EP0332164B1 - Verfahren zum Steuern einer Fadenspeicher- und -liefervorrichtung sowie Fadenspeicher- und -liefervorrichtung - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Steuern einer Fadenspeicher- und -liefervorrichtung sowie Fadenspeicher- und -liefervorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0332164B1
EP0332164B1 EP89104103A EP89104103A EP0332164B1 EP 0332164 B1 EP0332164 B1 EP 0332164B1 EP 89104103 A EP89104103 A EP 89104103A EP 89104103 A EP89104103 A EP 89104103A EP 0332164 B1 EP0332164 B1 EP 0332164B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding speed
winding
yarn
speed
storage
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89104103A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0332164A1 (de
Inventor
Lars Helge Gottfrid Tholander
Martin Jerker Hellström
Per Allan Torbjörn Josefsson
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Iro AB
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Iro AB
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Priority to AT89104103T priority Critical patent/ATE77345T1/de
Publication of EP0332164A1 publication Critical patent/EP0332164A1/de
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Publication of EP0332164B1 publication Critical patent/EP0332164B1/de
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H51/00Forwarding filamentary material
    • B65H51/20Devices for temporarily storing filamentary material during forwarding, e.g. for buffer storage
    • B65H51/22Reels or cages, e.g. cylindrical, with storing and forwarding surfaces provided by rollers or bars
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D47/00Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms
    • D03D47/34Handling the weft between bulk storage and weft-inserting means
    • D03D47/36Measuring and cutting the weft
    • D03D47/361Drum-type weft feeding devices
    • D03D47/367Monitoring yarn quantity on the drum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of the type specified in the preamble of patent claim 1 and a thread storage and delivery device suitable for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • the winding speed is adjusted as a function of the difference between a predetermined target value and an actual value of the number of thread turns present on the storage surface in such a way that the difference is in a limited range between a positive and a negative value fluctuates.
  • the target value corresponds to the number of thread turns to cover an average consumption. Even if this results in a suitable thread supply at a low winding speed in relation to a lower average consumption, this is then unnecessary at high winding speeds.
  • the thread supply is added more quickly at a higher winding speed, with an increase in consumption due to the winding drive which is already running rapidly, than at a low winding speed.
  • Too large a thread supply is undesirable, especially in the higher winding speed range, because the risk of overlapping turns is greater, because the winding speed when adding the thread supply to the unnecessary size for going through tends upwards (overspeed) because, when the unnecessarily large thread supply is added, it takes a long time for the winding speed to settle to a new equilibrium after a change in consumption, because furthermore the mechanical loading of the thread increases inappropriately at excess speed and leads to thread breaks, especially on the feed side can, and because after a delay due to a decrease in consumption, starting from the unnecessarily large thread supply, the thread supply continues to grow in size and too strongly. The many turns in the excess supply inhibit the advancement of the thread supply. As a result of the temporary overspeed and the thread supply, which is usually too large, power is unnecessarily consumed.
  • the speed of the drive motor and thus the winding speed of the thread is controlled between two predetermined actual values of the size of the thread supply according to a predetermined curve.
  • the thread consumption is taken into account in that with increasing thread consumption the curve according to which the speed of the motor is controlled is gradually raised.
  • the two actual values remain the same regardless of the thread consumption and the motor speed. In this way, an almost constant thread supply is achieved.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned and a thread storage and delivery device suitable for carrying out the method, which ensure an optimally small thread supply on the storage surface.
  • the desired goal is achieved in terms of process and device technology simply by taking into account the knowledge that the take-up drive at a higher take-up speed is able to increase the thread supply to the necessary size more quickly when there is an increase in consumption than at a lower take-up speed, and without the risk of a complete take-up Emptying the thread supply so that the supply can be smaller at a higher winding speed than at a lower winding speed.
  • the change in the target value takes this into account. In the event of a decrease in consumption, the change in the target value does not increase the stock size inappropriately, but only brings the target value to the minimum size necessary for lower consumption.
