EP1409809B1 - Natural stone plate and method for the production thereof - Google Patents

Natural stone plate and method for the production thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1409809B1
EP1409809B1 EP02717944A EP02717944A EP1409809B1 EP 1409809 B1 EP1409809 B1 EP 1409809B1 EP 02717944 A EP02717944 A EP 02717944A EP 02717944 A EP02717944 A EP 02717944A EP 1409809 B1 EP1409809 B1 EP 1409809B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
natural stone
slab
layer
adhesive layer
stone plate
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EP02717944A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1409809A2 (en
Inventor
Peter Kellner
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE2002101722 external-priority patent/DE10201722A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/144—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of marble or other natural stone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/005—Cutting sheet laminae in planes between faces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
    • B28D7/04—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups for supporting or holding work or conveying or discharging work
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a natural stone composite panel with a natural stone slab, a lightweight material layer and with additional elements to increase strength, as well as a method for Production of a natural stone composite panel.
  • the natural stone composite panel according to the invention is for use as a worktop in high-quality kitchens suitable.
  • U1 is a worktop with a cover layer of natural or Artificial stone and a carrier layer of a lighter material described at the natural stone slab is connected to a carrier layer of calcium silicate.
  • Disadvantages are the low strength of the worktop; in particular the bending tensile load capacity low. The from the low bending tensile load capacity resulting risk of breakage is in areas with weakened cross-sections - such as next to recesses and protruding wheels - especially high.
  • a plate-shaped semifinished product a method for Production of a plate-shaped semifinished product and a trough-shaped object known.
  • the at least a natural stone layer with at least a first and a second side wherein the natural stone layer is connected to a polyurethane molding is, the polyurethane molding is by at least two superimposed lying layers are formed, which removed from the natural stone layer lying layer has a higher strength than the at least one other Layer.
  • the at least one more layer should be the lever arm the internal forces, namely the compressive force in the plane of the natural stone plate and the tensile force in the plane away from the natural stone layer layer with higher strength, increase to increase the recordable moment.
  • this plate-shaped semi-finished is disadvantageous that the bending tensile strength of the entire semi-finished product - which is greater than the flexural strength of the natural stone layer is - by the shear strength of at least one further layer, is limited so that in areas with weakened cross sections - such as Example next to recesses for rinsing - danger of breakage exists.
  • the invention is based on the object, a natural stone slab arrangement and to provide a method of making it, which allows the natural stone slab to perform with a small thickness and still a sufficiently high Biegezugfesttechnik has machined and transported in larger dimensions to be able to.
  • the object is achieved with an arrangement which corresponds to the in Claim 1 features, and with a method which having the features specified in claim 7, solved.
  • the invention has a number of advantages. By arranging a reinforcement with high tensile strength and a very high modulus of elasticity compared to the natural stone slab, a high bending tensile strength is achieved even when using a thin natural stone slab, even without a shear-resistant lower layer.
  • the stiffening allows aesthetically effective design elements to be incorporated into thin natural stone slabs with thicknesses of less than 12 mm.
  • the inventive method for producing thin natural stone slabs is particularly advantageous that by the freezing of a fastening device on flat elements regardless of the roughness and nature of the Surface of the flat elements a secure and virtually noiseless fixing is possible, whereby neither affects the surface texture bending moments are introduced into the planar elements.
  • This makes it possible, in particular, very thin natural stone slabs of natural stone blocks or separate from thicker natural stone slabs.
  • water as a medium for freezing the fastening device the process of the invention can be environmentally friendly without use be carried out by pollutants. It can with this method both Slabs with uneven surface as well as polished surfaces can be processed.
  • a natural stone plate 1 which has a small thickness, by means of a first adhesive layer 2, which is formed as a high-strength Epoxidharzkleb harsh, a carbon fiber reinforcement layer 3 attached. Both the strength and the modulus of elasticity of the reinforcement layer 3 are significantly greater than the strength and the modulus of elasticity of the natural stone slab 1.
  • the reinforcement layer 3 is arranged within a plane, so that due to a moment load of the composite plate no deflection normal to the plane of the reinforcement layer 3 occur. Slight unevenness of the underside of the natural stone slab is compensated by the first adhesive layer 2; In this case, the thickness of the adhesive layer 2 is slightly larger than the depth of the unevenness to be compensated.
  • a light-weight layer 5 made of extruded and hydrophobized polystyrene is glued by means of a second adhesive layer 4, which serves to increase the overall thickness of the composite panel without substantial increase in weight.
  • the total thickness of the composite panel is so large that it can be used as a kitchen worktop A.
  • Figure 2 shows the bottom view of a kitchen worktop A with a first portion B and a second portion C, which are to be sawed out later for installation of two sinks .
  • the structure of the kitchen worktop A outside the sections B, C is shown in Figure 1, wherein the Thicknesses of the natural stone plate 1 and the lightweight material layer 5 are constant. Since the first portion B is to be sawn later for the installation of two sinks, the first adhesive layer 2, immediately thereafter the second adhesive layer 4 and then the lightweight material layer 5 are arranged in this portion B on the underside of the natural stone slab 1; the reinforcement layer 3 was not arranged in this sub-area 3.
  • the thickness of the second adhesive layer 4 in subregion B is as large as the sum of the thicknesses of reinforcing layer 3 and second adhesive layer 4 in the general region of the worktop A outside the subregions B and C.
  • subarea C which is also to be sawn later for the installation of a sink, both the arrangement of the armor layer 3 and the arrangement of the first adhesive layer 2 was omitted;
  • the height compensation to ensure a constant total thickness of the natural stone composite plate is characterized in that the thickness of the second adhesive layer 4, with which the lightweight material layer 5 is bonded directly to the natural stone slab 1, is as large as the sum of the thicknesses of the first adhesive layer 2, the reinforcement layer 3 and second adhesive layer 4 in the general area of the worktop A outside the sections B and C is.
  • the waiver of the reinforcing layer 3 in the later toracsägenden sections B and C serves both to reduce the manufacturing cost of the countertop A and the reduction of effort when sawing the countertop A. It is also possible, however, not shown in the figures, to arrange the reinforcement layer 3 only in harnessbeabspruchten areas, in particular strip-shaped in edge regions of the worktop.
  • Figures 3 and 4 illustrate an example in which the composite panel is designed in the form of modular components that can be assembled in various forms. This can be used to advantage in the individual design of kitchen countertops. It can thus join together worktops having openings for a sink, a hob and the like, without the difficult to produce in stone slabs recesses must be incorporated. This also greatly reduces the risk of breakage during transport of such plates.
  • Figure 3 shows the top view of two formed in different dimensions as a module component natural stone slabs and a vertical section through such a plate.
  • the plates are rectangular in shape and provided at the front and rear with a side stone plate 1.1. It is also possible to install 1.1 plastic edges instead of natural stone slabs.
  • a protective layer 7 is attached at the bottom of the lightweight material layer 5.
  • the plates are made with a total thickness of 40 mm in the usual kitchen widths of 600 mm.
  • the flagstone has a thickness of 10 mm.
  • At a distance of 25 mm from the rear and front outer edge grooves of 5 mm width are attached to the bottom, in the rod-shaped fasteners can be inserted.
  • the connecting elements ensure the required defined position between adjacent plates or other adjacent module components, for example between plates and the web elements shown in Figure 4.
  • the web elements have the same design up to the width as the plates. They are also provided with lateral natural stone slabs 1.1 and a groove 6.1.
  • a preferred embodiment provides to install two parallel grooves 6.1, in which a U-shaped rail for fixing adjacent module components can be introduced. Further, it is particularly useful for larger plate dimensions to incorporate slots from below, are inserted into the rails with a fast-curing adhesive, so that during the curing of the adhesive layers 2 and 3, a flat concern of the lightweight material layer 5 is secured.
  • a groove 6.2 is incorporated into the natural stone plate on the underside of a thin natural stone slab 1.
  • the natural stone plate 1 is designed as a thin plate with a thickness of 6 to 20 mm, preferably thicknesses of 12 mm are used.
  • a carbon fiber existing strip-shaped stiffening element 8 is fixed by means of a high-strength epoxy resin adhesive layer. Both the strength and the modulus of elasticity of the stiffening element 8 are significantly greater than the strength and the modulus of elasticity of the natural stone slab 1.
  • stiffening elements 8 strips of metal, glass fiber or other suitable materials can be used in addition to the preferred carbon fiber strips.
  • the plates Due to the connection between the pressure-resistant natural stone plate 1 and arranged in the groove 6.2 tensile stiffening element 8 a high bending tensile strength of the worktop is ensured despite low material thickness. This allows both easier processing and calibration of the stone slabs are made possible.
  • the plates are processed from 30 mm thick starting material to the desired thickness of 12 mm or even lower thicknesses. The plates do not require separate substructures to accommodate the processing forces. But it is of course possible to install such substructures. Due to the high modulus of elasticity of the stiffening elements 8 is also on natural stone slabs of small thickness, the moment loads are exposed, only an extremely small deformation, so that a failure of the work surface is also prevented for protruding areas.
  • a lightweight material layer 5 made of plastic is attached to the underside, which in turn is provided on its underside with a plastic layer 9 in the form of a 2 mm thick Resopalplatte.
  • a metal bracket 10 made of stainless steel which fulfills both aesthetic tasks and takes on an additional strength supporting function.
  • the stiffening elements 8 only in highly prone areas, in particular strip-shaped in edge areas of the worktop. It is also expedient, as shown in Figure 6, to adhere to the natural stone slab 1 above and below the stiffening elements 8 additional upper carbon fiber strips 8.1 and lower carbon fiber strips 8.2.
  • the lateral configuration of this embodiment can be seen from the section AA shown in FIG .
  • FIG. 8 shows a section through a kitchen worktop with an additional areal reinforcement 11.
  • upper carbon fiber strips 8.1 are fastened in a groove 6. 2 machined from below into the natural stone slab.
  • Below the reinforcement 11 are still lower carbon fiber strips 8.2.
  • Figure 9 illustrates an arrangement in which the groove 6.2 is incorporated from above into the natural stone slab 1.
  • this groove serving as a stiffening element 8 carbon fiber strip is inserted from above and fastened there.
  • Above the carbon fiber strip is a cover with a potting compound 12th
  • a decorative insert 13 is mounted above the carbon fiber strip. It may preferably be made of stainless steel or a decorative plastic.
  • the groove 6.2 is provided in the upper area with chamfers. The arrangement is designed such that the stiffening element 8 and the decorative insert 13 consisting of an aesthetically effective material do not fill the groove 6.2 up to the upper edge, so that a groove remains, which can be used, for example, as a drainage groove 14 for the water outlet.
  • Figures 11 and 12 show embodiments of natural stone slabs, in which a groove is incorporated on the underside.
  • the stiffening element can be arranged both horizontally and vertically.
  • Figure 13 shows a plan view of a kitchen worktop into which is incorporated an opening 15 under which a base sink can be mounted and into which side drain grooves 14 made in the manner described above discharge.
  • FIG. 14 shows a block-shaped natural stone block 16 which is intended to be cut into thin natural stone slabs in several steps.
  • the first natural stone slab to be cut off from the natural stone block 16 in a planned cutting plane 20 is a sheet-like element 16.1.
  • this flat element 16.1 is fixed on its outer surface to four partial surfaces 16.2; the device for fixing is not shown here.
  • FIG. 15 shows a fixed planar element 16.1 which has been fixed and already cut off by natural stone block 16 (not shown in this figure).
  • two fastening means 18 are arranged, whose the flat element 16.1 facing sides are flat, lie in a plane and consist of a soft material.
  • each means for supplying a liquid or a gel 19 are arranged.
  • the means for supplying the liquid or the gel 19 open into outlets, which are arranged in the flat element 16.1 facing sides of the fasteners 18.
  • cooling means acting on the liquid or the gel 19 are arranged, which serve to the water used as a liquid or gel 19, which was introduced in gaps between the sides of the fastening means 18 and the flat element 16.1 facing the planar element 16.1 to cool to below its freezing point.
  • the substructure 17 is designed to be movable and serves in addition to the fixation of the flat element 16.1 during the cutting of natural stone block 16 and the transport (lifting, turning, tilting and loading) of the sheet element 16.1 after cutting.
  • the fastening device can be immersed in a liquid whose temperature is below the freezing point of the liquid 19 ,. In the simplest case, this can be used undercooled water. It is also possible liquefied gases, such as liquid nitrogen u. Like. To use.
  • FIG. 16 shows how a thin, for example 2 cm thick, natural stone slab 1 is split with a separating disk 22.
  • a material saturated with a liquid material 21 is attached to both sides of the polished natural stone plate 1, which is then cooled so that it firmly adheres to the natural stone plate 1 in the frozen state and results in a stable bond, the separation and transporting the thin Natural stone slabs safely possible. In this way, even already polished plates of larger dimensions can be separated and transported without being exposed to this risk of breakage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
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Abstract

