EP0328030A2 - Natural stone element to cover building façades - Google Patents

Natural stone element to cover building façades Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0328030A2
EP0328030A2 EP89102036A EP89102036A EP0328030A2 EP 0328030 A2 EP0328030 A2 EP 0328030A2 EP 89102036 A EP89102036 A EP 89102036A EP 89102036 A EP89102036 A EP 89102036A EP 0328030 A2 EP0328030 A2 EP 0328030A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
natural stone
plate
element according
slab
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89102036A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0328030B1 (en
EP0328030A3 (en
Inventor
Gottfried Dr. Cremer
Martin Bard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buchtal GmbH
Original Assignee
Buchtal GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buchtal GmbH filed Critical Buchtal GmbH
Priority to AT89102036T priority Critical patent/ATE66513T1/en
Publication of EP0328030A2 publication Critical patent/EP0328030A2/en
Publication of EP0328030A3 publication Critical patent/EP0328030A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0328030B1 publication Critical patent/EP0328030B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0833—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable
    • E04F13/0835—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable the fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/144—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of marble or other natural stone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a natural stone element according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • such panels are attached to the structure with the help of tab-like fastening elements.
  • these brackets are connected to the load-bearing structure of the building in a suitable manner, on the other hand, they hold the natural stone slabs at their edges in the chosen position.
  • the tabs engage in recesses provided for this purpose on the edge of the plate.
  • weight-saving solutions are proposed by combining natural stone slabs with reduced wall thickness and thin-walled, lightweight support slabs made of other materials, such as aluminum, plastic or the like.
  • the use of aluminum for the formation of support plates has the advantage that the brittle natural stone plates, which are fragile in particular in the case of large formats, are combined with a rigid material which can be used with small wall thicknesses, saves weight and with the natural stone plate without can be combined into a composite panel system. Furthermore, an aluminum plate allows a variety of material-specific fastening options to fasten the large plate to the building, without having to accept the disadvantages of edge storage for natural stone, which are largely due to the brittleness and the lack of bending rigidity of this material.
  • Composite panels are already known in the ceramic sector (DE-OS 27 45 250), in which attempts are made to reduce the occurrence of thermal expansion stresses and any cracks caused thereby by the fact that the materials of the composite element have approximately the same thermal expansion coefficient and the adhesive connecting the panel elements possesses elastic properties.
  • the plate forming the visible surface is made of ceramic material and the carrier plate is made of acrylic concrete.
  • stiffening ribs running around the edge of the slab and extending transversely across the back of the slab on the back of the acrylic concrete slab.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a large-sized natural stone slab with limited weight for the facade area, which can also be used safely and inexpensively in the event of extreme temperature changes.
  • the pairing of natural stone element / ceramic enables the thickness of even large-format natural stone slabs to be reduced even to the range from 3 to 4 mm, the thickness of the ceramic slab being from 6 to 8 mm. This results in considerable weight savings compared to conventional natural stone slabs as facade elements.
  • Such a natural stone element is also relatively easy to manufacture.
  • the production is possible because a prefabricated natural stone slab with twice the wall thickness of the natural stone slab contributing to the bond, taking into account the loss of material of a later middle cut in the slab plane, can be easily produced in such a way that on both sides the Natural stone slabs are permanently applied with the help of an adhesive and then the natural stone slab is cut.
  • This leads to non-destructive production even in large formats thin-walled natural stone slabs, with the connection of the ceramic slabs advantageously already taking place in this manufacturing process, which then serve both as a support for the natural stone slab in the manufacture as supporting support plates for the separating cut of the natural stone slab and also in the slab suspended on the building facade.
  • the invention further proposes to take into account the coefficient of thermal expansion in the selection of the natural stone to be used in such a way that it corresponds at least approximately to that of the ceramic plate in order to avoid the negative effects of different coefficients of thermal expansion described above.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion for the material from which the large-format ceramic plates are made is 5 x 10 ker m / m, that of natural stones varies between 1.5 x 10 ⁇ 6 and 8.2 x 10 ⁇ 6 m depending on the starting material / m.
  • the integration of these fasteners should take place in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner, whereby for receiving the metallic fastener either the ceramic plates can have countersunk holes for receiving the screw head or the like, or the reception in the natural stone plate takes place through recesses, the ceramic plate rounding holes or Has bushings of different cross-section.
  • the wall thickness of the natural stone slab so that its rigidity corresponds to that of the ceramic slab, so that when the composite element is loaded, the neutral fiber (neutral surface) that is, the area in which no normal stresses affect the plane of the composite body filled by the adhesive.
  • the determination of the wall thickness of a certain natural stone material is based on a constant elastic modulus for a desired natural stone material and an elastic modulus and a constant plate thickness for the ceramic supporting plate.
  • the natural stone slabs denoted by 1 are suspended directly from the structure 3 by means of tab-like fastening means 2.
  • the natural stone slabs 1 are fastened via the brackets 2 by means of protruding elements 4 formed on the brackets, which engage in correspondingly formed recesses 5 of the natural stone slabs.
  • the upper projecting elements 4 in the recesses 5 machined at the lower edge of the upper natural stone slab 1 and the lower projecting elements 4 in the recesses 5 made at the upper edge of the lower natural stone slab 1.
  • 1 is a pure natural stone slab, which for structural reasons must have a wall thickness of approximately 3 cm with a format of 1.5 mx 0.5 m. Such a plate has a significant Weight on, so that the fasteners for the suspension of the natural stone slab must be dimensioned accordingly strong.
  • the natural stone element is formed from a natural stone plate 7, which is considerably narrower than that in FIG also attack the fasteners.
  • the ceramic plate 8 is fastened to the bracket 2 by means of a plurality of screws, in particular in the case of hammer head screws 9, which are fastened in a conventional manner to the building structure denoted by 3.
  • a countersunk screw is used, which is received in a correspondingly conical opening in the ceramic plate 8.
  • a hammer head screw 9 is again used, the head of which is received in a corresponding recess in the natural stone plate 7.
  • the bore provided for the hammer head screw 9 is formed in the ceramic plate 8 with a circular cross section.
  • the bore cross section is rectangular or in another Way out of round, so that a positive fit of the screw is guaranteed.
  • FIG. 2 the arrangement away from the edge or the attack away from the edge of the fastening means on the ceramic plate can be seen, which can be seen quite clearly in detail from Fig. 6, which purely schematically shows an edge-side arrangement of the fastening means at 12 and in the left right illustration shows the arrangement of the fasteners at 10 away from the edge.
  • the composite of ceramic plate and natural stone plate is brought about by a suitable adhesive, which is designated 11 in FIG. 2 and is arranged between the adjacent surfaces of the two plates.
  • a suitable adhesive which is designated 11 in FIG. 2 and is arranged between the adjacent surfaces of the two plates.
  • Particularly suitable as an adhesive is a solvent-free, two-component epoxy resin adhesive, which can be cold or warm curing.
  • the slab thickness of the natural stone slab can be 10 mm and below. Thicknesses of 3 to 4 mm are easily possible.
  • the plate thickness of the ceramic plate is advantageously 6 to 8 mm.
  • the natural stone slab has a format of 1.5 mx 0.5 m and has a slab thickness of 3 or 4 mm.
  • the natural stone slab is glued to a ceramic slab with a thickness of 8 mm, using a 2-component epoxy resin adhesive that is slightly thixotropic.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