  • the target value depends, among other things, on the performance of the take-up drive, which can be represented by a known, device-specific characteristic.
  • This characteristic curve can be, for example, the acceleration curve of the winding drive.
  • the consumption or the characteristic of the consumption is also important for changing the target value.
  • the change in the setpoint is of particular importance not only in normal operation, but also in the start-up and run-down phase until it comes to a standstill because of the The setpoint then plays a role insofar as it overspeed and suppresses the build-up of too large a stock when it runs out.
  • the respective state of equilibrium is reached very quickly.
  • the size of the thread supply immediately matches the new consumption because the winding speed is adjusted as the value decreases without any noticeable settling. All in all, the method and the design of the thread storage and delivery device result in a higher quality of the thread delivery with less power and less disruption.
  • the method form according to claim 2 leads to simple Way to the optimal smallness of the thread supply. Since the change of the target value takes place automatically, there is no need to intervene from outside.
  • the measure according to claim 3 is also expedient because it takes into account that a relatively large thread supply is required anyway at low winding speed because the winding drive can only slowly supplement the supply when consumption increases.
  • the number of starts takes into account the fact that, starting from standstill, the take-up drive takes the longest to build up the necessary size of the thread supply when consumption increases.
  • the number of starts can correspond to the target value for the lowest winding speed (standstill). However, it is also conceivable to select a higher number of starts and to start setting the winding speed after the change in the target value only from a predetermined winding speed or after an equilibrium state has been reached. The number of starts is also required for the first replenishment of the supply.
  • the set goal can also be achieved with at least one change in the target value, ie the controller is given at least one changed target value relative to the number of starts, which is matched to the known average consumption and therefore ensures that the thread supply is optimally small with this average consumption, ie smaller than when starting.
  • the setpoint value or the setpoint value change expediently becomes effective for the control when the equilibrium state is reached after the drive has started up. A settling phase can be suppressed in this way because this setting of the take-up speed will soon take place after the number of starts has been adjusted to match the setpoint.
  • the method variant according to claim 7 has proven to be expedient.
  • the acceleration characteristic of the take-up drive is a useful basis for determining the various target values. Because the acceleration or deceleration behavior of the take-up drive depends, among other things, on how quickly the thread supply is added or reduced. It is assumed that the respective diameter of the storage area, which can also be adjustable, or the thread quality only play a secondary role.
  • the target value is determined depending on the known average consumption, i.e. either calculated or searched empirically, and submitted to the control unit for use.
  • a sensitive control can be achieved when carrying out the method according to claim 9.
  • the frequency with which the information comparisons are repeated depends on the respective operating conditions.
  • the frequency can also be selected higher or lower, e.g. by means of an adjustable clock generator for the control unit.
  • the procedure according to claim 10 is favorable, because with the closed control loop, which is dominated by the target values as reference variables, sensitive control is achieved.
  • the command variable influences the control unit in the speed control in order to seek out or maintain the optimum smallness of the thread supply at each winding speed value. Since the control unit is based on the target values, passing the winding speed upwards with an increase in consumption is avoided, as is an inadvertent increase in the thread supply in the event of a delay. The mechanical load on the thread remains as low as possible. In spite of the optimal smallness of the thread supply in each winding speed range, complete emptying of the thread supply when consumption increases is reliably avoided.
  • the embodiment according to claim 12 is also expedient because the acceleration curve of the take-up drive is a known reference line, on the basis of which the target values can be determined or determined.
  • a further advantageous embodiment with a microprocessor in the control unit and with the control unit, provides information about the number of windings wound up and the number of windings consumed and about at least one target value providing sensing devices.
  • the microprocessor is expediently informed analogously about the actual value, for example by counting the turns. Under certain conditions, it could be sufficient to directly apply the actual value using a large number of thread sensors, preferably at least three tap the memory area and form an almost analog information for the control unit.
  • the microprocessor in the control unit is entrusted with an additional function, which it can however carry out without any problems.
