EP0344192B1 - Process and equipment for the manufacture of chip-board and board of similar materials - Google Patents

Process and equipment for the manufacture of chip-board and board of similar materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0344192B1
EP0344192B1 EP88901546A EP88901546A EP0344192B1 EP 0344192 B1 EP0344192 B1 EP 0344192B1 EP 88901546 A EP88901546 A EP 88901546A EP 88901546 A EP88901546 A EP 88901546A EP 0344192 B1 EP0344192 B1 EP 0344192B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fill
edge
particles
belt
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88901546A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0344192A1 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Ahrweiler
Bernd Heimes
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Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
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Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to AT88901546T priority Critical patent/ATE69762T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/24—Moulding or pressing characterised by using continuously acting presses having endless belts or chains moved within the compression zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of the type corresponding to the preamble of claim 1 and a corresponding system, as are known from DE-C-23 55 797.
  • the form tapes had no thermal contact with the support structure or the one from the edge DE-C- 23 55 797 known construction the heat from the support structure to the form-transferring, the entire width rolling rollers more, so that the temperature of the shape of the tapes dropped significantly towards the edge.
  • the marginal areas contracted lengthways and, as the wide central area of the forming tapes was at working temperature, considerable thermal stresses developed.
  • Such thermal stresses became critical in the area of the deflecting drums because the thermal stresses there were superimposed on the stresses caused by the considerable longitudinal tension of the forming tapes and the stresses due to their deflection due to the stretching of the outer fiber.
  • the invention has for its object to design a generic method and such a system so that on a double belt press of a predetermined nominal working width, the webs resulting in a smaller width can also be run.
  • the drop in temperature at the edge of the form belts which would otherwise have been caused by the system missing in the smaller working widths and the associated poorer heat transfer into the form bands, is avoided by the fact that the system is now artificially manufactured there. As a result, heat from the support structure is also transferred to the forming belts in the peripheral zone, so that the temperature drop does not occur or can in any case be limited to a harmless level.
  • the system pressure does not have to be be exactly the same as the system pressure in the middle part of the width corresponding to the fill, although this would of course be preferable to create ideally equal conditions. However, it is also sufficient if the system pressure is only so high that the temperature can be kept at a value which limits the thermal stresses to an acceptable level.
  • the arrangement of the forming tapes on the support structure under pressure, which ensures heat transfer, is produced in the invention with simple means, namely using the particles which are available in any case. Because of the character of these particles, this pressure is automatically adapted to the compression properties of the bed in the central region.
  • the particles for the edge fill should be free of binders, because they would otherwise also harden and the hardened edge parts of the formed plate would have to be discarded, which is just as uneconomical as producing a wider plate from the outset and using a wide edge strip to reduce it to the desired smaller one To be trimmed.
  • the particles for the edge fill can be taken from the supply for the main fill according to claim 2.
  • the moisture content is of crucial importance for the amount of heat that is extracted from the forming belt, because the liquid contained in the particles, mostly water, evaporates and the necessary for it Amount of heat must be applied. So if the temperature of the edge zone of the forming tapes is to be kept high, it is advisable to ensure that as little heat as possible is lost for the evaporation of water in this area, ie the particles here, including the binder, have a lower moisture content than that Particles of the main bed.
  • the procedure according to claim 4 is recommended, according to which the particles of the edge fill are returned to the supply which also feeds the main fill, so that at least some of the particles of the edge fill are processed into a plate after a single pass and essentially for the Edge fill always new particles are used.
  • a double belt press for the production of chipboard, fiberboard and other plate-shaped materials is shown, which consist of particles bound by means of a binder that cures under pressure and heat. It comprises an upper forming belt 1 made of sheet steel of about 1 to 1.5 mm in thickness and a similar lower forming belt 2. Between the forming belts 1, 2, a web 4 is pressed out of a bed 4 'in a pressing section 3, which is made of a pourable material exists that results in one of the aforementioned materials after pressing.
  • the upper forming belt 1 runs around rollers or drums 5,6 arranged transversely to the web 4, of which the drum 6 can be pivoted in a fixed stand 7, the drum 5 in a support 8 on the floor about an axis running transversely to the web 4 Stand 9 is mounted.
  • the stand 9 is moved via the hydraulic cylinder 10 and the forming belt 1 is stretched in this way.
  • the forming belt 2 runs over drums 11, 12 arranged transversely to the web 4, of which the drum 11 is mounted in a fixed stand 13, the drum 12 in a stand 14 movable on rails is.
  • the stand 14 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the web by hydraulic cylinders 15 and the forming belt 2 can be tensioned in this way.
  • the form belts are driven by the drums.
  • the form strips 1,2 run in the sense indicated by the arrows 16 through the device, so that the bed 4 'applied to the right side according to FIG. 1 by means not shown is drawn into the pressing section 3.
  • the outgoing compressed web 4 is removed in the left area of the forming belt 2 according to FIG. 1 by suitable devices, not shown.
  • an upper support structure 17 is provided in the inner region of the forming belt 1, which cooperates with a lower supporting structure 18 provided in the inner region of the lower forming belt 2.
  • the support structures 17, 18 support the areas of the shaping tapes 1, 2 facing the web 4 against the web and press them flatly against one another with great force.
  • the support structures 17, 18 each consist of individual supports 19, 20, which are arranged opposite one another above and below the form belts 1, 2 and the web 4 (FIG. 2). Each pair of supports 19, 20 is clamped by lateral spindles 21 (FIG. 3), so that individual pressure members which are self-contained are formed.
  • Strong plates 26, 27 are located between the carriers 19, 20 and the shaping bands 1, 2, which transmit the force exerted by the individual carriers 19, 20 evenly to the shaping bands 1, 2 and contain the channels 40 (FIG. 4). in which heating elements are arranged or through which a heating medium is passed.
  • Roller chains 30 are arranged between the mutually facing sides of the plates 26, 27 and the shaping belts 1, 2, on which the shaping belts 1, 2 roll relative to the plates 26, 27 and which run endlessly in a vertical longitudinal plane around the plates 26, 27.
  • the rollers of the roller chains 30 transmit both the pressure and the heat of the plates 26, 27 to the shaping belts 1, 2 and thus the web 4 that forms.
  • roller chains 30 can either in the actual pressing area, i.e. between the carriers 19, 20 and the plates 26, 27 can be returned, as is indicated in FIG. 2 for the plate 26 and in FIG. 4.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the roller chains 30 maintain their temperature substantially constant during circulation.
  • the plates 26, 27 are made up of a heating and support plate 43 and a separate return plate 44 with return grooves 42 for the roller chains 30. It is a partial cross section through an edge region located above the web 4 according to FIG. 2.
  • the plates 43 have the heating channels 40, which are connected to one another at the ends via pipe elbows 45 to form a closed conduit, and smooth running surfaces 41, which form the common rolling surfaces for the roller chains 30 arranged next to one another, which can be seen in FIG. 4.
  • roller chains 30 roll between them and the facing running surfaces 41 of the plates 43. Adjacent roller chains 30 lie directly opposite one another with their outer end faces.
  • the right edge 31 of the bed and the plate web 4 according to FIG. 4 lies approximately at the level of the right edge of the roller chains 30.
  • a bed 33 of wood shavings or other suitable particles is then applied in the usual way to the forming belt 2, the width 38 of which is less than the nominal working width 34 and is characterized by the position of the edge 32 in FIG. 4.
  • These wood chips or other particles are provided with binders, which is to be indicated in the drop area 39 in FIG. 2 and in FIGS. 4 to 6 by the dotted lines.
  • edge beds 36 are sprinkled in the two edge zones 35 of the pressing section 3 which are not covered by the bed 33 and which extend outward from the edge 32 of the main bed 33 to the edge 31 of the pressing area and provide a counterpressure there. which holds the forming tapes 1, 2 in the edge zones 35 in a comparable manner against the roller chains 30, as is the case in the area of the main bed 33.
  • the material of the edge fill 36 is the same as that of the main fill 33. It is taken from the common supply 50 (FIG. 6) of unglued chips via conveyor sections 51, from which the material for the main fill 33 is also drawn off via the conveyor section 52. However, binder is added to the material for the main bed 33 before it is sprinkled in the conveyor section 52 from the binder supply 53. After passing through the press section 3, the main bed 33 is bound to the plate web 4, while the material of the edge beds 36, which contains no binder, is still loose and spreadable. This material can therefore, after leaving the press section 3, be returned to the supply 50 via the return conveyor sections 54 and be mixed with the main amount there. It therefore takes part in the production of the plate web 4 and does not circulate endlessly as a separate quantity only to form the edge beds 36.
  • the moisture content of the particles for the edge beds 36 can be adjusted, for example to a lower value, by moisture regulating devices 55 connected to the conveyor sections 51 independently of the moisture content of the particles for the main bed 33, so that at the edge not so much heat for the pure evaporation of existing moisture is lost and the desired temperature increase at the edge is easier to achieve.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE88/00064 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 16, 1989 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 16, 1989 PCT Filed Feb. 11, 1988 PCT Pub. No. WO88/06082 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 25, 1988.In a double-belt press for the manufacture of wood chip boards and the like having a width less than the nominal working width of the double-belt press, the forming belts are held in contact with the support structure so as to ensure heat transfer in the edge portion of the pressing zone extending beyond the edge of the filling which produces the boards to the region near the edge of the pressing zone. In this edge portion, an edge filling composed of unbonded particles is compressed on a compressible rotating belt.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren der dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 entsprechenden Art sowie eine entsprechende Anlage, wie sie aus der DE-C- 23 55 797 bekannt sind.The invention relates to a method of the type corresponding to the preamble of claim 1 and a corresponding system, as are known from DE-C-23 55 797.