In a natural stone element to cover building facades, the natural stone element is suspended via a ceramic slab which is adhesively bonded to the rear side of the natural stone slab. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Natursteinelement gemäß dem Ober­begriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a natural stone element according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es ist bekannt, Naturstein, insbesondere Marmor, in platten­förmige Abschnitte zu zerlegen und diese Natursteinplatten für die Verkleidung von Fassaden oder Innenwänden von Bau­werken zu verwenden.It is known to break natural stone, in particular marble, into plate-shaped sections and to use these natural stone slabs for cladding facades or inner walls of buildings.

Hierbei werden in der Regel solche Platten mit Hilfe von la­schenartigen Befestigungselementen am Bauwerk angebracht. Dabei sind diese Laschen einerseits in geeigneter Weise mit der tragenden Struktur des Bauwerkes verbunden, anderer­seits halten sie die Natursteinplatten an deren Rand in der gewählten Lage. Dabei greifen die Laschen in hierfür vorge­sehene Ausnehmungen am Plattenrand.As a rule, such panels are attached to the structure with the help of tab-like fastening elements. On the one hand, these brackets are connected to the load-bearing structure of the building in a suitable manner, on the other hand, they hold the natural stone slabs at their edges in the chosen position. The tabs engage in recesses provided for this purpose on the edge of the plate.

Die Anforderungen technischer Art an eine solche Fassaden­verkleidung hängen von dieser statischen Randlagerung und den zu erwartenden Windkräften sowie dem Zusammenwirken von Abmessungen, Stärke und Gewicht ab. Durch sie werden aber auch die Kosten für Material und Befestigung bestimmt. Ausgeprägt fester Naturstein, wie Marmor, läßt bei Anwendung als Fassadenbekleidung eine Unterschreitung einer Wand­stärke von 30 mm wegen seiner Materialstruktur und seiner Materialeigenschaften sowie der angesprochenen Randlagerung nicht zu. Da die Abmessungen und die Wandstärke gewichts­bestimmend sind, findet die Anwendung von großformatigen Natursteinfassadenplatten eine technische und kostenmäßige Begrenzung bei Abmessungen von ca. 500 x 1500 mm. Diese Be­grenzung verschärft sich mit zunehmender Bauwerkshöhe und mit zunehmenden Windlasten.The technical requirements for such facade cladding depend on this static edge bearing and the wind forces to be expected as well as the interaction of dimensions, strength and weight. They also determine the cost of materials and fastenings. Pronounced solid natural stone, such as marble, does not allow a wall thickness of less than 30 mm when used as facade cladding due to its material structure and properties as well as the mentioned edge storage. Since the dimensions and the wall thickness determine the weight, the use of large-format natural stone facade panels has a technical and cost-related limitation with dimensions of approx. 500 x 1500 mm. This limitation increases with increasing building height and with increasing wind loads.

Für diese Fälle und auch für Anwendungsformen in Bereichen normaler Anforderungen werden Lösungen zur Gewichtsein­sparung vorgeschlagen, indem Natursteinplatten mit redu­zierter Wandstärke und dünnwandige leichtgewichtige Trag­platten aus anderen Werkstoffen, wie Aluminium, Kunststoff oder ähnlichen zusammengefügt werden.For these cases and also for application forms in areas of normal requirements, weight-saving solutions are proposed by combining natural stone slabs with reduced wall thickness and thin-walled, lightweight support slabs made of other materials, such as aluminum, plastic or the like.

Die Verwendung von Aluminium für die Ausbildung von Trag­platten hat den Vorteil, daß die von Hause aus spröden und insbesondere bei großen Formaten unter Lasteinwirkung leicht zerbrechlichen Natursteinplatten mit einem biege­steifen Material kombiniert werden, welches mit geringen Wandstärken einsetzbar ist, Gewichtseinsparung bringt und mit der Natursteinplatte ohne weiteres zu einem Verbund­plattensystem zusammengefügt werden kann. Ferner erlaubt eine Aluminiumplatte eine Vielzahl werkstoffgerechter Be­festigungsmöglichkeiten, um die Großplatte am Bauwerk zu befestigen, ohne die Nachteile der Randlagerung für Na­turstein in Kauf zu nehmen, die maßgeblich durch die Sprödigkeit und die mangelnde Biegesteifigkeit dieses Materials bedingt sind.The use of aluminum for the formation of support plates has the advantage that the brittle natural stone plates, which are fragile in particular in the case of large formats, are combined with a rigid material which can be used with small wall thicknesses, saves weight and with the natural stone plate without can be combined into a composite panel system. Furthermore, an aluminum plate allows a variety of material-specific fastening options to fasten the large plate to the building, without having to accept the disadvantages of edge storage for natural stone, which are largely due to the brittleness and the lack of bending rigidity of this material.

Allerdings treten mit zunehmender Formatgröße, insbeson­dere ab 1 qm und der Anwendung im Fassadenbereich Ablö­sungen und Brüche der Natursteinplatte auf.However, as the size of the format increases, particularly from 1 sqm and when used in the facade area, detachments and breaks in the natural stone slab occur.

