EP1409809A2 - Natural stone plate and method for the production thereof - Google Patents
Natural stone plate and method for the production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- EP1409809A2 EP1409809A2 EP02717944A EP02717944A EP1409809A2 EP 1409809 A2 EP1409809 A2 EP 1409809A2 EP 02717944 A EP02717944 A EP 02717944A EP 02717944 A EP02717944 A EP 02717944A EP 1409809 A2 EP1409809 A2 EP 1409809A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- natural stone
- flat element
- stone slab
- composite panel
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/144—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of marble or other natural stone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
- B28D1/005—Cutting sheet laminae in planes between faces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
- B28D7/04—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups for supporting or holding work or conveying or discharging work
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
Definitions
- the invention relates to a natural stone slab, in particular thin stone slab, which is provided with additional elements for increasing strength and a method for its production.
- the natural stone slab according to the invention is suitable for use in a wide range of fields, and can preferably be used as a worktop in high-quality kitchens.
- DE 297 16 322 UI describes a worktop with a cover layer made of natural or artificial stone and a support layer made of a lighter material, in which the natural stone plate is connected to a support layer made of calcium silicate.
- the low strength of the worktop is a disadvantage; in particular, the bending tensile strength is low.
- the risk of breakage resulting from the low bending tensile strength is in areas with weakened cross sections - such as next to recesses and protruding wheels - particularly high.
- a plate-shaped semi-finished product a method for producing a plate-shaped semi-finished product and a trough-shaped object are known.
- the polyurethane molded body is formed by at least two layers lying one above the other, the layer lying away from the natural stone layer being a higher one Has strength than the at least one further layer.
- the at least one further layer is intended to increase the lever arm of the internal forces, namely the compressive force in the plane of the natural stone slab and the tensile force in the layer with greater strength which is distant from the natural stone layer, in order to increase the torque that can be absorbed.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying a natural stone slab arrangement and a method for its production which enables the natural stone slab to be made with a small thickness and which nevertheless has a sufficiently high flexural tensile strength in order to be able to be processed and transported in larger dimensions.
- the object is achieved with an arrangement which contains the features specified in claim 1 and with a method which has the features specified in claim 24.
- the invention has a number of advantages. By arranging a reinforcement with high tensile strength and a very high modulus of elasticity compared to the natural stone slab, a high bending tensile strength is achieved even when a shear-resistant underlayer is not used, even when using a thin natural stone slab.
- the freezing of a fastening device to flat elements enables secure and almost noiseless fixing, regardless of the roughness and the nature of the surface of the flat elements, neither affecting the surface quality nor Bending moments are introduced into the flat elements.
- this enables very thin natural stone slabs to be separated from natural stone blocks or from thicker natural stone slabs.
- the method according to the invention can be carried out in an environmentally friendly manner without the use of pollutants. This process can be used to process panels with uneven surfaces as well as polished surfaces.
- FIG. 1 shows a section through a reinforced area of a natural stone composite panel according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a bottom view of a natural stone composite panel serving as a kitchen worktop
- FIG. 3 is a top view and a section of a natural stone composite panel designed as a module component
- Figure 5 is a natural stone composite slab which is surrounded on all sides with stone slabs.
- FIG. 6 shows a section through a kitchen worktop with carbon fiber reinforcement in a groove worked into the natural stone slab from below
- FIG. 7 shows the side view in section A-A of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1,
- FIG. 8 shows a section through a kitchen worktop with carbon fiber reinforcement, which is incorporated into the natural stone slab from below. groove and additional surface reinforcement,
- FIG. 9 shows a section through an embodiment with a groove worked into the natural stone slab from above
- FIG. 10 shows a natural stone slab with a groove and decorative insert worked in from above
- FIG. 11 a natural stone slab with a groove worked in from below and a stiffening element arranged horizontally
- FIG. 12 shows a natural stone slab with a groove and a vertically arranged stiffening element
- FIG. 13 shows a top view of a section of a drainage groove incorporated in a kitchen worktop with undercounter sink and into the natural stone slab.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a natural stone block with a thin natural stone slab to be separated from it
- Figure 15 is a sectional view through an embodiment of the device according to the invention with a fixed natural stone slab and Figure 16 shows an arrangement for separating thin slabs.
