EP0359668A1 - Security device for wings - Google Patents
Security device for wings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0359668A1 EP0359668A1 EP89402523A EP89402523A EP0359668A1 EP 0359668 A1 EP0359668 A1 EP 0359668A1 EP 89402523 A EP89402523 A EP 89402523A EP 89402523 A EP89402523 A EP 89402523A EP 0359668 A1 EP0359668 A1 EP 0359668A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- levers
- safety
- leaves
- yoke
- lock
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C1/00—Fastening devices with bolts moving rectilinearly
- E05C1/02—Fastening devices with bolts moving rectilinearly without latching action
- E05C1/04—Fastening devices with bolts moving rectilinearly without latching action with operating handle or equivalent member rigid with the bolt
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C19/00—Other devices specially designed for securing wings, e.g. with suction cups
- E05C19/003—Locking bars, cross bars, security bars
- E05C19/005—Locking bars, cross bars, security bars pivoted about an axis on the wing, perpendicular to the plane of the wing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a safety device, intended to reinforce the closing of leaves.
- a closing bar pivots about an axis parallel to the pedestal of the opening, an axis defined by hinges.
- the movable blades of these hinges are fixed to the closing bar and the fixed blades are secured to the free edge of one of the two leaves.
- a small lever pivots, at one end, around a small axis, parallel to the width of the pedestal, fixed on the closing bar, about halfway up the leaves, the other end of the lever being intended to come lean on a U- shaped support, fixed on the inside of the second leaf.
- the leaves and the closing bar are pivoted until they are in a plane parallel to the plane of the bay; the two ends of the closing bar come to bear, by the lower end, against a stop fixed on the shelf of support, and, for the upper end, against a stop fixed on the upper sleeper, so that the plane of each of the stops is found between the plane of the closing bar and the plane of the leaves, then engaging the free end of the small lever in the aforementioned U , the two leaves are then immobilized.
- the two levers are kept nested horizontally by means of articulated hooks and retained against the wings by means of a locking finger secured to the lever and of a corresponding recess produced in the heel of the profile constituting the upper lever.
- a locking finger secured to the lever and of a corresponding recess produced in the heel of the profile constituting the upper lever.
- Such a device can only be applied to leaves closing by means of a cremone bolt and whose height relative to the width is sufficient to allow, given their overlap, the folding of the levers against the doorway.
- Added to this is the fact that the surface mounting of the lugs at the end levers force to abnormally shift the articulation of these relative to the embrasure, thus restricting the width of the latter and giving it a certain unsightly appearance.
- the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks.
- the invention as characterized in the claims solves the problem of creating a device for reinforcing the closure of leaf wings, combining both the guarantee of increased security against break-ins and the simplicity of and storage.
- the safety device for leaves according to the invention is mainly characterized in that the safety levers comprise, at their free end, an axial recess in which penetrates the end of a bolt ensuring the temporary transverse joining of the two levers and in that said levers are temporarily attached to the leaves by supports forming a yoke.
- the safety levers are made up of elements of tubular profile, one end of which is flattened to form a hinge eyelet and the other of which serves as a housing for the lock.
- the lock consists of a section of section, section and dimension corresponding to those of the core of the tubular section used to make the safety levers, comprising an external lug allowing the operation and limiting the penetration into the recess of the safety levers.
- the external lug allowing the operation and limiting the penetration of the lock into the recess of the safety levers is located at a distance D , from the end of the lock ensuring the locking, a little less than the distance X separating the free ends of the two safety levers when these are aligned.
- the supports forming a yoke consist of a metal blade, one part of which has been 90 ° back-folded and the other part of which is fixed to the corresponding leaf by means of screws.
- the tubular profile used to make the safety levers is cylindrical.
- FIG. 1 The figures representing a window bay 1 closed by two leaves 2,3, pivoting around hinges (not visible).
