EP0341167A1 - Process for manufacturing a perforated nickel frame by electroforming - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing a perforated nickel frame by electroforming Download PDFInfo
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- EP0341167A1 EP0341167A1 EP89420162A EP89420162A EP0341167A1 EP 0341167 A1 EP0341167 A1 EP 0341167A1 EP 89420162 A EP89420162 A EP 89420162A EP 89420162 A EP89420162 A EP 89420162A EP 0341167 A1 EP0341167 A1 EP 0341167A1
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- pyridinium
- nickel
- bath
- skeleton
- alkyl chain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
- C25D1/08—Perforated or foraminous objects, e.g. sieves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a perforated nickel frame, by electroforming.
- Such perforated frames are in particular used as printing frames, whether they are called “flat frame” prints, or so-called “rotary frame” prints.
- the invention relates to a manufacturing process, as described and proposed by patent US-A-2,226,384, the content of which is incorporated into the present description.
- Alveoli the shape and dimensions of which correspond to the meshes of the perforated frame to be obtained, are formed on the surface of the mandrel by different etching processes, such as chemical attack, seam etching, or electronic etching.
- the hollow opening of the cells is filled with a non-conductive resin leaving uncovered the edge or edge of the same cells, remaining conductive.
- a first deposit of nickel is carried out on the support mandrel, for a limited time, so as to obtain a nickel skeleton whose perforations correspond substantially to the original cells. of the mandrel.
- the duration of this first stage is therefore chosen to limit the growth of the nickel deposit from the edges of the cells, preferably upwards.
- the skeleton is separated from the mandrel, for example by simple cooling causing differential expansion and therefore detachment of the skeleton relative to the mandrel.
- a second deposit of nickel is carried out on the skeleton. This additional contribution of metal envelops and reinforces all the nickel cords of the skeleton, to obtain the final perforated frame.
- the subject of the present invention is a method as described above, making it possible to strengthen the skeleton resulting from the first step, both by respecting essentially the dimensions of the perforations of said skeleton, and by limiting the reduction in the free cross section of the meshes. of the perforated frame obtained.
- the present invention also relates to an electronic method, which remains simple in its implementation, and in particular does not resort to sophisticated technological solutions such as a pulsed supply current.
- - R is an alkyl chain substituted by at least one group having no double or triple bond with a carbon atom - And / or R ′ is a substituent group having no bond with a carbon atom.
- the pyridinium compound is used in the second electrolysis bath, together with a compound listed in the relevant literature by way of tension reducer.
- a compound listed in the relevant literature by way of tension reducer can be a sulfonimide, such as saccharin, a sulfonamide, paratoluene-sulfonamide, sodium metabenzenedisulfonate, sodium naphthalene trisulfonate 1,3,6, arylsulfonic acid, etc.
- the pyridinium compound is used at a rate of 60 to 250 g for 10,000 A / h, preferably at the same time as a voltage reducer, as described above, in the proportions of 10 to 500 g for 10,000 A / h.
- the electrochemical process according to the invention is generally in accordance with the process described in patent US-A-2,226,384, so that it does not appear useful to describe this process with precision.
- a matrix or mandrel-support 1 comprising cells 2, the opening of which has been closed with a non-conductive material, such as a resin 3.
- a non-conductive material such as a resin 3.
- the edge or edge 4 of the same cells remains electrically conductive.
- a nickel skeleton 5 is obtained, comprising perforations 7 corresponding substantially to the openings of the original alvoles 2. This approximate correspondence is obtained by an appropriate limitation of the duration of the first electrochemical step.
- the skeleton 5 is detached from the support mandrel 1.
- the skeleton 5 is immersed in a second bath 8 for nickel electrolysis, added with a pyridinium compound according to the invention.
- the bath is preferably made to circulate in the direction of the arrows B, that is to say parallel to the anode 6, and therefore to a generator of the skeleton 5 in the form of a cylinder in the present case.
- the speed of circulation of the bath is between 5 and 10 cm / second; in correspondence, the arrows A indicate the direction of the current lines from the anode 6 to the cathode 5. These lines are perpendicular to the cathode skeleton, as well as to the direction of movement of the electrolysis bath.
- the circulation mode of the second electrochemical bath selected according to the invention provides various advantages.
- the ion exchange between the anode (s) (6) and the cathode constituted by the nickel skeleton (5) can increase significantly, increasing the intensity of the current.
- all the impurities liable to detach from the anodes or from the skeleton-cathode are entrained outside the latter.
- the nickel is gradually deposited around the cords 4a of the skeleton 5, passing inside the perforations 7, and circulating along the internal and external walls of the skeleton 5.
