EP0344655B1 - Verfahren zur Explosionszerkleinerung von Zellmaterial - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Explosionszerkleinerung von Zellmaterial Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0344655B1
EP0344655B1 EP89109583A EP89109583A EP0344655B1 EP 0344655 B1 EP0344655 B1 EP 0344655B1 EP 89109583 A EP89109583 A EP 89109583A EP 89109583 A EP89109583 A EP 89109583A EP 0344655 B1 EP0344655 B1 EP 0344655B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
process according
mill
compressed gas
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89109583A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0344655A3 (en
EP0344655A2 (de
Inventor
Klaus F. Sylla
Ulrich Grünhoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kohlensaeurewerk Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Kohlensaeurewerk Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kohlensaeurewerk Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Kohlensaeurewerk Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP0344655A2 publication Critical patent/EP0344655A2/de
Publication of EP0344655A3 publication Critical patent/EP0344655A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0344655B1 publication Critical patent/EP0344655B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/06—Jet mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the explosion comminution of cell material of animal or vegetable origin, in which the material is introduced into a pressure chamber, pressurized with gas therein and then emptied from the pressure chamber under explosion-like expansion against a baffle.
  • the impact on the impact surface gives the particles a mechanical impulse which often triggers the bursting process which brings about the comminution.
  • the particles hit the free, hard wall of the impact surface and actually receive the mechanical impulse.
  • a layer of comminuted particles forms on the impact surface, which means that the subsequent particles hit this comparatively softer layer on the impact surface, no longer receive a mechanical impulse that triggers the bursting process, and moreover due to progressive Emptying the pressure chamber and thus progressively reducing the pressure difference no longer have the force of the initially impacting particles.
  • This has the consequence that the bursting process of the material particles impacting one after the other does not take place uniformly and a material is obtained which, in addition to fine fractions, also has coarse fractions.
  • the coarse material was separated from the fine material in processes according to the prior art, for example by sieving, and again subjected to an explosion comminution. This entails corresponding costs and may result in the loss of valuable ingredients. Even if the coarse fraction is repeatedly recycled, it is not possible to completely comminute the material used. This is explained by the fact that the returned material is structurally damaged and the pressure equalization takes place during the pressure release without bursting and thus without the desired comminution effect. If an attempt is made to reduce the proportion of coarse material by increasing the pressure, the material becomes so fine that further processing can be difficult due to the formation of fine dust, clogging of filters etc.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved explosion comminution process which overcomes the disadvantages of the known processes.
  • the process according to the invention for the explosion comminution of cell material of animal origin in the form of cells or cell assemblies of microorganisms or tissue or organ parts of animals, or of plant origin, in the form of underground or above-ground parts of plants, in which the material is introduced into a pressure chamber, with it Air or inert gas as pressurized gas and then emptied from the pressure chamber under explosion-like expansion against a baffle surface is characterized in that the material is passed through in small portions by the mill used in the period of time required by an unborn material particle for the pressure equalization can be emptied or relaxed against the grinding tools of a mill as a baffle.
  • Small portions are to be understood as portions that can be put through or processed by the mill used in the period of time that a material particle that does not burst by itself, by the pressure difference between the cell interior and the outside atmosphere present at the moment of exit from the pressure chamber balance. This time period varies from material to material, but is generally of the order of one minute. Small portions in the sense of the invention are therefore portions that can be pushed through by the mill used in the period of time required by an unbroken material particle for pressure equalization.
  • Suitable mills that can be used in the process according to the invention are known per se. High throughput mills are preferred. Disk mills, in particular toothed disk mills, have proven to be particularly suitable.
  • the method according to the invention therefore provides for the material to be emptied or relaxed into an inert gas atmosphere or against an inert gas atmosphere. In the simplest case, this is achieved by making the connection between the pressure chamber and the mill gas-tight. Thereby the entry of air or oxygen and / or moisture is effectively excluded.
  • gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, noble gases and mixtures of these gases, preferably carbon dioxide, are used as compressed gases. These gases act as inert gases, according to the invention meaning gases which do not undergo any chemical or enzymatic reactions with the cell material and / or its ingredients.
  • the cell material to be comminuted is additionally cooled.
  • This cooling can, for example, prevent the loss of low-boiling and thus volatile aroma components of the cell material during explosion comminution.
  • the manner in which the cooling of the material to be comminuted is carried out is known per se to a person skilled in the art, for example from DE-OS 33 47 152.
