EP0352703B1 - Ballast électronique - Google Patents

Ballast électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0352703B1
EP0352703B1 EP89113600A EP89113600A EP0352703B1 EP 0352703 B1 EP0352703 B1 EP 0352703B1 EP 89113600 A EP89113600 A EP 89113600A EP 89113600 A EP89113600 A EP 89113600A EP 0352703 B1 EP0352703 B1 EP 0352703B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capacitor
switch
inverter
voltage
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89113600A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0352703A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Krummel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT89113600T priority Critical patent/ATE99487T1/de
Publication of EP0352703A1 publication Critical patent/EP0352703A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0352703B1 publication Critical patent/EP0352703B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/05—Starting and operating circuit for fluorescent lamp
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic ballast for fluorescent lamps, with an inverter which is connected on the input side via the series connection of a harmonic filter and a rectifier to the AC line voltage and on the output side to at least one load circuit, consisting of the series connection of a choke with the parallel connection of a capacitor and a fluorescent lamp is switched on, in which the inverter is designed as a switch bridge arrangement with two switch branches and two capacitor branches, the bridge connections of which form the output of the inverter are given by the common connection points of the two switch branches on the one hand and the two capacitor branches on the other hand, and in which the two switch branches are off electronic switches with parallel-connected freewheeling diodes, which open and close in push-pull with a high switching frequency compared to the mains frequency controls are.
  • the high-voltage electrolytic capacitors used in such electronic ballasts for smoothing the rectified AC line voltage are designed for a DC voltage of 450 V and represent a standard that has been tried and tested millions of times. This dielectric strength of 450 V DC voltage is in view of a line top voltage of 439 V, at which an AC line voltage of 277 V + 12% is assumed, also completely sufficient.
  • a high-voltage electrolytic capacitor with a substantially higher DC voltage strength or of two electrolytic capacitors connected in series are connected in series.
  • the series connection of two electrolytic capacitors also increases the costs for such an electronic ballast and also entails additional losses with regard to the necessary leakage current compensation.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a further solution for an electronic ballast of the type described in the introduction, which has a dielectric strength of at least 750 V with regard to an increase in the power factor and also requires only a high-voltage electrolytic capacitor with a usual dielectric strength of 450 V DC.
  • the invention is based on the essential finding that the storage capacitor required for smoothing the rectified AC voltage does not have to be parallel to the rectifier output, but can also be connected in series with the load circuit.
  • the rectified AC voltage is now applied to the series connection of the two capacitor branches of the switch bridge arrangement and the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor also manages in this way with a voltage resistance that is substantially lower than the voltage resistance required for the circuit.
  • the other capacitor branch of the switch bridge arrangement need not be an electrolytic capacitor, since the capacitor representing this capacitor branch only has to be dimensioned with regard to its capacitance value for a value at which its recharging is ensured in the rhythm of the switching frequency.
  • the capacitor of this capacitor branch is orders of magnitude smaller than the further capacitor branch now formed by the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor.
  • the series connection of the capacitors representing the two capacitor branches does not require any leakage current compensation.
  • the circuit according to the invention only requires a freewheeling diode in parallel with the capacitor branch, which does not have the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor, which ensures that the current in the load circuit does not break off in the zero crossings of the AC line voltage.
