EP0353491B1 - Installation for burning special waste - Google Patents

Installation for burning special waste Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0353491B1
EP0353491B1 EP89112462A EP89112462A EP0353491B1 EP 0353491 B1 EP0353491 B1 EP 0353491B1 EP 89112462 A EP89112462 A EP 89112462A EP 89112462 A EP89112462 A EP 89112462A EP 0353491 B1 EP0353491 B1 EP 0353491B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
waste
installation
chamber
wall
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP89112462A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0353491A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Rudolf Zweifel
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ABB Immobilien AG
Alstom SA
Original Assignee
ABB Management AG
W and E Umwelttechnik AG
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Application filed by ABB Management AG, W and E Umwelttechnik AG filed Critical ABB Management AG
Priority to AT89112462T priority Critical patent/ATE95291T1/en
Publication of EP0353491A1 publication Critical patent/EP0353491A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/008—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor adapted for burning two or more kinds, e.g. liquid and solid, of waste being fed through separate inlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/16—Waste feed arrangements using chute
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/18—Waste feed arrangements using airlock systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/28—Plastics or rubber like materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/52001—Rotary drums with co-current flows of waste and gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/54401—Feeding waste in containers, bags or barrels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plant for the combustion of gaseous, liquid and solid hazardous waste according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Systems of this type are used to remove waste which is generated in particular in industry, in particular those of a toxic, pathogenic or flammable type.
  • DE-A-3 625 397 discloses a system of the generic type with an afterburner chamber which has a uniform rectangular cross section in the lower end region and the central region. To support the turbulence, the afterburning chamber tapers in the upper end area, so that the flow accelerates there and becomes more turbulent. Two burners are installed in the lower end area, each of which has a tangential component. These components cause eddy currents directed against each other, which cause thorough mixing in the chamber.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a generic afterburning chamber in such a way that the residence time in it is as long as possible.
  • the invention provides an afterburning chamber in which a strong vortex flow is superimposed on the vertical flow, which ensures that the chamber is not left too quickly, but that long residence times result, even at relatively high flow velocities. This achieves a very good burnout, which above all ensures thorough removal of toxic substances.
  • the rotary kiln is also relieved, so that there is no throttling of the temperature and it can also be dimensioned somewhat smaller.
  • the incinerator comprises, as an essential part, a rotary kiln 1 and an afterburning chamber 2, in the latter of which the flue gases generated in the rotary kiln 1 during combustion of the waste are completely burned out.
  • the rotary kiln 1 has a water-cooled end wall 3 on the inlet side, on which a filling device 4 for solid waste 5 and barrels 6 is arranged.
  • Burner 7 and lances 8 are used to introduce liquid, flammable substances and sludge, polymerizing waste and, depending on the need, of auxiliary fuel;
  • Air nozzles 10 serve to introduce the primary combustion air.
  • the fixed end wall 3 closes off a rotary tube 11 which is supported on bearings 14 and whose speed can be adjusted by means of a drive 12 depending on the type of waste incinerated.
  • the outlet-side end of the rotary tube 11 is an opening 15 with an opening diameter corresponding to the diameter of the rotary tube, which projects through the wall of the afterburning chamber 2 into the lower part thereof.
  • Injection devices 16 for liquid waste, in particular aqueous waste without heating value and secondary air nozzles 17 and an additional auxiliary burner 18 are arranged in the afterburning chamber 2. With the support burner 18 it is ensured that the temperature required for the respective combustion process can be maintained; it is therefore only in operation temporarily.