  • Cooling can be indirect, e.g. by prior storage of the cell material to be comminuted in cooling devices, and / or by cooling device parts by means of cooling devices known per se. Furthermore, cooling of the grinding tools of the mill etc. can be provided.
  • direct cooling of the material to be shredded is preferred. It is preferably carried out by direct contact of the cell material to be comminuted with an inert cooling medium, preferably with cold carbon dioxide or nitrogen.
  • the cooling medium is used in an amount of about 0.1 to about 40% by weight, based on the cell material.
  • the inert cooling medium can be used as a gas phase or, preferably, as a condensed phase, e.g. as nitrogen or carbon dioxide in liquefied form.
  • a condensed phase e.g. as nitrogen or carbon dioxide in liquefied form.
  • the use of carbon dioxide in solid form is preferred.
  • Both carbonic acid snow and solid carbon dioxide in compressed form can be used as solid carbon dioxide.
  • the cooling medium used for direct cooling can be supplied to the material to be shredded before and / or in the pressure chambers or pressure loading chambers by separate feeds.
  • the compressed gas which is released in the process according to the invention after the material to be comminuted has been emptied or expanded against the grinding tools of a mill can be released into the environment, if appropriate after separating off the volatile constituents which it has taken up from the material.
  • the compressed gas is recycled, if necessary after separation of the volatile constituents which it has absorbed.
  • the manner in which the volatile constituents absorbed by the material are separated is known per se to the person skilled in the art.
  • the compressed gas can be passed over suitable absorbents for separation and then returned. It is also possible to cause volatile constituents to condense in separating devices by means of pressure and / or temperature changes.
  • the compressed gas which may have been freed of volatile constituents, can be fed to a gas storage container and thus reused as a compressed gas or as a cooling medium.
  • the compressed gas can - if necessary in the form of a branched-off partial stream - be used to purge the cell material to be disrupted, lines, device parts, packing machines and / or to generate the inert gas atmosphere against which the material is expanded.
  • the contact of the cell material with air or oxygen and / or moisture can be effectively reduced by this procedure, possibly together with the gas-tight design of the connecting parts of the device used.
  • the process according to the invention can be carried out in the simplest manner, for example, by introducing the material to be comminuted into portions of the pressure according to the invention, applying pressurized gas there and emptying or relaxing the entire contents of the pressure chamber against the grinding tools of a mill.
  • this particularly simple procedure is less preferred in the method according to the invention. It has been shown in tests that the crushing effect is particularly good in pressure expansion processes if the pressurized gas is applied to the material for a certain period of time. This period depends on the cell material. Soft materials with a larger proportion of liquid require shorter, harder materials with a lower proportion of liquid for somewhat longer periods. In general, holding times of about 1 minute are sufficient for cell material of various structures.
  • this holding time requires a certain idle time of the mill, since the mill is only loaded with material during the phase of emptying or relaxing the pressure chamber, not in the other two states which the pressure chamber has to pass through, the pressurization and hold time.
  • Another variant consists in introducing the material to be comminuted in larger portions into a correspondingly large pressure chamber, applying pressurized gas and emptying or relaxing in small portions against the grinder of a mill.
  • This portioning can take place, for example, with valves which have a very short opening time and only allow portions which are dimensioned according to the invention to pass and which then impinge on the grinding tool of the mill.
  • the holding time only needs to be used once for the large portion of the stock.
  • a third variant consists in assigning a plurality of pressure chambers to a mill and pressurizing the individual pressure chambers cyclically in succession with compressed gas, letting the holding time run through and emptying or relaxing against the grinding tools of the mill. Since approximately 15 seconds are required for the relaxation process and for the throughput of a portion in the process according to the invention, the time for the pressurization can be neglected, with a holding time of approximately 1 minute, 4 pressure chambers must be provided for a mill so that this mill is fully utilized.
  • Another preferred variant of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the material is introduced into a pressure loading chamber, pressurized with gas in the latter, transferred to a pressure chamber while maintaining the pressure, and emptied or relaxed from the latter.
  • the procedure here is to introduce the material in a relatively large amount into the pressure loading chamber and to transfer it into the pressure chamber in portions, for example by means of suitable valves.
  • the idle time of the mill is essentially no longer dependent on the holding time.
  • the cell material to be comminuted is introduced into a pressure loading chamber, cyclically transferred from it to a plurality of pressure chambers, and cyclically emptied or relaxed from these.