  • the take-up speed is set in dependence on the desired values so that with higher take-up speed values the size of the thread supply decreases as the take-up drive is increasingly able to replenish the thread supply more quickly. Even in the event of a delay, the microprocessor ensures that the thread supply is not increased inappropriately.
  • the embodiment according to claim 14 is particularly reliable and simple in terms of control technology.
  • the setpoint values are present in the table memory as a series, the density of which can be so high that there is practically a continuous setpoint value curve.
  • the query pointer which is adjustable depending on the winding speed, scans only one desired value and transmits the information derived therefrom to the control unit. For simpler applications, however, it is also sufficient to provide the target values in a rough gradation so that only selected winding speed values are affected and significant target value changes occur between them. If the average consumption is known, only one level is sufficient, i.e. the target value that is then applicable is matched to this consumption.
  • a further alternative embodiment emerges from claim 15.
  • the new target value takes effect automatically.
  • the distances between the individual thread sensors can be set individually. It is not necessary to choose exactly the same distances.
  • a further, alternative embodiment with an almost constant change in the target value is evident from claim 16. Since the thread sensor is adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the storage area as a function of the winding speed, the desired value changes, according to which the control unit has to adjust when setting the winding speed.
  • the target value is changed electronically by adjusting the limited partial sensing range of a broadband sensor.
  • the idea according to claim 18 is also important because winding speed values selected at equal intervals are favorable for stable control behavior.
  • the embodiment is expedient according to claim 19.
  • the target value differences can be small between lower winding speed values. At higher take-up speed values, the differences between the setpoints are relatively larger.
  • the electronic control unit can be offered the target value for the known average consumption in a structurally simple manner.
  • the setpoint can be adjusted individually and is used automatically by the control unit to keep the thread supply small during normal operation.
  • a thread 2 is drawn off from a supply spool (not shown) and wound through an inlet end 3 by means of a winding element 4 on a stationary storage surface 6 in the form of windings W.
  • the number of turns W in the thread supply is designated by n.
  • the thread 2 is withdrawn from the thread supply via the front end of the storage surface 6 through an outlet end 7 by a consumer C, who is, for example, a weaving machine.
  • the winding element 4 is driven by a drive 5 at a winding speed V.
  • the drive 5 is connected to a control unit 8, which receives signals from a schematically indicated sensing device 9 and from a sensing element 10.
  • the winding member 4 can be scanned so that the control unit 8 receives at least one pulse each time the winding element 4 or the thread 2 passes, which represents, for example, a wound winding W.
  • the control unit 8 can compare the signals with the actual value of the number n on the memory area 6 determine existing turns W. It would be conceivable that the sensing device 9 also contains other sensing elements, not shown, which determine the number of thread windings W or the axial dimension of the thread supply in an almost analog manner and give the control unit 8 corresponding information.
  • the control unit 8 adapts the winding speed V to the consumption in such a way that as soon as a state of equilibrium has been reached between the average consumption and the winding speed, the same amount of thread is wound in a unit time (e.g. m / min) as is wound.
  • the thread 2 is a weft thread for a weaving machine, then depending on the weaving method of the weaving machine, there is an average consumption, since the weft thread with uniform shorter or longer (mixed change or regular color weaving method) or with uneven shorter or longer intervals (free pattern weaving method) is subtracted.
  • the control adapts to the average consumption in such a way that with a high weft frequency the drive 5 continuously relatively quickly and with an irregular or low weft frequency continuously runs correspondingly slower.
  • the winding speed is adjusted via the control unit 8 until a state of equilibrium is established in each case. In the equilibrium state, the winding speed does not necessarily have to be changed with every shot, because during the shot pauses the set winding speed is sufficient to supplement the thread supply accordingly.
  • the target value nV for the number n of windings W on the storage surface 6 according to FIG. 2 is changed with changing winding speed such that the target value nV decreases with increasing winding speed V. - And increases with falling winding speed V (Fig. 2).
  • a desired value curve 11 is obtained which is determined by points 12 and which, starting from a desired value nST, runs curved to the left.