Eine solche Anlage stellt eine erhebliche Investition dar, und es besteht bei den Betreibern daher der Wunsch, auf einer solchen Anlage nicht nur der Nenn-Arbeitsbreite entsprechende Plattenbreiten herstellen zu können, sondern bedarfsweise auch Platten einer geringeren Breite. Beispielsweise sind im Handel übliche Plattenbreiten 210 und 185 cm. Bei dem Versuch, die geringere Plattenbreite auf der für die größere Plattenbreite ausgelegten Anlage zu fahren, indem die Breite der Schüttung entsprechend geringer eingestellt wird, traten bisher Probleme auf, weil die über den Rand der Schüttung nach außen vorstehenden Ränder der Formbänder keinen Gegendruck mehr erfuhren und nicht mehr ausreichend gegen die Stützkonstruktion, aus der nicht nur der Druck, sondern auch die Wärme auf die Formbänder übertragen wird, angedrückt wurden. Dadurch hatten die Formbänder an Rand keinen Wärmekontakt mit der Stützkonstruktion bzw. den bei der aus der DE-C- 23 55 797 bekannten Konstruktion die Wärme von der Stützkonstruktion auf die Formbänder übertragenden, deren ganze Breite überrollenden Rollen mehr, so daß die Temperatur der Formbänder zum Rand hin erheblich absank. Dadurch zogen sich die Randbereiche der Länge nach zusammen und entstanden, da der breite Mittelbereich der Formbänder auf Arbeitstemperatur sich befand, erhebliche Wärmespannungen. Kritisch wurden derartige Wärmespannungen im Bereich der Umlenktrommeln, weil sich dort die Wärmespannungen mit den durch den erheblichen Längszug der Formbänder und den durch deren Umlenkung durch die Dehnung der äußeren Faser hinzukommenden Spannungen überlagerte. Dadurch entstanden Gesamtzugspannungen auf der Außenseite der über die Umlenktrommeln geleiteten Bereiche der Formbänder, die in die Nähe der Fließspannung kamen und diese teilweise überschritten, jedenfalls aber im Dauerbetrieb zu Problemen führten, zumal die Formbänder aus korrosionsfestem Stahl bestehen, der Dauerbiegebeanspruchungen nicht übermäßig gut gewachsen ist.Such a system represents a considerable investment, and operators therefore wish to be able to manufacture not only panel widths corresponding to the nominal working width on such a system, but also, if necessary, panels of a smaller width. For example, the usual panel widths are 210 and 185 cm. Attempts to drive the smaller plate width on the system designed for the larger plate width by setting the width of the bed correspondingly smaller have previously encountered problems because the edges of the forming strips projecting beyond the edge of the bed no longer experienced any counterpressure and were no longer sufficiently pressed against the support structure, from which not only the pressure but also the heat is transferred to the forming belts. As a result, the form tapes had no thermal contact with the support structure or the one from the edge DE-C- 23 55 797 known construction the heat from the support structure to the form-transferring, the entire width rolling rollers more, so that the temperature of the shape of the tapes dropped significantly towards the edge. As a result, the marginal areas contracted lengthways and, as the wide central area of the forming tapes was at working temperature, considerable thermal stresses developed. Such thermal stresses became critical in the area of the deflecting drums because the thermal stresses there were superimposed on the stresses caused by the considerable longitudinal tension of the forming tapes and the stresses due to their deflection due to the stretching of the outer fiber. This resulted in total tensile stresses on the outside of the areas of the forming tapes passed over the deflection drums, which came close to and sometimes exceeded the yield stress, but at least led to problems in continuous operation, especially since the forming tapes are made of corrosion-resistant steel, which is not able to withstand the permanent bending stresses excessively well .