The aim of the invention is to provide a natural stone plate arrangement and to disclose a method for the production thereof, wherein a natural stone plate having only a small amount of thickness can be provided with sufficiently high bending tensile strength, in order to be machined and transported in relatively large dimensions. According to the invention, a flat reinforcing layer having high tensile strength with a very high modulus of elasticity in relation to the natural stone plate is bonded at least in areas of high tensile strain on the lower part of the natural stone plate by means of a first adhesive layer, and a light density material layer is fixed on the lower side of the reinforcing layer by means of a second adhesive layer, wherein a flat element made of natural stone is applied by temporary fixing on a fixing device, wherein at least one fixing device is arranged on at least one side of the flat element and a liquid or gel is applied between the fixing device and the flat element, whereupon the liquid or gel is subsequently cooled to at least the freezing point thereof and an adhesive bond arises between the fixing device and the flat element, whereupon the flat element is subsequently separated and provided with reinforcing elements. The invention relates to a natural stone plate, especially a thin natural stone plate, which is provided with additional elements for increasing the solidity thereof, and also relates to a method for the production thereof.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Natursteinverbundplatte mit einer Natursteinplatte, einer Leichtstoffschicht und mit Zusatzelementen zur Festigkeitserhöhung, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Natursteinverbundplatte.The invention relates to a natural stone composite panel with a natural stone slab, a lightweight material layer and with additional elements to increase strength, as well as a method for Production of a natural stone composite panel.

Die erfindungsgemäße Natursteinverbundplatte ist zur Anwendung als Arbeitsplatte in hochwertigen Küchen geeignet.The natural stone composite panel according to the invention is for use as a worktop in high-quality kitchens suitable.

Der Einsatz von Natursteinplatten für derartige Anwendungen ist bekannt. Bei den bekannten Anordnungen müssen jedoch entweder dickere Platten mit einer Stärke von etwa 3 cm verwendet werden oder vollflächige Unterkonstruktionen an diesen Platten angebracht werden und der Bruchgefahr bei der Bearbeitung und im Einsatz gerecht zu werden. Nachteilig ist dabei sowohl das hohe Gewicht der Platten als auch deren ästhetisch wenig befriedigender Eindruck.The use of natural stone slabs for such applications is known. at However, the known arrangements must either thicker plates with a Thickness of about 3 cm can be used or full-surface substructures attached to these plates and the risk of breakage during processing and to be fair in the field. The disadvantage is both the high weight the plates as well as their aesthetically unsatisfactory impression.

Im Stand der Technik werden für die oben erwähnten Anwendungen so genannte Natursteinverbundplatten eingesetzt. Hierfür sind vielfältige Ausführungsformen bekannt.In the prior art so-called for the applications mentioned above Natural stone composite panels used. For this purpose, various embodiments known.