Die Anmelderin hat erkannt, daß diese Nachteile vor allem darauf zurückzuführen sind, daß sich die metallische Tragplatte bei Erwärmung wesentlich stärker ausdehnt als die Natursteinplatte. Die Anwendung scherfester Kleber für die Anbindung der Aluminiumplatte an die Naturstein­platte läßt zwar eine gewisse Kompensation dieser Deh­nungsunterschiede zu, jedoch mit steigender Größe der Platten und der im Fassadenbereich auftretenden Tempe­raturwechselbeanspruchungen läßt sich damit kein dauer­ hafter Erfolg erzielen, so daß die Lebensdauer eines sol­chen Verbundes begrenzt ist.The applicant has recognized that these disadvantages are primarily due to the fact that the metallic support plate expands considerably more when heated than the natural stone plate. The use of shear-resistant glue for the connection of the aluminum plate to the natural stone plate allows a certain compensation of these expansion differences, but with increasing size of the plates and the temperature change stresses occurring in the facade area, this cannot last Achieve lasting success, so that the life of such a composite is limited.

Auf dem Keramiksektor sind bereits Verbundplatten bekannt (DE-OS 27 45 250), bei denen versucht wird, das Auftreten von Temperaturdehnungsspannungen und eventuell dadurch bedingten Rissen dadurch zu vermindern, daß die Materialien des Verbundelementes einen annähernd gleichen Temperatur­dehnungskoeffizienten aufweisen und der die Plattenelemente verbindende Kleber elastische Eigenschaften besitzt. Jedoch besteht hierbei die die Sichtfläche bildende Platte aus keramischem Material und ist die Trägerplatte aus Acrylbeton hergestellt. Ferner wird zur Erhöhung der Plattenstabilität vorgeschlagen, an der Rückseite der Trägerplatte aus Acryl­beton über den Plattenrand umlaufende und sich quer über die Plattenrückseite erstreckende Versteifungsrippen vorzusehen.Composite panels are already known in the ceramic sector (DE-OS 27 45 250), in which attempts are made to reduce the occurrence of thermal expansion stresses and any cracks caused thereby by the fact that the materials of the composite element have approximately the same thermal expansion coefficient and the adhesive connecting the panel elements possesses elastic properties. However, the plate forming the visible surface is made of ceramic material and the carrier plate is made of acrylic concrete. Furthermore, in order to increase the stability of the slab, it is proposed to provide stiffening ribs running around the edge of the slab and extending transversely across the back of the slab on the back of the acrylic concrete slab.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine großförmatige Natur­steinplatte mit begrenztem Gewicht für den Fassadenbereich zu schaffen, die auch bei den dort auftretenden extremen Temperaturwechselbeanspruchungen unbedenklich einsetzbar und kostengünstig herstellbar ist.The object of the invention is to provide a large-sized natural stone slab with limited weight for the facade area, which can also be used safely and inexpensively in the event of extreme temperature changes.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im kennzeich­nenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 enthaltenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features contained in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Überraschend hat sich herausgestellt, daß die Verwendung einer keramischen Platte trotz ihrer gegenüber einer me­tallischen Tragplatte wesentlich spröderen Eigenschaf­ten und höheren Gewichts gleichwohl zu einer Fassaden­verkleidung führt, die insbesondere bei großen Formaten und hohen Temperaturwechselbeanspruchungen keinerlei Ablösungserscheinungen oder Brüche zeigt. Gegenüber einer Natursteinplatte mit einem Format von 1500 x 500 mm, deren Wandstärke den statischen Verhältnissen entspre­chend ausgebildet ist, ergibt sich hierbei eine Gewichts­einsparung von etwa 50 %. Mit zunehmender Formatgröße wirkt sich die erzielbare Gewichtseinsparung in noch stärkerem Maße zu Gunsten des erfindungsgemäßen Natur­steinelements aus, da die Wandstärke der reinen Natur­steinplatte aus statischen Erfordernissen, insbesondere auch wegen der Randlagerung, zunehmend erhöht werden muß, hingegen die Abmessungen des erfindungsgemäßen Na­tursteinelements im wesentlichen konstant gehalten wer­den können. Durch die daraus resultierende Material­einsparung sowie durch die vergleichsweise günstige Ausbildung der Befestigung am Bauwerk lassen sich gegen­über einer Natursteinanwendung erhebliche Kosteneinspa­rungen erzielen.Surprisingly, it has been found that the use of a ceramic plate despite its significantly brittle properties and higher weight compared to a metallic support plate nevertheless results in a facade cladding which shows no signs of detachment or breaks, especially in the case of large formats and high temperature changes. Compared to a natural stone slab with a format of 1500 x 500 mm, the wall thickness of which is designed in accordance with the static conditions, this results in a weight saving of approximately 50%. With increasing format size, the achievable weight saving has an even greater advantage in favor of the natural stone element according to the invention, since the wall thickness of the pure natural stone slab has to be increased increasingly due to static requirements, in particular also because of the edge storage, while the dimensions of the natural stone element according to the invention are kept essentially constant can be. The resulting material savings and the comparatively inexpensive design of the attachment to the structure enable considerable cost savings to be achieved compared to natural stone applications.

In sehr erstaunlicher Weise ermöglicht es die Paarung Natursteinelement/Keramik, daß die Dicke selbst groß­formatiger Natursteinplatte sogar auf den Bereich von 3 bis 4 mm reduziert werden kann, wobei die Dicke der Keramikplatte im Bereich von 6 bis 8 mm liegt. Dadurch ergeben sich erhebliche Gewichtseinsparungen gegenüber konventionellen Natursteinplatten als Fassadenelemente.In a very surprising way, the pairing of natural stone element / ceramic enables the thickness of even large-format natural stone slabs to be reduced even to the range from 3 to 4 mm, the thickness of the ceramic slab being from 6 to 8 mm. This results in considerable weight savings compared to conventional natural stone slabs as facade elements.