- a reinforcement layer 3 made of carbon fiber is attached to the underside of a natural stone slab 1, which has a small thickness, by means of a first adhesive layer 2, which is designed as a high-strength epoxy resin adhesive layer. Both the strength and the The modulus of elasticity of the reinforcement layer 3 is significantly greater than the strength and the modulus of elasticity of the natural stone slab 1.
- the reinforcement layer 3 is arranged within one plane, so that no deflection forces occur normal to the plane of the reinforcement layer 3 due to a moment load on the composite slab. Slight bumps on the underside of the
- Natural stone slabs are compensated for by the first adhesive layer 2; the thickness of the adhesive layer 2 is slightly larger than the depth of the unevenness to be compensated.
- 3 tensile stresses occur in the level of the rigid and tensile reinforcement layer and 1 compressive stresses in the level of the pressure-resistant natural stone panel, the resulting forces of which are in equilibrium.
- the shear stresses are transmitted by means of the high-strength and shear-resistant first adhesive layer 2 with negligible shear deformation.
- the bond between the pressure-resistant natural stone slab 1 and the tensile reinforcement layer 3 ensures a high bending tensile strength of the composite slab.
- FIG. 2 shows the bottom view of a kitchen worktop A with a first partial area B and a second partial area C, which are later to be sawn out for the installation of two sinks.
- the structure of the kitchen worktop A outside of the partial areas B, C is shown in FIG. 1, the thicknesses of the natural stone plate 1 and the light material layer 5 being constant. Since the first section B is to be sawed out later for the installation of two sinks, this section is
- the first adhesive layer 2 is arranged on the underside of the natural stone slab 1, the second adhesive layer 4 immediately thereafter and the light material layer 5 thereon; the reinforcement layer 3 was not arranged in this partial area 3.
- the thickness of the second adhesive layer 4 in sub-area B is as large as the sum of the thicknesses of reinforcement layer 3 and second adhesive layer 4 in the general area of worktop A outside of sub-areas B and C.
- sub-area C which is also sawn out later for installing a sink is to be dispensed with both the arrangement of the reinforcement layer 3 and the arrangement of the first adhesive layer 2;
- the height compensation takes place to ensure a constant total thickness of the natural stone composite panel in that the thickness of the second adhesive layer 4, with which the light material layer 5 is glued directly to the natural stone panel 1, is as large as the sum of the thicknesses of the first adhesive layer 2, reinforcement layer 3 and second adhesive layer 4 in the general area of the worktop A outside of the partial areas B and C.
- the omission of the reinforcement layer 3 in the partial areas B and C to be cut out anyway serves both to reduce the manufacturing effort for the worktop A and to reduce the effort involved in sawing the worktop A.
- Figures 3 and 4 illustrate an example in which the composite panel is designed in the form of modular components that can be assembled in different shapes. This can be used to advantage in the individual design of kitchen worktops. It can be used to join together worktops that have openings for a sink, a hob and the like, without having to work in the recesses that are difficult to produce in stone slabs. This also greatly reduces the risk of breakage when transporting such plates.
- FIG. 3 shows the top view of two natural stone slabs designed as module components in different dimensions and a vertical section through such a plate.
- the slabs are rectangular and have a natural stone slab 1.1 on the front and rear. It is also possible to attach plastic edges instead of the natural stone slabs 1.1.
- a protective layer 7 is attached to the underside of the light material layer 5.
- the plates are advantageously manufactured with a total thickness of 40 mm in the usual widths of 600 mm for kitchens.
- the stone slab has a thickness of 10 mm. At a distance of 25 mm from the rear and front outer edges, 5 mm wide grooves are provided on the underside, into which rod-shaped connecting elements can be inserted.
- the connecting elements ensure the required defined position between adjacent plates or other adjacent module components, for example between plates and the web elements shown in FIG. 4.
- the web elements have the same design as the panels, except for their width. They are also provided with side natural stone slabs 1.1 and a groove 6.1.
- a preferred embodiment provides for two parallel grooves 6.1 to be made, into which a U-shaped rail can be introduced for fixing adjacent module components.
- a groove 6.2 is machined into the natural stone plate on the underside of a thin natural stone plate 1.
- the natural stone slab 1 is designed as a thin slab with a thickness of 6 to 20 mm, thicknesses of 12 mm are preferably used.