- the fixed parts of the hinges are secured to the pedestals of said bay 1 and the mobile parts are fixed to the leaves 2,3.
- This device implements, on each leaf, a safety lever 50, a metal part, one of the ends 51 of which has a slot 6 of oblong shape, intended for the passage of an axis 7 carried by a yoke 8 , fixed on the pedestal 4 of bay 1, by means of two screws 9 , and the other end 52 of which has an axial cylindrical recess 10 , intended to partially accommodate a sliding part forming a lock 110 ; the same lock 110 is engaged in the two recesses to ensure the lateral connection of the two levers 50 .
- These safety levers 50 are stopped, in their rotation about the axis 7 , by supports 120 fixed on the inner face of the leaves 2.3 at the same height as the yoke 8 .
- These lever supports 120 consist of a metal blade, one part 121 of which is fixed by screws 13 to the leaves 2.3 and the other part 122 of which has been slightly counter-folded at 90 °, so as to create a space between the support 120 and the leaf 2, intended to receive the safety levers 50 .
- the recess 10 of said safety levers 50 allows the bolt 110 to slide, the function of which is to secure the two levers 50 and, thus, to immobilize the two leaves completely by means of the supports 120 .
- This latch 110 comprises, on its surface, a lug 15 , intended, on the one hand, to facilitate its operation and, on the other hand, to prevent complete penetration inside the cylindrical recess 10 of one levers 50 .
- This lug 15 is located at a distance D from the end 111 of the latch 110 a little less than the distance X separating the free ends of the two safety levers when the latter are aligned.
- FIG. 2 a device of the invention is shown partially, in a position of non-use.
- the latch 110 in order to release it from one of the recesses 10 , then to pivot the levers 50 around the axis 7 until 'They are parallel to a longitudinal direction of the pedestal 4 ; in this position, the light 6 , formed in the end of each lever 50 , guides these same levers in translation downward under their own weight until the axis 7 comes into contact with the other end of the light 6 , which then serves as a stop.
- the lower end of the safety levers 50 blocks the rotation of the lever around the axis 7 by bracing and thus allows the device to be placed in the standby position without having to dismantle it, with sufficient erasure. .
- a simplified version of the device can be envisaged by reducing the number of levers 50 to a single one and by engaging the end of the latch 110 in an orifice drilled in the opposite jamb.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de sécurité, destiné à renforcer la fermeture de vantaux.The present invention relates to a safety device, intended to reinforce the closing of leaves.
On connaît des dispositifs de solidarisation en position fermée de battants de volets, dans lesquels une barre de sécurité est maintenue horizontalement, à mi-hauteur des battants, par des supports de barre, fixés sur la face intérieure de chaque battant. Dans ces dispositifs, les deux extrémités de la barre de fermeture sont conformées en équerre, et les surfaces intérieures de chacune des ailes desdites équerres viennent en appui contre une des faces du dormant.Known fastening devices in the closed position of shutter flaps, in which a safety bar is held horizontally, halfway up the flaps, by bar supports, fixed on the inner face of each leaf. In these devices, the two ends of the closure bar are square-shaped, and the interior surfaces of each of the wings of said brackets bear against one of the faces of the frame.
On connaît également des dispositifs de solidarisation de battants, dans lesquels une barre de fermeture pivote autour d'un axe parallèle au piédroit de l'ouverture, axe défini par des charnières. Les lames mobiles de ces charnières sont fixées à la barre de fermeture et les lames fixes sont solidarisées à la bordure libre d'un des deux battants. Un petit levier pivote, à l'une des extrémités, autour d'un petit axe, parallèle à la largeur du piédroit, fixé sur la barre de fermeture, environ à mi-hauteur des battants l'autre extrémité du levier étant destinée à venir prendre appui sur un support en forme de U, fixé sur la face intérieure du second battant.There are also known devices for securing leaves, in which a closing bar pivots about an axis parallel to the pedestal of the opening, an axis defined by hinges. The movable blades of these hinges are fixed to the closing bar and the fixed blades are secured to the free edge of one of the two leaves. A small lever pivots, at one end, around a small axis, parallel to the width of the pedestal, fixed on the closing bar, about halfway up the leaves, the other end of the lever being intended to come lean on a U- shaped support, fixed on the inside of the second leaf.
