordnung. Werden nämlich die bei Spannbetonschwellen üblichen Bedingungen eingehalten, daß durch die Vorspannung keine horizontal wirkenden Biegemomente und keine Torsionsmomente entstehen dürfen, weil diese zu unerwünschten Verformungen und Verdrehungen der Schwelle führen würden, so bleiben nur einige wenige Möglichkeiten für die Verteilung der Endverankerungen 6 an den Schwellenenden 5, deren wichtigste in den Fig. 3 und 5 dargestellt sind.The geometry of the radiation, which can be seen in FIG extending clamping elements 4 does not allow an arrangement symmetrical to the vertical center line of the cross-section VV. If the usual conditions for prestressed concrete sleepers are met, that the prestressing must not result in any horizontal bending moments and no torsional moments, because these would lead to undesirable deformations and twists of the sleeper, so there are only a few options for distributing the end anchorages 6 at the sleeper ends 5, the most important of which are shown in FIGS. 3 and 5.

Die Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen die Zusammenfassung von jeweils zwei Spannelementen 4a, 4b und 4c, 4d zu jeweils einem Spannelementpaar. Die Spannelemente 4a, 4b bzw. 4c, 4d eines jeden Spannelementpaares besitzen jeweils gleich große, aber gegensinnig verlaufende Neigung in Bezug auf die Schwellenlängsachse L-L (Fig. 1) und verlaufen in zueinander parallelen horizontalen Ebenen (Fig, 2 und 3). Die Neigungen zueinander und die Abstände der jeweils ein Paar bildenden Spannelemente 4a, 4b bzw. 4c, 4d voneinander sind so gewählt, daß keine Torsionsmomente auftreten. Die Endverankerungen 6 sind an beiden Schwellenenden 5, 5′ in gleicher Weise angeordnet.2 and 3 show the combination of two clamping elements 4a, 4b and 4c, 4d to form a pair of clamping elements. The tensioning elements 4a, 4b and 4c, 4d of each pair of tensioning elements each have an inclination of the same size but in opposite directions with respect to the longitudinal axis L-L (FIG. 1) and run in horizontal planes parallel to one another (FIGS. 2 and 3). The inclinations to one another and the distances between the clamping elements 4a, 4b and 4c, 4d, which form a pair, are selected such that no torsional moments occur. The end anchors 6 are arranged on both threshold ends 5, 5 'in the same way.

In einer der Fig. 3 entsprechenden Darstellung ist in Fig. 5 noch angedeutet, wie die ein Paar bildenden Spannelemente 4c und 4d auch jeweils zwischen den das andere Paar bildenden Spannelementen 4a und 4b angeordnet sein können, um das Entstehen von Torsionsmomenten zu vermeiden.In an illustration corresponding to FIG. 3, it is also indicated in FIG. 5 how the clamping elements 4c and 4d forming a pair can also be arranged between the clamping elements 4a and 4b forming the other pair in order to avoid the generation of torsional moments.

Ausgehend von diesen beiden grundlegenden Ausführungsformen mit jeweils vier einzelnen geraden Spannelementen 4 lassen sich je nach Bedarf und Belastung durch Vervielfachung der Spannelemente 4 noch weitere andere Möglichkeiten für die Verteilung der Endverankerungen 6 schaffen. Auch die Einfügung einzelner, in der vertikalen Ebene V-V liegender und parallel zur Schwellenlängsachse L-L verlaufender Spannelemente ist möglich.Starting from these two basic embodiments, each with four individual straight tensioning elements 4, depending on the need and load, by multiplying the tensioning elements 4, further other possibilities for the distribution of the end anchorages 6 can be created. Also the insertion of individual ones lying in the vertical plane VV and tensioning elements running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sleeper LL is possible.

Um die Anzahl der Endverankerungen zu verringern ist es bei Spannbetonschwellen bekannt, haarnadelförmige Bewehrungselemente zu verwenden, die man sich dadurch entstanden denken kann, daß jeweils zwei gerade Spannelemente an einem Ende durch ein gekrümmtes Teil zu einer Montageeinheit verbunden sind. In den Fig. 6 bis 9 ist eine Spannbetonschwelle dargestellt, deren Schwellenkörper 11 wiederum zwei breite, durch ein schlankes Mittelteil 13 verbundene Auflagerkörper 12, 12′ aufweist und mit in dieser Weise zu Haarnadeln verbundenen Spannelementen 14 bewehrt ist. Dabei ist, ähnlich wie in Fig. 5, die Anordnung so getroffen, daß jeweils zwei Spannelemente 14a und 14b bzw. 14c und 14d ein Paar bilden, hier jedoch an einem Ende durch jeweils eine Schlaufe 17 miteinander verbunden sind. Die Ankerschlaufen 17 sollen möglichst rechtwinklig zueinander liegen, um die aus der Kraftumlenkung entstehenden Spaltzugkräfte zu verringern (Fig. 8). Aus den Fig. 6 und 7 läßt sich die Lage der schlaufenartigen Umlenkstellen 17 am Schwellenende 15′ ersehen. Die Fig. 8 und 9 zeigen den Verlauf der Spannelemente 14 im Schwellenquerschnitt über die Länge der Schwelle und die Anordnung der Verankerungen am Schwellenende 15.In order to reduce the number of end anchors, it is known to use hairpin-shaped reinforcement elements in prestressed concrete sleepers, which can be imagined that two straight tension elements are connected at one end by a curved part to form an assembly unit. 6 to 9, a prestressed concrete sleeper is shown, the sleeper body 11 in turn has two broad support bodies 12, 12 'connected by a slim central part 13 and is reinforced with tension elements 14 connected in this way to hairpins. 5, the arrangement is such that in each case two tensioning elements 14a and 14b or 14c and 14d form a pair, but here are connected to one another at each end by a loop 17. The anchor loops 17 should be at right angles to one another in order to reduce the splitting tensile forces arising from the force deflection (FIG. 8). 6 and 7, the position of the loop-like deflection points 17 at the threshold end 15 'can be seen. 8 and 9 show the course of the tensioning elements 14 in the sleeper cross-section over the length of the sleeper and the arrangement of the anchors at the sleeper end 15.