Ahnliche Probleme traten bei Doppelbandpressen auch früher schon auf, und zwar auch dann, wenn mit der Nennbreite gefahren wurde. Die Schüttung reicht nämlich nicht genau bis an den Rand der Formbänder , sondern es stehen diese ein gewisses Stück in Querrichtung über die Schüttung und auch über den Rand des überrollten Bereiches über. Auch hier kam es zu Temperaturabfällen und den dadurch bedingten Spannungen.Similar problems have also occurred with double belt presses before, even if the nominal width was used. The bed does not extend exactly to the edge of the forming tapes, but they protrude a certain amount in the transverse direction over the bed and also over the edge of the rolled-over area. Here too there was a drop in temperature and the resulting tensions.

Bei der Presse nach der DE-C 22 43 465 wurde versucht, den Temperaturabfall durch eine Beheizung der überstehenden Ränder der Formbänder in Grenzen zu halten. Es wurde jedoch gefunden, daß es notwendig ist, die Ränder der Formbänder praktisch auf ihrer ganzen Länge zu beheizen, weil andernfalls die Temperatur hinter einer Heizstelle sofort wieder abfällt. Eine Beheizung auf der ganzen Länge stellt jedoch erhebliche bauliche Probleme und kommt auch wegen des großen Aufwandes im allgemeinen nicht in Betracht.In the press according to DE-C 22 43 465 an attempt was made to keep the temperature drop within limits by heating the protruding edges of the forming tapes. However, it has been found that it is necessary to remove the edges of the To heat forming tapes practically over their entire length, because otherwise the temperature behind a heating point will drop immediately. Heating over the entire length, however, poses considerable structural problems and is generally not an option because of the great expense involved.

Eine andere Lösung ist gemäß der DE-C- 28 19 943 darin gefunden worden, den überstehenden Rand der Formbänder zu wellen, so daß bei einem Temperaturabfall zum Rande hin dort gewissermaßen mehr Material zur Verfügung steht und bei einer thermisch bedingten Kontraktion nicht so hohe Längszugspannungen auftreten. Diese Maßnahme ist zwar bei überstehenden Rändern von einigen wenigen Zentimetern praktikabel, jedoch nicht mehr, wenn diese Ränder, in denen ein Temperaturabfall zu verzeichnen ist, mehrere zehn Zentimeter betragen.Another solution has been found according to DE-C-28 19 943 in corrugating the protruding edge of the forming tapes, so that in the event of a temperature drop towards the edge there is a certain amount of material available there and with a thermally induced contraction not so high longitudinal tensile stresses occur. This measure is practicable with protruding edges of a few centimeters, but no longer if these edges, in which there is a drop in temperature, are several tens of centimeters.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren und eine solche Anlage so auszugestalten, daß auf einer Doppelbandpresse einer vorgegebenen Nenn-Arbeitsbreite auch die Platten ergebende Bahnen einer geringeren Breite gefahren werden können.The invention has for its object to design a generic method and such a system so that on a double belt press of a predetermined nominal working width, the webs resulting in a smaller width can also be run.

Diese Aufgabe wird in ihrem verfahrensmäßigen Aspekt erfindungsgemäß durch die in Anspruch 1 wiedergegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved in its procedural aspect according to the invention by the features set out in claim 1.