- the perforated frame obtained has a very characteristic mesh profile, represented in FIG. 4 as regards a cross section of the nickel beads. according to the line AA of FIG. 5, and in FIG. 5, in solid line, as regards the flat shape of the mesh, on the inside of the perforated cylindrical frame.
- nickel beads are obtained having both their upper part and their lower part of the bulges 12 and 13, directed in the direction of the height, these bulges being connected together by rounded parts 11 and 14.
- the perforations obtained according to the invention actually have this flat shape generally hexagonal in shape, but with a rounded profile at all points, sort of inscribing the hexagonal profile.
- This is shown by the solid line 15, delimiting each perforation of the frame, relative to the dotted line 16, corresponding to the flat shape finally obtained with a second electrochemical bath added in the traditional way with a primary and secondary glosser. , all the other electrochemical parameters remaining equal elsewhere.
- the broken line 17 shows the flat shape of the skeleton openings resulting from the first electrolysis step, before electrochemical treatment according to the second step of the process.
- the first example of a nickel bath used is of the nickel salt type and contains: - 300 g per liter of nickel sulfate - 50 g per liter of nickel chloride - 50 g per liter of boric acid - 100 g of 1- (3-sulfopropyl) -pyridinium, for 10,000 A / h - 250 g of sodium naphthalene-trisulfonate, for 10,000 A / h
- Electrolysis of the second bath is carried out in a conventional manner, the bath circulating, moreover, parallel to the anode and to the cathode cylinder.
- a second example of a bath in accordance with the invention comprises: - 250 g per liter of nickel sulfate - 40 g per liter of nickel chloride - 45 g per liter of boric acid - 150 g per liter of 1- (2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl) -pyridinium, for 10,000 A / h - 100 g of sodium saccharinate for 10,000 A / h - 40 cc of wetting agent for 10,000 A / h
- the process according to the invention is very suitable for depositing nickel from a nickel anode containing sulfur (nickel S). However, it seems preferable to use sulfur-free nickel to limit internal tensions.
- the method according to the invention also applies good at making flat perforated frames than cylindrical frames.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un cadre perforé en nickel, par électroformage.The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a perforated nickel frame, by electroforming.
De tels cadres perforés sont en particulier utilisés comme cadres d'impression, qu'il s'agisse d'impressions dites "au cadre plat", ou d'impressions dites "au cadre rotatif"Such perforated frames are in particular used as printing frames, whether they are called "flat frame" prints, or so-called "rotary frame" prints.
Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication, tel que décrit et proposé par le brevet US-A-2 226 384, dont le contenu est incorporé à la présente description.More specifically, the invention relates to a manufacturing process, as described and proposed by patent US-A-2,226,384, the content of which is incorporated into the present description.
Selon ce procédé, on part d'un mandrin-support réalisé en cuivre massif, en acier inoxydable, ou en acier cuivré. Des alvéoles, dont la forme et les dimensions correspondent aux mailles du cadre perforé à obtenir, sont ménagées à la surface du mandrin par différents procédés de gravure, tels qu'attaque chimique, gravure à la molette, ou gravure électronique.According to this process, we start from a support mandrel made of solid copper, stainless steel, or copper-plated steel. Alveoli, the shape and dimensions of which correspond to the meshes of the perforated frame to be obtained, are formed on the surface of the mandrel by different etching processes, such as chemical attack, seam etching, or electronic etching.
L'ouverture en creux des alvéoles est remplie d'une résine non conductrice laissant à découvert la bordure ou arête des mêmes alvéoles, demeurant conductrice.The hollow opening of the cells is filled with a non-conductive resin leaving uncovered the edge or edge of the same cells, remaining conductive.
Puis, selon une première étape, et dans un premier bain d'électrolyse, on effectue un premier dépot de nickel sur le mandrin-support, pendant un temps limité, de manière à obtenir un squelette de nickel dont les perforations correspondent sensiblement aux alvéoles originelles du mandrin. La durée de cette première étape est donc choisie pour limiter la croissance du dépot de nickel à partir des arêtes des alvéoles préférentiellement vers le haut. A l'issue de cette première étape, le squelette est séparé du mandrin, par exemple par simple refroidissement provoquant une dilatation différentielle et donc un détachement du squelette par rapport au mandrin.Then, according to a first step, and in a first electrolysis bath, a first deposit of nickel is carried out on the support mandrel, for a limited time, so as to obtain a nickel skeleton whose perforations correspond substantially to the original cells. of the mandrel. The duration of this first stage is therefore chosen to limit the growth of the nickel deposit from the edges of the cells, preferably upwards. At the end of this first step, the skeleton is separated from the mandrel, for example by simple cooling causing differential expansion and therefore detachment of the skeleton relative to the mandrel.