  • This variant allows a high throughput of material with a particularly short idle time of the mill.
  • a very particularly preferred variant of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the material to be comminuted is pressurized with compressed gas in a lock and transferred to one or more pressure loading chambers while maintaining the pressure. If the material flows which are fed via the lock to the pressure loading chamber or discharged from the pressure loading chamber into the pressure chamber or the pressure chambers correspond to one another, continuous process control is possible. Such a continuous procedure allows the optimal use of the device.
  • the pressure range in which the method according to the invention works is mainly dependent on the cell material and the desired degree of comminution.
  • the most favorable pressure range can easily be determined by simple tests. For example, when using CO2 as pressurized gas and coffee as the cell material to be shredded, one works preferably at about 25 to 35 bar absolute.
  • pluricity of pressure loading chambers or pressure chambers are understood to mean 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more chambers.
  • the person skilled in the art can easily determine the appropriate number of pressure chambers to be provided, if necessary by means of orienting tests. It is influenced, among other things, by the desired throughput of material, the capacity of the pressure chambers used, by the type and capacity of the mill used, by the particular feed material, and by the amount of the pressure difference relaxation, through the space available for the system, etc.
  • inert gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, noble gases or mixtures of these gases are preferably used as the compressed gas.
  • carbon dioxide as the pressurized gas is preferred.
  • carbon dioxide is characterized, for example, by the inertization of the material to be shredded, its bacteriostatic effect and its safety under food law.
  • the person skilled in the art can measure the portions in which the material is emptied or relaxed in the process according to the invention against the grinding tools of a mill, taking into account the specified boundary conditions, for example the cell material to be comminuted, the pressure with which the material is applied, the type and the capacity of the mill used, the maximum permissible coarse fraction, etc. can be easily determined by simple, preliminary tests. It is crucial that for a substantial part of the material the time between the exit from the pressure chamber and the impact and the entry into the grinding tool is not longer than the time required for the pressure equalization of non-broken particles, for example about 60 seconds.
  • the cell material used is preferably one which contains pharmaceutically and / or cosmetically active ingredients, or fats, oils or waxes, or flavors.
  • cell material which contains pharmaceutically and / or cosmetically active ingredients in particular plant parts of medicinal or medicinal plants known per se are possible, of which fennel, hawthorn, sennei, gentian, poppy or valerian are mentioned as examples.
  • Cell material which contains fat, oil or wax comprises in particular fruits or seeds of cultivated plants. These contain mixtures of esters or unsaturated or saturated glycerides, e.g. are known as coconut, peanut, linseed, soybean, sunflower or jojoba oil.
  • Plant parts in particular leaves, fruits, flowers and / or seeds, which are used after their preparation as spices or stimulants or for their production, are preferably used as the cell material which contains aromas, ie components which appeal to taste and / or smell organs. Examples include tarragon, coriander, caraway, marjoram, nutmeg and blossom, pepper, allspice, vanilla, cinnamon and coffee beans as a stimulant.
  • the method according to the invention is preferably used for grinding roasted coffee.
  • the method according to the invention has surprising advantages over the methods according to the prior art.
  • the proportion of coarse material that previously had to be screened and recycled, which was associated with additional costs and losses of ingredients, is substantially reduced in the process according to the invention.
  • the bursting forces in the explosion comminution are surprisingly better utilized by emptying the material to be comminuted in portions against the grinding tools of a mill that are constantly being released than in conventional processes. If the mill is a toothed disk mill, there is, in addition to the large capacity, the additional advantage that, by adjusting the mill accordingly, it is possible to set the upper limit of the particle size of the digested material as required.
  • the cell material can be processed with the use of an inert gas, preferably CO2, as a compressed gas in the absence of air / air humidity.
  • This inert gas atmosphere can be generated - particularly economically by using recirculated exhaust gas - in possibly upstream treatment stages such as classification, sieving, drying, roasting, etc. and can be maintained during the shredding operation up to the packaging.
  • the effect of the process according to the invention is particularly surprising. If, in a conventional manner, cell material is subjected to explosion comminution, coarse material is sieved, possibly after multiple recycling, and is milled at some point later, apart from the loss of ingredients, the grinding effect of the mill is less than in the process according to the invention. If you proceed in such a way that you first grind and subject the ground material to an explosion comminution, you get completely unsatisfactory results. The surprising effect of the method according to the invention is therefore cannot be explained with a simple combination of explosion crushing and grinding.