  • the setpoint nST is a number of starts, which is determined as a function of the acceleration characteristic of the drive 5 and / or the maximum consumption, so that the thread supply is not emptied, starting from the winding speed zero. As indicated in FIG.
  • the number of starts could also be higher, that is to say that the control unit 8 then only takes the setpoints of the curve 11 into account from a certain winding speed value and the control of the drive 5 only from this winding speed value according to the curve 11 in order to set a predetermined smallness of the thread supply in each case at the values corresponding to points 12. So that the control unit 8 can set the number of starts nST 'of the windings in the latter case, a start sensor ST is provided, for example, according to FIG. 5, which intervenes in the control system, for example, only for this phase or for the first filling up of the supply.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a diagram similar to that of FIG. 2, but only three points 12 F3 , 12 F2 and 12 F1 are predetermined for three target values. The result is only a stepped curve 11 '. Even with the target values along this curve 11 'it is achieved that the size of the thread supply decreases with increasing winding speed. Furthermore, it is indicated in FIG. 3 as an alternative to change the target value, starting from nST for the number of starts, to a lower target value nC in only one step.
  • the vertical curve (dashed) representing the changed target value is selected according to the approximately known and approximately constant average consumption in this case so that the thread supply at this consumption C (horizontal dashed line) remains as small as possible.
  • the changed setpoint nC is drawn starting from the speed zero, the control only adjusts to the setpoint nC after the start-up phase, so that settling is largely avoided.
  • This simple solution can be used, for example, in color and / or mixed-change weaving processes.
  • the target value nC is fed directly to the control unit 8, for example with a code switch.
  • the target value can hereby be individually adjusted before it is preferably taken into account automatically by the control unit.
  • the curve 11 in FIG. 2 is derived, for example, from the acceleration characteristic curve 13 of the drive 5, which is shown in FIG. 4 for a special drive motor. According to FIG. 4, the acceleration proceeds with a relatively strong increase, and then with a gradually decreasing increase at approximately 500 msec. to achieve a maximum winding speed of 6250 rpm.
  • the course of curve 11 according to FIG. 2 can be determined depending on the course of curve 13 according to FIG. 4.
  • the curve 11 can even be a mathematically representable function of the curve 13.
  • Fig. 2 shows that in the selected embodiment, the target value nV for the number n of turns W on the storage surface 6 decreases only slightly at low winding speeds in order to decrease more and more with higher winding speeds.
  • the points on curve 11 or on curve 11 ', which represent the respective target values, can be calculated or even empirically predetermined.
  • 5 and 6 illustrate the method for controlling the thread delivery and storage device 1 according to FIG. 1 in two operating phases during normal operation, ie in each case when there is a state of equilibrium between the average consumption and the winding speed, that is to say in one state in which the same number of turns is applied to the storage area 6 in one unit of time as is deducted in this unit of time (m / min).
  • the sensing device 10 for the drawn turns is connected to the control unit 8 via a control line 14.
  • a sensor can be contained in the sensing device 9, which senses the movement of the winding element 4 and gives signals to the control unit 8 via a control line 15.
  • the control unit 8 also receives the information on the winding speed value V1, e.g. via a control line 16. The information could come directly from the sensing device 9 or from the drive 5, to which the control unit 8 is connected via a line 17.
  • the control unit 8 contains a microprocessor MP. From the information, the latter can determine the actual value of the number of turns W analogously.
  • the control unit 8 or the microprocessor MP in the control unit 8 contains a table memory 18 which contains the target values nV, for example as a diagram 19 with the curve of FIG. 2, at predetermined storage locations.
  • a dash-dotted control line 20 is to be regarded for the table memory 18 as a query pointer that can be adjusted with the winding speed, which interrogates predetermined storage locations of the table memory 18 at predetermined winding speed values, and now transmits the target value nV1 at the winding speed value V1 to the microprocessor MP.
  • the microprocessor MP determines whether the actual value corresponds to the target value nV1, which in 5 indicates the axial position of the last turn W of the thread supply on the storage surface 6.