In DE 297 16 322 U1 ist eine Arbeitsplatte mit einer Deckschicht aus Natur- oder Kunststein und einer Trägerschicht aus einem leichteren Material beschrieben, bei der die Natursteinplatte mit einer Trägerschicht aus Calciumsilikat verbunden ist. Nachteilig sind dabei die geringen Festigkeiten der Arbeitsplatte; insbesondere ist die Biegezugtragfähigkeit gering. Die aus der geringen Biegezugtragfähigkeit resultierende Bruchgefahr ist dabei in Bereichen mit geschwächten Querschnitten - wie zum Beispiel neben Aussparungen und bei überstehenden Rädem - besonders hoch.In DE 297 16 322 U1 is a worktop with a cover layer of natural or Artificial stone and a carrier layer of a lighter material described at the natural stone slab is connected to a carrier layer of calcium silicate. Disadvantages are the low strength of the worktop; in particular the bending tensile load capacity low. The from the low bending tensile load capacity resulting risk of breakage is in areas with weakened cross-sections - such as next to recesses and protruding wheels - especially high.

Nach DE 199 07 309 A1 sind ein plattenförmiges Halbzeug, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines plattenförmigen Halbzeugs sowie ein wannenförmiger Gegenstand bekannt. Bei dem beschriebenen plattenförmigen Halbzeug, das mindestens eine Natursteinschicht mit mindestens einer ersten und einer zweiten Seite aufweist, wobei die Natursteinschicht mit einem Polyurethanformkörper verbunden ist, ist der Polyurethanformkörper durch wenigstens zwei übereinander liegende Schichten gebildet, wobei die von der Natursteinschicht entfernt liegende Schicht eine höhere Festigkeit aufweist als die wenigstens eine weitere Schicht. Offensichtlich soll die mindestens eine weitere Schicht den Hebelarm der inneren Kräfte, nämlich der Druckkraft in der Ebene der Natursteinplatte und die Zugkraft in der Ebene von der Natursteinschicht entfernt liegenden Schicht mit höherer Festigkeit, erhöhen, um das aufnehmbare Moment zu vergrößern.According to DE 199 07 309 A1, a plate-shaped semifinished product, a method for Production of a plate-shaped semifinished product and a trough-shaped object known. In the described plate-shaped semi-finished product, the at least a natural stone layer with at least a first and a second side wherein the natural stone layer is connected to a polyurethane molding is, the polyurethane molding is by at least two superimposed lying layers are formed, which removed from the natural stone layer lying layer has a higher strength than the at least one other Layer. Obviously, the at least one more layer should be the lever arm the internal forces, namely the compressive force in the plane of the natural stone plate and the tensile force in the plane away from the natural stone layer layer with higher strength, increase to increase the recordable moment.

Bei diesem plattenförmigen Halbzeug ist nachteilig, dass die Biegezugfestigkeit des gesamten Halbzeugs - die zwar größer als die Biegezugfestigkeit der Natursteinschicht ist - durch die Schubfestigkeit der wenigstens einen weiteren Schicht, so beschränkt ist, dass in Bereichen mit geschwächten Querschnitten - wie zum Beispiel neben Aussparungen für Spülen - Bruchgefahr besteht.In this plate-shaped semi-finished is disadvantageous that the bending tensile strength of the entire semi-finished product - which is greater than the flexural strength of the natural stone layer is - by the shear strength of at least one further layer, is limited so that in areas with weakened cross sections - such as Example next to recesses for rinsing - danger of breakage exists.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Natursteinplattenanordnung und ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung anzugeben, die es ermöglicht, die Natursteinplatte mit geringer Dicke auszuführen und die trotzdem eine ausreichend hohe Biegezugfestigkeit aufweist, um in größeren Abmessungen bearbeitet und transportiert werden zu können. The invention is based on the object, a natural stone slab arrangement and to provide a method of making it, which allows the natural stone slab to perform with a small thickness and still a sufficiently high Biegezugfestigkeit has machined and transported in larger dimensions to be able to.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit einer Anordnung, welche die in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale enthält, und mit einem Verfahren, welches die in Anspruch 7 angegebenen Merkmale aufweist, gelöst.According to the invention, the object is achieved with an arrangement which corresponds to the in Claim 1 features, and with a method which having the features specified in claim 7, solved.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung weist eine Reihe von Vorteilen auf. Durch die Anordnung einer Bewehrung mit hoher Zugfestigkeit und einem gegenüber der Natursteinplatte sehr hohen Elastizitätsmodul wird auch bei Verzicht auf eine schubsteife Unterschicht eine hohe Biegezugfestigkeit auch bei Verwendung einer dünnen Natursteinplatte erreicht.
Es lassen sich mit der Versteifung ästhetisch wirkungsvolle Gestaltungselemente in dünne Natursteinplatten, die Stärken von weniger als 12 mm aufweisen, einarbeiten.The invention has a number of advantages. By arranging a reinforcement with high tensile strength and a very high modulus of elasticity compared to the natural stone slab, a high bending tensile strength is achieved even when using a thin natural stone slab, even without a shear-resistant lower layer.
The stiffening allows aesthetically effective design elements to be incorporated into thin natural stone slabs with thicknesses of less than 12 mm.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Herstellung dünner Natursteinplatten ist besonders vorteilhaft, dass durch das Festfrieren einer Befestigungseinrichtung an flächigen Elementen unabhängig von der Rauigkeit und der Beschaffenheit der Oberfläche der flächigen Elemente ein sicheres und nahezu geräuschfreies Fixieren ermöglicht wird, wobei weder die Oberflächenbeschaffenheit beeinträchtigt werden, noch Biegemomente in die flächigen Elemente eingeleitet werden. Dadurch wird insbesondere ermöglicht, sehr dünne Natursteinplatten von Natursteinblöcken oder von dickeren Natursteinplatten abzutrennen. Durch die Verwendung von Wasser als Medium zum Festfrieren der Befestigungseinrichtung kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren umweltfreundlich ohne Verwendung von Schadstoffen durchgeführt werden. Es können mit diesem Verfahren sowohl Platten mit unebener Oberfläche als auch polierte Oberflächen bearbeitet werden.In the inventive method for producing thin natural stone slabs is particularly advantageous that by the freezing of a fastening device on flat elements regardless of the roughness and nature of the Surface of the flat elements a secure and virtually noiseless fixing is possible, whereby neither affects the surface texture bending moments are introduced into the planar elements. This makes it possible, in particular, very thin natural stone slabs of natural stone blocks or separate from thicker natural stone slabs. By the Use of water as a medium for freezing the fastening device the process of the invention can be environmentally friendly without use be carried out by pollutants. It can with this method both Slabs with uneven surface as well as polished surfaces can be processed.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Die Beispiele behandelt die Anwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Dünnsteinplatte in einer Küchenarbeitsplatte sowie die Herstellung einer Platte mit einer dünnen Natursteinplattenschicht.The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments explained. The examples deal with the application of an inventive Thin stone plate in a kitchen worktop as well as making a plate with a thin natural stone slab layer.

