Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents ; Methods for using cleaning compositions
  • C11D11/04—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents ; Methods for using cleaning compositions by chemical means, e.g. by sulfonating in the presence of other compounding ingredients followed by neutralising
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents ; Methods for using cleaning compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0034—Fixed on a solid conventional detergent ingredient

Definitions

• This invention relates to detergents, and more particularly, to free flowing, high active anionic detergents.
• High active detergents for the purposes of the present invention, may be defined as detergents comprising more than 12% active matter.
• Free flowing for the purposes of the present invention, may be defined as sufficiently mobile as to be capable of being poured or dispensed reproducably as a measured quantity.
• detergent powders exemplify certain characteristics, namely, the detergent powder should be non-dusty, free flowing, easily handled, easily dissolved and stable under normal storage conditions.
• a large proportion of the worldwide detergent market uses high foaming powder surfactants, most of which are based on anionic active matter ingredients.
• a further method of manufacture of detergents in powder form is by so called 'dry neutralisation'. Dry neutralisation and associated agglomeration is normally regarded as a three part process:
• a method of producing a free flowing, high active, anionic detergent comprising the step of adsorbing an anionic surfactant acid onto a powdered or granular material to form an agglomerate without the addition of water in the agglomeration stage.
• the powdered or granular detergent composition derived from this method suprisingly has a substantially uniform particle size and may comprise high levels of surfactant acid successfully exceeding the maximum surfactant acid content of the prior art.
• a free flowing, high active, anionic powdered or granular detergent composition comprising an anionic surfactant acid adsorped onto a powdered or granular material, said detergent composition having a particle size distribution substantially within the range from 248 microns to 1752 microns.
• a free flowing, high active, anionic, powdered or granular detergent composition comprising a surfactant acid adsorped onto a powdered or granular material the surfactant acid being present in the range from 12 to 40% by weight of the total composition and the powdered or granular material being present within the range from 20 to 50% by weight of the total composition.
• the anionic surfactant acid is adsorbed onto heated, dry, powdered, or granular material. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the anionic surfactant acid is adsorbed onto heated dry powdered or granular form preferably in a fluidised bed.
• the agglomerate so formed is then coated by the application of a silicate and/or alkali, preferably in a fluidised bed.
• a silicate and/or alkali preferably in a fluidised bed.
• the temperature of the inital part of the fluidised bed is preferably above 50°C and more preferably in the range from 85 to 95°C.
• Any suitable anionic surfactant acid may be used. Suitable examples of such are as follows: alkyl aryl sulphonic acids, fatty acid sulphonic acids, olefin sulphonic acids, fatty alcohol ether sulphuric acid, fatty methyl ester sulphonic acid, alkane sulphonic acids. More particularly alkyl aryl sulphonic acids containing an alkyl group with 9-20 carbon atoms and a sulphonic acid or sulphuric acid ester group (included in the term alkyl is the alkyl portion of the aryl groups), or fatty acid sulphuric acids obtained by sulphating alcohols with 8-18 carbon atom chains.
• linear straight chain alkyl benzene sulphonic acids in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is from 11 to 13.
• the amount of anionic surfactant acid added is preferably in the range 12% to 40%, more preferably from 12% to 35% and even more preferably from 12% to 30% of the final product weight for weight.
• the powdered or granular material may comprise any suitable alkali, or alkalies, alone, or in combination with other additional ingredients.
• suitable alkalies are as follows: Sodium phosphates, for example sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium silicate or other similar alkalies including potassium or magnesium salts.
• the amount of alkali is preferably in the range 10% to 95% and more preferably 60% to 95% final product weight for weight.
• Additional ingredients may include the following: bleaching agents for example Sodium Perborate, corrosion inhibitors or alkaline additives, for example, Sodium Silicates, inert fillers, for example Sodium Sulphate, surfactants, optical brighteners, preventors of soil redeposition, (for example, sodium carboxy-methyl cellulose,) dedusting agents and solubilisers, such as sodium xylene sulphonate, enzymes, chelating agents, perfumes, softening agents, defoamers, bleach activators, soap, and non ionic active material.
• bleaching agents for example Sodium Perborate, corrosion inhibitors or alkaline additives, for example, Sodium Silicates, inert fillers, for example Sodium Sulphate, surfactants, optical brighteners, preventors of soil redeposition, (for example, sodium carboxy-methyl cellulose,) dedusting agents and solubilisers, such as sodium xylene sulphonate, enzymes, chelating agents, perfumes,