Der Temperaturabfall am Rande der Formbänder, der sonst durch die dort bei geringeren Arbeitsbreiten fehlende Anlage und die damit einhergehende schlechtere Wärmeübertragung in die Formbänder zustande kam, wird vermieden, indem die Anlage dort nun eben künstlich hergestellt wird. Dadurch geht nach wie vor Wärme aus der Stützkonstruktion auch in der Randzone auf die Formbänder über, so daß der Temperaturabfall unterbleibt bzw. jedenfalls auf ein unschädliches Maß begrenzt werden kann. Der Anlagedruck muß nicht unbedingt genau gleich dem Anlagedruck in dem mittleren, der Schüttung entsprechenden Teil der Breite sein, wiewohl dies natürlich zur Schaffung ideal gleicher Verhältnisse vorzuziehen wäre. Es genügt aber auch, wenn der Anlagedruck nur so hoch ist, daß die Temperatur auf einem Wert gehalten werden kann, der die Wärmespannungen auf ein erträgliches Maß beschränkt. Die die Wärmeübertragung sichernde Anlage der Formbänder an der Stützkonstruktion unter Druck wird bei der Erfindung mit einfachen Mitteln, nämlich unter Verwendung der ohnehin zur Verfügung stehenden Partikel erzeugt. Dieser Druck ist wegen des Charakters dieser Partikel von selbst den Kompressionseigenschaften der Schüttung in dem Mittelbereich angepaßt. Die Partikel für die Randschüttung sollen bindemittelfrei sein, weil sie ja sonst mit aushärten würden und die ausgehärteten Randteile der gebildeten Platte verworfen werden müßten, was ebenso unwirtschaftlich ist, wie von vornherein eine breitere Platte herzustellen und diese unter Verwerfung eines breiten Randstreifens auf das gewünschte geringere Breitenmaß zu besäumen.The drop in temperature at the edge of the form belts, which would otherwise have been caused by the system missing in the smaller working widths and the associated poorer heat transfer into the form bands, is avoided by the fact that the system is now artificially manufactured there. As a result, heat from the support structure is also transferred to the forming belts in the peripheral zone, so that the temperature drop does not occur or can in any case be limited to a harmless level. The system pressure does not have to be be exactly the same as the system pressure in the middle part of the width corresponding to the fill, although this would of course be preferable to create ideally equal conditions. However, it is also sufficient if the system pressure is only so high that the temperature can be kept at a value which limits the thermal stresses to an acceptable level. The arrangement of the forming tapes on the support structure under pressure, which ensures heat transfer, is produced in the invention with simple means, namely using the particles which are available in any case. Because of the character of these particles, this pressure is automatically adapted to the compression properties of the bed in the central region. The particles for the edge fill should be free of binders, because they would otherwise also harden and the hardened edge parts of the formed plate would have to be discarded, which is just as uneconomical as producing a wider plate from the outset and using a wide edge strip to reduce it to the desired smaller one To be trimmed.

Die Partikel für die Randschüttung können gemäß Anspruch 2 dem Vorrat für die Hauptschüttung entnommen werden.The particles for the edge fill can be taken from the supply for the main fill according to claim 2.

Es kann aber gemäß Anspruch 3 zwecmäßig sein, den Feuchtigkeitsgehalt dieser Partikel unabhängig von dem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt der Partikel für die Hauptschüttung einzustellen.However, it can be necessary, according to claim 3, to adjust the moisture content of these particles independently of the moisture content of the particles for the main bed.

Der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt ist nämlich für die Wärmemenge, die dem Formband entzogen wird, von entscheidender Bedeutung, weil ja die in den Partikeln enthaltene Flüssigkeit, überwiegend Wasser, verdampft und die dafür notwendige Wärmemenge aufgebracht werden muß. Wenn also die Temperatur der Randzone der Formbänder hoch gehalten werden soll, ist es zweckmäßig, dafür zu sorgen, daß in diesem Bereich möglichst wenig Wärme für die Verdampfung von Wasser verlorengeht, d.h. die Partikel hier, das Bindemittel eingerechnet, einen geringeren Feuchtigkeitsgehalt aufweisen als die Partikel der Hauptschüttung.The moisture content is of crucial importance for the amount of heat that is extracted from the forming belt, because the liquid contained in the particles, mostly water, evaporates and the necessary for it Amount of heat must be applied. So if the temperature of the edge zone of the forming tapes is to be kept high, it is advisable to ensure that as little heat as possible is lost for the evaporation of water in this area, ie the particles here, including the binder, have a lower moisture content than that Particles of the main bed.

Wenn für die Randschüttung immer wieder dieselbe Menge an Partikeln verwendet würde, würden diese im Laufe der Zeit zerrüttet werden und in ihren mechanischen Eigenschaften von den Partikeln der Hauptschüttung abweichen.If the same amount of particles were used again and again for the edge fill, these would be shattered over time and their mechanical properties would differ from the particles of the main fill.

Aus diesem Grund empfiehlt sich die Verfahrensführung nach Anspruch 4, wonach die Partikel der Randschüttung in den Vorrat zurückgeführt werden, der auch die Hauptschüttung speist, so daß mindestens ein Teil der Partikel der Randschüttung nach einmaligem Durchlauf zu einer Platte verarbeitet wird und im wesentlichen für die Randschüttung immer neue Partikel verwendet werden.For this reason, the procedure according to claim 4 is recommended, according to which the particles of the edge fill are returned to the supply which also feeds the main fill, so that at least some of the particles of the edge fill are processed into a plate after a single pass and essentially for the Edge fill always new particles are used.

Der vorrichtungsmäßige Aspekt der Erfindung ist in den Ansprüchen 5 bis 7 wiedergegeben.The device aspect of the invention is given in claims 5 to 7.

In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung in Gestalt einer Anlage zur Herstellung von Holzspanplatten und dergleichen dargestellt.