  • the afterburning chamber 2 is intended to ensure that all substances which have not yet reacted in the rotary tube are completely burned. This afterburning is supported by the secondary air introduced by means of the secondary air nozzles 17. The secondary air has to compensate for the temperature profiles in the afterburning chamber.
  • the gases burned out in the afterburning chamber 2 leave the same upwards in the direction of a boiler system. Afterwards, the gases are cleaned in a filter system and separated from the majority of their remaining solid particles. Solid particles that sink into the lower part of the afterburning chamber 2 are removed from the afterburning chamber by a slag discharge 19.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plant according to the invention for the incineration of hazardous waste.
  • the rotary tube 11 of the rotary tube furnace 1 is only partially shown, since this part of the system is carried out unchanged compared to the known systems.
  • a combustion chamber 20 now connects to the rotary tube 11.
  • parts of the resulting hazardous waste in particular gaseous and liquid, mostly high-calorie substances, are burned in the combustion chamber 20.
  • a device 22 for introducing the substances mentioned is installed in the lower part 21 of the combustion chamber 20, which device can comprise one or more burners 23. These burners are arranged in such a way that the gaseous and liquid wastes are injected in the center of the vertical flow which forms in the combustion chamber 20.
  • the combustion chamber 20 is essentially designed as a standing, tubular chamber which narrows conically in the lower part 21.
  • this lower part 21 there is also the mouth 15 of the rotary tube 11 of the rotary tube furnace. Since the rotary tube 15 rotates, a sealing device 24 is installed to seal the mouth 15 against the wall 24 of the combustion chamber 20, which seals the slide by means of sliding shoes on the rotary tube 11 and was also used by the applicant in known systems for the incineration of hazardous waste.
  • a slag discharge 19 is provided, through which slag sinking in the combustion chamber 20 can be removed.
  • nozzles for the entry of the secondary air (not shown) and lances for the introduction of liquid waste without or with only a very low calorific value (not shown). These nozzles and lances have an approximately tangentially directed axis and thereby generate a vortex flow in the combustion chamber 20 during operation.
  • a constriction 26 is provided at the upper end of the combustion chamber 20, by means of which the vortex flow is increased by the acceleration of the flue gas flow.
  • the combustion of the remaining part of the waste injected in the center of the combustion chamber 20 creates a flue gas stream which brings additional energy into the combustion chamber 20 for the formation of the vortex flow.
  • the oxygen introduced by the secondary air causes a complete burnout of the smoke gases rising in the combustion chamber 20.
  • the flue gases entering the combustion chamber 20 from below are burned out.
  • the gaseous and liquid waste is also injected from below in the center of the combustion chamber cross section. They are burned from bottom to top while flowing through the combustion chamber 20 and are completely burned out at the upper end 25 of the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber 20 has a conical constriction 26. At this point, the remaining mixture of the flue gases entering the combustion chamber from the rotary tube 11 and the flue gases generated by the combustion of the waste injected directly into the combustion chamber 20 takes place.
  • the combustion chamber 20 is manufactured in a known manner.
  • a refractory lining is introduced, which can be bricked in a known manner from, for example, firebricks.
  • the rotary tube 11 is also designed in the same way.
  • the combustion chamber 20 has a greater height than the known post-combustion chambers; however, since other parts of the entire system are even taller, there is no disadvantage. Rather, the length of the combustion chamber 20, its tubular design and dimensioning and the arrangement of the secondary air nozzles result in a flow in the combustion chamber 20, which up to the upper end 25 of the combustion chamber 20 causes an extremely effective combustion of the flue gases, that of a known system with a rotary kiln and afterburner at least.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

