EP0351761B1 - Injecteur d'échantillons - Google Patents

Injecteur d'échantillons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0351761B1
EP0351761B1 EP89113095A EP89113095A EP0351761B1 EP 0351761 B1 EP0351761 B1 EP 0351761B1 EP 89113095 A EP89113095 A EP 89113095A EP 89113095 A EP89113095 A EP 89113095A EP 0351761 B1 EP0351761 B1 EP 0351761B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
injector
plunger
sample
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89113095A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0351761A2 (fr
EP0351761A3 (fr
Inventor
Perry M. Ryno
Leigh J. Evans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Applied Biosystems Inc
Original Assignee
Perkin Elmer Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Perkin Elmer Corp filed Critical Perkin Elmer Corp
Publication of EP0351761A2 publication Critical patent/EP0351761A2/fr
Publication of EP0351761A3 publication Critical patent/EP0351761A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0351761B1 publication Critical patent/EP0351761B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • B01L3/0275—Interchangeable or disposable dispensing tips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • B01L3/021—Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids
    • B01L3/0217—Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids of the plunger pump type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • B01L3/021—Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids
    • B01L3/0217—Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids of the plunger pump type
    • B01L3/022—Capillary pipettes, i.e. having very small bore
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an injector as described in the preamble of claim 1.
  • This invention relates, in general, to liquid sample delivery and liquid chromatography and, in particular, to an apparatus for introducing liquid samples into an atomic absorption spectrometer.
  • Pipetting devices are shown in a number of U.S. Patents, for example, to Morrill, No. 3,200,650 and to Gerrarde, No. 3,040,494 and the textbook of Paul L. Kirk “Quantitative Ultra Micro Analysis", John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1950, pages 22-26, 73/864.02, teaches pipetting to determine sample volume.
  • the patents also show a source of gas to dispense the liquid sample.
  • Plunger type dispensing devices in connection with pipettes, are shown, for example, in the U.S. Patents to Avakian, No. 3,732,734, to Norton, 3,754,687, and to Parsons, 4,257,267.
  • the Avakian patent also shows a removable tip used with a pipette end
  • the Parson patent shows a removable tip, which is called a pipette, but is not used to determine the volume of the liquid sample.
  • an injector as stated above has become known.
  • a single capillary is held within the tip of the said injector.
  • the inner end of the said capillary is in connection with the outer atmosphere via a passageway which is provided in the surface of a press button which is apt to compress the air inside the injector in order to have the fluid within the capillary ejected therefrom.
  • the said configuration may cause problems when either fluid is automatically sucked into the capillary or ejected therefrom if the said passageway is not correctly closed or opened during the suction or ejection of the fluid in the said capillary.
  • the ejector uses a disposable sample tip which is used to provide a liquid sample of a predetermined volume and a plunger type injector which is used to introduce the sample into a spectrometer with a precise amount of air pressure.
  • the sample tip comprises an outer tube for mounting the sample tip on the injector and an inner tube (pipette) of a desired bore and length.
  • the injector is provided with an anti-suction means so that the sample liquid will not be withdrawn from the inner tube by the injector in the event the inner tube is filled with the liquid sample before the injector is made ready to introduce the sample into the spectrometer.
  • FIG. 1 shows the sample tip enlarged relative to the injector 12 but figure 2 shows the relative sizes of the two devices and also shows the sample tip 10 mounted on the injector 12.
  • the sample tip 10 comprises an outer hollow tube 14 and a shorter inner capillary tube (pipette) 16 spaced from the inner wall 20 of the outer tube 14. Although shown as one molded piece, effectively one end of the inner tube 16 extends beyond the outer tube 14 to form an insertion tip 22 and a step 24 and the other end of the inner tube 16 terminates substantially midway of the outer tube 14. The length of the inner tube 16 and the size of its internal bore establishes the volume of the sample to be analyzed.
  • pipette inner capillary tube
  • Figure 3 illustrates the step of filling the inner tube 16 with liquid by inserting the sample tip 10 into a body of liquid 26 and figure 4 shows the step of introducing the sample into the spectrometer by inserting sample tip 10 into a graphite tube 30 of a spectrometer (not shown) with the step 24 establishing the distance between the end of the sample tip 10 and the graphite tube inner surface 32.
  • the injector 12 comprises a long tubular body 34 (handle) and a relatively thin walled hollow nozzle 36 which has a tubular portion 40 of the same outer diameter as the tubular body 34, a first taper 42 and, a second tubular portion 44 of a lesser diameter than tubular portion 40 which terminates in a slightly tapered narrow hollow point 46.
  • the hollow point 46 holds the sample tip 10 as shown in figures 5 and 6 and the tubular portion 40 forms a piston chamber 48.
  • the nozzle 36 is fitted over the end of the tubular body 34 and held thereon in any suitable manner as by internal and external complimentary threads 50.
  • the tubular body 34 has a central bore 52 in which a plunger 54 is slidably fit and which extends beyond the ends of the tubular body 34.
  • the lower end of the plunger 54 has a reduced portion 56 which is fitted with a retainer 60 which has a collar 62, a radially extended disc 64 and a downwardly extending short connecting rod 66.
  • the retainer 60 is held on the plunger 54 by a lock pin 70 and lock washer 72 holds a hollow, relatively thin walled, downwardly opening piston 74 on the connecting rod 66. Both the piston 74 and the retainer 60 are enclosed in the piston chamber 48 where movement of the piston 74 downwardly will expell a measured amount of air under pressure from the nozzle point 46 and dispense the sample from the sample tip 10.
  • a counterbore 76 in the lower end of the tubular body 34 encloses a helical piston spring 78 which biases the piston 74 toward a downward or uncocked position.
  • the upper end of the counterbore 76 is open to atmosphere by radial holes 80 (Figs 5 & 6).