Selon une deuxième étape, et dans un deuxième bain d'électrolyse, on effectue un deuxième dépot de nickel sur le squelette. Cet apport complémentaire de métal enveloppe et renforce tous les cordons de nickel du squelette, pour obtenir le cadre perforé final.According to a second step, and in a second electrolysis bath, a second deposit of nickel is carried out on the skeleton. This additional contribution of metal envelops and reinforces all the nickel cords of the skeleton, to obtain the final perforated frame.
L'un des problèmes posés par ce procédé de fabrication, en particulier lorsqu'il est utilisé pour obtenir des cadres perforés avec mailles unitaires de très petites dimensions, concerne l'obturation par du nickel des perforations du squelette, lors de la deuxième étape d'électrolyse. Outre l'altération ou modification de la forme et des dimensions originelles des perforations du squelette, ce dépot complémentaire de nickel diminue la section de passage de chaque maille unitaire du cadre perforé final. Une telle diminution de la section libre de chaque maille unitaire diminue ultérieurement la quantité du fluide d'impression pouvant passer au travers du cadre perforé, lorsque ce dernier est utilisé comme cadre d'impression.One of the problems posed by this manufacturing process, in particular when it is used to obtain perforated frames with unitary meshes of very small dimensions, relates to the obturation with nickel of the perforations of the skeleton, during the second stage d 'electrolysis. In addition to the alteration or modification of the original shape and dimensions of the skeleton perforations, this additional nickel deposit reduces the passage section of each unit cell of the final perforated frame. Such a reduction in the free cross section of each unitary mesh subsequently decreases the quantity of printing fluid which can pass through the perforated frame, when the latter is used as a printing frame.
L'utilisateur des additifs usuels et traditionnels de l'électrochimie, à savoir l'usage de produits décrits et désignés dans la littérature comme "brillanteurs primaires" et "brillanteurs secondaires" permet dans une large mesure de respecter la forme et les dimensions de départ des perforations du squelette, comme établi aux pages 52-53 du Guide de l'Electroformage du Nickel publié en 1975 par International Nickel (INCO). Ceci s'explique par le fait que l'effet nivelant attendu ne peut s'exercer dans les parties en creux ou vides correspondant aux perforations du squelette, et se reporte donc en conséquence en hauteur, de part et d'autre des cordons de nickel du même squelette.The user of the usual and traditional additives in electrochemistry, namely the use of products described and designated in the literature as "primary brighteners" and "secondary brighteners" allows to a large extent to respect the shape and the starting dimensions. skeletal perforations, as established on pages 52-53 of the Nickel Electroforming Guide published in 1975 by International Nickel (INCO). This is explained by the fact that the expected leveling effect cannot be exerted in the hollow or empty parts corresponding to the perforations of the skeleton, and therefore refers accordingly in height, on either side of the nickel beads. of the same skeleton.
Néanmoins ceci étant, ce respect des perforations originelles du squelette conduit à une diminution relativement importante de la section de passage, par progression "homothétique" vers l'intérieur du dépot de nickel, à partir de la bordure de chaque perforation du squelette.Nevertheless this being so, this respect for the original perforations of the skeleton leads to a relatively significant reduction in the passage section, by "homothetic" progression towards the interior of the nickel deposit, starting from the edge of each perforation of the skeleton.
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé tel que décrit précédemment, permettant de renforcer le squelette résultant de la première étape, à la fois en respectant l'essentiel des dimensions des perforations dudit squelette, et en limitant la diminution de la section libre des mailles du cadre perforé obtenu.The subject of the present invention is a method as described above, making it possible to strengthen the skeleton resulting from the first step, both by respecting essentially the dimensions of the perforations of said skeleton, and by limiting the reduction in the free cross section of the meshes. of the perforated frame obtained.
La présente invention a également pour objet un procédé électronique, qui demeure simple dans sa mise en oeuvre, et en particulier ne recourt pas à des solutions technologiques sophistiquées telles qu'un courant d'alimentation pulsé.The present invention also relates to an electronic method, which remains simple in its implementation, and in particular does not resort to sophisticated technological solutions such as a pulsed supply current.