In an installation for burning hazardous waste, a combustion chamber (20) into which some of the hazardous waste, in particular in gaseous and liquid form, is injected by a burner (23) and in which it is burnt is inserted downstream of a rotary tubular furnace (1). The rotary tube (11) of the rotary tubular furnace (1) opens into the combustion chamber (20), which is constructed as a stationary tube, in the lower conically converging region (21). The flue gases produced in the rotary tubular furnace (1) flow upwards together with the flue gases produced in the combustion chamber (20). At the same time, secondary air is also fed in, as a result of which an extraordinarily good burn-up rate is achieved right up to the end of the combustion chamber. Since a part of the hazardous waste is burnt in the combustion chamber, the dimensions of the rotary tubular furnace (1) can be reduced. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zur Verbrennung von gasförmigem, flüssigem und festem Sondermüll gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a plant for the combustion of gaseous, liquid and solid hazardous waste according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Anlagen werden zur Beseitigung von vor allem in der Industrie anfallenden Abfällen, insbesondere solchen toxischer, pathogener oder feuergefährlicher Art eingesetzt.Systems of this type are used to remove waste which is generated in particular in industry, in particular those of a toxic, pathogenic or flammable type.

Aus der DE-A-3 625 397 ist eine gattungsgemässe Anlage bekannt mit einer Nachbrennkammer, welche im unteren Endbereich und mittleren Bereich gleichmässigen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist. Zur Unterstützung der Verwirbelung verjüngt sich die Nachbrennkammer im oberen Endbereich, sodass dort die Strömung beschleunigt und dadurch turbulenter wird. Im unteren Endbereich sind zwei Brenner eingebaut, deren Ausrichtung jeweils eine tangentiale Komponente aufweist. Diese Komponenten rufen gegeneinander gerichtete Wirbelströmungen hervor, die eine gute Durchmischung in der Kammer bewirken.DE-A-3 625 397 discloses a system of the generic type with an afterburner chamber which has a uniform rectangular cross section in the lower end region and the central region. To support the turbulence, the afterburning chamber tapers in the upper end area, so that the flow accelerates there and becomes more turbulent. Two burners are installed in the lower end area, each of which has a tangential component. These components cause eddy currents directed against each other, which cause thorough mixing in the chamber.

Trotzdem bleibt die Hauptsrömungsrichtung vertikal, sodass die Nachbrennkammer verhältnismässig rasch durchströmt wird. Es ist jedoch gerade bei der Verbrennung von Sondermüll entscheidend wichtig, dass ein sehr hoher Ausbrand erreicht und damit toxische Rückstände, die die Verbrennung überstehen, so weit wie nur irgend möglich reduziert werden. Daher ist es entscheidend wichtig für die Wirksamkeit der Anlage, dass die Verweilzeiten von gasförmigen und eventuell flüssigen Abfällen in der Nachbrennkammer möglichst lang sind, damit ein vollständiger Ausbrand eintritt.Nevertheless, the main flow direction remains vertical, so that the post-combustion chamber is flowed through relatively quickly. However, it is crucially important, especially when incinerating special waste, that a very high burn-out is achieved and toxic residues that survive the incineration are reduced as far as possible. It is therefore crucial for the effectiveness of the system that the dwell times of gaseous and possibly liquid waste in the afterburning chamber are as long as possible so that a complete burnout occurs.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gattungsgemässe Nachbrennkammer derart auszugestalten, dass die Verweilzeit in derselben möglichst lang ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a generic afterburning chamber in such a way that the residence time in it is as long as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, gelöst.This object is achieved by the invention as characterized in the claims.

Durch die Erfindung wird eine Nachbrennkammer geschaffen, in welcher der vertikalen Strömung eine starke Wirbelströmung überlagert ist, welche auch bei relativ hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten dafür sorgt, dass die Kammer nicht zu rasch verlassen wird, sondern sich lange Verweilzeiten ergeben. Dadurch wird ein sehr guter Ausbrand realisiert, der vor allem eine gründliche Beseitigung von toxischen Stoffen sicherstellt. Durch die Einspritzung von flüssigen Abfällen direkt in die Nachbrennkammer wird auch der Drehrohrofen entlastet, sodass keine Drosselung der Temperatur dort auftritt und er auch etwas kleiner dimensioniert werden kann.The invention provides an afterburning chamber in which a strong vortex flow is superimposed on the vertical flow, which ensures that the chamber is not left too quickly, but that long residence times result, even at relatively high flow velocities. This achieves a very good burnout, which above all ensures thorough removal of toxic substances. By injecting liquid waste directly into the afterburning chamber, the rotary kiln is also relieved, so that there is no throttling of the temperature and it can also be dimensioned somewhat smaller.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer gattungsgemässen Anlage zur Verbrennung von Sondermüll im Vertikalschnitt und
Fig. 2
einen schematisch dargestellten Vertikalschnitt einer erfindungsgemässen, einem Drehrohrofen nachgeschalteten Brennkammer für die Verbrennung von gasförmigen und flüssigen brennbaren Stoffen.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a generic plant for the incineration of hazardous waste in vertical section and
Fig. 2
a schematically illustrated vertical section of an inventive, a rotary kiln downstream combustion chamber for the combustion of gaseous and liquid combustible substances.