Ein solches Natursteinelement läßt sich ferner relativ einfach herstellen. Trotz der geringen Wandstärke des Natursteins und der Großformatigkeit ist die Herstellung möglich, weil eine vorgefertigte Natursteinplatte mit der doppelten Wandstärke der zum Verbund beitragenden Natursteinplatte unter Berücksichti­gung des Materialverlustes eines später folgenden mittleren Trennschnittes in Plattenebene dadurch in einfacher Weise her­stellbar ist, daß auf beiden Seiten der Natursteinplatte Trag­platten mit Hilfe eines Klebers dauerhaft aufgebracht werden und dann der Trennschnitt der Natursteinplatte erfolgt. Dies bewirkt eine zerstörungsfreie Herstellung auch großformatiger dünnwandiger Natursteinplatten, wobei zweckmäßigerweise bereits in diesem Herstellungsprozeß die Anbindung der Keramikplatten erfolgt, die dann sowohl bei der Herstellung als stützende Tragplatten für den Trennschnitt der Natursteinplatte wie auch bei der an der Bauwerkfassade aufgehängten Platte als Stütze für die Natursteinplatte dienen.Such a natural stone element is also relatively easy to manufacture. Despite the small wall thickness of the natural stone and the large format, the production is possible because a prefabricated natural stone slab with twice the wall thickness of the natural stone slab contributing to the bond, taking into account the loss of material of a later middle cut in the slab plane, can be easily produced in such a way that on both sides the Natural stone slabs are permanently applied with the help of an adhesive and then the natural stone slab is cut. This leads to non-destructive production even in large formats thin-walled natural stone slabs, with the connection of the ceramic slabs advantageously already taking place in this manufacturing process, which then serve both as a support for the natural stone slab in the manufacture as supporting support plates for the separating cut of the natural stone slab and also in the slab suspended on the building facade.

Die Erfindung schlägt weiterhin vor, bei der Auswahl des zu verwendenden Natursteines dessen Wärmeausdehnungs­koeffizienten in der Weise zu berücksichtigen, daß er zumindest annähernd dem der keramischen Platte entspricht, um die eingangs beschriebenen negativen Wirkungen unter­schiedlicher Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten zu vermeiden. Der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient liegt bei dem vorliegen­den Werkstoff, aus dem die großformatigen keramischen Platten bestehen, bei 5 x 10⁻⁶ m/m, derjenige von Natur­steinen schwankt je nach Ausgangsmaterial zwischen 1,5 x 10⁻⁶ und 8,2 x 10⁻⁶ m/m.The invention further proposes to take into account the coefficient of thermal expansion in the selection of the natural stone to be used in such a way that it corresponds at least approximately to that of the ceramic plate in order to avoid the negative effects of different coefficients of thermal expansion described above. The coefficient of thermal expansion for the material from which the large-format ceramic plates are made is 5 x 10 ker m / m, that of natural stones varies between 1.5 x 10⁻⁶ and 8.2 x 10⁻⁶ m depending on the starting material / m.

In Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Gedankens wird vorgeschlagen, in das Verbundelement metallische Be­festigungsmittel zu integrieren. Dies ermöglicht bei An­ordnung aus statischen Gesichtspunkten randferne Lage­rungen und damit großformatigere Verbundelemente als bei der üblichen Randlagerung.In a further development of the idea according to the invention, it is proposed to integrate metallic fastening means into the composite element. In the case of an arrangement from a static point of view, this enables bearings that are far from the edge and thus larger-format composite elements than in the case of the usual edge storage.

Die Integration dieser Befestigungsmittel soll kraft- und/oder formschlüssig erfolgen, wobei zur Aufnahme des metallischen Befestigungsmittels entweder die kera­mischen Platten Senklöcher zur Aufnahme des Schrauben­kopfes oder ähnliches aufweisen können, oder die Auf­nahme in der Natursteinplatte durch Ausnehmungen erfolgt, wobei die keramische Platte Bohrungen runden oder Durch­führungen anderen Querschnitts aufweist.The integration of these fasteners should take place in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner, whereby for receiving the metallic fastener either the ceramic plates can have countersunk holes for receiving the screw head or the like, or the reception in the natural stone plate takes place through recesses, the ceramic plate rounding holes or Has bushings of different cross-section.

Wegen der großen Bedeutung, die bei einem Verbundelement der erfindungsgemäßen Art der Festigkeit des die Natur­steinplatte und die keramische Tragplatte verbindenden Klebers und seiner Elastizität zukommt, muß dieser in besonderer Weise eingestellt werden, um hohe Scherfestig­keit, Alterungsbeständigkeit und ein solch elastisches Verhalten zu gewährleisten, daß die auftretenden Be­wegungen der Deck- und Tragplatte infolge von Wärmedeh­nung und Zug- oder Druckbeanspruchungen ohne Ermüdung und Festigkeitsverlust aufgenommen werden. Hierzu eig­nen sich modifizierte Kunststoffkleber. Wegen des besse­ren Verbundes von Kleber zu Natursteinplatte wird empfoh­len, die Rückseite dieser Platte aufgerauht zu gestalten. Um jedoch die Kleberschicht weitgehend von vermeidbaren Beanspruchungen, hervorgerufen aus Biegelasten, freizuhal­ten, wird vorgeschlagen, die Wandstärke der Naturstein­platte so zu wählen, daß sie in ihrer Steifigkeit derjeni­gen der keramischen Platte entspricht, damit im Belastungs­fall für das Verbundelement die neutrale Faser (neutrale Fläche) also die Fläche, in der sich keine Normalspannun­gen auswirken, in die durch den Kleber ausgefüllte Ebene des Verbundkörpers zu liegen kommt. Dies erreicht man durch Berücksichtigung des Einflusses von E-Modul und Plattenstärke auf das Biegemoment der Platte. Dazu geht man zur Bestimmung der Wandstärke eines bestimmten Natur­steinwerkstoffes von einem konstanten E-Modul für einen gewünschten Natursteinwerkstoff und von einem E-Modul und einer konstanten Plattenstärke für die keramische Trag­platte aus.Because of the great importance that is attached to a composite element of the type according to the invention of the strength of the adhesive connecting the natural stone plate and the ceramic support plate and its elasticity, this must be adjusted in a special way in order to ensure high shear strength, aging resistance and such an elastic behavior that the occurring movements of the cover and support plate due to thermal expansion and tensile or compressive loads are absorbed without fatigue and loss of strength. Modified plastic adhesives are suitable for this. Because of the better bond between adhesive and natural stone slab, it is recommended to roughen the back of this slab. However, in order to keep the adhesive layer largely free of avoidable stresses caused by bending loads, it is proposed to choose the wall thickness of the natural stone slab so that its rigidity corresponds to that of the ceramic slab, so that when the composite element is loaded, the neutral fiber (neutral surface) that is, the area in which no normal stresses affect the plane of the composite body filled by the adhesive. This is achieved by taking into account the influence of the modulus of elasticity and plate thickness on the bending moment of the plate. To do this, the determination of the wall thickness of a certain natural stone material is based on a constant elastic modulus for a desired natural stone material and an elastic modulus and a constant plate thickness for the ceramic supporting plate.

Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung an­hand der Zeichnung beschrieben. Darin zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Naturstein­elements mit konventioneller Aufhängung,
  • Fig. 2 eine vergleichbare schematische Schnittansicht eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfin­dung sowie
  • Fig. 3 bis 5 Einzelheiten der für die Aufhängung verwendeten Befestigungsmittel,
  • Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel, wobei links eine Platte mit üblicher Randeinspannung und rechts eine Platte mit randferner Einspannung dargestellt ist.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the drawing. Show in it
  • 1 is a schematic sectional view of a natural stone element with conventional suspension,
  • Fig. 2 is a comparable schematic sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the invention as well
  • 3 to 5 details of the fasteners used for the suspension,
  • Fig. 6 is a plan view of an embodiment, a plate with conventional edge clamping on the left and a plate with clamping remote from the edge is shown on the left.

Gemäß Fig. 1 sind die mit 1 bezeichneten Natursteinplatten un­mittelbar über laschenartige Befestigungsmittel 2 an der Bau­werkstruktur 3 aufgehängt. Im einzelnen erfolgt die Befestigung der Natursteinplatten 1 über die Laschen 2 mittels an den La­schen ausgebildeter vorspringender Elemente 4, die in entspre­chend ausgebildete Aussparungen 5 der Natursteinplatten ein­greifen.Entsprechend der Darstellung nach Fig. 1 sind je Lasche 2 beidseitig vorspringende Elemente 4 angeordnet, wobei die oberen vorspringenden Elemente 4 in die am unteren Rand der oberen Natursteinplatte 1 eingearbeiteten Aussparungen 5 und die unteren vorspringenden Elemente 4 in die am oberen Rand der unteren Natursteinplatte 1 eingebrachten Aussparungen 5 eingreifen.1, the natural stone slabs denoted by 1 are suspended directly from the structure 3 by means of tab-like fastening means 2. In detail, the natural stone slabs 1 are fastened via the brackets 2 by means of protruding elements 4 formed on the brackets, which engage in correspondingly formed recesses 5 of the natural stone slabs. Corresponding to the illustration according to FIG engage the upper projecting elements 4 in the recesses 5 machined at the lower edge of the upper natural stone slab 1 and the lower projecting elements 4 in the recesses 5 made at the upper edge of the lower natural stone slab 1.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 handelt es sich um reine Natursteinplatten, die aus statischen Gründen bei einem Format von 1,5 m x 0,5 m eine Wandstärke von ca. 3 cm auf­weisen müssen. Eine solche Platte weist ein erhebliches Gewicht auf, so daß die Befestigungselemente für die Auf­hängung der Natursteinplatte entsprechend stark dimensioniert sein müssen.1 is a pure natural stone slab, which for structural reasons must have a wall thickness of approximately 3 cm with a format of 1.5 mx 0.5 m. Such a plate has a significant Weight on, so that the fasteners for the suspension of the natural stone slab must be dimensioned accordingly strong.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 ist das allgemein mit 6 bezeichnete Natursteinelement aus einer im Vergleich zur Fig. 1 wesentlich schmäleren Natursteinplatte 7 und einer an der Rückseite der Natursteinplatte 7 angeordneten, als Tragplatte für die Natursteinplatte 7 dienenden keramischen Platte 8 gebildet, an welcher auch die Befestigungsmittel angreifen.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the natural stone element, generally designated 6, is formed from a natural stone plate 7, which is considerably narrower than that in FIG also attack the fasteners.

Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die keramische Platte 8 über mehrere Schrauben, im besonderenm Fall Ham­merkopfschrauben 9, an der Lasche 2 befestigt, die in übli­cher Weise an der mit 3 bezeichneten Bauwerksstruktur be­festigt sind.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the ceramic plate 8 is fastened to the bracket 2 by means of a plurality of screws, in particular in the case of hammer head screws 9, which are fastened in a conventional manner to the building structure denoted by 3.

In der Darstellung nach Fig. 2 ist die hammerkopfartige Aus­bildung des Schraubenkopfes in einer entsprechenden Aus­sparung in der Natursteinplatte 7 aufgenommen.2, the hammer-head-like design of the screw head is accommodated in a corresponding recess in the natural stone plate 7.

Bei der Darstellung nach Fig. 3 wird eine Senkkopfschrau­be verwendet, die in einer entsprechend konisch ausgebil­deten Öffnung der keramischen Platte 8 aufgenommen ist.3, a countersunk screw is used, which is received in a correspondingly conical opening in the ceramic plate 8.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 4 ist wiederum eine Ham­merkopfschraube 9 verwendet, deren Kopf in einer entspre­chenden Ausnehmung der Natursteinplatte 7 aufgenommen ist. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 4 ist die für die Hammerkopfschraube 9 vorgesehene Bohrung in der kera­mischen Platte 8 mit kreisrundem Querschnitt ausgebildet. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 5, die eine vergleich­bare Hammerkopfschraube 9 beschreibt, ist hingegen der Bohrungsquerschnitt rechteckförmig oder in sonst einer Weise unrund ausgebildet, so daß ein kraftschlüssiger Sitz der Schraube gewährleistet ist.In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, a hammer head screw 9 is again used, the head of which is received in a corresponding recess in the natural stone plate 7. In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the bore provided for the hammer head screw 9 is formed in the ceramic plate 8 with a circular cross section. In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, which describes a comparable hammer head screw 9, on the other hand the bore cross section is rectangular or in another Way out of round, so that a positive fit of the screw is guaranteed.