  • Figures 1 to 8 and 11 each show the circuit of an electronic ballast, consisting of the series connection of a harmonic filter HF connected on the input side to the mains voltage N, a rectifier GL and an inverter WR, the load circuit of the inductor L in series with the parallel connection of one Fluorescent tube LL and an ignition capacitor Cz exists.
  • the inverter WR itself represents a switch bridge arrangement with two switch branches and two capacitor branches, of which the first switch branch is formed by an electronically controlled switch T1 and the second switch branch by an electronically controlled switch T2.
  • the first capacitor branch is formed by capacitor C1 and the second capacitor branch by capacitor C2.
  • the capacitor C2 is a high-voltage electrolytic capacitor, which with respect to that of it smoothing rectified AC mains voltage is selected so large that it is certainly not fully reloadable in the rhythm of the mains AC frequency.
  • the capacitor C1 is very much smaller than the capacitor C2 and is dimensioned such that it can be fully recharged in alternation with the switches T1 and T2 which are switched on and off with a switching frequency that is much higher than the switching frequency.
  • the inverter also has three free-wheeling diodes D1, D2 and D3, of which the free-wheeling diode D1 is connected in parallel with the switch T1, the free-wheeling diode D2 with the switch T2 and the free-wheeling diode D3 with the capacitor C1.
  • the freewheeling diodes D1 to D3 are each polarized so that they are biased by the rectified AC voltage at the output of the rectifier GL in the reverse direction.
  • the current flowing through the choke IL and the voltages parallel to the switch T1 and to the capacitor C3 are designated U21 and U22 and marked by arrows.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 which explain the mode of operation of the ballast and correspond to the individual switching phases of the switches T1 and T2, relate to the case in which the amount of the mains voltage N is greater than the voltage U22 across the capacitor C2.
  • the current / voltage time diagram associated with these figures is shown in FIG. 9.
  • the current IN through the inductor L with a solid line the rectified current IN originating from the network with a dash-dotted line
  • the current IC1 through the Capacitor C1 with a dotted line the current IC2 through the capacitor C2 with a broken line
  • the voltage U21 across the switch T2 with a dashed line the voltage U21 across the switch T2 with a dashed line.
  • Fig. 1 shows the phase in which the switch T1 is open and the switch T2 is closed.
  • the current IL through the inductor L which here is equal to the current IC2, passes through zero and reverses polarity.
  • the current IC2 flows from the capacitor C2 through the fluorescent tube LL, the choke L, the switch T1 back to the capacitor C2.
  • the capacitor C2 is somewhat discharged and the inductor L is charged at the same time.
  • the rectifier GL becomes conductive and the current IN from the network now flows in the time interval between t2 and t3 according to the time diagram in FIG Switch T1, the choke L, the fluorescent tube LL, the capacitor C2 back into the network.
  • the inductor L and the capacitor C2 are charged.
  • the current IN is represented by a dotted line in FIG.
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 corresponding to FIGS. 1 to 4 explain the mode of operation of the ballast for the case in which the magnitude of the mains alternating voltage is less than or equal to the voltage U22 on the capacitor C2.
  • the 10 shows the associated current / voltage time diagram for the currents IL, IC1, IC2 and ID3 and the voltage U21.
  • the decisive factor here is again the period between t0 and t4.
  • the current IL is again indicated by a continuous line, the current IC1 again by a dotted line, the current IC2 again by a broken line, the current ID3 by a dash-dotted line and the voltage U21 again by a dashed line.
  • the current IC2 flows. 10 shows its course in this switching phase in the time interval from t0 to t1.
  • the current IC2 flows from the capacitor C2 through the fluorescent tube LL, the choke L, the switch T2 back to the capacitor C2.
  • the capacitor C2 is somewhat discharged and the inductor L is charged.
  • the capacitor C1 is discharged and the inductor L is further discharged via the fluorescent tube LL, the freewheeling diode D3 and the switch T1, which is still conductive.