Ainsi, lors de la fermeture des battants, on fait pivoter les battants et la barre de fermeture jusqu'à ce qu'ils se retrouvent dans un plan parallèle au plan de la baie ; les deux extrémités de la barre de fermeture viennent en appui, par l'extrémité inférieure, contre une butée fixée sur la tablette d'appui, et, pour l'extrémité supérieure, contre une butée fixée sur la traverse dormante supérieure, de manière à ce que le plan de chacune des butées se retrouve entre le plan de la barre de fermeture et le plan des battants, puis on engage l'extrémité libre du petit levier dans le U précité, les deux battants sont alors immobilisés.Thus, when the leaves are closed, the leaves and the closing bar are pivoted until they are in a plane parallel to the plane of the bay; the two ends of the closing bar come to bear, by the lower end, against a stop fixed on the shelf of support, and, for the upper end, against a stop fixed on the upper sleeper, so that the plane of each of the stops is found between the plane of the closing bar and the plane of the leaves, then engaging the free end of the small lever in the aforementioned U , the two leaves are then immobilized.
Or, ces dispositifs connus ne garantissent pas une sécurité suffisante contre l'ouverture indésirée des battants de l'extérieur des bâtiments.However, these known devices do not guarantee sufficient security against the unwanted opening of the leaves from the outside of buildings.
On connaît déjà un dispositif de sécurité pour vantaux correspondant au préambule de la revendication 1 (Brevet d'invention de la république française n° 1.114.914). Il est constitué de deux leviers, réalisés dans un profilé en U, articulés chacun par rapport au piédroit de l'embrasure par l'intermédiaire d'une chape, comportant un axe d'articulation, et d'un trou de forme oblongue, dont l'extrémité libre comporte un taquet de forme parallélépipédique venant se loger entre les ailes du profilé constituant le levier opposé, compte-tenu qu'un certain recouvrement des extrémités des deux leviers a été prévu pour ce faire . Les deux leviers sont maintenus imbriqués horizontalement par l'intermédiaire de crochets articulés et retenus contre les battants par l'intermédiaire d'un doigt de verrouillage solidaire de la crémone et d'un embrèvement correspondant réalisé dans le talon du profilé constituant le levier supérieur. Un tel dispositif ne peut s'appliquer qu'à des vantaux se fermant par l'intermédiaire d'une crémone et dont la hauteur par rapport à la largeur est suffisante pour permettre, compte-tenu de leur recouvrement, le repli des leviers contre l'embrasure des vantaux. A cela s'ajoute le fait que le montage en saillie des taquets à l'extrémité des leviers oblige à décaler anormalement l'articulation de ceux-ci par rapport à l'embrasure, restreignant ainsi la largeur de celle-ci et lui conférant un aspect inesthétique certain.There is already known a safety device for leaves corresponding to the preamble of claim 1 (Patent of invention of the French Republic No. 1,114,914 ). It consists of two levers, produced in a U- shaped profile, each articulated relative to the pedestal of the doorway by means of a yoke, comprising a hinge pin, and an oblong hole, of which the free end comprises a cleat of parallelepipedal shape which is received between the wings of the profile constituting the opposite lever, taking into account that a certain overlap of the ends of the two levers has been provided for this. The two levers are kept nested horizontally by means of articulated hooks and retained against the wings by means of a locking finger secured to the lever and of a corresponding recess produced in the heel of the profile constituting the upper lever. Such a device can only be applied to leaves closing by means of a cremone bolt and whose height relative to the width is sufficient to allow, given their overlap, the folding of the levers against the doorway. Added to this is the fact that the surface mounting of the lugs at the end levers force to abnormally shift the articulation of these relative to the embrasure, thus restricting the width of the latter and giving it a certain unsightly appearance.