  • Fig. 1 ist eine Seitenansicht einer Doppelbandpresse, an der die Erfindung anwendbar ist;
  • Fig. 2 ist ein vertikaler Längsschnitt durch die Doppelbandpresse nach der Linie II-II in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 3 ist ein Querschnitt durch die Doppelbandpresse nach der Linie III-III in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 ist ein Teilquerschnitt durch den in Fig. 3 mit einer punktierten Umrahmung versehenen Randbereich IV;
  • Fig. 5 ist eine Teilansicht von oben auf den in Fig. 2 mit V-V gekennzeichneten Querbereich der Schüttung;
  • Fig. 6 ist ein Späneflußdiagramm der Schüttung nach Fig. 5.
In the drawing, embodiments of the invention are shown in the form of a plant for the production of chipboard and the like.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of a double belt press to which the invention is applicable;
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the double belt press along the line II-II in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 3 is a cross section through the double belt press along the line III-III in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross section through the edge region IV provided with a dotted frame in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a partial top view of the transverse region of the bed marked VV in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a chip flow diagram of the bed of FIG. 5.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Doppelbandpresse zur Herstellung von Holzspanplatten, Holzfaserplatten und anderen plattenförmigen Werkstoffen dargestellt, die aus mittels eines unter Druck und Wärme aushärtenden Bindemittels gebundenen Partikeln bestehen. Sie umfaßt ein oberes Formband 1 aus Stahlblech von etwa 1 bis 1,5 mm Stärke und ein ebensolches unteres Formband 2. Zwischen den Formbändern 1,2 wird in einer Preßstrecke 3 eine Bahn 4 aus einer Schüttung 4′ zusammengepreßt, die aus einem schüttfähigen Material besteht, das nach dem Pressen einen der vorgenannten Werkstoffe ergibt.In Fig. 1, a double belt press for the production of chipboard, fiberboard and other plate-shaped materials is shown, which consist of particles bound by means of a binder that cures under pressure and heat. It comprises an upper forming belt 1 made of sheet steel of about 1 to 1.5 mm in thickness and a similar lower forming belt 2. Between the forming belts 1, 2, a web 4 is pressed out of a bed 4 'in a pressing section 3, which is made of a pourable material exists that results in one of the aforementioned materials after pressing.

Das obere Formband 1 läuft um quer zur Bahn 4 anseordnete Rollen oder Trommeln 5,6 um, von denen die Trommel 6 in einem feststehenden Ständer 7, die Trommel 5 in einem um ein Auflager 8 am Boden um eine quer zur Bahn 4 verlaufende Achse schwenkbaren Ständer 9 gelagert ist. Der Ständer 9 wird über Hydraulikzylinder 10 bewegt und das Formband 1 so gespannt.The upper forming belt 1 runs around rollers or drums 5,6 arranged transversely to the web 4, of which the drum 6 can be pivoted in a fixed stand 7, the drum 5 in a support 8 on the floor about an axis running transversely to the web 4 Stand 9 is mounted. The stand 9 is moved via the hydraulic cylinder 10 and the forming belt 1 is stretched in this way.

Entsprechend läuft das Formband 2 über quer zur Bahn 4 angeordnete Trommeln 11,12 um, von denen die Trommel 11 in einem feststehenden Ständer 13, die Trommel 12 in einem auf Schienen beweglichen Ständer 14 gelagert ist. Der Ständer 14 kann durch Hydraulikzylinder 15 in Längsrichtung zur Bahn verschoben und das Formband 2 auf diese Weise gespannt werden. Die Formbänder werden über die Trommeln angetrieben.Correspondingly, the forming belt 2 runs over drums 11, 12 arranged transversely to the web 4, of which the drum 11 is mounted in a fixed stand 13, the drum 12 in a stand 14 movable on rails is. The stand 14 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the web by hydraulic cylinders 15 and the forming belt 2 can be tensioned in this way. The form belts are driven by the drums.

Die Formbänder 1,2 laufen in dem durch die Pfeile 16 angedeuteten Sinn durch die Vorrichtung, so daß die auf der gemäß Fig. 1 rechten Seite durch nicht dargestellte Einrichtungen aufgebrachte Schüttung 4′ in die Preßstrecke 3 hineingezogen wird. Die auslaufende zusammengepreBte Bahn 4 wird in dem gemäß Fig. 1 linken Bereich des Formbandes 2 durch geeignete nicht dargestellte Vorrichtungen abgenommen. In der Preßstrecke 3 ist im Innenbereich des Formbandes 1 eine obere Stützkonstruktion 17 vorgesehen, die mit einer im Innenbereich des unteren Formbandes 2 vorgesehenen unteren Stützkonstruktion 18 zusammenwirkt. Die Stützkonstruktionen 17,18 stützen die der Bahn 4 zugewandten Bereiche der Formbänder 1,2 gegen die Bahn ab und pressen sie mit großer Kraft flächig gegeneinander.The form strips 1,2 run in the sense indicated by the arrows 16 through the device, so that the bed 4 'applied to the right side according to FIG. 1 by means not shown is drawn into the pressing section 3. The outgoing compressed web 4 is removed in the left area of the forming belt 2 according to FIG. 1 by suitable devices, not shown. In the pressing section 3, an upper support structure 17 is provided in the inner region of the forming belt 1, which cooperates with a lower supporting structure 18 provided in the inner region of the lower forming belt 2. The support structures 17, 18 support the areas of the shaping tapes 1, 2 facing the web 4 against the web and press them flatly against one another with great force.

Die Stützkonstruktionen 17,18 bestehen jeweils aus einzelnen Trägern 19,20, die jeweils einander gegenüberliegend oberhalb und unterhalb der Formbänder 1,2 und der Bahn 4 angeordnet sind (Fig. 2). Jedes Trägerpaar 19, 20 ist durch seitliche Spindeln 21 verklammert (Fig. 3), so daß einzelne kräftemäßig in sich abgeschlossene Druckglieder gebildet sind.The support structures 17, 18 each consist of individual supports 19, 20, which are arranged opposite one another above and below the form belts 1, 2 and the web 4 (FIG. 2). Each pair of supports 19, 20 is clamped by lateral spindles 21 (FIG. 3), so that individual pressure members which are self-contained are formed.