In Fig. 1 ist derjenige Teil einer bekannten Anlage zur Verbrennung von Sondermüll dargestellt, der die eigentliche Verbrennungsanlage umfasst. Vor dieser Verbrennungsanlage sind Einrichtungen vorhanden, in denen vor der Verbrennung die ankommenden Abfälle klassifiziert und bereitgestellt werden, so dass die Verbrennung durch Kombination der verschiedenen Abfälle optimal aufrechterhalten werden kann. Die Verbrennungsanlage umfasst als wesentlichen Teil einen Drehrohrofen 1 und eine Nachbrennkammer 2, in welch letzterer die im Drehrohrofen 1 bei der Verbrennung der Abfälle entstehenden Rauchgase vollständig ausgebrannt werden.1 shows that part of a known plant for the incineration of hazardous waste which comprises the actual incineration plant. In front of this incineration plant, facilities are available in which the incoming waste is classified and made available before the incineration, so that the incineration can be optimally maintained by combining the various wastes. The incinerator comprises, as an essential part, a rotary kiln 1 and an afterburning chamber 2, in the latter of which the flue gases generated in the rotary kiln 1 during combustion of the waste are completely burned out.

Der Drehrohrofen 1 weist eintrittseitig eine wassergekühlte Stirnwand 3 auf, an welcher eine Einfüllvorrichtung 4 für feste Abfälle 5 und Fässer 6 angeordnet ist. Brenner 7 und Lanzen 8 dienen der Einführung flüssiger, brennbarer Stoffe und von Schlamm, polymerisierenden Abfällen sowie je nach Bedarf von Stützbrennstoff; Luftdüsen 10 dienen der Einleitung der primären Verbrennungsluft.The rotary kiln 1 has a water-cooled end wall 3 on the inlet side, on which a filling device 4 for solid waste 5 and barrels 6 is arranged. Burner 7 and lances 8 are used to introduce liquid, flammable substances and sludge, polymerizing waste and, depending on the need, of auxiliary fuel; Air nozzles 10 serve to introduce the primary combustion air.

Die feststehende Stirnwand 3 schliesst ein Drehrohr 11 ab, das auf Lagerungen 14 abgestützt ist und dessen Drehzahl je nach der Art der verbrannten Abfälle mittels eines Antriebes 12 einstellbar ist. Das austrittseitige Ende des Drehrohrs 11 ist eine Mündung 15 mit einem dem Durchmesser des Drehrohres entsprechenden Oeffnungsdurchmesser, welche durch die Wand der Nachbrennkammer 2 in den untern Teil derselben ragt. In der Nachbrennkammer 2 sind Einspritz-Vorrichtungen 16 für flüssige Abfälle, insbesondere wässrige Abfälle ohne Heizwert und Sekundärluftdüsen 17 sowie ein zusätzlicher Stützbrenner 18 angeordnet. Mit dem Stützbrenner 18 wird gewährleistet, dass die für den jeweiligen Verbrennungsvorgang erforderliche Temperatur gehalten werden kann; er ist deshalb nur zeitweise in Betrieb.The fixed end wall 3 closes off a rotary tube 11 which is supported on bearings 14 and whose speed can be adjusted by means of a drive 12 depending on the type of waste incinerated. The outlet-side end of the rotary tube 11 is an opening 15 with an opening diameter corresponding to the diameter of the rotary tube, which projects through the wall of the afterburning chamber 2 into the lower part thereof. Injection devices 16 for liquid waste, in particular aqueous waste without heating value and secondary air nozzles 17 and an additional auxiliary burner 18 are arranged in the afterburning chamber 2. With the support burner 18 it is ensured that the temperature required for the respective combustion process can be maintained; it is therefore only in operation temporarily.

Die Nachbrennkammer 2 soll gewährleisten, dass alle Substanzen, die im Drehrohr noch nicht reagiert haben, vollständig verbrannt werden. Diese Nachverbrennung wird durch die mittels der Sekundärluftdüsen 17 eingeführte Sekundärluft unterstützt. Die Sekundärluft hat hierbei die Temperaturprofile in der Nachbrennkammer auszugleichen.The afterburning chamber 2 is intended to ensure that all substances which have not yet reacted in the rotary tube are completely burned. This afterburning is supported by the secondary air introduced by means of the secondary air nozzles 17. The secondary air has to compensate for the temperature profiles in the afterburning chamber.