  • this current ID3 is shown in FIG. 7 in a dotted line.
  • FIG. 8 shows the short switching phase that now follows in the time interval around the time t3 according to FIG. 10, in which both switches T1 and T2 are open.
  • the currents IC1 and ID3 according to FIG. 7 were interrupted when the switch T1 was opened and the residual energy stored in the choke L is now discharged via the fluorescent tube LL, the capacitor C2 and the freewheeling diode D2 in the form of the current IC2.
  • the switch T2 which is now closed again, takes effect according to FIG. 5 and the current flow conditions occur again, as shown in FIG. 5 and already described have been.
  • the inductive load on the input of the inverter can also, as will be explained briefly with reference to FIG. 12, also can be brought about without the additional inductance L 'shown in FIG. 11.
  • 12 shows a conventional harmonic filter HF in the form of a symmetrical T-element with the filter chokes LO1 and LO2 in the longitudinal branches on the input and output sides and the filter capacitor CO in the transverse branch.
  • the filter capacitor CO ' is provided as a shunt arm in such a harmonic filter HF on the output side, which has an additional smoothing function of the harmonics. If the filter capacitor CO 'is omitted, then the filter choke LO2 on the output side becomes effective with respect to the input of the inverter WR, thus representing an inductive input load which makes the additional choke L' superfluous.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Furan Compounds (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Ballast électronique pour lampes fluorescentes comportant un onduleur, qui est raccordé, côté entrée, à la tension alternative du réseau par l'intermédiaire du montage en série d'un filtre d'harmoniques et d'un redresseur, et est raccordé, côté sortie, à au moins un circuit de charge, constitué par le montage en série d'une bobine de self et du montage en parallèle d'un condensateur et d'une lampe fluorescente, et dans lequel l'onduleur est agencé sous la forme d'un montage en pont d'interrupteurs comportant deux branches à interrupteurs et deux branches à condensateurs, les bornes du pont, qui constituent la sortie de l'onduleur, étant formées par les points communs de liaison, d'une part, des deux branches à interrupteurs, et, d'autre part, des deux branches à condensateurs, et dans lequel les deux branches à interrupteurs sont constituées par des interrupteurs électroniques en parallèle avec lesquels sont branchées des diodes à effet unidirectionnel et qui sont commandés à l'état conducteur et à l'état bloqué en position de phase, avec une fréquence de commutation élevée par rapport à la fréquence alternative du réseau, caractérisé par le fait que le condensateur accumulateur d'energie nécessaire pour le lissage de la tension alternative redressée du réseau est inséré dans une branche à condensateurs du montage en pont d'interrupteurs, qu'on choisit pour l'un (C2) des deux condensateurs (C1,C2) représentant respectivement une branche à condensateurs une capacité suffisamment élevée pour qu'il ne puisse pas être entièrement décharge, de façon sûre, au rythme de la fréquence alternative du réseau, tandis que pour l'autre (C1) de ces deux condensateurs (C1,C2) en parallèle avec lequel est branchée une diode à effet unidirectionnel (D3), on choisit une capacité suffisamment élevée pour qu'il soit complètement déchargé au rythme de la cadence de la fréquence de commutation des interrupteurs (T1,T2).
  2. Ballast électronique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'une bobine de self supplémentaire (Lz) est branchée dans la voie de liaison entre le redresseur (GL) et l'onduleur (WR).
  3. Ballast électronique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la bobine de self de filtrage (LO2) située dans les branches longitudinales du côté sortie du filtre d'harmoniques (HA) agit au-delà du redresseur (GL), pour l'onduleur (WR), en tant qu'inductance branchée en amont.
EP89113600A 1988-07-27 1989-07-24 Ballast électronique Expired - Lifetime EP0352703B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89113600T ATE99487T1 (de) 1988-07-27 1989-07-24 Elektronisches vorschaltgeraet.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3825513 1988-07-27
DE3825513 1988-07-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0352703A1 EP0352703A1 (fr) 1990-01-31
EP0352703B1 true EP0352703B1 (fr) 1993-12-29