Aus Fig. 2 ist die randferne Anordnung bzw. der randferne Angriff der Befestigungsmittel an der keramischen Platte ersichtlich, was im einzelnen recht anschaulich aus der Fig. 6 hervorgeht, die rein schematisch auf der linken Seite eine randseitige Anordnung der Befestigungsmittel bei 12 und in der rechten Darstellung die randferne Anordnung der Befestigungsmittel bei 10 zeigt.From Fig. 2, the arrangement away from the edge or the attack away from the edge of the fastening means on the ceramic plate can be seen, which can be seen quite clearly in detail from Fig. 6, which purely schematically shows an edge-side arrangement of the fastening means at 12 and in the left right illustration shows the arrangement of the fasteners at 10 away from the edge.

Der Verbund aus keramischer Platte und Natursteinplatte wird durch einen geeigneten Kleber bewerkstelligt, der in Fig. 2 mit 11 bezeichnet und zwischen den benachbarten Flächen der beiden Platten angeordnet ist. Als Kleber eignet sich insbesondere ein lösungsmittelfreier, 2-Kompo­nentenepoxidharzklebstoff, der kalt- oder warm aushärtend sein kann.The composite of ceramic plate and natural stone plate is brought about by a suitable adhesive, which is designated 11 in FIG. 2 and is arranged between the adjacent surfaces of the two plates. Particularly suitable as an adhesive is a solvent-free, two-component epoxy resin adhesive, which can be cold or warm curing.

Die Plattendicke der Natursteinplatte kann 10 mm und darunter betragen. Dicken von 3 bis 4 mm sind ohne weiteres möglich. Die Plattendicke der keramischen Platte beträgt zweckmäßiger­weise 6 bis 8 mm.The slab thickness of the natural stone slab can be 10 mm and below. Thicknesses of 3 to 4 mm are easily possible. The plate thickness of the ceramic plate is advantageously 6 to 8 mm.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform besitzt die Naturstein­platte ein Format von 1,5 m x 0,5 m und besitzt hierbei eine Plattendicke von 3 oder 4 mm. Die Natursteinplatte ist mit einer keramischen Platte mit einer Dicke von 8 mm verklebt, wobei ein 2-komponentiger Epoxidharzklebstoff verwendet wird, der leicht thixotropiert ist.In a preferred embodiment, the natural stone slab has a format of 1.5 mx 0.5 m and has a slab thickness of 3 or 4 mm. The natural stone slab is glued to a ceramic slab with a thickness of 8 mm, using a 2-component epoxy resin adhesive that is slightly thixotropic.

Claims (10)

1. Natursteinelement in Form einer großformatigen Plat­te für die Verkleidung von Bauwerkfassaden, welches auf seiner der Sichtseite abgewandten Seite mit einer Tragplat­te dauerhaft verbunden und über diese am Bauwerk aufgehängt ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß die Aufhängung der Natursteinplatte (7) über eine kera­mische Platte (8) erfolgt, die mit der Rückseite der Natur­steinplatte verklebt ist.1. natural stone element in the form of a large-format plate for the cladding of building facades, which is permanently connected to a supporting plate on its side facing away from the visible side and is suspended from it on the building,
characterized by
that the suspension of the natural stone slab (7) via a ceramic plate (8) which is glued to the back of the natural stone slab. 2. Natursteinelement nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient der Natursteinplatte (7) annähernd gleich demjenigen der keramischen Platte (8) ist.2. natural stone element according to claim 1,
characterized by
that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the natural stone plate (7) is approximately equal to that of the ceramic plate (8). 3. Natursteinelement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß das Verbundelement (6) aus Natursteinplatte (7) und Keramikplatte (8) auf seiner der Sichtseite abgewandten Seite metallische Befestigungsmittel (9) trägt, die in das Verbundelement (6) form- und/oder kraft­schlüssig integriert sind.3. natural stone element according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized by
that the composite element (6) made of natural stone plate (7) and ceramic plate (8) on its side facing away from the metal fasteners (9) which are integrated in the composite element (6) positively and / or non-positively. 4. Natursteinelement nach einem der vorhergehenden An­sprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß zur Aufnahme des metallischen Befestigungsmittels die zur Natursteinplatte (7) gewandte Seite der keramischen Platte (8) Senklöcher aufweist.4. Natural stone element according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that for receiving the metallic fastener, the side facing the natural stone plate (7) of the ceramic plate (8) has countersunk holes. 5. Natursteinelement nach einem der vorhergehenden An­sprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß zur Aufnahme des metallischen Befestigungsmittels die Natursteinplatte (7) auf ihrer der Sichtseite abgewandten Seite Ausnehmungen und die keramische Platte (8) Bohrungen oder Durchführungen aufweist.5. Natural stone element according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that for receiving the metallic fastener, the natural stone plate (7) on its side facing away from the recesses and the ceramic plate (8) has bores or bushings. 6. Natursteinelement nach einem der vorhergehenden An­sprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß die Lage und Anordnung der metallischen Befestigungs­mittel nach statischen Gesichtspunkten erfolgt.6. Natural stone element according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the location and arrangement of the metallic fasteners takes place from a static point of view. 7. Natursteinelement nach einem der vorhergehenden An­sprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß die Natursteinplatte (7) in ihrer Wandstärke so ge­wählt ist, daß sie die Steifigkeit der Keramikplatte (8) aufweist.7. natural stone element according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the natural stone plate (7) is chosen in its wall thickness so that it has the rigidity of the ceramic plate (8). 8. Natursteinelement nach einem der vorhergehenden An­sprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß die der Keramikplatte (8) zugewandte Seite der Natur­steinplatte (7) aufgerauht gestaltet ist.8. natural stone element according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the side of the natural stone plate (7) facing the ceramic plate (8) is designed roughened. 9. Natursteinelement nach einem der vorhergehenden An­sprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet ,
daß der Kleber so ausgebildet ist, daß er eine hohe Scherfe­stigkeit aufweist.9. natural stone element according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the adhesive is designed so that it has a high shear strength. 10. Natursteinelement nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Dicke der Natursteinplatte kleiner oder gleich etwa 8 mm, vorzugsweise 3 bis 4 mm und die Dicke der Keramikplatte etwa 6 bis 8 mm beträgt.10. natural stone element according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the thickness of the natural stone slab is less than or equal to about 8 mm, preferably 3 to 4 mm and the thickness of the ceramic slab is about 6 to 8 mm.
EP89102036A 1988-02-08 1989-02-06 Natural stone element to cover building façades Expired - Lifetime EP0328030B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89102036T ATE66513T1 (en) 1988-02-08 1989-02-06 NATURAL STONE ELEMENT FOR COVERING BUILDING FAÇADES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3803739A DE3803739A1 (en) 1988-02-08 1988-02-08 NATURAL STONE ELEMENT FOR CLADDING CONSTRUCTION FACADES
DE3803739 1988-02-08