• Any suitable apparatus may be used, but this may have to be adapted to run under the appropriate conditions so as to maintain dry conditions during the agglomeration stage. Examples of such apparatus are as follows:
• Sample powdered or granular detergents derived from this method exhibit the following characteristics: Particle Size no more than 3% by weight of the particles are larger than 1700 microns no more than 1% by weight of the particles are less than 250 microns average particle size 1100 to 1300 microns
• Bulk density untapped 600-720 gm/ml tapped: 730-830 gm/ml moisture content : less than 4% W/W angle of repose average: 37 to 38°C with minimum 36° maximum 41° sliding angle : minimum 25° maximum 28° flowrate : 30-41 cc/sec through standard orifice. compressibility : 7-15%
• composition of anionic detergent granulate
• the detergent composition comprises 5 to 40% preferably 10 to 35% and more preferably 12 to 30% by weight of the final composition of an anionic surfactant acid for example Sodium alkyl aryl sulphate.
• the detergent composition comprises 20 to 50% preferably 25 to 45% and more preferably 30 to 40% by weight of the final composition of the powdered or granular material such as the alkaline material sodium tripolyphoshphate.
• the detergent composition may also comprise any of the optical ingredients listed on page 5 including for example any of the following: soda ash, sodium sulphate, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, optical bleaches, sequestering agents, sodium silicates etc.
• the angle of repose is defined as the angle from the horizontal to the line of slope of a heap of powder, the heap having been formed by directing powder through a funnel into the centre of a circular horizontal surface. The funnel is slowly raised to allow the heap to form immediately beneath it.
• the flow rate of the powder is defined as the rate in cubic centimetres per second that will flow through a 1.25cm diameter orifice with a smooth PVC funnel expanding at 10° to the vertical above the orifice.
• the angle of slide is defined as the minimum angle between the horizontal and an inclined surface when a powder slides by gravity en masse down that surface, the surface being a smooth, wooden unpolished medium.
• the powder is scattered as a layer no more than 20mm deep on the surface. The surface is raised slowly until the sliding condition is achieved
• the compressibility of the powder is defined as the percentage of initial volume lost when a sample is subjected to a compressive load, the compressive load being provided by a 10Kg weight which is applied to a cylinder of powder of 69mm diameter for a period of 3 minutes.
• LIQUID 1 Do Decyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid (DDBSA) at a spray rate of 390g/min.
• LIQUID 2. A solution comprising % W/W a) Sodium Silicate (2:1 SiO2:Na2O) 40.00 b) Pigment blue 15:1 (46% Dispersion 0.18 c) Tetra sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid 3.66 d) Water 56.16
• the product was a dust free, free flowing granular agglomerate.
• composition of the two liquids sprayed along the fluidised bed was as in EXAMPLE 1.
• LIQUID 1 was applied at a spray rate of 600g/min.
• LIQUID 2 was applied at a spray rate of 390g/min
• alkyl aryl sulphonic and silicate solultion equated to a combined percentage liquid addition of 35.0% W/W.
• the powder produced was a dust free, free flowing granular agglomerate.
• the method enabled a liquid addition of 35.0% W/W to the fluid bed which is comfortably in excess of the limit of 20% imposed by known methods.
• Active matter content was as high as 23.9%, which is almost twice the maximum amount of 12% of active matter achieved by known methods, utilising a fluid bed apparatus.
• the present invention provides a cost efficient method of producing a high active, non-dusty, free flowing, stable anionic detergent powder which may be easily handled and easily stored.

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Cited By (19)

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Citations (3)

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• 1988
  • 1988-08-05 GB GB888818613A patent/GB8818613D0/en active Pending
• 1989
  • 1989-07-28 MY MYPI89001029A patent/MY105001A/en unknown
  • 1989-07-31 IN IN675DE1989 patent/IN176172B/en unknown
  • 1989-07-31 WO PCT/GB1989/000873 patent/WO1990001536A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1989-07-31 CA CA000607122A patent/CA1323278C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1989-07-31 EP EP89307771A patent/EP0353976B1/de not_active Revoked
  • 1989-07-31 KR KR1019900700616A patent/KR920009044B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1989-07-31 ES ES89307771T patent/ES2047677T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1989-07-31 DE DE89307771T patent/DE68911053T2/de not_active Revoked
  • 1989-07-31 AT AT89307771T patent/ATE97951T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1989-07-31 EP EP89909029A patent/EP0404865A1/de active Pending
  • 1989-08-04 NZ NZ230218A patent/NZ230218A/xx unknown
  • 1989-08-04 IE IE253089A patent/IE63797B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1989-08-04 PT PT91386A patent/PT91386A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1995
  • 1995-03-30 HK HK48495A patent/HK48495A/xx unknown

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