  • a process variant was selected in which the material was introduced via a lock into a pressure loading chamber, from which it was cyclically expanded or emptied cyclically in succession into a plurality of pressure chambers and from these in turn cyclically in succession into the inlet of a toothed disk mill, with a partial flow of the exhaust gas following Condensation of entrained ingredients used for purging supply lines, storage and pressure loading chambers, as well as packaging devices, and the residual stream was fed to a gas compressor for reuse as compressed gas. Coffee was chosen as the material, CO2 as the compressed gas.
  • the variation of this embodiment e.g. by omitting the lock, adding or omitting pressure loading chambers, pressure chambers, using other cell materials, other compressed gases, other mills, working at a different pressure, etc., is easily possible for the person skilled in the art knowing the invention.
  • roasted coffee was introduced into a roasted coffee reservoir R via a line L 1.
  • the reservoir R is connected to a lock S via a valve V 1.
  • the lock S is connected to a pressure loading chamber D via a valve V 2.
  • a valve V 3 connects the lock S to a gas container GB and a valve V 4 and a line L 2 to a fresh gas container F.
  • About 12.5 kg of freshly roasted coffee beans were removed from the reservoir R under normal pressure and opened via the valve V 1 transferred to the lock S; the valves were V 2, V 3 and V 4 closed.
  • V 1 was also closed, V 3 opened and pressurized gas from the gas container GB was applied to the coffee beans until a target pressure of about 30 bar (absolute) was reached.
  • the valve V 2 was opened and the contents of the lock S were transferred to the pressure loading chamber D, in which a pressure of about 30 bar (absolute) also prevailed.
  • the valve V 2 was then closed again and the lock refilled, the excess pressure prevailing in the lock in relation to the reservoir having previously been reduced by means not shown, for example a line to a gas compressor GV.
  • the process of filling and emptying the lock was repeated approximately every 3 minutes.
  • the pressure loading chamber D has a capacity of approximately 500 l.
  • Each of the pressure chambers DB is connected via a valve V 6 and a line L 4 to the gas container GB and via a switchable ball valve V 7 to the inlet of a toothed disk mill Z. Only a part of the valves V 5, pressure chambers DB, lines L 4 and ball valves V 7 is shown in the drawing.
  • Toothed-disc mill and inlet are gas-tightly connected to each other and to the V 7 ball valve to prevent air from entering.
  • the material injected into the inlet of the toothed disk mill was completely penetrated by the grinder of the mill in about 15 seconds.
  • the ground material M which was free of unwanted coarse particles, was fed to a packaging device via a line L 5, in which a CO2 atmosphere was maintained.
  • the CO2 released when relaxing was first fed via a line L 6 from the mill to a separator AK for aroma condensation.
  • the gas freed from the condensate was returned to the gas compressor GV, a branched partial flow via a line L 7 being used to rinse the coffee reservoir R and to rinse the line L 1.
  • Inevitable, low losses of compressed gas were supplemented with fresh gas via lines L 2 and L 8.
  • the aroma condensate from AK was added to the ground material before packaging.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
EP89109583A 1988-06-03 1989-05-27 Verfahren zur Explosionszerkleinerung von Zellmaterial Expired - Lifetime EP0344655B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3818915A DE3818915A1 (de) 1988-06-03 1988-06-03 Verfahren zur explosionszerkleinerung von zellmaterial
DE3818915 1988-06-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0344655A2 EP0344655A2 (de) 1989-12-06
EP0344655A3 EP0344655A3 (en) 1990-12-05
EP0344655B1 true EP0344655B1 (de) 1994-11-30

Family

ID=6355780

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89109583A Expired - Lifetime EP0344655B1 (de) 1988-06-03 1989-05-27 Verfahren zur Explosionszerkleinerung von Zellmaterial

Country Status (12)

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US (1) US4934608A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
EP (1) EP0344655B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
JP (1) JPH0226650A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
AT (1) ATE114505T1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
DE (2) DE3818915A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
DK (1) DK271789A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
FI (1) FI892726L (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
IL (1) IL90327A0 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
NO (1) NO174797B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