Die in der Nachbrennkammer 2 ausgebrannten Gase verlassen dieselbe nach oben in Richtung einer Kesselanlage. Nachher werden die Gase in einer Filteranlage gereinigt und von dem Grossteil ihrer noch vorhandenen festen Teilchen getrennt. Feststoffteilchen, die in der Nachbrennkammer 2 in den untern Teil derselben absinken, werden durch einen Schlackenaustrag 19 aus der Nachbrennkammer entfernt.The gases burned out in the afterburning chamber 2 leave the same upwards in the direction of a boiler system. Afterwards, the gases are cleaned in a filter system and separated from the majority of their remaining solid particles. Solid particles that sink into the lower part of the afterburning chamber 2 are removed from the afterburning chamber by a slag discharge 19.

In Fig. 2 ist eine erfindungsgemässe Anlage zur Verbrennung von Sondermüll dargestellt. Hierbei ist in Fig. 2 das Drehrohr 11 des Drehrohrofens 1 nur teilweise dargestellt, da dieser Teil der Anlage unverändert gegenüber den bekannten Anlagen ausgeführt wird. An das Drehrohr 11 schliesst nun eine Brennkammer 20 an. In der Brennkammer 20 werden im Gegensatz zur Nachbrennkammer Teile des anfallenden Sondermülls, insbesondere gasförmige und flüssige, meistens hochkalorische Stoffe, verbrannt. Hierzu wird im untern Teil 21 der Brennkammer 20 eine Einrichtung 22 zur Einleitung der genannten Stoffe eingebaut, die einen oder mehrere Brenner 23 umfassen kann. Diese Brenner sind so angeordnet, dass die gasförmigen und flüssigen Abfalle im Zentrum der sich in der Brennkammer 20 bildenden vertikalen Strömung eingedüst werden.2 shows a plant according to the invention for the incineration of hazardous waste. 2, the rotary tube 11 of the rotary tube furnace 1 is only partially shown, since this part of the system is carried out unchanged compared to the known systems. A combustion chamber 20 now connects to the rotary tube 11. In contrast to the post-combustion chamber, parts of the resulting hazardous waste, in particular gaseous and liquid, mostly high-calorie substances, are burned in the combustion chamber 20. For this purpose, a device 22 for introducing the substances mentioned is installed in the lower part 21 of the combustion chamber 20, which device can comprise one or more burners 23. These burners are arranged in such a way that the gaseous and liquid wastes are injected in the center of the vertical flow which forms in the combustion chamber 20.

Die Brennkammer 20 ist im wesentlichen als stehende, rohrförmige Kammer ausgebildet, die sich im untern Teil 21 konisch verengt. In diesem untern Teil 21 befindet sich auch die Mündung 15 des Drehrohrs 11 des Drehrohrofens. Da das Drehrohr 15 rotiert, ist zur Abdichtung der Mündung 15 gegenüber der Wand 24 der Brennkammer 20 eine Dichtungseinrichtung 24 eingebaut, welche die Abdichtung mittels auf dem Drehrohr 11 gleitenden Gleitschuhen bewerkstelligt und von der Anmelderin auch bei bekannten Anlagen zur Verbrennung von Sondermüll eingesetzt wurden. Am untern Ende der konischen Verengung des Brennkammer-Unterteils 21 ist wie bei bekannten Anlagen ein Schlackenaustrag 19 vorgesehen, durch den in der Brennkammer 20 absinkende Schlacke abgeführt werden kann.The combustion chamber 20 is essentially designed as a standing, tubular chamber which narrows conically in the lower part 21. In this lower part 21 there is also the mouth 15 of the rotary tube 11 of the rotary tube furnace. Since the rotary tube 15 rotates, a sealing device 24 is installed to seal the mouth 15 against the wall 24 of the combustion chamber 20, which seals the slide by means of sliding shoes on the rotary tube 11 and was also used by the applicant in known systems for the incineration of hazardous waste. At the lower end of the conical narrowing of the combustion chamber lower part 21, as in known systems, a slag discharge 19 is provided, through which slag sinking in the combustion chamber 20 can be removed.