  • the control unit 8 causes the drive 5 to accelerate or decelerate in order to bring about an adjustment between the actual value and the target value. This information comparison is repeated at predetermined time intervals (for example determined by a clock for the microprocessor).
  • the information comparison is carried out at a higher take-up speed value V2, at which the smaller target value nV2 is found from the table memory 18. It can be seen that the thread supply at winding speed V2 is smaller than in FIG. 5.
  • the control unit 8 sets the winding speed higher or lower and carries out further information comparisons in order to keep the actual value again at the desired value.
  • control unit controls the take-up speed as a function of the target values in order to obtain an optimal smallness of the thread supply at least for selected take-up speed values.
  • the control takes place in a closed control loop, the setpoints representing reference values for the control.
  • the target value is changed as a fictitious quantity without directly scanning the thread supply on the storage area with regard to the actual value.
  • the storage area 6 is assigned a longitudinal guide 21, on which a thread-sensing device 23 with a narrow sensing area can be adjusted parallel to the storage area 6.
  • the sensing device 23 is coupled to a spindle drive 22 which is acted upon by an adjustment drive 24.
  • Via a control line 25 - either via the control unit 8 or directly - the adjustment drive 24 can be actuated in accordance with the winding speed of the drive 5 such that the distance s of the sensing device 23 from the start of the guide 21 is a function of the current winding speed V2. If the winding speed is increased, the sensing device 23 moves closer to the left end of the guide 21; If the winding speed is lower, then the sensing device 23 moves accordingly in the opposite direction.
  • the sensing device 23 is in signal-transmitting connection with the control unit 8 for the drive 5.
  • the control device 8 controls the winding speed of the winding element 4 so that the size of the thread supply corresponds to the desired value corresponding to a specific winding speed, ie the distance of the sensing device 23 from the left end of the guide 21.
  • control can be carried out with the changing target value and on the basis of the analog actual value, similar to the way indicated in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • adjusting drive 24 does not adjust the sensing device 23 linearly, but rather moves more and more towards the left end of the guide 21 with increasing winding speed.
  • FIG. 8 to which the diagram (solid curve 11 ') of FIG. 3 fits, three sensing devices F1, F2, F3 are attached to the guide 21 parallel to the storage surface 6 and in the longitudinal direction with intermediate intervals.
  • the control line 26 to the control unit 8 is branched via a switching device 27 into three control line branches 261, 262, 263.
  • the switching device 27 can be switched via a control line 28 as a function of the winding speed of the drive 5, such that only one of the sensing devices F1, F2, F3 is in signal-transmitting connection with the control unit 8.
  • the sensor F1 switches first to the sensor F2 and later to the sensor F3, in each case at a predetermined value of the wind-up speed.
  • the sensing device F2 is active at the winding speed V2, the signals of which are used by the control unit 8 to keep the last turn W of the thread supply at the position of the sensing device F2, that is, according to the desired value nV2 for the winding speed V2.
  • the sensing devices on the guide 21 can be moved individually to suit the particular circumstances. It can too more than three sensing devices can be provided in order to achieve a finer gradation between the target values.
  • a permanently installed broadband sensor preferably a so-called CCD opto-sensor or a photocell matrix, which monitors all or at least a predominant part of the thread supply on the consumer side, and to electronically control the broadband sensor so that a sensing part area is dependent on the winding speed is adjusted with increasing winding speed in the direction of a reduction of the thread supply within the sensing range.
  • An aperture-like opening could also be adjusted accordingly in front of the broadband sensor.