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0328030A2 true EP0328030A2 (en) 1989-08-16
EP0328030A3 EP0328030A3 (en) 1989-12-20
EP0328030B1 EP0328030B1 (en) 1991-08-21

Family

ID=6346885

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89102036A Expired - Lifetime EP0328030B1 (en) 1988-02-08 1989-02-06 Natural stone element to cover building façades

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5042215A (en)
EP (1) EP0328030B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0224449A (en)
AT (1) ATE66513T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1310503C (en)
DE (3) DE8811912U1 (en)
DK (1) DK40889A (en)
FI (1) FI89296C (en)
NO (1) NO172403C (en)
PT (1) PT89568B (en)
ZA (1) ZA89708B (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10138507A1 (en) * 2001-02-09 2002-08-29 Peter Kellner Building facade of natural stone is composed of groups of thin stone plates, assembled in groups at a carrier layer, without gaps between them within groups but leaving open diffusion gaps at the joints between groups
EP1780006A2 (en) * 2005-10-26 2007-05-02 Planolith GmbH Composite body based on a ceramic and an artificial or natural stone
WO2009121772A1 (en) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-08 Mueller Martin Mounting means for mounting natural stone, and method of mounting natural stone
CN106193489A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-07 苏州金螳螂建筑装饰股份有限公司 A kind of abnormity tetragon stone material post

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5314554A (en) * 1988-04-05 1994-05-24 Owens Charles R Method for producing a laminated tile product
DE4012392A1 (en) * 1990-04-19 1991-10-24 Villeroy & Boch WALL COVERING ELEMENT
JP2520169Y2 (en) * 1990-05-29 1996-12-11 清水建設株式会社 Ceramic veneer
DE19518675C1 (en) * 1995-05-22 1996-05-15 Blanke Bohne J Prof Dr Support for natural stone building facade
PT799949E (en) 1996-04-04 2002-04-29 Blanke-Bohne Prof Dr J NAURAL STONE ELEMENT
US20040161546A1 (en) * 2000-10-10 2004-08-19 Clemmer Clay E. Method Of Making A Stone Veneer
US6792727B2 (en) * 2002-09-12 2004-09-21 Commercial And Architectural Products, Inc. Curved wall panel system
US7779591B2 (en) * 2007-03-29 2010-08-24 Stronggo Llc Tiles with bottom-side extensions and method for installation
US8782988B2 (en) * 2008-02-06 2014-07-22 Boral Stone Products Llc Prefabricated wall panel with tongue and groove construction
CN101666145B (en) * 2008-09-05 2011-02-09 成龙建设集团有限公司 Method for upward hanging projecting eave stones
CA2728902A1 (en) * 2010-01-18 2011-07-18 Boral Stone Products Llc Trim kit for building construction
USD670009S1 (en) 2011-01-18 2012-10-30 Boral Stone Products Llc Trim kit for building construction
US9027302B2 (en) 2012-08-08 2015-05-12 Boral Stone Products, LLC Wall panel
CA2994498C (en) * 2015-08-06 2024-01-16 Frontwave - Engenharia E Consultadoria, S. A. Multilayer laminate panel
US11332943B2 (en) 2019-10-08 2022-05-17 D.A. Distribution Inc. Wall covering with adjustable spacing

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL281563A (en) * 1900-01-01
FR1392030A (en) * 1964-02-03 1965-03-12 Marble slab
CH609407A5 (en) * 1977-06-28 1979-02-28 Jean Michel Simon Construction element comprising a facing part of natural or artificial stone mounted on a support part
DE2745250A1 (en) * 1977-10-07 1979-04-12 Wisal Kunstharzbeton Gmbh Composite panel for surface covering a decoration - consisting of ceramic tiles fixed to acrylic concrete support
EP0122357A1 (en) * 1983-04-15 1984-10-24 TECNOMARMI MAIERA S.p.A. Composite facing plate and method for its production
DE3326413A1 (en) * 1983-07-19 1985-01-31 Eckhard Dipl.-Ing. 1000 Berlin Liebricht Lightweight natural-stone slab on supporting structure for covering ceilings, walls, floors and the like
DE8701693U1 (en) * 1987-02-05 1987-04-02 Flachglas AG, 8510 Fürth Facade panel in the form of a laminated glass pane
EP0221262A1 (en) * 1985-08-14 1987-05-13 Buchtal Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Large-size ceramic slab with retaining components provided on the side away from the visual side

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3248257A (en) * 1960-10-24 1966-04-26 Woods Conversion Company Flame-resistant mineral fiber tile
US3248836A (en) * 1963-06-17 1966-05-03 Structural Clay Products Inst External wall panel and wall formed therefrom
US3724152A (en) * 1971-01-13 1973-04-03 A Castellarin Masonry laminate
US3958384A (en) * 1972-11-17 1976-05-25 Naomitsu Megumi Structure assembled of the unit bodies having stone-like type shells and an insulating insert
US3888055A (en) * 1973-09-25 1975-06-10 Roberto A Gallo Crypt wall construction having removable fronts secured by concealed fasteners and method of construction
US4060951A (en) * 1976-09-15 1977-12-06 Sandor Gere Stressless suspension and anchoring process of stone veneer
DE2804034A1 (en) * 1978-01-31 1979-08-02 Esto Klinker Ebersdorfer Scham Monolithic heat insulating ceramic wall or floor panel - has integral ceramic insulation layer burned in same firing process
US4644711A (en) * 1982-11-01 1987-02-24 Paul Eickhof Fastening apparatus for shutters
US4640850A (en) * 1983-04-18 1987-02-03 Technomarmi Maiera S.P.A. Composite slab incorporating a sheet of marble or similar natural stone, for the formation of facings for building, interior decoration and the like
DE3407443A1 (en) * 1984-02-29 1985-08-29 Buchtal Gmbh Keramische Betriebe, 8472 Schwarzenfeld PANEL SHAPED COMPOSITE ELEMENT
US4931331A (en) * 1988-04-05 1990-06-05 Owens Charles R Laminated tile product, method for producing the same and method for installing the same