Family

ID=6359678

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89113600A Expired - Lifetime EP0352703B1 (fr) 1988-07-27 1989-07-24 Ballast électronique

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4996462A (fr)
EP (1) EP0352703B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0834127B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE99487T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1297936C (fr)
DE (1) DE58906543D1 (fr)
HK (1) HK123295A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA895678B (fr)

Families Citing this family (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6495969B1 (en) * 1987-08-03 2002-12-17 Ole K. Nilssen Series-resonant ballast having overload control
US5068573A (en) * 1990-09-20 1991-11-26 North American Philips Corporation Power supply with energy storage for improved voltage regulation
FI87412C (fi) * 1991-02-25 1992-12-28 Kemppi Oy Svetsningsinverter och foerfarande foer styrning av svetsningsinverter
US5267134A (en) * 1991-09-19 1993-11-30 Aziz Banayan Voltage and frequency converter device
DE4228682A1 (de) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-03 Tridonic Bauelemente Gmbh Dorn Vorschaltgerät für eine Gasentladungslampe mit einer Wechselrichterschaltung
US5345377A (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-09-06 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Harmonic controller for an active power line conditioner
US5384696A (en) * 1992-10-30 1995-01-24 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Active power line conditioner with fundamental negative sequence compensation
US5287288A (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-02-15 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Active power line conditioner with low cost surge protection and fast overload recovery
US5351180A (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-09-27 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Highly fault tolerant active power line conditioner
US5351178A (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-09-27 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Active power line conditioner with a derived load current fundamental signal for fast dynamic response
US5359275A (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-10-25 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Load current fundamental filter with one cycle response
JPH08503117A (ja) * 1992-10-30 1996-04-02 エレクトリック パワー リサーチ インスチテュート インコーポレイテッド 同期変換制御式の能動的な電力ライン調整装置
US5359263A (en) * 1992-11-20 1994-10-25 Remtech Company Tuned LRC ballasting circuit for compact fluorescent lighting
US5351181A (en) * 1993-03-12 1994-09-27 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Low cost active power line conditioner
US5434478A (en) * 1993-03-29 1995-07-18 Ultra-Lum, Inc. Electronic ballast for transilluminators and crosslinkers
US5686799A (en) * 1994-03-25 1997-11-11 Pacific Scientific Company Ballast circuit for compact fluorescent lamp
DE4410492A1 (de) * 1994-03-25 1995-09-28 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb von Niederdruckentladungslampen
TW307980B (fr) * 1994-04-28 1997-06-11 Toshiba Light Technic Kk
CN1049305C (zh) * 1994-07-29 2000-02-09 东芝照明技术株式会社 具有高功率因数和低失真系数特性的放电灯点亮装置
IT1271237B (it) * 1994-09-30 1997-05-27 Whirlpool Italia Dispositivo di controllo della potenza di elementi riscaldanti
US5821699A (en) * 1994-09-30 1998-10-13 Pacific Scientific Ballast circuit for fluorescent lamps
US5691606A (en) * 1994-09-30 1997-11-25 Pacific Scientific Company Ballast circuit for fluorescent lamp
US6037722A (en) * 1994-09-30 2000-03-14 Pacific Scientific Dimmable ballast apparatus and method for controlling power delivered to a fluorescent lamp
US5596247A (en) * 1994-10-03 1997-01-21 Pacific Scientific Company Compact dimmable fluorescent lamps with central dimming ring
US5925986A (en) * 1996-05-09 1999-07-20 Pacific Scientific Company Method and apparatus for controlling power delivered to a fluorescent lamp
US5866993A (en) * 1996-11-14 1999-02-02 Pacific Scientific Company Three-way dimming ballast circuit with passive power factor correction
US5798617A (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-08-25 Pacific Scientific Company Magnetic feedback ballast circuit for fluorescent lamp
WO2000067534A1 (fr) * 1999-04-28 2000-11-09 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Systeme de circuit
US7122972B2 (en) * 2003-11-10 2006-10-17 University Of Hong Kong Dimmable ballast with resistive input and low electromagnetic interference
DE102005034505A1 (de) * 2005-07-20 2007-02-01 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Schaltungsanorndung mit transformatorlosem Wandler mit Drossel für den gepulsten Betrieb von dielektrischen Barriere-Entladungslampen
US8264160B2 (en) * 2009-09-04 2012-09-11 Sheng-Hann Lee Advanced electronic ballasts
CN102348310B (zh) 2010-08-03 2013-08-14 英飞特电子（杭州）股份有限公司 一种多路led负载供电电路
CA2755178C (fr) * 2010-10-12 2018-01-02 National Cheng Kung University Ballast electronique a pont complet muni d'un circuit de correction du facteur de puissance simplifie a pompe de charge a mode de conduction continue
CN102932998B (zh) * 2012-11-13 2014-09-17 镇江乐电半导体科技有限公司 一种电源转换器
US10637575B2 (en) * 2016-05-25 2020-04-28 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Spatial location indoors using standard fluorescent fixtures

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU555174B2 (en) * 1981-09-18 1986-09-18 Oy Helvar Electronic ballast for a discharge lamp
US4511823A (en) * 1982-06-01 1985-04-16 Eaton William L Reduction of harmonics in gas discharge lamp ballasts
DE3312574A1 (de) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-18 Trilux-Lenze Gmbh + Co Kg, 5760 Arnsberg Elektronisches vorschaltgeraet fuer leuchtstofflampen
DE3569069D1 (en) * 1984-04-09 1989-04-27 Nigg Juerg Adapter for releasibly connecting electric lighting apparatuses
EP0205287B1 (fr) * 1985-06-04 1989-12-06 Thorn Emi Lighting (Nz) Limited Alimentations de puissance à commutation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0352703A1 (fr) 1990-01-31
JPH0275200A (ja) 1990-03-14
CA1297936C (fr) 1992-03-24
US4996462A (en) 1991-02-26
HK123295A (en) 1995-08-04
ATE99487T1 (de) 1994-01-15
DE58906543D1 (de) 1994-02-10
ZA895678B (en) 1990-04-25
JPH0834127B2 (ja) 1996-03-29

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