  • the spring 78 and the piston 74 are held in an upper, or cocked, position by a latching mechanism 82. (See the enlarged view of the latch mechanism 82 in figures 9 and 10).
  • This latching mechanism 82 comprises a latch button 84 with an extension arm 86 of a lesser diameter and containing an opening 90 which allows the plunger 54 to pass therethrough.
  • the extension arm 86 is disposed in sliding relationship within a sleeve 92 and a blind radial counterbore 94 in the tubular body 34. In one position, the cocked position, an edge 96 on the extension arm 86 near the opening 90 engages a shoulder 100 on the plunger 54 formed by a reduced radius 102 in the area of the latch mechanism 82 and, in another position, the uncocked position, allows the plunger 54 to move freely in response to the piston spring 78.
  • the extension arm 86 is spring biased toward the cocked position by a helical spring 104.
  • a handle 106 attached to the upper end of the plunger 54, is provided for the purpose of pulling the plunger upwardly and is operable manually.
  • the latching mechanism 82 will automatically latch the piston 54 in the cocked position when the handle 106 is pulled upwardly a sufficient distance.
  • the plunger 54 and piston 74 are released by pressing the latch button 84 radially inwardly against the force of the spring 104 which will free the shoulder 100 of the edge 96 and allow the helical spring 78 to move the piston 74 downwardly to create a sufficient amount of air under pressure to be expelled from the nozzle 40 and to expel the sample from the sample tip 10 as shown schematically in figure 4.
  • the handle 106 extends into a blind bore 110 in the top of the tubular body 34 in sliding relationship and the bottom 112 of the handle 106 engages the bottom 114 of the blind bore 110 to limit the stroke of the piston 74.
  • the recommended procedure is to cock the injector 12 either before and after the sample tip 10 is mounted on the injector 12 but before the sample tip 10 is inserted into the liquid to be sampled.
  • the injector 12 is provided with an anti-suction means 120 which is a function of the retainer 60 and the piston 74 and which will now be described in detail. This is considered an important feature of this invention and figures 7 and 6 show its operation.
  • the top wall 122 of the piston 74 contains holes 124 (2 shown) of a relatively small size. These small holes 124 form passage means for air on one side of the piston 74 to flow to the other side of the piston 74 and the disc 64 forms a closure means for opening and closing these holes 124 during movement of the piston 74.
  • the words “upper” or “lower”, “down” or “up”, or “left” or “right” were used to facilitate the description of the invention with reference to the drawings.
  • the words “bore” and “counterbore” are used, they were not meant to imply that these were necessarily formed by a machining process since the injector (and many of its parts) and the sample tip may be formed of a suitable commercially available plastic by a molding process.
  • the liquid of the sample to be analyzed may be any liquid, but in this case, lubricating oil is the liquid for which this invention is particularly directed so that wear of movable metal parts, such as aircraft engine parts, may be determined by atomic absorption spectrometry.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Devices For Use In Laboratory Experiments (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Injecteur d'échantillons comprenant:
       un corps tubulaire (34) avec un alésage axial longitudinal (52),
       un plongeur (54) coulissant logé dans ledit alésage axial,
       un piston (74) à une extrémité dudit plongeur étant repoussé par ressort vers une première position et étant coulissant à l'intérieur d'une chambre de piston en divisant ladite chambre de piston (48) en deux parties chacun adjacente à chaque côté du piston, dans lequel ledit piston se déplace de telle manière que le mouvement dudit piston entre une deuxième et ladite première position produit une pression de gaz devant être éjectée par la deuxième partie de ladite chambre de piston, caractérisé en ce qu'un ajutage creux (36) est prévu sur ledit corps tubulaire (34) avec une pointe creuse étroite (46), ledit ajutage (36) formant ladite chambre de piston (48), ladite première partie de la chambre de piston étant en communication avec l'atmosphère par l'intermédiaire d'une ouverture (80) disposée radialement au travers du corps tubulaire (34) de l'alésage axial (52), le piston (74) est mobile dans un intervalle prédéterminé par rapport au plongeur (54), en ce que des passages (124) traversant le piston et formant un moyen anti-aspiration (120) et un moyen d'obturation (64) relié au plongeur pour fermer lesdits passages (124) sont prévus, ledit moyen d'obturation (64) fermant lesdits passages (124) lorsque ledit piston est déplacé vers ladite première position et ouvrant ledit passage (124) lorsque ledit piston est déplacé vers ladite deuxième position afin qu'une communication entre lesdites deux parties de la chambre de piston soit établie et que la pression de gaz dans lesdites deux parties soit équilibrée lorsque ledit piston est déplacé vers ladite deuxième position et en ce qu'un mécanisme de verrouillage (82) est prévu pour armer ledit piston (74) dans ladite deuxième position à l'encontre de la force élastique dudit ressort (78) et pour libérer ledit piston de façon à ce que ladite force élastique du ressort entraine le piston vers ladite première position.
  2. Injecteur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit moyen d'obturation (64) comprend un moyen à disque.
  3. Injecteur selon la revendication 2, dans lequel ledit moyen à disque (64) entraine ledit piston vers ladite première position en réponse à ladite force élastique du ressort.
  4. Injecteur selon la revendication 3, comportant en outre une partie tenue à la main (106) sur ledit plongeur (54) pour tirer ledit plongeur à l'encontre de la force élastique dudit ressort (78).
  5. Injecteur selon la revendication 4, dans lequel une partie (112) de ladite partie tenue à la main forme un moyen pour déterminer ladite première position.
  6. Injecteur selon la revendication 5 comportant en outre une extrémité d'échantillonnage (10) comprenant une pipette (16) pouvant être insérée sur ledit ajutage (36) de façon à ce que la pression de gaz émise par ladite pointe creuse (46) éjecte un échantillon liquide dans ladite pipette (16).
EP89113095A 1988-07-18 1989-07-17 Injecteur d'échantillons Expired - Lifetime EP0351761B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22071888A 1988-07-18 1988-07-18
US220718 1988-07-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0351761A2 EP0351761A2 (fr) 1990-01-24
EP0351761A3 EP0351761A3 (fr) 1991-02-13
EP0351761B1 true EP0351761B1 (fr) 1993-09-08