- a strip-like stiffening element 8 made of carbon fiber is fastened in the natural stone slab groove 6.2 by means of a high-strength epoxy resin adhesive layer. Both the strength and the modulus of elasticity of the stiffening element 8 are included significantly greater than the strength and the modulus of elasticity of the natural stone slab 1.
- strips of metal, glass fiber or other suitable materials can be used as stiffening elements 8.
- connection between the pressure-resistant natural stone slab 1 and the tensile stiffening element 8 arranged in the groove 6.2 ensures a high bending tensile strength of the worktop despite the low material thickness. This enables easier processing as well as calibration of the stone slabs.
- the sheets of 30 mm thick starting material are machined to the desired thickness of 12 mm or even smaller thicknesses.
- the plates do not require separate substructures to accommodate the machining forces. However, it is of course possible to attach such substructures. Due to the high modulus of elasticity of the stiffening elements 8, only extremely small deformation occurs on natural stone slabs of small thickness that are exposed to moment loads, so that failure of the worktop is prevented even for protruding areas. In the arrangement shown in FIG.
- a light material layer 5 made of plastic is attached to the underside, which in turn is provided on its underside with a plastic layer 9 in the form of a 2 mm Formica sheet.
- a metal bracket 10 made of stainless steel on the underside of the slab, which fulfills aesthetic tasks and also takes on an additional strength-supporting function.
- the stiffening elements 8 only in highly stressed areas, in particular in strips in the edge areas of the worktop. It is also expedient, as shown in FIG. 6, to glue additional upper carbon fiber strips 8.1 and lower carbon fiber strips 8.2 to the natural stone slab 1 above and below the stiffening elements 8.
- FIG. 8 shows a section through a kitchen worktop with an additional areal reinforcement 11.
- Upper carbon fiber strips 8.1 are fastened in a groove 6.2 worked into the natural stone plate from below.
- FIG. 9 explains an arrangement in which the groove 6.2 is worked into the natural stone slab 1 from above.
- the carbon fiber strip serving as a stiffening element 8 is inserted from above and fastened there.
- a cover with a potting compound 12 is located above the carbon fiber strip.
- a decorative insert 13 is attached above the carbon fiber strip. It can preferably consist of stainless steel or a decorative plastic.
- the groove 6.2 is chamfered in the upper area. The arrangement is designed so that the stiffening element 8 and the decorative insert 13 made of an aesthetically effective material
- Figures 11 and 12 show embodiments of natural stone slabs, in which a groove is incorporated on the underside.
- the stiffening element can be arranged both horizontally and vertically.
- FIG. 13 shows a plan view of a kitchen worktop, into which an opening 15 has been made, under which an undercounter sink can be attached, and into which lateral drainage grooves 14, which are designed in the manner described above, open out.
- FIG. 14 shows a block-shaped natural stone block 16 which is to be cut into thin natural stone slabs in several steps.
- the first thin natural stone slab to be cut by the natural stone block 16 in a planned sectional plane 20 is a flat element 16.1.
- this flat element Before cutting off the thin natural stone slab, i.e. the flat element 16.1, this flat element becomes 16.1 fixed on its outer surface to four partial surfaces 16.2; the device for fixing is not shown here.
- FIG. 15 shows a fixed flat element 16.1 which has already been cut off from the natural stone block 16 (not shown in this figure).
- Two fastening devices 18 are arranged on a substructure 17, the sides of which facing flat element 16.1 are flat, lie in one plane and consist of a soft material.
- Devices for supplying a liquid or a gel 19 are respectively arranged in the fastening devices 18. As a liquid or gel 19 is in the embodiment
- the devices for supplying the liquid or the gel 19 lead to outlets which are arranged in the sides of the fastening devices 18 facing the flat element 16.1. Cooling devices acting on the liquid or gel 19 are arranged in the fastening devices 18, which serve to cool the liquid or gel 19
- the substructure 17 is designed to be movable and, in addition to fixing the flat element 16.1 during the cutting from the natural stone block 16, also serves to transport (lifting, rotating, tilting and loading) the flat element 16.1 after cutting.
- the fastening device can be immersed in a liquid whose temperature is below the freezing point of the liquid 19, lies. In the simplest case, supercooled water can be used for this. It is also possible to use liquid gases such as liquid nitrogen and the like. Like. To use.
- fastening device 18 it is possible to arrange only one — possibly large-area — fastening device 18 or to couple the device for supplying the liquid or the gel 19 only to the fastening device 18 without integrating it into the fastening device 18.