Dazu zeigen

Figur 1
einen Schnitt durch einen bewehrten Bereich einer erfindungsgemäße Natursteinverbundplatte,
Figur 2
eine Untersicht einer als Küchenarbeitsplatte dienenden Natursteinverbundplatte,
Figur 3
eine als Modul-Bauelement ausgebildete Natursteinverbundplatte in der Draufsicht und im Schnitt,
Figur 4
Verbindungsstege zur äußeren Verbindung von Modulbauelemente
und
Figur 5
eine Natursteinverbundplatte die allseitig mit Steinplatten umgeben ist.
Figur 6
einen Schnitt durch eine Küchenarbeitsplatte mit einer Kohlefaserbewehrung in einer von unten in die Natursteinplatte eingearbeiteten Nut,
Figur 7
die seitliche Ansicht im Schnittverlauf A-A auf die in Figur 1 dargestellte Ausführung,
Figur 8
einen Schnitt durch eine Küchenarbeitsplatte mit einer Kohlefaserbewehrung in einer von unten in die Natursteinplatte eingearbeiteten Nut und zusätzlicher flächenhafter Verstärkung,
Figur 9
einen Schnitt durch eine Ausführung mit von oben in die Natursteinplatte eingearbeiteten Nut,
Figur 10
eine Natursteinplatte mit von oben eingearbeiteter Nut und Ziereinlage,
Figur 11
eine Natursteinplatte mit von unten eingearbeiteter Nut und waagerecht angeordnetem Versteifungselement,
Figur 12
eine Natursteinplatte mit von unten eingearbeiteter Nut und Senkrecht angeordnetem Versteifungselement,
Figur 13
die Draufsicht auf einen Ausschnitt einer in einer Küchenarbeitsplatte mit Unterbauspüle und in die Natursteinplatte eingearbeiteten Ablaufrillen.
Figur 14
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Natursteinblockes mit einer von diesem abzutrennenden dünnen Natursteinplatte,
Figur 15
eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit einer fixierten Natursteinplatte
und
Figur 16
eine Anordnung zum Trennen dünner Platten.
Show this
FIG. 1
a section through a reinforced area of a natural stone composite panel according to the invention,
FIG. 2
a bottom view of serving as a kitchen worktop natural stone composite plate,
FIG. 3
a formed as a module component natural stone composite plate in plan view and in section,
FIG. 4
Connecting webs for external connection of modular components
and
FIG. 5
a natural stone composite panel which is surrounded on all sides with stone slabs.
FIG. 6
a section through a kitchen worktop with a carbon fiber reinforcement in a groove incorporated from below into the natural stone slab,
FIG. 7
the lateral view in section AA on the embodiment shown in Figure 1,
FIG. 8
a section through a kitchen worktop with a carbon fiber reinforcement in an incorporated from below into the stone slab groove and additional areal reinforcement,
FIG. 9
a section through an embodiment with incorporated from above into the natural stone slab groove,
FIG. 10
a natural stone slab with an integrated groove and decorative insert,
FIG. 11
a natural stone slab with groove machined from below and horizontally arranged stiffening element,
FIG. 12
a natural stone slab with groove machined from below and vertically arranged stiffening element,
FIG. 13
the top view of a section of a worked in a kitchen worktop with Unterbauspüle and in the stone slab drainage grooves.
FIG. 14
a perspective view of a natural stone block with a separated from this thin natural stone plate,
FIG. 15
a sectional view through an embodiment of the device according to the invention with a fixed natural stone slab
and
FIG. 16
an arrangement for separating thin plates.

Bei dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Schnitt ist auf der Unterseite einer Natursteinplatte 1, die eine geringe Dicke aufweist, mittels einer ersten Klebschicht 2, die als hochfeste Epoxidharzklebschicht ausgebildet ist, eine aus Kohlefaser bestehende Bewehrungsschicht 3 befestigt. Sowohl die Festigkeit als auch der Elastizitätsmodul der Bewehrungsschicht 3 sind dabei deutlich größer als die Festigkeit und der Elastizitätsmodul der Natursteinplatte 1. Die Bewehrungsschicht 3 ist innerhalb einer Ebene angeordnet, so dass infolge einer Momentenbelastung der Verbundplatte keine Umlenkkräfte normal zur Ebene der Bewehrungsschicht 3 auftreten. Geringfügige Unebenheiten der Unterseite der Natursteinplatte werden durch die erste Klebschicht 2 ausgeglichen; dabei ist die Dicke der Klebschicht 2 geringfügig größer als die Tiefe der auszugleichenden Unebenheiten. Bei positiver Momentenbelastung der Verbundplatte stellen sich in der Ebene der steifen und zugfesten Bewehrungsschicht 3 Zugspannungen und in der Ebene der druckfesten Natursteinplatte 1 Druckspannungen ein, deren resultierende Kräfte im Gleichgewicht stehen. Die Übertragung der Schubspannungen erfolgt mittels der hochfesten und schubsteifen ersten Klebschicht 2 bei vemachlässigbar geringer Schubdeformation. Durch den Verbund zwischen der druckfesten Natursteinplatte 1 und der zugfesten Bewehrungsschicht 3 wird eine hohe Biegezugfestigkeit der Verbundplatte sichergestellt. Durch den hohen Elastizitätsmodul der Bewehrungsschicht 3 stellt sich auch bei geringer Dicke der Bewehrungsschicht 3 und der Natursteinplatte 1 bei Momentenbelastung der Verbundplatte eine äußerst geringe Deformation ein, so dass ein Versagensbruch der Verbundplatte nur bei extrem hohen Belastungen zu erwarten ist. An der Unterseite der Bewehrungsschicht 3 ist mittels einer zweiten Klebeschicht 4 eine aus extrudiertem und hydrdophobiertem Polystyrol hergestellte Leichtstoffschicht 5 verklebt, die der Vergrößerung der Gesamtdicke der Verbundplatte ohne wesentliche Gewichtserhöhung dient. Die Gesamtdicke der Verbundplatte ist dabei so groß, dass diese als eine Küchenarbeitsplatte A verwendet werden kann.
Figur 2 zeigt die Untersicht einer Küchenarbeitsplatte A mit einem ersten Teilbereich B und einem zweiten Teilbereich C, die später zum Einbau von zwei Spülen ausgesägt werden sollen.. Der Aufbau der Küchenarbeitsplatte A außerhalb der Teilbereiche B, C ist in Figur 1 dargestellt, wobei die Dicken der Natursteinplatte 1 und der Leichtstoffschicht 5 konstant sind. Da der erste Teilbereich B zum Einbau von zwei Spülen später ausgesägt werden soll, sind in diesem Teilbereich B auf der Unterseite der Natursteinplatte 1 die erste Klebschicht 2, unmittelbar darauf die zweite Klebschicht 4 und darauf die Leichtstoffschicht 5 angeordnet; die Bewehrungsschicht 3 wurde in diesem Teilbereich 3 nicht angeordnet. Die Dicke der zweiten Klebstoffschicht 4 ist im Teilbereich B so groß wie die Summe der Dicken aus Bewehrungsschicht 3 und zweiter Klebschicht 4 im allgemeinen Bereich der Arbeitsplatte A außerhalb der Teilbereiche B und C.
Im Teilbereich C, der ebenfalls später zum Einbau einer Spüle ausgesägt werden soll, wurde sowohl auf die Anordnung der Bewehrungsschicht 3 als auch auf die Anordnung der ersten Klebschicht 2 verzichtet; hier erfolgt der Höhenausgleich zur Gewährleistung einer konstanten Gesamtdicke der Natursteinverbundplatte dadurch, dass die Dicke der zweiten Klebschicht 4, mit der die Leichtstoffschicht 5 unmittelbar mit der Natursteinplatte 1 verklebt ist, so groß ist wie die Summe der Dicken aus erster Klebschicht 2, Bewehrungsschicht 3 und zweiter Klebschicht 4 im allgemeinen Bereich der Arbeitsplatte A außerhalb der Teilbereiche B und C ist.
Der Verzicht auf die Bewehrungsschicht 3 in den später ohnehin auszusägenden Teilbereichen B und C dient sowohl der Reduzierung des Herstellungsaufwandes der Arbeitsplatte A als auch der Reduzierung des Aufwandes beim Sägen der Arbeitsplatte A.
Es ist auch möglich, in den Figuren jedoch nicht dargestellt, die Bewehrungsschicht 3 lediglich in hochbeabspruchten Bereichen, insbesondere streifenförmig in Randbereichen der Arbeitsplatte, anzuordnen.In the section shown in Figure 1 is on the underside of a natural stone plate 1, which has a small thickness, by means of a first adhesive layer 2, which is formed as a high-strength Epoxidharzklebschicht, a carbon fiber reinforcement layer 3 attached. Both the strength and the modulus of elasticity of the reinforcement layer 3 are significantly greater than the strength and the modulus of elasticity of the natural stone slab 1. The reinforcement layer 3 is arranged within a plane, so that due to a moment load of the composite plate no deflection normal to the plane of the reinforcement layer 3 occur. Slight unevenness of the underside of the natural stone slab is compensated by the first adhesive layer 2; In this case, the thickness of the adhesive layer 2 is slightly larger than the depth of the unevenness to be compensated. With a positive moment loading of the composite panel, 3 tensile stresses are created in the plane of the rigid and tension-resistant reinforcement layer, and compressive stresses in the plane of the pressure-resistant natural stone slab 1, whose resulting forces are in equilibrium. The shear stresses are transmitted by means of the high-strength and shear-resistant first adhesive layer 2 with negligible shear deformation. By the bond between the pressure-resistant natural stone plate 1 and the tensile reinforcement layer 3, a high bending tensile strength of the composite plate is ensured. Due to the high modulus of elasticity of the reinforcing layer 3, even with a small thickness of the reinforcing layer 3 and the natural stone slab 1 at moment loading of the composite plate an extremely small deformation, so that failure of the composite panel is expected only at extremely high loads. On the underside of the reinforcement layer 3, a light-weight layer 5 made of extruded and hydrophobized polystyrene is glued by means of a second adhesive layer 4, which serves to increase the overall thickness of the composite panel without substantial increase in weight. The total thickness of the composite panel is so large that it can be used as a kitchen worktop A.
Figure 2 shows the bottom view of a kitchen worktop A with a first portion B and a second portion C, which are to be sawed out later for installation of two sinks .. The structure of the kitchen worktop A outside the sections B, C is shown in Figure 1, wherein the Thicknesses of the natural stone plate 1 and the lightweight material layer 5 are constant. Since the first portion B is to be sawn later for the installation of two sinks, the first adhesive layer 2, immediately thereafter the second adhesive layer 4 and then the lightweight material layer 5 are arranged in this portion B on the underside of the natural stone slab 1; the reinforcement layer 3 was not arranged in this sub-area 3. The thickness of the second adhesive layer 4 in subregion B is as large as the sum of the thicknesses of reinforcing layer 3 and second adhesive layer 4 in the general region of the worktop A outside the subregions B and C.
In subarea C, which is also to be sawn later for the installation of a sink, both the arrangement of the armor layer 3 and the arrangement of the first adhesive layer 2 was omitted; Here, the height compensation to ensure a constant total thickness of the natural stone composite plate is characterized in that the thickness of the second adhesive layer 4, with which the lightweight material layer 5 is bonded directly to the natural stone slab 1, is as large as the sum of the thicknesses of the first adhesive layer 2, the reinforcement layer 3 and second adhesive layer 4 in the general area of the worktop A outside the sections B and C is.
The waiver of the reinforcing layer 3 in the later to auszusägenden sections B and C serves both to reduce the manufacturing cost of the countertop A and the reduction of effort when sawing the countertop A.
It is also possible, however, not shown in the figures, to arrange the reinforcement layer 3 only in hochbeabspruchten areas, in particular strip-shaped in edge regions of the worktop.