Selon la présente invention, on a découvert que cet effet pouvait être obtenu, en utilisant au moins dans le deuxième bain un composé pyridinium répondant à la formule générale :
- R est une chaine saturée alkyle comportant au moins un atome de carbone, éventuellement substituée
- R′ est un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupement substituant, en position quelconque par rapport à l'atome d'azote du noyau pyridinium.According to the present invention, it has been discovered that this effect can be obtained by using at least in the second bath a pyridinium compound corresponding to the general formula:
- R is a saturated alkyl chain containing at least one carbon atom, optionally substituted
- R ′ is a hydrogen atom or a substituent group, in any position with respect to the nitrogen atom of the pyridinium nucleus.
Préférentiellement, mais de manière non exclusive :
- R est une chaine alkyle substituée par au moins un groupement ne comportant aucune double ou triple liaison avec un atome de carbone
- et/ou R′ est un groupement substituant ne comportant aucune liaison avec un atome de carbone.Preferably, but not exclusively:
- R is an alkyl chain substituted by at least one group having no double or triple bond with a carbon atom
- And / or R ′ is a substituent group having no bond with a carbon atom.
Par double ou triple liaison avec un atome de carbone, on entend des liaisons du type :
C=C,C≡C,C=O,C=N,C≡NBy double or triple bond with a carbon atom, one understands bonds of the type:
C = C, C≡C, C = O, C = N, C≡N
A titre d'exemple des composés pyridinium pouvant être utilisés selon l'invention, on peut citer les composés suivants, sulfopropylés, identifiés selon la nomenclature CAS :
- 4-méthyl-1-(3-sulfopropyl)-pyridinium
- 4-benzyl-1-(3-sulfopropyl)-pyridinium
- 1-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-pyridinium
- 3-méthyl-1-(3-sulfopropyl)-pyridinium
- 1-(3-sulfopropyl)-pyridinium
- 2-méthyl-1-(3 sulfopropyl)-pyridiniumBy way of example of the pyridinium compounds which can be used according to the invention, mention may be made of the following sulfopropylated compounds, identified according to the CAS nomenclature:
- 4-methyl-1- (3-sulfopropyl) -pyridinium
- 4-benzyl-1- (3-sulfopropyl) -pyridinium
- 1- (2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl) -pyridinium
- 3-methyl-1- (3-sulfopropyl) -pyridinium
- 1- (3-sulfopropyl) -pyridinium
- 2-methyl-1- (3 sulfopropyl) -pyridinium
Selon un mode préféré d'exécution de l'invention, le composé pyridinium est utilisé dans le deuxième bain d'électrolyse, conjointement avec un composé répertorié dans la littérature pertinente à de titre réducteur de tension. Un tel composé peut être un sulfonimide, tel que la saccharine, un sulfonamide, le paratoluène-sulfonamide, le métabenzénedisulfonate de sodium, le naphtalène trisulfonate de sodium 1,3,6, un acide arylsulfonique, etc...According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pyridinium compound is used in the second electrolysis bath, together with a compound listed in the relevant literature by way of tension reducer. Such a compound can be a sulfonimide, such as saccharin, a sulfonamide, paratoluene-sulfonamide, sodium metabenzenedisulfonate,
Le composé pyridinium est utilisé à raison de 60 à 250 g pour 10 000 A/h, préférentiellement en même temps qu'un réducteur de tension, tel que décrit précédemment, dans les proportions de 10 à 500 g pour 10 000 A/h.The pyridinium compound is used at a rate of 60 to 250 g for 10,000 A / h, preferably at the same time as a voltage reducer, as described above, in the proportions of 10 to 500 g for 10,000 A / h.
La présente invention est maintenant décrite par référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :
- - la figure 1 représente en coupe transversale le squelette de nickel obtenu à l'issue de la première etape d'électrolyse, en position sur le mandrin-support
- - la figure 2 représente une vue de dessus de la cuve d'électrolyse assurant pendant la deuxième étape le dépot de nickel sur le squelette obtenu à l'issue de la première étape
- - la figure 3 est une vue de détail fortement agrandie, en coupe selon la ligne AA de la figure 5, de la maille d'un cadre perforé obtenu avec un deuxième bain électrochimique traditionnel, pendant la deuxième étape, c'est à dire avec un bain comprenant des composés répertoriés dans la littérature traditionnelle comme brillanteurs primaires et secondaires
- - la figure 4 est une vue de détail similaire à la figure 3, de la maille obtenue avec un deuxième bain électrochimique selon l'invention
- - la figure 5 est une vue de dessus, du côté intérieur au cylindre perforé, à échelle agrandie, de la maille obtenue à partir d'un même squelette, avec un deuxième bain électrochimique traditionnel (représentation en traits pointillés), et avec un deuxième bain électrochimique selon l'invention (représentation en traits pleins)
- - Figure 1 shows in cross section the nickel skeleton obtained at the end of the first electrolysis step, in position on the support mandrel
- - Figure 2 shows a top view of the electrolysis tank ensuring during the second step the deposit of nickel on the skeleton obtained at the end of the first step
- - Figure 3 is a greatly enlarged detail view, in section along line AA of Figure 5, of the mesh of a perforated frame obtained with a second traditional electrochemical bath, during the second step, that is to say with a bath comprising compounds listed in traditional literature as primary and secondary brighteners
- - Figure 4 is a detail view similar to Figure 3, of the mesh obtained with a second electrochemical bath according to the invention
- - Figure 5 is a top view, on the inside of the perforated cylinder, on an enlarged scale, of the mesh obtained from the same skeleton, with a second traditional electrochemical bath (representation in dotted lines), and with a second electrochemical bath according to the invention (representation in solid lines)
Le procédé électrochimique selon l'invention est de manière générale conforme au procédé décrit dans le brevet US-A-2 226 384, de telle sorte qu'il n'apparait pas utile de décrire avec précision ce procédé.The electrochemical process according to the invention is generally in accordance with the process described in patent US-A-2,226,384, so that it does not appear useful to describe this process with precision.