In der Wand der Brennkammer 20 sind Düsen für den Eintritt der Sekundärluft (nicht dargestellt) und Lanzen zur Einleitung flüssiger Abfälle ohne oder mit nur sehr geringem Heizwert (nicht dargestellt) angeordnet. Diese Düsen und Lanzen weisen eine etwa tangential gerichtete Achse auf und erzeugen dadurch im Betrieb eine Wirbelströmung in der Brennkammer 20.In the wall of the combustion chamber 20 there are nozzles for the entry of the secondary air (not shown) and lances for the introduction of liquid waste without or with only a very low calorific value (not shown). These nozzles and lances have an approximately tangentially directed axis and thereby generate a vortex flow in the combustion chamber 20 during operation.

Am obern Ende der Brennkammer 20 ist eine Einschnürung 26 vorgesehen, durch welche die Wirbelströmung durch die Beschleunigung des Rauchgasstroms verstärkt wird. Zusätzlich entsteht durch die Verbrennung des im Zentrum der Brennkammer 20 eingedüsten restlichen Teils der Abfälle ein Rauchgasstrom, der zusätzliche Energie für die Bildung der Wirbelströmung in die Brennkammer 20 bringt.A constriction 26 is provided at the upper end of the combustion chamber 20, by means of which the vortex flow is increased by the acceleration of the flue gas flow. In addition, the combustion of the remaining part of the waste injected in the center of the combustion chamber 20 creates a flue gas stream which brings additional energy into the combustion chamber 20 for the formation of the vortex flow.

Der durch die Sekundärluft eingeleitete Sauerstoff bewirkt einen vollständigen Ausbrand der in der Brennkammer 20 hochsteigenden Rauchgase.The oxygen introduced by the secondary air causes a complete burnout of the smoke gases rising in the combustion chamber 20.

In der Brennkammer 20 werden einerseits die aus dem Drehrohr 11 von unten in die Brennkammer 20 eintretenden Rauchgase ausgebrannt. Gleichzeitig werden auch von unten im Zentrum des Brennkammerquerschnittes die gasförmigen und flüssigen Abfälle eingedüst. Sie werden hierbei während des Druchströmens durch die Brennkammer 20 von unten nach oben verbrannt und sind am obern Ende 25 der Brennkammer vollständig ausgebrannt. Am obern Ende 25 weist die Brennkammer 20 eine konische Einschnürung 26 auf. An dieser Stelle erfolgt die restliche Mischung der aus dem Drehrohr 11 in die Brennkammer eintretenden Rauchgase und der durch die Verbrennung der direkt in die Brennkammer 20 eingedüsten Abfälle erzeugten Rauchgase. Die Brennkammer 20 ist in bekannter Weise hergestellt. Auf der Innenseite eines die äussere Begrenzung der Brennkammer 20 bildenden Blechmantels wird eine feuerfeste Ausmauerung eingebracht, die in bekannter Weise aus beispielsweise Schamottesteinen gemauert sein kann. Auch das Drehrohr 11 ist in gleicher Weise ausgeführt.In the combustion chamber 20, on the one hand, the flue gases entering the combustion chamber 20 from below are burned out. At the same time, the gaseous and liquid waste is also injected from below in the center of the combustion chamber cross section. They are burned from bottom to top while flowing through the combustion chamber 20 and are completely burned out at the upper end 25 of the combustion chamber. At the upper end 25, the combustion chamber 20 has a conical constriction 26. At this point, the remaining mixture of the flue gases entering the combustion chamber from the rotary tube 11 and the flue gases generated by the combustion of the waste injected directly into the combustion chamber 20 takes place. The combustion chamber 20 is manufactured in a known manner. On the inside of a sheet metal shell forming the outer boundary of the combustion chamber 20, a refractory lining is introduced, which can be bricked in a known manner from, for example, firebricks. The rotary tube 11 is also designed in the same way.