Die Figuren 3 und 4 erläutern ein Beispiel, bei dem die Verbundplatte in Form von Modul-Bauelementen gestaltet ist, die in verschiedenen Formen zusammengesetzt werden können. Dies kann vorteilhaft bei der individuellen Gestaltung von Küchenarbeitsplatten verwendet werden. Es lassen sich damit Arbeitsplatten zusammenfügen, die Öffnungen für eine Spüle, ein Kochfeld und dergleichen aufweisen, ohne dass die in Steinplatten schwierig herstellbaren Ausnehmungen eingearbeitet werden müssen. Dadurch wird außerdem die Bruchgefahr beim Transport derartiger Platten stark gemindert. Figures 3 and 4 illustrate an example in which the composite panel is designed in the form of modular components that can be assembled in various forms. This can be used to advantage in the individual design of kitchen countertops. It can thus join together worktops having openings for a sink, a hob and the like, without the difficult to produce in stone slabs recesses must be incorporated. This also greatly reduces the risk of breakage during transport of such plates.

Figur 3 zeigt die Draufsicht auf zwei in verschiedenen Abmessungen als Modul-Bauelement ausgebildete Natursteinplatten sowie einen senkrechten Schnitt durch eine derartige Platte. Die Platten sich rechteckförmig ausgebildet und an der Vorder- und Hinterseite mit einer seitliche Natursteinplatte 1.1 versehen. Es ist ebenfalls möglich, anstelle der Natursteinplatten 1.1 Kunststoffkanten anzubringen. An der Unterseite der Leichtstoffschicht 5 ist eine Schutzschicht 7 angebracht. Vorteilhaft werden die Platten mit einer Gesamtstärke von 40 mm in den für Küchen üblichen Breiten von 600 mm hergestellt. Die Steinplatte weist hierbei eine Stärke von 10 mm auf. Im Abstand von 25 mm vom hinteren und vorderen äußeren Rand sind an der Unterseite Nuten von 5 mm Breite angebracht, in die stabförmige Verbindungselemente eingesteckt werden können. Die Verbindungselemente sichern die erforderliche definierte Lage zwischen benachbarten Platten oder anderen benachbarten Modul-Bauelementen, zum Beispiel zwischen Platten und den in Figur 4 dargestellten Stegelementen. Die Stegelemente weisen bis auf die Breite die gleiche Gestaltung auf wie die Platten. Sie sind ebenfalls mit seitlichen Natursteinplatten 1.1 und einer Nut 6.1 versehen. Eine bevorzugte Ausführung sieht vor, zwei parallele Nuten 6.1 anzubringen, in die eine u-förmige Schiene zur Fixierung benachbarter Modul-Bauelemente eingebracht werden kann. Ferner ist es insbesondere bei größeren Plattenabmessungen zweckmäßig, von unten Schlitze einzuarbeiten, in die Schienen mit einen schnellhärtenden Kleber eingelegt werden, so dass während des Aushärtens der Klebeschichten 2 und 3, ein planes Anliegen der Leichtstoffschicht 5 gesichert wird.
Es ist weiterhin möglich, die Natursteinverbundplatte allseitig mit Steinplatten zu umgeben, wie dies in Figur 5 dargestellt ist. Hier sind an allen sechs Außenflächen der quaderförmige Leichtstoffschicht 5 Steinplatten angebracht.Figure 3 shows the top view of two formed in different dimensions as a module component natural stone slabs and a vertical section through such a plate. The plates are rectangular in shape and provided at the front and rear with a side stone plate 1.1. It is also possible to install 1.1 plastic edges instead of natural stone slabs. At the bottom of the lightweight material layer 5, a protective layer 7 is attached. Advantageously, the plates are made with a total thickness of 40 mm in the usual kitchen widths of 600 mm. The flagstone has a thickness of 10 mm. At a distance of 25 mm from the rear and front outer edge grooves of 5 mm width are attached to the bottom, in the rod-shaped fasteners can be inserted. The connecting elements ensure the required defined position between adjacent plates or other adjacent module components, for example between plates and the web elements shown in Figure 4. The web elements have the same design up to the width as the plates. They are also provided with lateral natural stone slabs 1.1 and a groove 6.1. A preferred embodiment provides to install two parallel grooves 6.1, in which a U-shaped rail for fixing adjacent module components can be introduced. Further, it is particularly useful for larger plate dimensions to incorporate slots from below, are inserted into the rails with a fast-curing adhesive, so that during the curing of the adhesive layers 2 and 3, a flat concern of the lightweight material layer 5 is secured.
It is also possible to surround the natural stone composite plate on all sides with stone slabs, as shown in Figure 5 . Here, 5 stone slabs are attached to all six outer surfaces of the cuboid lightweight layer.