Claims (4)

  1. A prestressed concrete railway sleeper having a monolithic sleeper body (1, 11) comprising two support bodies (2, 2′, 12, 12′) carrying the fastening members for the rails and a central part (3) which connects said support bodies and which is of smaller cross-section than the support bodies (2, 2′ and 12, 12′), wherein the reinforcement of the sleeper body (1, 11) comprises individual tensioning elements (4, 14) in the form of steel rods, wires or strands which cross one another in the centre of the sleeper in a vertical plane (V-V) and from here extend radially in a straight line towards the sleeper ends (5, 5′, 15, 15′), where they have end anchorings (6) in the form of anchor members, an adhesive bond or merely loops (17) provided at one sleeper end, which are uniformly spaced apart over the cross-sectional surfaces of the sleeper ends (5, 5′, 15, 15′).
  2. A prestressed concrete sleeper according to Claim 1, characterised in that two tensioning elements (4a, 4b and 4c, 4d), which are inclined at the same angle but in a direction counter to the sleeper axis and which extend in mutually parallel planes, respectively form one pair of tensioning elements.
  3. A prestressed concrete sleeper according to Claim 2, characterised in that at least two pairs of tensioning elements (4a, 4b and 4c, 4d) are respectively disposed one above the other.
  4. A prestressed concrete sleeper according to Claim 2, characterised in that in each case one pair of tensioning elements (4c, 4d) is disposed between the tensioning elements (4a, 4b) forming another pair of tensioning elements.
EP89117094A 1988-09-24 1989-09-15 Prestressed concrete railway sleeper Expired - Lifetime EP0361227B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89117094T ATE81691T1 (en) 1988-09-24 1989-09-15 PRE-PRESSED CONCRETE RAILWAY SLEEPER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3832504A DE3832504A1 (en) 1988-09-24 1988-09-24 RAILWAY SLEEPER FROM PRESSURE CONCRETE
DE3832504 1988-09-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0361227A2 EP0361227A2 (en) 1990-04-04
EP0361227A3 EP0361227A3 (en) 1990-06-20
EP0361227B1 true EP0361227B1 (en) 1992-10-21

Family

ID=6363648

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89117094A Expired - Lifetime EP0361227B1 (en) 1988-09-24 1989-09-15 Prestressed concrete railway sleeper

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EP (1) EP0361227B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE81691T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3832504A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2036011T3 (en)
MX (1) MX172187B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9238891B1 (en) 2014-07-01 2016-01-19 Sumacano Real Estate Llc High strength, integrally pre-stressed monoblock concrete crosstie with optimal geometry for use in ballasted railways

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5135164A (en) * 1990-09-07 1992-08-04 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Aktiengesellschaft Prestressed concrete railroad tie
DE4203895C2 (en) * 1992-02-11 1996-08-29 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Device for producing prefabricated components from prestressed concrete with immediate bond, in particular prestressed concrete sleepers
DE4344253A1 (en) * 1993-12-23 1995-06-29 Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh Sleeper for use on railway line
DE9411341U1 (en) * 1994-07-13 1994-09-15 Pfleiderer Verkehrstechnik Monoblock threshold
CN103334350B (en) * 2013-07-16 2015-08-12 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 A kind of prestressed reinforced concrete tie, track plates thread rolling scale helix rib steel wire

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR960117A (en) * 1950-04-13
CH37979A (en) * 1907-04-15 1907-10-15 Gottlieb Strahm Iron-reinforced concrete railway sleeper
FR680547A (en) * 1928-10-02 1930-05-01 Manufacturing process for reinforced concrete parts
CH213850A (en) * 1940-01-18 1941-03-31 Rueping Max Reinforced concrete sleeper.
DE803728C (en) * 1950-01-18 1951-04-09 Ludwig Jubitz Dipl Ing Method for pre-stressing reinforced concrete straps
DE937827C (en) * 1954-03-28 1956-01-19 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Reinforced concrete railway sleeper
DE1247188B (en) * 1962-03-16 1967-08-10 Emch & Berger Ingenieurbuero G Method for producing prestressed concrete sleepers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9238891B1 (en) 2014-07-01 2016-01-19 Sumacano Real Estate Llc High strength, integrally pre-stressed monoblock concrete crosstie with optimal geometry for use in ballasted railways
US9890503B2 (en) 2014-07-01 2018-02-13 Gutanna Innovative Concrete And Technologies, Llc High strength, integrally pre-stressed monoblock concrete crosstie with optimal geometry for use in ballasted railways

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2036011T3 (en) 1993-05-01
DE3832504A1 (en) 1990-04-05
EP0361227A3 (en) 1990-06-20
ATE81691T1 (en) 1992-11-15
DE3832504C2 (en) 1991-12-12
MX172187B (en) 1993-12-07
EP0361227A2 (en) 1990-04-04

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