  • the size of the thread supply which must be in a state of equilibrium between the average consumption and the winding speed, is reduced with increasing winding speed in order to take advantage of the effect at higher winding speeds that the winding drive can replenish a thread supply faster at higher winding speed than at low winding speed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
  • Winding Filamentary Materials (AREA)
  • Forwarding And Storing Of Filamentary Material (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
EP89104103A 1988-03-08 1989-03-08 Verfahren zum Steuern einer Fadenspeicher- und -liefervorrichtung sowie Fadenspeicher- und -liefervorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0332164B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89104103T ATE77345T1 (de) 1988-03-09 1989-03-08 Verfahren zum steuern einer fadenspeicher- und - liefervorrichtung sowie fadenspeicher- und liefervorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8800839 1988-03-08
SE8800839A SE8800839D0 (sv) 1988-03-09 1988-03-09 Forfarande och anordning for hastighetsreglering av en fournissor for mellan-lagring av garn, trad eller dylikt

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0332164A1 EP0332164A1 (de) 1989-09-13
EP0332164B1 true EP0332164B1 (de) 1992-06-17

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89104103A Expired - Lifetime EP0332164B1 (de) 1988-03-08 1989-03-08 Verfahren zum Steuern einer Fadenspeicher- und -liefervorrichtung sowie Fadenspeicher- und -liefervorrichtung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5119998A (ja)
EP (1) EP0332164B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2766939B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR0170753B1 (ja)
AT (1) ATE77345T1 (ja)
BR (1) BR8907306A (ja)
SE (1) SE8800839D0 (ja)
WO (1) WO1989008600A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3834055C1 (ja) * 1988-10-06 1989-12-28 Iro Ab, Ulricehamn, Se
SE9002031D0 (sv) * 1990-06-06 1990-06-06 Iro Ab Anordning vid avkaennings- och/eller analyssystem foer fournissoer
DE19508758A1 (de) * 1995-03-10 1996-09-12 Iro Ab Liefervorrichtung
KR100305117B1 (ko) * 1996-03-26 2001-12-12 브롬 스티그-아르네 근접센서를가진방적사공급기
KR100315177B1 (ko) * 1996-05-23 2002-05-09 브롬 스티그-아르네 최소한하나의방적사센서를갖는방적사공급기
DE10017466A1 (de) * 2000-04-07 2001-10-11 Iro Patent Ag Baar Verfahren zum Steuern eines Schussfaden-Liefergeräts in einem fadenverarbeitenden System und fadenverarbeitenden System
IT201700113434A1 (it) * 2017-10-10 2019-04-10 Lgl Electronics Spa Metodo di controllo del consumo di filato in un processo di tessitura

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2221655B2 (de) * 1972-05-03 1977-08-04 Rosen, Karl Isac Joel, Dr, Ulncehamn (Schweden) Fadenspeicher- und liefervorrichtung
SE408890B (sv) * 1977-11-14 1979-07-16 Aros Electronics Ab Sett och apparat for styrning av en tradmatningsanordning
US4226379A (en) * 1979-12-06 1980-10-07 Leesona Corporation Loom storage feeder improvement
IT1135172B (it) * 1981-01-26 1986-08-20 Roy Electrotex Spa Dispositivo elettrico di azionamento di apparecchi alimentatori di filo per macchine tessili
JPS59500975A (ja) * 1982-05-12 1984-05-31 アクテイエボラゲツト イロ 織機制御システム
EP0171516B1 (de) * 1984-08-16 1989-03-08 Aktiebolaget Iro Fadenspeicher- und -liefervorrichtung
BE900492A (nl) * 1984-09-04 1985-03-04 Picanol Nv Snelheidsregeling van inslagvoorafwikkelaar bij weefgetouwen.
DE3506490A1 (de) * 1985-02-23 1986-09-04 Sobrevin Société de brevets industriels-Etablissement, Vaduz Liefervorrichtung fuer laufende faeden

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KR900700374A (ko) 1990-08-13
JPH03503298A (ja) 1991-07-25
KR0170753B1 (ko) 1999-03-30
ATE77345T1 (de) 1992-07-15
WO1989008600A1 (en) 1989-09-21
US5119998A (en) 1992-06-09
SE8800839D0 (sv) 1988-03-09
EP0332164A1 (de) 1989-09-13
JP2766939B2 (ja) 1998-06-18
BR8907306A (pt) 1991-03-19

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