Bei der in Figur 6 im Schnitt gezeigten Ausführung ist auf der Unterseite einer dünnen Natursteinplatte 1 eine Nut 6.2 in die Natursteinplatte eingearbeitet. Die Natursteinplatte 1 ist als dünne Platte mit einer Dicke von 6 bis 20 mm ausgeführt, bevorzugt werden Dicken von 12 mm verwendet. In die Natursteinplattennut 6.2 ist mittels einer hochfesten Epoxidharzklebeschicht ein aus Kohlefaser bestehendes streifenförmiges Versteifungselement 8 befestigt. Sowohl die Festigkeit als auch der Elastizitätsmodul des Versteifungselements 8 sind dabei deutlich größer als die Festigkeit und der Elastizitätsmodul der Natursteinplatte 1. Als Versteifungselemente 8 können neben den bevorzugten Kohlefaserstreifen auch Streifen aus Metall, Glasfaser oder anderen geeigneten Materialien verwendet werden.
Durch die Verbindung zwischen der druckfesten Natursteinplatte 1 und dem in der Nut 6.2 angeordneten zugfesten Versteifungselement 8 wird eine hohe Biegezugfestigkeit der Arbeitsplatte trotz geringer Materialdicke sichergestellt. Dadurch kann sowohl eine erleichterte Bearbeitung als auch ein Kalibrieren der Steinplatten ermöglicht werden. Üblicherweise werden die Platten aus 30 mm starkem Ausgangsmaterial auf die gewünschte Dicke von 12 mm oder auch noch geringere Dicken abgearbeitet. Die Platten benötigen dabei keine gesonderten Unterbauten zur Aufnahme der Bearbeitungskräfte. Es ist aber natürlich möglich solche Unterbauten anzubringen. Durch den hohen Elastizitätsmodul der Versteifungselemente 8 stellt sich auch an Natursteinplatten geringer Dicke, die Momentenbelastungen ausgesetzt sind, nur eine äußerst geringe Deformation ein, so dass ein Versagensbruch der Arbeitsplatte auch für überstehende Bereiche verhindert wird. Bei der in Figur 6 dargestellten Anordnung ist an der Unterseite eine Leichtstoffschicht 5 aus Kunststoff angebracht, die wiederum an ihrer Unterseite mit einer Kunststoffschicht 9 in Form einer 2 mm starken Resopalplatte versehen ist. Am überstehenden Bereich der Natursteinplatte 1 befindet sich an der Plattenunterseite ein Metallwinkel 10 aus Edelstahl, der sowohl ästhetische Aufgaben erfüllt als auch eine zusätzliche Festigkeitsunterstützende Funktion übernimmt.
Es ist auch möglich, die Versteifungselemente 8 lediglich in hochbeabspruchten Bereichen, insbesondere streifenförmig in Randbereichen der Arbeitsplatte, anzuordnen. Es ist ferner zweckmäßig, wie dies in Figur 6 dargestellt ist, an der Natursteinplatte 1 oberhalb und unterhalb der Versteifungselemente 8 zusätzliche obere Kohlefaserstreifen 8.1 und untere Kohlefaserstreifen 8.2 anzukleben.In the embodiment shown in section in section 6, a groove 6.2 is incorporated into the natural stone plate on the underside of a thin natural stone slab 1. The natural stone plate 1 is designed as a thin plate with a thickness of 6 to 20 mm, preferably thicknesses of 12 mm are used. In the Natursteinplattennut 6.2 a carbon fiber existing strip-shaped stiffening element 8 is fixed by means of a high-strength epoxy resin adhesive layer. Both the strength and the modulus of elasticity of the stiffening element 8 are significantly greater than the strength and the modulus of elasticity of the natural stone slab 1. As stiffening elements 8, strips of metal, glass fiber or other suitable materials can be used in addition to the preferred carbon fiber strips.
Due to the connection between the pressure-resistant natural stone plate 1 and arranged in the groove 6.2 tensile stiffening element 8 a high bending tensile strength of the worktop is ensured despite low material thickness. This allows both easier processing and calibration of the stone slabs are made possible. Usually, the plates are processed from 30 mm thick starting material to the desired thickness of 12 mm or even lower thicknesses. The plates do not require separate substructures to accommodate the processing forces. But it is of course possible to install such substructures. Due to the high modulus of elasticity of the stiffening elements 8 is also on natural stone slabs of small thickness, the moment loads are exposed, only an extremely small deformation, so that a failure of the work surface is also prevented for protruding areas. In the arrangement shown in Figure 6, a lightweight material layer 5 made of plastic is attached to the underside, which in turn is provided on its underside with a plastic layer 9 in the form of a 2 mm thick Resopalplatte. At the projecting area of the natural stone slab 1 is located on the underside of the plate, a metal bracket 10 made of stainless steel, which fulfills both aesthetic tasks and takes on an additional strength supporting function.
It is also possible to arrange the stiffening elements 8 only in highly prone areas, in particular strip-shaped in edge areas of the worktop. It is also expedient, as shown in Figure 6, to adhere to the natural stone slab 1 above and below the stiffening elements 8 additional upper carbon fiber strips 8.1 and lower carbon fiber strips 8.2.

Die seitliche Gestaltung dieser Ausführungsform ist aus dem in Figur 7 dargestellten Schnitt A-A ersichtlich. The lateral configuration of this embodiment can be seen from the section AA shown in FIG .

Figur 8 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Küchenarbeitsplatte mit einer zusätzlichen flächenhafte Verstärkung 11. Dabei sind in einer von unten in die Natursteinplatte eingearbeiteten Nut 6.2 obere Kohlefaserstreifen 8.1 befestigt. Unterhalb der Verstärkung 11 befinden sich noch untere Kohlefaserstreifen 8.2. FIG. 8 shows a section through a kitchen worktop with an additional areal reinforcement 11. In this case, upper carbon fiber strips 8.1 are fastened in a groove 6. 2 machined from below into the natural stone slab. Below the reinforcement 11 are still lower carbon fiber strips 8.2.

Figur 9 erläutert eine Anordnung, bei der die Nut 6.2 von oben in die Natursteinplatte 1 eingearbeitet ist. In dieser Nut ist der als Versteifungselement 8 dienende Kohlefaserstreifen von oben eingefügt und dort befestigt. Oberhalb des Kohlefaserstreifens befindet sich eine Abdeckung mit einer Vergussmasse 12. Figure 9 illustrates an arrangement in which the groove 6.2 is incorporated from above into the natural stone slab 1. In this groove serving as a stiffening element 8 carbon fiber strip is inserted from above and fastened there. Above the carbon fiber strip is a cover with a potting compound 12th

Bei der in Figur 10 gezeigten Ausführungsform ist oberhalb des Kohlefaserstreifens eine Ziereinlage 13 angebracht. Sie kann vorzugsweise aus Edelstahl oder einem dekorativen Kunststoff bestehen. Die Nut 6.2 ist im oberen Bereich mit Fasen versehen. Die Anordnung ist so gestaltet, dass das Versteifungselement 8 und die aus einem ästhetisch wirksamen Material bestehende Ziereinlage 13 die Nut 6.2 nicht bis zum oberen Rand ausfüllen, so dass eine Rille verbleibt, die beispielsweise als Ablaufrille 14 für den Wasserablauf genutzt werden kann.In the embodiment shown in Figure 10 , a decorative insert 13 is mounted above the carbon fiber strip. It may preferably be made of stainless steel or a decorative plastic. The groove 6.2 is provided in the upper area with chamfers. The arrangement is designed such that the stiffening element 8 and the decorative insert 13 consisting of an aesthetically effective material do not fill the groove 6.2 up to the upper edge, so that a groove remains, which can be used, for example, as a drainage groove 14 for the water outlet.

Die Figuren 11 und 12 zeigen Ausführungsformen von Natursteinplatten, bei denen auf der Unterseite eine Nut eingearbeitet ist. Das Versteifungselement kann dabei sowohl waagerecht als auch senkrecht angeordnet sein. Figures 11 and 12 show embodiments of natural stone slabs, in which a groove is incorporated on the underside. The stiffening element can be arranged both horizontally and vertically.

Figur 13 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf ein Küchenarbeitsplatte, in die eine Öffnung 15 eingearbeitet ist, unter der eine Unterbauspüle angebracht werden kann, und in die seitliche Ablaufrillen 14, welche in der oben beschriebenen Weise ausgeführt sind, einmünden. Figure 13 shows a plan view of a kitchen worktop into which is incorporated an opening 15 under which a base sink can be mounted and into which side drain grooves 14 made in the manner described above discharge.