Die Brennkammer 20 weist eine grössere Höhe als die bekannten Nachbrennkammern auf; da jedoch andere Teile der gesamten Anlage noch grössere Höhe aufweisen, resultiert hieraus kein Nachteil. Vielmehr wird durch die Länge der Brennkammer 20, ihre rohrförmige Ausbildung und Dimensionierung sowie durch die Anordnung der Sekundärluftdüsen eine Strömung in der Brennkammer 20 erreicht, welche bis zum obern Ende 25 der Brennkammer 20 einen ausserordentlich wirkungsvollen Ausbrand der Rauchgase bewirkt, der demjenigen einer bekannten Anlage mit Drehrohrofen und Nachbrennkammer mindestens gleichkommt.The combustion chamber 20 has a greater height than the known post-combustion chambers; however, since other parts of the entire system are even taller, there is no disadvantage. Rather, the length of the combustion chamber 20, its tubular design and dimensioning and the arrangement of the secondary air nozzles result in a flow in the combustion chamber 20, which up to the upper end 25 of the combustion chamber 20 causes an extremely effective combustion of the flue gases, that of a known system with a rotary kiln and afterburner at least.

Claims (3)

  1. An installation for burning gaseous, liquid and solid special waste, the installation having a cylindrical rotary kiln (1) and a combustion chamber (20), in the lower end region (21) of which the cylindrical rotary kiln (1), and also at least one burner (23) for introducing gaseous and liquid parts of the waste to be burnt, opens, characterised in that the combustion chamber (20) is formed above its lower end region as an upright cylindrical pipe with a constant cross-section, the chamber narrowing conically downwards in the lower end region (21) as well as narrowing conically at the upper end (25) before passing into a widened channel through which there is formed a constriction (26), and in that lances with axes directed approximately tangential to the wall of the combustion chamber (20) are fitted into the wall of the combustion chamber (20), in the region with the constant cross-section, for introducing the liquid waste without or with only a very low calorific value for the purposes of producing an eddy current.
  2. An installation according to claim 1, characterised in that in the wall of the combustion chamber (20) there are fitted nozzles, with axes directed approximately tangentially to the wall of the combustion chamber (20), for injecting secondary air.
  3. An installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one burner (23) is directed against the axis of the combustion chamber (20).
EP89112462A 1988-07-29 1989-07-07 Installation for burning special waste Expired - Lifetime EP0353491B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89112462T ATE95291T1 (en) 1988-07-29 1989-07-07 HAZARDOUS WASTE INCINERATION PLANT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2892/88A CH679328A5 (en) 1988-07-29 1988-07-29
CH2892/88 1988-07-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0353491A1 EP0353491A1 (en) 1990-02-07
EP0353491B1 true EP0353491B1 (en) 1993-09-29

Family

ID=4243946

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89112462A Expired - Lifetime EP0353491B1 (en) 1988-07-29 1989-07-07 Installation for burning special waste

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US (1) US5003893A (en)
EP (1) EP0353491B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0730898B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE95291T1 (en)
CH (1) CH679328A5 (en)
DE (1) DE58905747D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2043974T3 (en)

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DE4224571C2 (en) * 1992-07-24 1994-06-16 Babcock Anlagen Gmbh Rotary kiln
DE4439670A1 (en) * 1994-11-07 1996-05-09 Bayer Ag Process for the thermal oxidation of liquid waste
DE19650785C2 (en) * 1996-12-06 1998-12-24 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Process for burning combustible material in a rotary kiln and rotary kiln for carrying out the method
DE10036410B4 (en) * 2000-07-26 2013-07-25 Basf Se Method and device for burnout of goods in a rotary kiln
JP4509695B2 (en) * 2004-07-28 2010-07-21 月島環境エンジニアリング株式会社 Waste liquid incineration treatment method
JP6772004B2 (en) * 2016-09-05 2020-10-21 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 Combustion processing equipment and its operation method

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US3664277A (en) * 1970-07-31 1972-05-23 Carborundum Co On-site incinerator
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FR2605724B1 (en) * 1986-10-23 1991-04-12 Tunzini Nessi Entreprises Equi DEVICE FOR EXTRACTING SOLID WASTE FROM AN INCINERATION PLANT
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DE3703855A1 (en) * 1987-02-07 1988-08-18 Gutehoffnungshuette Man COMBUSTION PLANT FOR WASTE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE95291T1 (en) 1993-10-15
CH679328A5 (en) 1992-01-31
DE58905747D1 (en) 1993-11-04
ES2043974T3 (en) 1994-01-01
JPH0730898B2 (en) 1995-04-10
US5003893A (en) 1991-04-02
JPH02154910A (en) 1990-06-14
EP0353491A1 (en) 1990-02-07

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