Family

ID=22824661

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89113095A Expired - Lifetime EP0351761B1 (fr) 1988-07-18 1989-07-17 Injecteur d'échantillons

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0351761B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2960438B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR0140888B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1336970C (fr)
DE (1) DE68908979T2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04329341A (ja) * 1991-04-30 1992-11-18 Shimadzu Corp フレーム原子吸光装置の試料導入装置
JP2550805B2 (ja) * 1991-06-30 1996-11-06 株式会社島津製作所 クロマトグラフの吸光分析装置
FR2708341B1 (fr) * 1993-07-28 1995-09-08 Bio Merieux Procédé de dosage, notamment micro-dosage d'un liquide; application à l'obtention de dilutions contrôlées, notamment des dilutions nanovolumétriques.
JP2002272462A (ja) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-24 Shimadzu Corp 核酸試料の精製カラム及び精製方法
JP4224488B2 (ja) * 2005-11-14 2009-02-12 株式会社アイディエス 検体分取分注用ノズル装置
WO2020110173A1 (fr) * 2018-11-26 2020-06-04 ムロオカ産業株式会社 Distributeur
CN113671108B (zh) * 2021-08-03 2023-11-28 苏州鼎实医疗科技有限公司 一种气压平衡结构及具有其的定量采样加注器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3334788A (en) * 1963-08-13 1967-08-08 Clark H Hamilton Syringe for chromatographic analyses
FI59343C (fi) * 1979-01-23 1981-08-10 Suovaniemi Finnpipette Flerdospipett
EP0082263A1 (fr) * 1981-12-10 1983-06-29 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Introduction d'échantillon pour analyse par spectrométrie ou chromatographie liquide
DE3614085A1 (de) * 1985-12-12 1987-06-19 Hirschmann Glasgeraete Pipette

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR0140888B1 (ko) 1998-06-01
KR900002069A (ko) 1990-02-28
JP2960438B2 (ja) 1999-10-06
EP0351761A2 (fr) 1990-01-24
CA1336970C (fr) 1995-09-12
JPH02257033A (ja) 1990-10-17
DE68908979D1 (de) 1993-10-14
DE68908979T2 (de) 1994-01-05
EP0351761A3 (fr) 1991-02-13

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