Figur 14 stellt einen quaderförmigen Natursteinblock 16 dar, der in mehreren Schritten dünne Natursteinplatten geschnitten werden soll. Die erste vom Natursteinblock 16 in einer geplanten Schnittebene 20 abzuschneidende dünne Natursteinplatte ist ein flächiges Element 16.1. Vor dem Abschneiden der dünnen Natursteinplatte, also des flächigen Elementes 16.1, wird dieses flächige Element 16.1 an seiner Außenfläche an vier Teilflächen 16.2 fixiert; die Einrichtung zum Fixieren ist hier nicht dargestellt. FIG. 14 shows a block-shaped natural stone block 16 which is intended to be cut into thin natural stone slabs in several steps. The first natural stone slab to be cut off from the natural stone block 16 in a planned cutting plane 20 is a sheet-like element 16.1. Before cutting off the thin natural stone slab, that is the flat element 16.1, this flat element 16.1 is fixed on its outer surface to four partial surfaces 16.2; the device for fixing is not shown here.

Figur 15 zeigt ein fixiertes und bereits vom - in dieser Figur nicht dargestellten - Natursteinblock 16 abgeschnittenes flächiges Element 16.1. An einer Unterkonstruktion 17 sind zwei Befestigungseinrichtungen 18 angeordnet, deren dem flächigen Element 16.1 zugewandten Seiten eben ausgebildet sind, in einer Ebene liegen und aus einem weichen Material bestehen. In den Befestigungseinrichtungen 18 sind jeweils Einrichtungen zur Zuführung einer Flüssigkeit oder eines Gels 19 angeordnet. Als Flüssigkeit oder Gel 19 wird im Ausführungsbeispiel Wasser verwendet. Die Einrichtungen zur Zuführung der Flüssigkeit oder des Gels 19 münden in Austritte, die in den dem flächigen Element 16.1 zugewandten Seiten der Befestigungseinrichtungen 18 angeordnet sind. In den Befestigungseinrichtungen 18 sind auf die Flüssigkeit oder das Gel 19 einwirkende Kühleinrichtung angeordnet, die dazu dienen, das als Flüssigkeit oder Gel 19 genutzte Wasser, welches in Spalte zwischen den dem flächigen Element 16.1 zugewandten Seiten der Befestigungseinrichtungen 18 und dem flächigen Element 16.1 eingebracht wurde, bis unter seinen Gefrierpunkt abzukühlen. Durch dieses Abkühlen des als Flüssigkeit oder Gel 19 genutzten Wassers gefriert dieses zu Eis, so dass durch Festfrieren ein Haftverbund zwischen dem flächigen Element 16.1 und den Befestigungseinrichtungen 18 entsteht. Die Unterkonstruktion 17 ist beweglich ausgebildet und dient neben der Fixierung des flächigen Elementes 16.1 während des Abschneidens vom Natursteinblock 16 auch dem Transport (Heben, Drehen, Kippen und Verladen) des flächigen Elementes 16.1 nach dem Abschneiden. Zum schnellen Schmelzen des als Flüssigkeit oder Gel 19 genutzten und während der Fixierung gefrorenen Wassers zur Lösung der Fixierung des flächigen Elementes 16.1 an den Befestigungseinrichtungen 18 nach Abschluss des Abschneidens der dünnen Natursteinplatte und/oder nach deren Transport sind in den Befestigungseinrichtungen 18 Heizeinrichtungen angeordnet. Während der Bearbeitung kann die Befestigungseinrichtung in eine Flüssigkeit getaucht werden, deren Temperatur unterhalb des Gefrierpunktes der Flüssigkeit 19, liegt. Im einfachsten Fall kann hierzu unterkühltes Wasser benutz werden. Es ist auch möglich, Flüssiggase, wie flüssigen Stickstoff u. dgl. zu verwenden. FIG. 15 shows a fixed planar element 16.1 which has been fixed and already cut off by natural stone block 16 (not shown in this figure). On a substructure 17, two fastening means 18 are arranged, whose the flat element 16.1 facing sides are flat, lie in a plane and consist of a soft material. In the fastening means 18 each means for supplying a liquid or a gel 19 are arranged. As liquid or gel 19 water is used in the embodiment. The means for supplying the liquid or the gel 19 open into outlets, which are arranged in the flat element 16.1 facing sides of the fasteners 18. In the fastening means 18 cooling means acting on the liquid or the gel 19 are arranged, which serve to the water used as a liquid or gel 19, which was introduced in gaps between the sides of the fastening means 18 and the flat element 16.1 facing the planar element 16.1 to cool to below its freezing point. As a result of this cooling of the water used as liquid or gel 19, it freezes to ice, so that an adhesive bond between the flat element 16. 1 and the fastening devices 18 is created by freezing. The substructure 17 is designed to be movable and serves in addition to the fixation of the flat element 16.1 during the cutting of natural stone block 16 and the transport (lifting, turning, tilting and loading) of the sheet element 16.1 after cutting. For rapid melting of the used as liquid or gel 19 and frozen during fixation water to solve the fixation of the sheet element 16.1 to the fasteners 18 after completion of cutting the thin natural stone slab and / or after their transport 18 heaters are arranged in the fasteners. During processing, the fastening device can be immersed in a liquid whose temperature is below the freezing point of the liquid 19 ,. In the simplest case, this can be used undercooled water. It is also possible liquefied gases, such as liquid nitrogen u. Like. To use.

Ferner ist möglich, nur eine - ggf. großflächige - Befestigungseinrichtung 18 anzuordnen oder die Einrichtung zur Zuführung der Flüssigkeit oder des Gels 19 lediglich mit der Befestigungseinrichtung 18 zu koppeln, ohne diese in die Befestigungseinrichtung 18 zu integrieren.It is also possible, only one - possibly large-scale - attachment device 18th to arrange or the means for supplying the liquid or the gel 19th only to couple with the fastening device 18, without this in the Fastening device 18 to integrate.

In Figur 16 ist dargestellt, wie eine dünne, beispielsweise 2 cm dicke Natursteinplatte 1 mit einer Trennscheibe 22 gespaltet wird. Hierzu wird an beiden bereits polierten Seiten der Natursteinplatte 1 vollflächig ein mit einer Flüssigkeit getränktes Material 21 angebracht, das anschließend gekühlt wird, so dass es im gefrorenem Zustand fest an der Natursteinplatte 1 haftet und einen stabilen Verbund ergibt, der das Trennen sowie Transportieren der dünnen Natursteinplatten gefahrlos ermöglicht. Auf diese Weise können selbst bereits polierte Platten auch größerer Abmessungen getrennt und transportiert werden, ohne dass für diese Bruchgefahr ausgesetzt sind. FIG. 16 shows how a thin, for example 2 cm thick, natural stone slab 1 is split with a separating disk 22. For this purpose, a material saturated with a liquid material 21 is attached to both sides of the polished natural stone plate 1, which is then cooled so that it firmly adheres to the natural stone plate 1 in the frozen state and results in a stable bond, the separation and transporting the thin Natural stone slabs safely possible. In this way, even already polished plates of larger dimensions can be separated and transported without being exposed to this risk of breakage.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Natursteinplatte
1.1
seitliche Natursteinplatte
Natural stone plate
1.1
lateral natural stone slab
22
erste Klebschichtfirst adhesive layer
33
Bewehrungsschichtreinforcement layer
44
zweite Klebschichtsecond adhesive layer
55
LeichtstoffschichtLightweight material layer
66
Nutgroove
6.16.1
Nut in der LeichtstoffschichtGroove in the light-weight layer
6.26.2
Nut in der SteinplatteGroove in the stone plate
77
Schutzschichtprotective layer
88th
Versteifungselement
8.1
oberer Kohlefaserstreifen
8.2
unterer Kohlefaserstreifen
stiffener
8.1
upper carbon fiber stripe
8.2
lower carbon fiber stripe
99
KunststoffplattePlastic plate
1010
Metallwinkelmetal brackets
1111
Verstärkungreinforcement
1212
Vergussmassepotting compound
1313
Ziereinlagedecorative inlay
1414
Ablaufrilleditch
1515
Öffnungopening
1616
Natursteinblock
16.1
flächiges Element
16.2
Teilfläche
Natural stone block
16.1
flat element
16.2
subarea
1717
Unterkonstruktionsubstructure
1818
Befestigungseinrichtungfastening device
1919
Flüssigkeit oder GelLiquid or gel
2020
Schnittebenecutting plane
2121
mit Flüssigkeit getränktes Materialliquid soaked material
2222
Trennscheibecutting wheel
AA
KüchenarbeitsplatteKitchen countertop
BB
erster Teilbereichfirst subarea
CC
zweiter Teilbereichsecond subarea