Zwischen den Trägern 19,20 und den Formbändern 1, 2 befinden sich starke Platten 26,27, die die von den einzelnen Trägern 19,20 ausgeübte Kraft ebenflächig auf die Formbänder 1,2 übertragen und die Kanäle 40 (Fig. 4) enthalten, in denen Heizelemente angeordnet sind oder durch die ein Heizmedium hindurchgeleitet wird.Strong plates 26, 27 are located between the carriers 19, 20 and the shaping bands 1, 2, which transmit the force exerted by the individual carriers 19, 20 evenly to the shaping bands 1, 2 and contain the channels 40 (FIG. 4). in which heating elements are arranged or through which a heating medium is passed.

Zwischen den einander zugewandten Seiten der Platten 26,27 und den Formbändern 1,2 sind Rollenketten 30 angeordnet, auf denen die Formbänder 1,2 gegenüber den Platten 26,27 abrollen und die endlos in einer vertikalen Längsebene um die Platten 26,27 umlaufen. Die Rollen der Rollenketten 30 übertragen sowohl den Druck als auch die Wärme der Platten 26,27 auf die Formbänder 1,2 und damit die sich bildende Bahn 4.Roller chains 30 are arranged between the mutually facing sides of the plates 26, 27 and the shaping belts 1, 2, on which the shaping belts 1, 2 roll relative to the plates 26, 27 and which run endlessly in a vertical longitudinal plane around the plates 26, 27. The rollers of the roller chains 30 transmit both the pressure and the heat of the plates 26, 27 to the shaping belts 1, 2 and thus the web 4 that forms.

Die Rollenketten 30 können, nachdem eine bestimmte Stelle derselben am Ende des Längenabschnitts 3 angekommen ist, entweder im eigentlichen Preßbereich, d.h. zwischen den Trägern 19,20 und den Platten 26,27 zurückgeleitet werden, wie es in Fig. 2 bei der Platte 26 und und in Fig. 4 angedeutet ist. Diese Ausführung hat den Vorzug, daß die Rollenketten 30 beim Umlauf ihre Temperatur im wesentlichen gleichbleibend beibehalten. Es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, die Rollenketten 30 außen um die Stützkonstruktion herumzuführen, wie es bei der Stützkonstruktion 18 in Fig. 2 unten zu sehen ist.After a certain point of the roller chains has arrived at the end of the length section 3, the roller chains 30 can either in the actual pressing area, i.e. between the carriers 19, 20 and the plates 26, 27 can be returned, as is indicated in FIG. 2 for the plate 26 and in FIG. 4. This embodiment has the advantage that the roller chains 30 maintain their temperature substantially constant during circulation. However, there is also the possibility of guiding the roller chains 30 around the outside of the support structure, as can be seen at the bottom of the support structure 18 in FIG. 2.

Gemäß Fig. 4 sind die Platten 26,27 aus einer Heiz- und Stützplatte 43 und einer davon getrennten Rücklaufplatte 44 mit Rücklaufnuten 42 für die Rollenketten 30 aufgebaut. Es handelt sich um einen Teilquerschnitt durch einen gemäß Fig. 2 oberhalb der Bahn 4 gelegenen Randbereich.According to FIG. 4, the plates 26, 27 are made up of a heating and support plate 43 and a separate return plate 44 with return grooves 42 for the roller chains 30. It is a partial cross section through an edge region located above the web 4 according to FIG. 2.

Die Platten 43 weisen die Heizkanäle 40, die an den Enden über Rohrkrümmer 45 zu einem geschlossenen Leitungsweg miteinander verbunden sind, sowie glatte Laufflächen 41 auf, die die gemeinsamen Abrollflächen für die nebeneinander angeordneten Rollenketten 30 bilden, die in Fig. 4 erkennbar sind.The plates 43 have the heating channels 40, which are connected to one another at the ends via pipe elbows 45 to form a closed conduit, and smooth running surfaces 41, which form the common rolling surfaces for the roller chains 30 arranged next to one another, which can be seen in FIG. 4.

Die Rollenketten 30 rollen bei der Vorwärtsbewegung der Formbänder 1,2 zwischen diesen und den einander zugewandten Laufflächen 41 der Platten 43 ab. Benachbarte Rollenketten 30 liegen dabei mit ihren äußeren Stirnflächen einander unmittelbar gegenüber.During the forward movement of the shaping belts 1, 2, the roller chains 30 roll between them and the facing running surfaces 41 of the plates 43. Adjacent roller chains 30 lie directly opposite one another with their outer end faces.

Wesentlich an der Kettenanordnung ist die Tatsache, daß je zwei benachbarte Rollenketten 30 unabhängig voneinander vorwärtsbeweglich sind. Die Gesamtheit der Abstützelemente der Formbänder 1,2 bildet ein Feld, das in Längsrichtung in Einzelstränge unterteilt ist, die sich bei entsprechender Beanspruchung in Längsrichtung gegeneinander verschieben können. Es können sich also keine durch unterschiedliche Mitnahme durch die Formbänder entstehenden Zwangskräfte innerhalb der Rollenkettenanordnung ausbilden.What is essential to the chain arrangement is the fact that two adjacent roller chains 30 can be moved forward independently of one another. The entirety of the support elements of the shaping belts 1, 2 forms a field which is divided in the longitudinal direction into individual strands which, in the event of corresponding stress, can be displaced in the longitudinal direction. It is therefore not possible for any constraining forces arising from the different entrainment of the form belts to form within the roller chain arrangement.