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL281563A (en) * 1900-01-01
FR1392030A (en) * 1964-02-03 1965-03-12 Marble slab
CH609407A5 (en) * 1977-06-28 1979-02-28 Jean Michel Simon Construction element comprising a facing part of natural or artificial stone mounted on a support part
DE2745250A1 (en) * 1977-10-07 1979-04-12 Wisal Kunstharzbeton Gmbh Composite panel for surface covering a decoration - consisting of ceramic tiles fixed to acrylic concrete support
EP0122357A1 (en) * 1983-04-15 1984-10-24 TECNOMARMI MAIERA S.p.A. Composite facing plate and method for its production
DE3326413A1 (en) * 1983-07-19 1985-01-31 Eckhard Dipl.-Ing. 1000 Berlin Liebricht Lightweight natural-stone slab on supporting structure for covering ceilings, walls, floors and the like
EP0221262A1 (en) * 1985-08-14 1987-05-13 Buchtal Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Large-size ceramic slab with retaining components provided on the side away from the visual side
DE8701693U1 (en) * 1987-02-05 1987-04-02 Flachglas AG, 8510 Fürth Facade panel in the form of a laminated glass pane

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10138507A1 (en) * 2001-02-09 2002-08-29 Peter Kellner Building facade of natural stone is composed of groups of thin stone plates, assembled in groups at a carrier layer, without gaps between them within groups but leaving open diffusion gaps at the joints between groups
EP1780006A2 (en) * 2005-10-26 2007-05-02 Planolith GmbH Composite body based on a ceramic and an artificial or natural stone
EP1780006A3 (en) * 2005-10-26 2008-07-16 Planolith GmbH Composite body based on a ceramic and an artificial or natural stone
WO2009121772A1 (en) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-08 Mueller Martin Mounting means for mounting natural stone, and method of mounting natural stone
US8359811B2 (en) 2008-04-02 2013-01-29 Mueller Martin Mounting means for mounting natural stone, and method of mounting natural stone
CN106193489A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-07 苏州金螳螂建筑装饰股份有限公司 A kind of abnormity tetragon stone material post

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA89708B (en) 1989-09-27
FI890447A (en) 1989-08-09
EP0328030B1 (en) 1991-08-21
DE3803739A1 (en) 1989-08-17
NO890373L (en) 1989-08-09
DE8811912U1 (en) 1989-01-12
ATE66513T1 (en) 1991-09-15
PT89568A (en) 1989-10-04
DE58900225D1 (en) 1991-09-26
FI89296B (en) 1993-05-31
JPH0224449A (en) 1990-01-26
NO172403B (en) 1993-04-05
EP0328030A3 (en) 1989-12-20
DK40889D0 (en) 1989-01-30
FI890447A0 (en) 1989-01-30
NO172403C (en) 1993-07-14
US5042215A (en) 1991-08-27
FI89296C (en) 1993-09-10
DK40889A (en) 1989-08-09
CA1310503C (en) 1992-11-24
NO890373D0 (en) 1989-01-30
PT89568B (en) 1994-01-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0328030B1 (en) Natural stone element to cover building façades
EP1062092B1 (en) Earthenware support
EP0799949B1 (en) Natural stone element
DE19518675C1 (en) Support for natural stone building facade
DE4004103C2 (en) Wall element for external building walls and method for producing a wall element
EP0303139B1 (en) Façade element with a stone plate and method of manufacturing such an element
EP0700776B1 (en) Building element consisting of a concrete body with at least one attached glass pane
EP0682163B2 (en) Kit for composite thermal lining systems and ventilated walls
DE19828607A1 (en) Structure increasing loading capacity of concrete floors
DE60025322T2 (en) Laminated glass for a glass structure
EP1409809A2 (en) Natural stone plate and method for the production thereof
DE4233695C2 (en) Composite panel for wall coverings
DE20119864U1 (en) Thermal insulation pad for an outside window sill
EP0578230B1 (en) Large-size ceramic slab to receive metallic fastening means
EP0406991B1 (en) Facing panel
EP0340410A1 (en) Natural stone slab with fixing elements on its non-visible side
WO2006114068A1 (en) Structure element made of stone or glass
EP3971361A1 (en) Loam panel
DE10034632B4 (en) Plate-shaped component using a natural stone plate
DE60124115T2 (en) GLASS ELEMENT CONNECTION
WO2008003276A2 (en) Plate-shaped structural component
EP1180421A2 (en) Manufacturing process for a construction element, the element and its use
DE102016102780A1 (en) Roof or facade element in the form of a sandwich-like Dämmpaneels
DE102004035011A1 (en) Connection unit for interior fittings, has effective area made of artificial stone or work stone and exhibiting carrier plate with recesses, and positive fit connection, where artificial and/or work stone plate unit is arranged at plate
DE4204822A1 (en) Fixing of stone facade panels to metal decking - has honeycomb metal panels are used load bearing panels and stone clad panels are attached with fixings allowing for thermal movement

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19891219

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19910108

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 66513

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19910915

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 58900225

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19910926

ET Fr: translation filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19940117

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19940117

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19940222

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19940222

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19940228

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19940309

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19940321

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19940331

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19940426

Year of fee payment: 6

EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 89102036.4

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19950206

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19950206

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19950206

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19950207

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19950228

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19950228

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19950228

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: BUCHTAL G.M.B.H.

Effective date: 19950228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19950901

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19950206

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19951031

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19950901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19951101

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 89102036.4

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050206