La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients. L'invention telle qu'elle est caractérisée dans les revendications résout le problème consistant à créer un dispositif de renforcement de la fermeture de battants de vantaux, combinant, à la fois, la garantie d'une sécurité accrue contre les effractions et une simplicité d'utilisation et de rangement.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks. The invention as characterized in the claims solves the problem of creating a device for reinforcing the closure of leaf wings, combining both the guarantee of increased security against break-ins and the simplicity of and storage.
Le dispositif de sécurité pour vantaux selon l'invention se caractérise principalement en ce que les leviers de sécurité comportent, à leur extrémité libre, un évidement axial dans lequel pénètre l'extrémité d'un verrou assurant la solidarisation transversale temporaire des deux leviers et en ce que lesdits leviers sont solidarisés temporairement aux battants par des supports formant chape .The safety device for leaves according to the invention is mainly characterized in that the safety levers comprise, at their free end, an axial recess in which penetrates the end of a bolt ensuring the temporary transverse joining of the two levers and in that said levers are temporarily attached to the leaves by supports forming a yoke.
Les leviers de sécurité sont constitués d'éléments de profilé tubulaire dont l'une des extrémités est aplatie pour former un oeilleton d'articulation et dont l'autre sert de logement au verrou.The safety levers are made up of elements of tubular profile, one end of which is flattened to form a hinge eyelet and the other of which serves as a housing for the lock.
Le verrou est constitué d'un tronçon de profilé, de section et de dimension correspondant à celles de l'ame du profilé tubulaire utilisé pour réaliser les leviers de sécurité, comportant un ergot extérieur permettant la manoeuvre et limitant la pénétration dans l'évidement des leviers de sécurité.The lock consists of a section of section, section and dimension corresponding to those of the core of the tubular section used to make the safety levers, comprising an external lug allowing the operation and limiting the penetration into the recess of the safety levers.
L'ergot extérieur permettant la manoeuvre et limitant la pénétration du verrou dans l'évidement des leviers de sécurité est situé à une distance D, de l'extrémité du verrou assurant le verrouillage, un peu inférieure à la distance X séparant les extrémités libres des deux leviers de sécurité lorsque ceux-ci sont alignés.The external lug allowing the operation and limiting the penetration of the lock into the recess of the safety levers is located at a distance D , from the end of the lock ensuring the locking, a little less than the distance X separating the free ends of the two safety levers when these are aligned.
Les supports formant chape sont constitués d'une lame métallique dont une partie a été contre-pliée à 90° et dont l'autre partie est fixée au battant correspondant par l'intermédiaire de vis.The supports forming a yoke consist of a metal blade, one part of which has been 90 ° back-folded and the other part of which is fixed to the corresponding leaf by means of screws.
Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention, le profilé tubulaire utilisé pour réaliser les leviers de sécurité est cylindrique.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tubular profile used to make the safety levers is cylindrical.
Les avantages obtenus, grâce à cette invention consistent essentiellement en ceci que les éléments du dispositif de sécurité peuvent être réalisés à partir de profilés métalliques standard en utilisant des moyens courants de l'industrie de la métallurgie et en ce qu'ils peuvent être montés et manoeuvrés aisément sans faire intervenir le moyen de fermeture habituel des vantaux.The advantages obtained, thanks to this invention consist essentially in that the elements of the safety device can be produced from standard metal profiles by using current means of the metallurgy industry and in that they can be mounted and maneuvered easily without involving the usual closing means of the leaves.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront dans la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif au regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels:
- - la figure 1 représente une vue partielle, de face, d'un dispositif d'immobilisation de battants, conforme à l'invention, mis en oeuvre sur des volets constitués de panneaux de bois,
- - la figure 2 représente une vue partielle, de face, d'un dispositif selon l'invention dans une position dite de non-utilisation.