Selon la première étape du procédé, on utilise, conformément à la figure 1, une matrice ou mandrin-support 1, comportant des alvéoles 2, dont l'ouverture a été obturée avec une matière non conductrice, telle une résine 3. En correspondance, la bordure ou arête 4 des mêmes alvéoles demeure conductrice de l'électricité. A l'issue de la première étape du procédé, et avec un premier bain traditionnel d'électrolyse, on obtient un squelette de nickel 5, comportant des perforations 7 correspondant sensiblement aux ouvertures des alvéloles 2 d'origine. Cette correspondance approximative est obtenue par une limitation appropriée de la durée de la première étape électrochimique. A l'issue de cette dernière, on détache le squelette 5 du mandrin-support 1.According to the first step of the process, in accordance with FIG. 1, a matrix or mandrel-support 1 is used, comprising
Selon la deuxième étape du procédé, et conformément à la figure 2, le squelette 5 est plongé dans un deuxième bain 8 d'électrolyse du nickel, additionné avec un composé pyridinium selon l'invention. On fait de préférence circuler le bain selon la direction des flèches B, c'est à dire parallèlement à l'anode 6, et donc à une génératrice du squelette 5 sous forme de cylindre dans le cas présent. La vitesse de circulation du bain se situe entre 5 et 10 cm/seconde ; en correspondance, les flèches A indiquent le sens des lignes de courant de l'anode 6 à la cathode 5. Ces lignes sont perpendiculaires au squelette cathode, ainsi qu'à la direction de déplacement du bain d'électrolyse. Le mode de circulation du deuxième bain électrochimique retenu selon l'invention apporte différents avantages. D'une part, l'échange ionique entre la ou les anodes (6) et la cathode constituée par le squelette de nickel (5) peut augmenter de façon importante, en augmentant l'intensité du courant. D'autre part, toutes les impuretés susceptibles de se détacher des anodes ou du squelette-cathode sont entrainées en dehors de ce dernier.According to the second step of the process, and in accordance with FIG. 2, the
Pendant la deuxième étape, le nickel vient se déposer progressivement autour des cordons 4a du squelette 5, en passant à l'intérieur des perforations 7, et en circulant le long des parois interne et externe du squelette 5.During the second step, the nickel is gradually deposited around the cords 4a of the
Grâce à l'action du composé pyridinium selon l'invention, introduit dans le deuxième bain d'électrolyse, le cadre perforé obtenu présente un profil de maille très caractéristique, représenté à la figure 4 en ce qui concerne une section transversale des cordons de nickel selon la ligne A-A de la figure 5, et à la figure 5, en trait plein, en ce qui concerne la forme à plat de la maille, du côté intérieur du cadre cylindrique perforé.Thanks to the action of the pyridinium compound according to the invention, introduced into the second electrolysis bath, the perforated frame obtained has a very characteristic mesh profile, represented in FIG. 4 as regards a cross section of the nickel beads. according to the line AA of FIG. 5, and in FIG. 5, in solid line, as regards the flat shape of the mesh, on the inside of the perforated cylindrical frame.