PT (1) PT90580B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
TR (1) TR24740A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
ZA (1) ZA894107B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)

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US5421523A (en) * 1992-12-21 1995-06-06 Mcmahon; David J. Physio-chemical communication with expansive solidifiers
EP0642745B1 (en) * 1993-09-09 1997-08-06 Gerard Van Noort Method of and apparatus for enhancing the shelf-stability of a biological product
JP3368117B2 (ja) * 1995-09-29 2003-01-20 幸彦 唐澤 固体粒子の破砕方法および装置
US6372085B1 (en) 1998-12-18 2002-04-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Recovery of fibers from a fiber processing waste sludge
US7364642B2 (en) * 2003-08-18 2008-04-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Recycling of latex-containing broke
US20050132893A1 (en) * 2003-12-17 2005-06-23 Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. Process for single-stage heat treatment and grinding of coffee beans
US20060029703A1 (en) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-09 Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. Process for single-stage heat treatment and grinding of mustard bran, and product and its uses
US20060040027A1 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-23 Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. Process for manufacture of grated cheese and uses thereof
US7445806B2 (en) * 2004-09-02 2008-11-04 Kraft Foods Global Brands Llc Process for selective grinding and recovery of dual-density foods
US20060083834A1 (en) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. Process for granulation of wet processed foods and use thereof
US20060088634A1 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-04-27 Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. Process for granulation of low-moisture processed foods and use thereof
US20060286232A1 (en) * 2005-06-15 2006-12-21 Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. Process for granulation of low-moisture, high-lipid content processed foods and re-use thereof
US20060286230A1 (en) * 2005-06-15 2006-12-21 Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. Process for packing separation and granulation of processed food content thereof, and products and uses thereof
US20060286269A1 (en) * 2005-06-16 2006-12-21 Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. Process for granulation of edible seeds
US20060286246A1 (en) * 2005-06-16 2006-12-21 Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. Preparation of bakery mixes
UA114467C2 (uk) 2010-07-16 2017-06-26 Конінклейке Дауве Егбертс Б.В. Спосіб формування порції напою, капсула або картридж для її приготування та спосіб формування порції харчового продукту з порошків з покращеною диспергованістю, упакований продукт та спосіб отримання спільно помеленого порошкоподібного складу
GB2482032B (en) 2010-07-16 2013-04-10 Kraft Foods R & D Inc Coffee products and related processes
DE102014105481B4 (de) 2013-05-16 2015-01-22 Kennametal India Limited Verfahren zum Mahlen von Carbid und Anwendungen davon
CN116550448A (zh) * 2023-06-25 2023-08-08 江西智锂科技股份有限公司 一种破碎磷酸盐正极材料的方法

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FR1094977A (fr) * 1953-11-28 1955-05-25 Installation de broyage à très basse température en présence de gaz liquéfiés
CH381509A (de) * 1960-05-24 1964-08-31 Bruendler Hans Misch- und Feinstzerkleinerungsmaschine für tierische, pflanzliche und andere Stoffe
US3973733A (en) * 1973-01-29 1976-08-10 Gilbert Associates Inc. Method and apparatus for comminution of coal and other materials to ultrafine sizes
DE2632045C2 (de) * 1976-07-16 1982-12-02 Emmy 5014 Kerpen Helwig Vorrichtung zur Explosionszerkleinerung von Samen, Früchten oder Pflanzen
DE3231465A1 (de) * 1982-08-25 1984-03-01 Theodor 4720 Beckum Paschedag Verfahren zum extrahieren von pflanzen- oder tierteilen
DE3347152C2 (de) * 1982-12-30 1995-04-20 Kohlensaeurewerk Deutschland Verfahren zur Explosionszerkleinerung von Zellmaterial
DE3509759A1 (de) * 1985-03-19 1986-09-25 Kohlensaeurewerk Deutschland Verfahren zum aufschliessen von bluetenpollen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0226650A (ja) 1990-01-29
PT90580A (pt) 1989-12-29
NO174797B (no) 1994-04-05
US4934608A (en) 1990-06-19
NO174797C (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1994-07-13
DE3818915A1 (de) 1989-12-14
ZA894107B (en) 1990-03-28
IL90327A0 (en) 1989-12-15
NO892268D0 (no) 1989-06-02
ATE114505T1 (de) 1994-12-15
DE58908672D1 (de) 1995-01-12
PT90580B (pt) 1995-03-01
FI892726A7 (fi) 1989-12-04
EP0344655A3 (en) 1990-12-05
NO892268L (no) 1989-12-04
DK271789A (da) 1989-12-14
EP0344655A2 (de) 1989-12-06
FI892726A0 (fi) 1989-06-02
TR24740A (tr) 1992-03-06
FI892726L (fi) 1989-12-04
DK271789D0 (da) 1989-06-02

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