EP0323084A1 - Ausbauteile für Tunnel oder Schächte - Google Patents

Ausbauteile für Tunnel oder Schächte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0323084A1
EP0323084A1 EP88311939A EP88311939A EP0323084A1 EP 0323084 A1 EP0323084 A1 EP 0323084A1 EP 88311939 A EP88311939 A EP 88311939A EP 88311939 A EP88311939 A EP 88311939A EP 0323084 A1 EP0323084 A1 EP 0323084A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lining
wall
removable
shaft
cast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88311939A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rupert John Sidney Mcbean
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Charcon Tunnels Ltd
Original Assignee
Charcon Tunnels Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB8730218A external-priority patent/GB8730218D0/en
Application filed by Charcon Tunnels Ltd filed Critical Charcon Tunnels Ltd
Publication of EP0323084A1 publication Critical patent/EP0323084A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs

Definitions

  • This invention relates to lining elements for tunnels or shafts.
  • precast concrete arcuate segments is well known both for tunnel and shaft lining but special forms of construction invariably have to be resorted to where a tunnel is required to connect to a shaft or, likewise, where a shaft is required to be connected to a tunnel.
  • One method of achieving this is to form low strength piles around that section of the shaft, or alternatively, when forming an opening it is necessary to support the shaft internally to prevent collapse until the connecting tunnel has been completed.
  • This invention provides a lining element for a tunnel or shaft, the element having a main wall formed in reinforced, concrete and a removable wall portion cast in and supported by the main wall to be broken out of the main wall to provide an opening through the element for a branch shaft or tunnel where required.
  • the main wall of the lining element is preferably formed from a high compression, high impact resistance concrete and the removable wall portion is formed in a low impact resistance concrete with no reinforcement bridging the removable wall and the main wall so that the removable wall can readily be broken out of the main wall.
  • the removable wall portion of the lining element may have a reduced wall thickness compared with the wall thickness of the main wall to facilitate the breaking out of the further section.
  • the removable wall is formed from a lightweight concrete.
  • the removable wall may be formed from "Lytag" concrete.
  • the lining element may be of arcuate form and the removable wall portion may be formed part way along one circumferentially extending edge of the element whereby two such elements may be assembled side-by-side with said removable wall portions of the elements aligned to provide an enlarged opening when the wall portions have been removed.
  • the removable portion of the element may have a semi-circular profile to provide a circular opening with the similar adjacent element.
  • the main wall of the lining element may be case in situ in the tunnel lining or shaft with the removable wall also cast in situ in the main wall.
  • Figure 1 of the drawings shows one ring of a lining for a shaft comprising a purality of conventional reinforced precast concrete arcuate lining elements connected together both end to end and to the corresponding elements of the rings above and below.
  • a pair of special lining elements 11 is provided to complete the rings of elements 10 and to provide an access point for a horizontal tunnel.
  • the elements 11 will now be described in greater detail with reference to Figures 2 and 3.
  • Each element 11 is of twice the normal axial length of a conventional lining element 10 to span two rings of elements 10 and has a circumferential length of approximately twice that of the normal lining elements 10.
  • the elements 11 each comprise a main section 12 cast in high compression strength high impact strength steel reinforced concrete with a semi-circular shaped recess 13 formed in one circumferential edge 12a of the element.
  • the region of the main section 12 around the recess is formed with an increased thickness by a ram formed on the inner side of the element as indicated at 12b.
  • the recess has a lightweight (e.g. "Lytag”) semi-circular concrete wall section 14 cast therein with an integral flange 15 extending along the diametrically extending edge of the wall.
  • the flange 15 and the adjacent part of the edge of the section 14 may be reinforced with cast-in reinforcement rods 16 as shown in Figure 3. Such rods 16 do not extend into the main section 12 of the element.
  • the two elements 11 are connected together with the semi-circular sections 14 in alignment and the respective flanges 15 in abutment.
  • the edge portions of each main section 12 to either side of the semi-circular sections 14 have cast in anchor plates 18 with shallow recesses 19 behind the plates.
  • the pairs of plates of opposing elements 11 are secured together by bolts 20 to provide a permanent lining between the elements 11.
  • the abutting flanges 15 of the elements may be secured together by a bolt or bolts 17.
  • the sections 14 of the elements 11 can be broken out from the elements to reveal a circular aperture through the wall of the shaft for connection to a tunnel extending horizontally of the lining. It will be understood that the main sections 12 of the lining elements 11 are cast to dimensions and provided with reinforcement to enable them to withstand the full loads imposed on the shaft lining with the sections 14 removed.
  • the lining elements 11 may be formed with cast-in sockets 21 in the inside of the recess around the removable section 14 to receive attachments for securing a gaiter around the recess to cooperate with a tunnelling machine as it drives through the wall of the shaft. This arrangement is of particular value when entering unstable ground.
  • the removal section of the tunnel lining element may be shaped otherwise than semi-circular according to the cross-section of the tunnel to be driven from the shaft lining.
  • the removable section may be part oval, elliptical, rectangular or square to connect with an oval, elliptical, rectangular or square tunnel connected to the shaft lining.
  • the arrangement can also be used in the wall of a tunnel to provide a connection with a subsidiary tunnel or a shaft connected to the tunnel.
  • the removable section may be formed wholly within the lining element thereby providing a continuous wall encircling the removable section. In the latter case the removable section may be of circular or any other shape to suit the cross-section of the shaft or lining to be connected to it.
  • the circular removable section in the wall of the shaft lining spans two lining elements 11. It is however envisaged that it may be necessary to span three or more elements according to the size of the tunnel required to extend from the shaft.
  • the shaft lining elements 11 described above are divided horizontally but they could, equally be divided vertically into two or more elements.
  • the invention is applicable also to shaft a tunnel linings other than circular in cross-section.
  • the lining may be square, rectangular, oval or ellipical in cross-section.
  • a single special lining element 11 has a main wall portion 12 cast in situ to complete a tunnel or shaft lining formed from precast annular segments.
  • the removable section 14 of the special lining element is also cast in situ .
  • the special lining element 11 is a complete annular element which is cast in situ in the excavated tunnel or shaft with the removable portion of the lining also cast in situ in the main wall of the lining element.
  • Such an arrangement may form part of a tunnel lining which si completely cast in situ or may form part of a lining the remainder of which comprises precast annular segments as shown in Figure 6.
  • the details of the special lining elements are otherwise as described with references to Figure 1 above.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
EP88311939A 1987-12-29 1988-12-16 Ausbauteile für Tunnel oder Schächte Withdrawn EP0323084A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8730218 1987-12-29
GB8730218A GB8730218D0 (en) 1987-12-29 1987-12-29 Improvements in/relating to lining elements for tunnels/shafts
GB8821923 1988-09-19
GB8821923A GB2214208A (en) 1987-12-29 1988-09-19 Improvements in or relating to lining elements for tunnels or shafts