Conformément à la figure 4, on constate de manière surprenante un arrondissement du dépot de nickel, non seulement à l'extérieur du cylindre, mais également à l'intérieur, à la différence de l'applatissement constaté du côté intérieur, selon la figure 3, pour un dépot avec un bain additionné avec un brillanteur primaire et un brillanteur secondaire traditionnels. Selon l'invention, on obtient donc des cordons de nickel présentant tant à leur partie supérieure qu'à leur partie inférieure des renflements 12 et 13, dirigés dans le sens de la hauteur, ces renflements étant raccordés entre eux par des parties arrondies 11 et 14.In accordance with FIG. 4, there is surprisingly a rounding of the nickel deposit, not only outside the cylinder, but also inside, unlike the burst observed on the inside, according to FIG. 3 , for a deposit with a bath added with a traditional primary and secondary gloss. According to the invention, therefore, nickel beads are obtained having both their upper part and their lower part of the bulges 12 and 13, directed in the direction of the height, these bulges being connected together by
Par référence à la figure 5, et en supposant que la matrice support 1 comporte des alvéoles ayant une forme à plat hexagonale, pour obtenir un cadre perforé à maille hexagonale, on constate que les perforations obtenues selon l'invention présentent effectivement cette forme à plat d'allure générale hexagonale, mais avec un profil arrondi en tous points, inscrivant en quelque sorte le profil hexagonal. C'est ce que montre le trait continu 15, délimitant chaque perforation du cadre, par rapport au trait en pointillé 16, correspondant à la forme à plat obtenue finalement avec un deuxième bain électrochimique additionné de manière traditionnelle avec un brillanteur primaire et un brillanteur secondaire, tous les autres paramètres électrochimiques demeurant égaux par ailleurs. A la figure 5, le trait discontinu 17 montre quant à lui la forme à plat des ouvertures du squelette résultant de la première étape d'électrolyse, avant traitement électrochimique selon la deuxième étape du procédé.With reference to FIG. 5, and assuming that the support matrix 1 comprises cells having a flat hexagonal shape, in order to obtain a perforated frame with a hexagonal mesh, it can be seen that the perforations obtained according to the invention actually have this flat shape generally hexagonal in shape, but with a rounded profile at all points, sort of inscribing the hexagonal profile. This is shown by the
Au total, par comparaison des figures 3 et 4 d'une part, et des traits en pointillé 16 et continu 15 selon la figure 5, on constate que pour une hauteur de nickel h sensiblement égale selon l'invention et selon l'art antérieur, l'ajout du composé pyridinium permet d'obtenir un ouverture (x) de perforation sensiblement supérieure à l'ouverture (y) de perforation obtenue selon l'art antérieur, c'est à dire avec un bain d'électrolyse complété de manière traditionnelle. Pour une même taille de perforation du cadre final, exprimée par exemple en mesh, il en résulte au bénéfice de l'invention un avantage non négligeable, quant à la valeur de la section de passage de chaque maille unitaire.In total, by comparison of Figures 3 and 4 on the one hand, and dashed
On décrit ci-après deux exemples d'application du deuxième bain électrochimique selon l'invention.Two examples of the application of the second electrochemical bath according to the invention are described below.
Le premier exemple de bain nickel utilisé est du type sels de nickel et renferme :
- 300 g par litre de sulfate de nickel
- 50 g par litre de chlorure de nickel
- 50 g par litre d'acide borique
- 100 g de 1-(3-sulfopropyl)-pyridinium, pour 10 000 A/h
- 250 g de naphtalene-trisulfonate de sodium, pour 10 000 A/hThe first example of a nickel bath used is of the nickel salt type and contains:
- 300 g per liter of nickel sulfate
- 50 g per liter of nickel chloride
- 50 g per liter of boric acid
- 100 g of 1- (3-sulfopropyl) -pyridinium, for 10,000 A / h
- 250 g of sodium naphthalene-trisulfonate, for 10,000 A / h
On effectue l'électrolyse du deuxième bain de façon classique, le bain circulant, par ailleurs, parallèlement à l'anode et au cylindre cathode.Electrolysis of the second bath is carried out in a conventional manner, the bath circulating, moreover, parallel to the anode and to the cathode cylinder.
Un deuxième exemple de bain conforme à l'invention comprend :
- 250 g par litre de sulfate de nickel
- 40 g par litre de chlorure de nickel
- 45 g par litre d'acide borique
- 150 g par litre de 1-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-pyridinium, pour 10 000 A/h
- 100 g de saccharinate de sodium pour 10 000 A/h
- 40 cm³ d'agent mouillant pour 10 000 A/hA second example of a bath in accordance with the invention comprises:
- 250 g per liter of nickel sulfate
- 40 g per liter of nickel chloride
- 45 g per liter of boric acid
- 150 g per liter of 1- (2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl) -pyridinium, for 10,000 A / h
- 100 g of sodium saccharinate for 10,000 A / h
- 40 cc of wetting agent for 10,000 A / h
Un examen au microscope des cadres perforés obtenus avec ces deux bains permet de constater que le dépot de nickel effectué sur le squelette de base présente l'aspect original décrit précédemment, à partir d'un mandrin-support comportant des alvéoles de forme hexagonale à plat.A microscopic examination of the perforated frames obtained with these two baths reveals that the deposit of nickel made on the basic skeleton has the original appearance described above, from a support mandrel comprising cells of hexagonal flat shape. .