- FIG. 16 shows how a thin, for example 2 cm thick natural stone slab 1 is split with a cutting disc 22.
- a liquid-impregnated material 21 is applied over the entire surface of both already polished sides of the natural stone slab 1, which is then cooled, so that it adheres firmly to the natural stone slab 1 in the frozen state and results in a stable bond that separates and transports the thin ones Natural stone slabs made safe. In this way, even polished panels of larger dimensions can be separated and transported without exposing them to breakage.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10106602 | 2001-02-09 | ||
DE10106602 | 2001-02-09 | ||
DE10126247 | 2001-05-29 | ||
DE10126247 | 2001-05-29 | ||
DE10201722 | 2002-01-18 | ||
DE2002101722 DE10201722A1 (en) | 2002-01-18 | 2002-01-18 | Composite natural stone slab, has reinforcing layer bonded to slab and lightweight material layer via adhesive layers |
PCT/DE2002/000462 WO2002064903A2 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2002-02-08 | Natural stone plate and method for the production thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1409809A2 true EP1409809A2 (en) | 2004-04-21 |
EP1409809B1 EP1409809B1 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
Family
ID=27214284
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02717944A Expired - Lifetime EP1409809B1 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2002-02-08 | Natural stone plate and method for the production thereof |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1409809B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE310134T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002249069A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE50204958D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002064903A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0322072D0 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2003-10-22 | Cox Preston D | Stone component countertop system |
ES2312283B1 (en) * | 2007-08-06 | 2009-10-26 | Camilo Piedras De Galicia, S.L. | PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING NATURAL STONE PLATES APPLICABLE TO DECORATION. |
IT1394955B1 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2012-07-27 | Toncelli | PROCESS AND PEROXIDE INITIATOR FOR THE PREPARATION OF STEEL CONGLOMERATE ARTICLES |
TR200900441A1 (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2010-08-23 | Tureks Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ | A method of consolidation. |
DE102010034851B4 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2012-04-12 | Helmut Ernstberger | A process for producing composite panels comprising a natural stone slab and a reinforcement bonded to the natural stone slab, and composite slabs produced by the processes |
WO2013050627A1 (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2013-04-11 | Leva Candela Jose Juan | Self-adhesive natural-stone panel and method for the production thereof |
WO2014005180A1 (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2014-01-09 | Lode Enterprises Pty Ltd | A stone worktop system, a composite stone board, and a method of manufacturing a composite stone board |
CN103504839B (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2016-03-09 | 厦门鹭安顶品家居有限公司 | Enhancement mode kitchen cabinet countertop |
CN104760145B (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2017-04-05 | 江西赛维Ldk太阳能高科技有限公司 | A kind of adhering method of crystal bar |
CN105822008A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-03 | 南京旭华圣洛迪新型建材有限公司 | High-strength building wallboard |
IT202200011207A1 (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-11-27 | Modulnova S R L | FURNISHING COMPONENT AND RELATED MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3709224A1 (en) * | 1987-03-20 | 1988-10-06 | Herbert Kozuschnik | Natural-stone-panel element |
AT396232B (en) * | 1988-12-07 | 1993-07-26 | Wolfgang Lehner | METHOD FOR COATING FURNITURE, WALLS AND FLOORS WITH THIN NATURAL OR ARTIFICIAL LAYER LAYERS |
ES2123025T3 (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1999-01-01 | Marcello Toncelli | ASSEMBLED PRODUCT CONSISTING OF A NATURAL STONE SLAB OR CONGLOMERATED MATERIAL. |
CH690065A5 (en) * | 1994-09-14 | 2000-04-14 | Willy Rothen | Method of retaining parts for machining by freezing using a liquefied gas |
-
2002
- 2002-02-08 EP EP02717944A patent/EP1409809B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-08 DE DE50204958T patent/DE50204958D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-02-08 WO PCT/DE2002/000462 patent/WO2002064903A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-02-08 AU AU2002249069A patent/AU2002249069A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-02-08 DE DE10290520T patent/DE10290520D2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-02-08 AT AT02717944T patent/ATE310134T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO02064903A3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE310134T1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
DE10290520D2 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
WO2002064903A2 (en) | 2002-08-22 |
EP1409809B1 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
DE50204958D1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
AU2002249069A1 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
WO2002064903A3 (en) | 2002-10-10 |
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