Claims (7)

  1. Natural stone composite slab with a natural stone slab (1), a light-weight material layer (5) and with additional elements for strengthening, characterized in that the natural stone composite slab is used as a kitchen tabletop, in that the thickness of the natural stone slab (I) is between 0.3 cm and 1.2 cm,
    in that, in the areas of high bending stress at the lower side of the natural stone slab (1) in the edge regions, a planar strip-shaped reinforcement layer (3) which has a high tensile strength, which has a very high modulus of elasticity as compared to the natural stone slab (1), and which is made of CFRP or CFRP fabric, is fastened by the first adhesive layer (2) of epoxy resin,
    in that the light-weight material layer (5) is fastened by a second adhesive layer (4), and in that no reinforcement layer (3) is arranged in a part region at the lower side of the natural stone slab (1) to be sawed out later for installing a sink, and the thickness of the second adhesive layer (4) in that part region is as big as the sum of the thicknesses of the reinforcement layer (3) and of the second adhesive layer (4) in the general part of the tabletop outside this part region.
  2. Natural stone composite slab as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that neither a reinforcement layer (3) nor a first adhesive layer (2) is located in the part region which is to be sawed out later for installing a sink, and that the height compensation for ensuring a constant overall thickness of the natural stone composite slab is achieved by the fact that the thickness of the second adhesive layer (4) which glues the light-weight material layer (5) directly to the natural stone slab (1) is as big as the sum of the thicknesses of first adhesive layer (2), reinforcement layer (3) and second adhesive layer (4) in the general part of the tabletop outside of this part region.
  3. Natural stone composite slab as claimed in claim I or 2, characterized in that a lateral natural stone slab (1.1) is mounted at least on one lateral surface, and grooves (6.1), which can accept fastener elements, are located at the lower side of the light-weight material layer (5).
  4. Natural stone composite slab as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that grooves (6.2), in which strip-shape reinforcement elements (3) are located, are incorporated in the natural stone slab (1) at least in the areas of high bending stress at the upper side or at the lower side.
  5. Natural stone composite slab as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that a strip-shaped reinforcement element (3) and a decorative insert (13) are located one on top of the other in the groove (6.2).
  6. Natural stone composite slab as claimed in any claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a lateral groove (6.2) is located at least at a one lateral surface of the natural stone slab (1), and can accept strip-shaped reinforcement elements (3) and/or decorative inserts (13).
  7. Procedure for manufacturing a natural stone composite slab as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that a two-dimensional element (16.1) of natural stone is mounted by temporary locating at a mounting device (18) while at least one mounting device (18) is mounted at least to one side of the two-dimensional element (16), and in that a liquid or a gel (19) is placed between mounting device (18) and two-dimensional element (16.1), and in that the liquid or gel (19) is subsequently cooled down at least to its freezing point, thus creating an adhesive bond between the mounting device (18) and the two-dimensional element (16.1), and that the two-dimensional element (16.1) is then separated and provided with fastening elements.
EP02717944A 2001-02-09 2002-02-08 Natural stone plate and method for the production thereof Expired - Lifetime EP1409809B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10106602 2001-02-09
DE10106602 2001-02-09
DE10126247 2001-05-29
DE10126247 2001-05-29
DE10201722 2002-01-18
DE2002101722 DE10201722A1 (en) 2002-01-18 2002-01-18 Composite natural stone slab, has reinforcing layer bonded to slab and lightweight material layer via adhesive layers
PCT/DE2002/000462 WO2002064903A2 (en) 2001-02-09 2002-02-08 Natural stone plate and method for the production thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1409809A2 EP1409809A2 (en) 2004-04-21
EP1409809B1 true EP1409809B1 (en) 2005-11-16

Family

ID=27214284

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02717944A Expired - Lifetime EP1409809B1 (en) 2001-02-09 2002-02-08 Natural stone plate and method for the production thereof

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1409809B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE310134T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002249069A1 (en)
DE (2) DE50204958D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002064903A2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010034851A1 (en) 2010-08-18 2012-02-23 Helmut Ernstberger Producing composite plate comprising thin natural stone plate and armor bonded with this, comprises e.g. applying first adhesive agent on stone plate, interspersing mixture made of crushed stone and powder grated stone in adhesive agent

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0322072D0 (en) * 2003-09-22 2003-10-22 Cox Preston D Stone component countertop system
ES2312283B1 (en) * 2007-08-06 2009-10-26 Camilo Piedras De Galicia, S.L. PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING NATURAL STONE PLATES APPLICABLE TO DECORATION.
IT1394955B1 (en) * 2008-09-11 2012-07-27 Toncelli PROCESS AND PEROXIDE INITIATOR FOR THE PREPARATION OF STEEL CONGLOMERATE ARTICLES
TR200900441A1 (en) * 2009-01-21 2010-08-23 Tureks Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ A method of consolidation.
WO2013050627A1 (en) * 2011-10-03 2013-04-11 Leva Candela Jose Juan Self-adhesive natural-stone panel and method for the production thereof
CN104602566B (en) * 2012-07-04 2019-03-08 洛德创业私人有限公司 Stone matter work system, composite slabstone and the method for manufacturing composite slabstone
CN103504839B (en) * 2013-05-07 2016-03-09 厦门鹭安顶品家居有限公司 Enhancement mode kitchen cabinet countertop
CN104760145B (en) * 2015-04-22 2017-04-05 江西赛维Ldk太阳能高科技有限公司 A kind of adhering method of crystal bar
CN105822008A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-08-03 南京旭华圣洛迪新型建材有限公司 High-strength building wallboard
IT202200011207A1 (en) * 2022-05-27 2023-11-27 Modulnova S R L FURNISHING COMPONENT AND RELATED MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3709224A1 (en) * 1987-03-20 1988-10-06 Herbert Kozuschnik Natural-stone-panel element
AT396232B (en) * 1988-12-07 1993-07-26 Wolfgang Lehner METHOD FOR COATING FURNITURE, WALLS AND FLOORS WITH THIN NATURAL OR ARTIFICIAL LAYER LAYERS
ES2123025T3 (en) * 1993-06-25 1999-01-01 Marcello Toncelli ASSEMBLED PRODUCT CONSISTING OF A NATURAL STONE SLAB OR CONGLOMERATED MATERIAL.
CH690065A5 (en) * 1994-09-14 2000-04-14 Willy Rothen Method of retaining parts for machining by freezing using a liquefied gas

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010034851A1 (en) 2010-08-18 2012-02-23 Helmut Ernstberger Producing composite plate comprising thin natural stone plate and armor bonded with this, comprises e.g. applying first adhesive agent on stone plate, interspersing mixture made of crushed stone and powder grated stone in adhesive agent
DE102010034851B4 (en) * 2010-08-18 2012-04-12 Helmut Ernstberger A process for producing composite panels comprising a natural stone slab and a reinforcement bonded to the natural stone slab, and composite slabs produced by the processes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10290520D2 (en) 2004-04-15
DE50204958D1 (en) 2005-12-22
EP1409809A2 (en) 2004-04-21
ATE310134T1 (en) 2005-12-15
AU2002249069A1 (en) 2002-08-28
WO2002064903A3 (en) 2002-10-10
WO2002064903A2 (en) 2002-08-22

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