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0323084A1 true EP0323084A1 (de) 1989-07-05

Family

ID=26293251

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88311939A Withdrawn EP0323084A1 (de) 1987-12-29 1988-12-16 Ausbauteile für Tunnel oder Schächte

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0323084A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104033162A (zh) * 2014-07-03 2014-09-10 北京特泽热力工程设计有限责任公司 一种热力盾构隧道导向支架

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1005519A (fr) * 1947-07-31 1952-04-11 Auxiliaire Des Distrib S D Eau Perfectionnement aux puits
CH348421A (fr) * 1957-07-01 1960-08-31 Denton Morgan Horace Revêtement de tunnel et procédé pour son établissement
CH466170A (de) * 1966-02-08 1968-11-30 Buescher Heribert Verteilerstück für Kanalschächte
FR2525519A1 (fr) * 1982-04-23 1983-10-28 Aubert J Procede de moulage de produits creux en beton et boite de raccordement obtenue selon ce procede

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1005519A (fr) * 1947-07-31 1952-04-11 Auxiliaire Des Distrib S D Eau Perfectionnement aux puits
CH348421A (fr) * 1957-07-01 1960-08-31 Denton Morgan Horace Revêtement de tunnel et procédé pour son établissement
CH466170A (de) * 1966-02-08 1968-11-30 Buescher Heribert Verteilerstück für Kanalschächte
FR2525519A1 (fr) * 1982-04-23 1983-10-28 Aubert J Procede de moulage de produits creux en beton et boite de raccordement obtenue selon ce procede

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104033162A (zh) * 2014-07-03 2014-09-10 北京特泽热力工程设计有限责任公司 一种热力盾构隧道导向支架
CN104033162B (zh) * 2014-07-03 2016-04-20 北京特泽热力工程设计有限责任公司 一种热力盾构隧道导向支架

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