- FIG. 1 represents a partial front view of a shutter immobilization device according to the invention, used on shutters made of wooden panels,
- - Figure 2 shows a partial front view of a device according to the invention in a so-called non-use position.
Les figures représentant une baie de fenêtre 1 close par deux battants 2,3, pivotant autour de gonds (non visibles). Les parties fixes des pentures sont solidarisées aux piédroits de ladite baie 1 et les parties mobiles sont fixées sur les battants 2,3. The figures representing a window bay 1 closed by two
Ces deux battants 2,3 sont maintenus dans la position fermée, grâce à un dispositif de solidarisation conforme à l'invention. Ce dispositif met en oeuvre, sur chaque battant, un levier de sécurité 50, pièce métallique dont l'une des extrémités 51 comporte une lumière 6 de forme oblongue, destinée au passage d'un axe 7 porté par une chape 8, fixée sur le piédroit 4 de la baie 1, au moyen de deux vis 9, et dont l'autre extrémité 52 comporte un évidement cylindrique axial 10, destiné à loger partiellement une pièce coulissante formant un verrou 110 ; le même verrou 110 est engagé dans les deux évidements pour assurer la solidarisation latérale des deux leviers 50.These two
Ces leviers de sécurité 50 sont arrêtés, dans leur rotation autour de l'axe 7, par des supports 120 fixés sur la face intérieure des battants 2,3 à la même hauteur que la chape 8. Ces supports de leviers 120 sont constitués d'une lame métallique dont une partie 121 est fixée par vis 13 aux battants 2,3 et dont l'autre partie 122 a été légèrement contre-pliée à 90°, de manière à créer un espace entre le support 120 et le battant 2, destiné à recevoir les leviers de sécurité 50.These
L'évidement 10 desdits leviers de sécurité 50, permet le coulissement du verrou 110, dont la fonction est de solidariser les deux leviers 50 et, ainsi, d'immobiliser complètement les deux battants par l'intermédiaire des supports 120. Ce verrou 110 comporte, sur sa surface, un ergot 15, destiné, d'une part, à faciliter sa manoeuvre et, d'autre part, à empêcher une pénétration complète à l'intérieur de l'évidement cylindrique 10 de l'un des leviers 50. Cet ergot 15 est situé à une distance D de l'extrémité 111 du verrou 110 un peu inférieure à la distance X séparant les extrémités libres des deux leviers de sécurité lorsque ceux-ci sont alignés.The recess 10 of said
On notera qu'une seule partie du dispositif a été représentée et qu'il faut considérer l'autre partie comme étant identique à la première.Note that only one part of the device has been shown and that the other part must be considered to be identical to the first.
Sur la figure 2, un dispositif de l'invention est représenté partiellement, dans une position de non-utilisation. En effet, lorsque l'on veut ouvrir les battants, il suffit de faire coulisser le verrou 110 afin de le dégager de l'un des évidements 10, puis de faire pivoter les leviers 50 autour de l'axe 7 jusqu'à ce qu'ils soient parallèles à une direction longitudinale du piédroit 4; dans cette position, la lumière 6, ménagée dans l'extrémité de chaque levier 50, guide en translation vers le bas ces mêmes leviers sous leur propre poids jusqu'à ce que l'axe 7 vienne en contact avec l'autre extrémité de la lumière 6, qui sert alors de butée. Dans cette position, l'extrémité inférieure des leviers de sécurité 50 bloque la rotation du levier autour de l'axe 7 par arc-boutement et permet ainsi une mise en position d'attente du dispositif sans recourir à son démontage, avec un effacement suffisant.In FIG. 2, a device of the invention is shown partially, in a position of non-use. In fact, when it is desired to open the leaves, it suffices to slide the
Lors d'une réutilisation, il suffira d'exercer une traction vers le haut sur les leviers 50 pour amener la lumière 6 en butée opposée, puis de faire pivoter lesdits leviers 50 pour obtenir la remise en service du dispositif d'immobilisation, en procédant comme il a été indiqué plus haut. On comprend que le dispositif n'est pas réservé uniquement à renforcer la fermeture d'un ventail à deux battants, mais qu'il est directement adaptable aux vantaux à un seul battant.When reusing, it will suffice to exert an upward pull on the
Bien que l'on ait décrit et représenté une forme particulière de réalisation de l'invention, il doit être compris que celle-ci ne doit pas être limitée à cette forme et à ces moyens, mais qu'elle s'étend à tous les dispositifs d'immobilisation de battants et à d'autres sortes de vantaux, comportant les caractéristiques générales énoncées ci-dessus.Although a particular embodiment of the invention has been described and represented, it should be understood that it should not be limited to this form and to these means, but that it extends to all devices for securing leaves and other kinds of leaves, having the general characteristics set out above.