Wenn auf der dargestellten Doppelbandpresse mit der vollen Arbeitsbreite 34 gefahren wird, liegt der gemäß Fig. 4 rechte Rand 31 der Schüttung und der Plattenbahn 4 etwa in Höhe des rechten Randes der Rollenketten 30. Es seinun aber erwünscht, auf der gleichen Presse eine schmälere Plattenbahn herzustellen, deren gemäß Fig. 4 rechter Rand 32 also im Innern des Rollbereichs der Rollenketten 30 gelegen ist.When driving on the double belt press shown with the full working width 34, the right edge 31 of the bed and the plate web 4 according to FIG. 4 lies approximately at the level of the right edge of the roller chains 30. However, it is desirable to have a narrower plate web on the same press 4, whose right edge 32 is located in the interior of the rolling area of the roller chains 30.

Es wird dann in der üblichen Weise eine Schüttung 33 aus Holzspänen oder sonstigen in Betracht kommenden Partikeln auf das Formband 2 aufgebracht, deren Breite 38 geringer als die Nenn-Arbeitsbreite 34 und durch die Lage des Randes 32 in Fig. 4 charakterisiert ist. Diese Holzspäne oder sonstigen Partikel sind mit Bindemittel versehen, was in dem Fallbereich 39 in Fig. 2 und in den Fig. 4 bis 6 durch eingezeichnete Punkte angedeutet sein soll.A bed 33 of wood shavings or other suitable particles is then applied in the usual way to the forming belt 2, the width 38 of which is less than the nominal working width 34 and is characterized by the position of the edge 32 in FIG. 4. These wood chips or other particles are provided with binders, which is to be indicated in the drop area 39 in FIG. 2 and in FIGS. 4 to 6 by the dotted lines.

Wenn die mit Bindemittel versehene Schüttung 33 in die Preßstrecke 3 einliefe, fehlte den Formbändern 1,2 in der Randzone 35 (Fig. 4, 5) der Gegendruck, weil die Schüttung 33 ja schmäler ist als die Nenn-Arbeitsbreite 34. Aus diesem Grunde würde die Wärme durch die Rollenketten 30 in der äußeren Randzone in wesentlich geringerem Maß in die Formbänder 1,2 übertragen und würde sich dort in Querrichtung ein deutlicher Temperaturabfall mit den entsprechenden Wärmespannungen in Längsrichtung einstellen.If the filler 33 provided with binder ran into the pressing section 3, the molding tapes 1, 2 in the edge zone 35 (FIGS. 4, 5) lacked the counterpressure because the fill 33 is narrower than the nominal working width 34. For this reason the heat would be transferred by the roller chains 30 in the outer edge zone to a much lesser extent into the form belts 1, 2 and there would be a significant drop in temperature in the transverse direction with the corresponding thermal stresses in the longitudinal direction.

Um dies zu verhindern, werden in den beiden von der Schüttung 33 nicht erfaßten Randzonen 35 der Preßstrekke 3 zusätzliche Randschüttungen 36 aufgestreut, die sich von dem Rand 32 der Hauptschüttung 33 nach außen bis zu dem Rand 31 des Preßbereichs erstrecken und dort einen Gegendruck liefern, der die Formbänder 1,2 in den Randzonen 35 in einer vergleichbaren Weise in Anlage an den Rollenketten 30 hält, wie es im Bereich der Hauptschüttung 33 der Fall ist.In order to prevent this, additional edge beds 36 are sprinkled in the two edge zones 35 of the pressing section 3 which are not covered by the bed 33 and which extend outward from the edge 32 of the main bed 33 to the edge 31 of the pressing area and provide a counterpressure there. which holds the forming tapes 1, 2 in the edge zones 35 in a comparable manner against the roller chains 30, as is the case in the area of the main bed 33.

Das Material der Randschüttung 36 ist das gleiche wie das der Hauptschüttung 33. Es wird dem gemeinsamen Vorrat 50 (Fig. 6) unbeleimter Späne über Förderstrecken 51 entnommen, aus welchem über die Förderstrecke 52 auch das Material für die Hauptschüttung 33 abgezogen wird. Dem Material für die Hauptschüttung 33 wird jedoch for dem Aufstreuen in der Förderstrecke 52 aus dem Bindemittelvorrat 53 noch Bindemittel zugesetzt. Nach dem Durchlaufen der Preßstrecke 3 ist die Hauptschüttung 33 zu der Plattenbahn 4 abgebunden, während das Material der Randschüttungen 36, welches kein Bindemittel enthält, nach wie vor lose und streufähig ist. Dieses Material kann deshalb nach dem Verlassen der Preßstrecke 3 über die Rückförderstrecken 54 in den Vorrat 50 zurückgeführt und dort mit der Hauptmenge vermischt werden. Es nimmt also an der Herstellung der Plattenbahn 4 teil und lauft nicht etwa als separate Menge nur zur Bildung der Randschüttungen 36 endlos mit um.The material of the edge fill 36 is the same as that of the main fill 33. It is taken from the common supply 50 (FIG. 6) of unglued chips via conveyor sections 51, from which the material for the main fill 33 is also drawn off via the conveyor section 52. However, binder is added to the material for the main bed 33 before it is sprinkled in the conveyor section 52 from the binder supply 53. After passing through the press section 3, the main bed 33 is bound to the plate web 4, while the material of the edge beds 36, which contains no binder, is still loose and spreadable. This material can therefore, after leaving the press section 3, be returned to the supply 50 via the return conveyor sections 54 and be mixed with the main amount there. It therefore takes part in the production of the plate web 4 and does not circulate endlessly as a separate quantity only to form the edge beds 36.