Le procédé selon l'invention convient bien au dépot de nickel à partir d'anode en nickel contenant du soufre (nickel S). Mais il apparait préférable d'utiliser du nickel sans soufre pour limiter les tensions internes.The process according to the invention is very suitable for depositing nickel from a nickel anode containing sulfur (nickel S). However, it seems preferable to use sulfur-free nickel to limit internal tensions.
Comme déjà dit, le procédé selon l'invention, s'applique aussi bien à la réalisation de cadres perforés plats que de cadres cylindriques.As already said, the method according to the invention also applies good at making flat perforated frames than cylindrical frames.
Claims (9)
a) selon une première étape, et dans un premier bain d'électrolyse, on effectue un premier dépot de nickel sur un mandrin-support gravé, comportant des alvéoles dont l'ouverture est obturée par une matière non conductrice, et dont la bordure ou arête est conductrice, et on sépare du mandrin un squelette en nickel dont les perforations correspondent sensiblement aux alvéoles dudit mandrin
b) selon une deuxième étape, et dans un deuxième bain d'électrolyse, on effectue un deuxième dépot de nickel sur le squelette caractérisé en ce que au moins le deuxième bain est additionné avec un composé de pyridinium de formule :
- R est une chaine alkyle saturée comportant au moins un atome de carbone, éventuellement substituée,
- R′ est un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupement sustituant, en position quelconque par rapport à l'atome d'azote du noyau pyridinium 1) Method of manufacturing by electroforming a perforated nickel frame, according to which one operates in at least two steps:
a) according to a first step, and in a first electrolysis bath, a first nickel deposit is made on an engraved support mandrel, comprising cells whose opening is closed by a non-conductive material, and whose border or edge is conductive, and a nickel skeleton is separated from the mandrel, the perforations of which correspond substantially to the cells of said mandrel
b) according to a second step, and in a second electrolysis bath, a second deposit of nickel is carried out on the skeleton, characterized in that at least the second bath is added with a pyridinium compound of formula:
- R is a saturated alkyl chain comprising at least one carbon atom, optionally substituted,
- R ′ is a hydrogen atom or a sustituant group, in any position relative to the nitrogen atom of the pyridinium nucleus
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8806428A FR2630753B1 (en) | 1988-05-02 | 1988-05-02 | PERFORATED NICKEL FRAMES AND THEIR MANUFACTURING METHOD |
FR8806428 | 1988-05-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0341167A1 true EP0341167A1 (en) | 1989-11-08 |
EP0341167B1 EP0341167B1 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
Family
ID=9366261
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89420162A Expired - Lifetime EP0341167B1 (en) | 1988-05-02 | 1989-04-28 | Process for manufacturing a perforated nickel frame by electroforming |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4913783A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0341167B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE124471T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE68923217T2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2630753B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4013349A1 (en) * | 1990-04-23 | 1991-10-24 | Schering Ag | 1- (2-SULFOAETHYL) PYRIDINIUMBETAIN, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND ACID NICKEL BATH CONTAINING THIS COMPOUND |
EP0492731A1 (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1992-07-01 | Stork Screens B.V. | Method for forming a sieve material having low internal stress and sieve material so obtained |
EP0558142A1 (en) * | 1992-02-26 | 1993-09-01 | Stork Screens B.V. | Method for the production of a metal foam and a metal foam obtained |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5328587A (en) * | 1992-11-16 | 1994-07-12 | Ir International, Inc. | Method of making machine-engraved seamless tube |
US5632878A (en) * | 1994-02-01 | 1997-05-27 | Fet Engineering, Inc. | Method for manufacturing an electroforming mold |
DE19623724C1 (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 1997-12-18 | Martin Klemm | Process for the electrolytic production of a screen and device for carrying out this process |
KR100373056B1 (en) * | 1999-09-04 | 2003-02-25 | 주식회사 유니테크 | Method of manufacturing Roller screen |
DE10037521C2 (en) * | 1999-11-18 | 2002-04-25 | Saxon Screens Rotationsschablo | Process for the electrolytic production of rotary screen printing forms |
JP6374217B2 (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2018-08-15 | 株式会社ボンマーク | Metal mask and manufacturing method thereof |