Par ailleurs, une version simplifiée du dispositif peut être envisagée en réduisant le nombre de leviers 50 à un seul et en engageant l'extrémité du verrou 110 dans un orifice percé dans le jambage opposé.Furthermore, a simplified version of the device can be envisaged by reducing the number of
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8812229 | 1988-09-16 | ||
| FR8812229A FR2636663B1 (en) | 1988-09-16 | 1988-09-16 | SECURITY DEVICE FOR LEAVES |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0359668A1 true EP0359668A1 (en) | 1990-03-21 |
Family
ID=9370155
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89402523A Withdrawn EP0359668A1 (en) | 1988-09-16 | 1989-09-14 | Security device for wings |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0359668A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2636663B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230279704A1 (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2023-09-07 | George Shankool | Security Tube Assembly |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE329455C (en) * | 1919-07-22 | 1920-11-26 | Alfred Dose | Safety lock for doors with a door transversely protruding on the inside, hinged and rotatable on the door frame, hinged and released from the outside |
| DE338080C (en) * | 1920-08-11 | 1921-06-13 | Ludwig Sawatzki | Latch and safety device for doors, covers and. like |
| FR1114914A (en) * | 1954-09-29 | 1956-04-18 | Top and bottom safety lock | |
| FR2426788A1 (en) * | 1978-05-23 | 1979-12-21 | Lescher Henri | Draw-bolt for ledged and battened double door - uses hollow rectangular section bolt housing and staple, each set in L=section for fixing on rail |
| FR2592422A1 (en) * | 1986-01-02 | 1987-07-03 | Lelievre Martine | Safety device for an espangnolette for closing blinds |
-
1988
- 1988-09-16 FR FR8812229A patent/FR2636663B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-09-14 EP EP89402523A patent/EP0359668A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE329455C (en) * | 1919-07-22 | 1920-11-26 | Alfred Dose | Safety lock for doors with a door transversely protruding on the inside, hinged and rotatable on the door frame, hinged and released from the outside |
| DE338080C (en) * | 1920-08-11 | 1921-06-13 | Ludwig Sawatzki | Latch and safety device for doors, covers and. like |
| FR1114914A (en) * | 1954-09-29 | 1956-04-18 | Top and bottom safety lock | |
| FR2426788A1 (en) * | 1978-05-23 | 1979-12-21 | Lescher Henri | Draw-bolt for ledged and battened double door - uses hollow rectangular section bolt housing and staple, each set in L=section for fixing on rail |
| FR2592422A1 (en) * | 1986-01-02 | 1987-07-03 | Lelievre Martine | Safety device for an espangnolette for closing blinds |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230279704A1 (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2023-09-07 | George Shankool | Security Tube Assembly |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2636663B1 (en) | 1990-11-30 |
| FR2636663A1 (en) | 1990-03-23 |
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