Der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt der Partikel für die Randschüttungen 36 kann durch in die Förderstrecken 51 eingeschaltete Feuchtigkeitsreguliereinrichtungen 55 gewünschtenfalls unabhängig von dem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt der Partikel für die Hauptschüttung 33 eingestellt werden, beispielsweise auf einen niedrigeren Wert, damit am Rand nicht so viel Wärme für die reine Verdampfung vorhandener Feuchtigkeit verlorengeht und die gewünschte Temperaturerhöhung am Rande leichter zu erzielen ist.If desired, the moisture content of the particles for the edge beds 36 can be adjusted, for example to a lower value, by moisture regulating devices 55 connected to the conveyor sections 51 independently of the moisture content of the particles for the main bed 33, so that at the edge not so much heat for the pure evaporation of existing moisture is lost and the desired temperature increase at the edge is easier to achieve.

Claims (7)

1. A process for the continuous preparation in a double band press of chipboard panels and similar board or panel materials consisting of particlecs held together by a bonding agent cured with the use of pressure and heat, in which press the bonding-agent-treated particles are scattered on to a horizontal run of a bottom shaping belt to form a bulk fill and, in a pressing path between the bottom metal shaping belt and the top metal shaping belt which co-rotate in the advance direction of the press, are cured with the use of pressure and heat to form a web resulting in the panels, the working pressure and the heat which is necessary for the formation being transferred in the pressing path from the press support construction to the belts and therefrom to the bulk fill, characterised in that an edge fill (36) of bonding-agent-free particles is scattered on to the bottom belt (2) and pressed with the remainder of the fill in the edge zone (35) which extends outside at least one edge (32) of the fill (33) resulting in the panels (4) to near the edge (31) of the pressing path.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterised in that the particles for the edge fill (36) are taken from the supply (50) providing the main fil (33) but before the addition of the bonding agent.
3. A process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the moisture content of the particles for the edge fill (36) is adjusted independently of the moisture content of the particles for the main fill (33).
4. A process according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that after passing through the pressing path (3) the particles of the edge fill (36) are returned to the supply (50) which feeds the main fill (33).
5. An apparatus for the continuous preparation of chipboard parcels and similar panel and board materials cons(sting of particles held together by a bonding agent cured with the use of pressure and heat, the apparatus comprising a double belt press having two metal shaping belts which are disposed one above another in a pressing path and bear on a support construction and between which a material is compressible in the pressing path with the use of pressure and heat, a scattering device being provided for scattering the bonding-agent-treated particles in a bulk fill on a horizontal run of the bottom shaping belt, characterised in that a further scattering device is provided by means of which an edge fill (36) of bonding-agent-free particles, the latter fill extending to near the edge of the pressing zone, can be scattered on the bottom shaping belt (2) outside the edges (32) of the main fill (33) which will subsequently form the panels.
6. An apparatus according to claim 5, characterised in that means (55) are provided for adjusting the moisture content of the edge fill particles (36) independently of the moisture content of the main fill particles (33).
7. An apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that conveying means are provided for returning the edge fill particles (36) to the supply (56) feeding the main fill (33).
EP88901546A 1987-02-17 1988-02-11 Process and equipment for the manufacture of chip-board and board of similar materials Expired - Lifetime EP0344192B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88901546T ATE69762T1 (en) 1987-02-17 1988-02-11 PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOD CHIPBOARDS AND SIMILAR PANEL MATERIALS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19873704940 DE3704940A1 (en) 1987-02-17 1987-02-17 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CHIPBOARD AND SIMILAR PANEL MATERIALS
DE3704940 1987-02-17

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EP0344192A1 EP0344192A1 (en) 1989-12-06
EP0344192B1 true EP0344192B1 (en) 1991-11-27

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EP (1) EP0344192B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02502528A (en)
CN (1) CN1007604B (en)
AT (1) ATE69762T1 (en)
AU (1) AU605557B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8807362A (en)
CA (1) CA1305649C (en)
CS (1) CS277002B6 (en)
DD (1) DD271488A5 (en)
DE (2) DE3704940A1 (en)
DK (1) DK166570B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2006568A6 (en)
FI (1) FI87058C (en)
HU (1) HU202142B (en)
IN (1) IN170812B (en)
NO (1) NO169476C (en)
PL (1) PL159227B1 (en)
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YU (2) YU30588A (en)

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DK569688D0 (en) 1988-10-13
ATE69762T1 (en) 1991-12-15
DE3704940C2 (en) 1989-01-19
WO1988006082A1 (en) 1988-08-25
FI893853A0 (en) 1989-08-16
CA1305649C (en) 1992-07-28
CS277002B6 (en) 1992-11-18
HUT50692A (en) 1990-03-28
US5085812A (en) 1992-02-04
CN88100765A (en) 1988-08-31
BR8807362A (en) 1990-03-13
CN1007604B (en) 1990-04-18
EP0344192A1 (en) 1989-12-06
FI87058C (en) 1992-11-25
HU202142B (en) 1991-02-28
IN170812B (en) 1992-05-23
DK569688A (en) 1988-10-13
DE3866540D1 (en) 1992-01-09
AU1295888A (en) 1988-09-14
JPH02502528A (en) 1990-08-16
AU605557B2 (en) 1991-01-17
NO169476B (en) 1992-03-23
FI87058B (en) 1992-08-14
YU84189A (en) 1993-11-16
ES2006568A6 (en) 1989-05-01
PL159227B1 (en) 1992-11-30
CS98688A3 (en) 1992-06-17
DE3704940A1 (en) 1988-08-25
DK166570B1 (en) 1993-06-14
DD271488A5 (en) 1989-09-06
NO169476C (en) 1992-07-01
YU30588A (en) 1990-04-30
NO884065L (en) 1988-09-13
NO884065D0 (en) 1988-09-13
PL270700A1 (en) 1988-12-08

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