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US2226384A (en) | 1938-12-14 | 1940-12-24 | Edward O Norris Inc | Process of electrolytically producing foraminous sheets |
DE1621157A1 (en) | 1967-08-16 | 1971-05-19 | Riedel & Co | Acid galvanic nickel bath |
US4148797A (en) * | 1977-07-15 | 1979-04-10 | Cilag-Chemie A.G. | (N-Substituted pyridyl)-alkyl sulfonic acid betaines as electroplating additives |
EP0006461A1 (en) * | 1978-06-14 | 1980-01-09 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Acid bath for electrodeposition of nickel-containing sulfobetaine as brightening and levelling agent |
GB2051130A (en) * | 1979-06-20 | 1981-01-14 | Toshin Kogyo Co | Cylinder for Rotary Screen Printing having High Aperture Ratio and Process for Preparation Thereof Electroforming Perforate Cylindrical Bodies |
US4397715A (en) * | 1980-09-30 | 1983-08-09 | Anand Mohan | Process of manufacturing screen material |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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NL8002197A (en) * | 1980-04-15 | 1981-11-16 | Stork Screens Bv | METHOD FOR ELECTROLYTICALLY MANUFACTURING A SIEVE, IN PARTICULAR CYLINDER-SIEVE, AND Sieve |
US4430171A (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1984-02-07 | M&T Chemicals Inc. | Electroplating baths for nickel, iron, cobalt and alloys thereof |
NL8105150A (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1983-06-01 | Veco Beheer Bv | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SCREEN MATERIAL, SCREENING MATERIAL OBTAINED, AND APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
US4430170A (en) * | 1983-01-17 | 1984-02-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Electrodeposition of refractory metal carbides |
-
1988
- 1988-05-02 FR FR8806428A patent/FR2630753B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-04-28 DE DE68923217T patent/DE68923217T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-04-28 AT AT89420162T patent/ATE124471T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-04-28 EP EP89420162A patent/EP0341167B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-01 US US07/347,144 patent/US4913783A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2226384A (en) | 1938-12-14 | 1940-12-24 | Edward O Norris Inc | Process of electrolytically producing foraminous sheets |
DE1621157A1 (en) | 1967-08-16 | 1971-05-19 | Riedel & Co | Acid galvanic nickel bath |
US4148797A (en) * | 1977-07-15 | 1979-04-10 | Cilag-Chemie A.G. | (N-Substituted pyridyl)-alkyl sulfonic acid betaines as electroplating additives |
EP0006461A1 (en) * | 1978-06-14 | 1980-01-09 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Acid bath for electrodeposition of nickel-containing sulfobetaine as brightening and levelling agent |
GB2051130A (en) * | 1979-06-20 | 1981-01-14 | Toshin Kogyo Co | Cylinder for Rotary Screen Printing having High Aperture Ratio and Process for Preparation Thereof Electroforming Perforate Cylindrical Bodies |
US4397715A (en) * | 1980-09-30 | 1983-08-09 | Anand Mohan | Process of manufacturing screen material |
US4478688A (en) | 1980-09-30 | 1984-10-23 | Veco Beheer B.V. | Process of manufacturing screen material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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GUIDE DE L'ELECTRO- FORMAGE DU NICKEL, 1975, pages 52 - 53 |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4013349A1 (en) * | 1990-04-23 | 1991-10-24 | Schering Ag | 1- (2-SULFOAETHYL) PYRIDINIUMBETAIN, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND ACID NICKEL BATH CONTAINING THIS COMPOUND |
EP0492731A1 (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1992-07-01 | Stork Screens B.V. | Method for forming a sieve material having low internal stress and sieve material so obtained |
AU634920B2 (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1993-03-04 | Stork Screens B.V. | Method for forming a sieve material having low internal stress and sieve material so obtained |
US5282951A (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1994-02-01 | Stork Screens, B.V. | Method for forming a sieve material having low internal stress and sieve material so obtained |
EP0558142A1 (en) * | 1992-02-26 | 1993-09-01 | Stork Screens B.V. | Method for the production of a metal foam and a metal foam obtained |
US5584983A (en) * | 1992-02-26 | 1996-12-17 | Stork Screens, B.V. | Method for the production of a metal foam |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2630753A1 (en) | 1989-11-03 |
ATE124471T1 (en) | 1995-07-15 |
DE68923217D1 (en) | 1995-08-03 |
DE68923217T2 (en) | 1995-11-09 |
US4913783A (en) | 1990-04-03 |
FR2630753B1 (en) | 1992-01-03 |
EP0341167B1 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
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