EP0318678B1 - Device for shore-side mooring a floating body e.g. pontoon in tidal waters - Google Patents

Device for shore-side mooring a floating body e.g. pontoon in tidal waters Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0318678B1
EP0318678B1 EP88116636A EP88116636A EP0318678B1 EP 0318678 B1 EP0318678 B1 EP 0318678B1 EP 88116636 A EP88116636 A EP 88116636A EP 88116636 A EP88116636 A EP 88116636A EP 0318678 B1 EP0318678 B1 EP 0318678B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
accordance
bolt
guiding device
pontoon
bridging beam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88116636A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0318678A1 (en
Inventor
Siegbert Dipl.-Ing. Sacklowski
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Anton Muesling & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
OBERLEDINGER MASCHINENBAUGESELLSCHAFT MBH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
    • E02B3/064—Floating landing-stages

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a floating device, such as a pontoon or the like, with a device for mooring in tide-dependent waters at at least two shore-side stops, such as bollards or the like, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a pontoon such as is required for the so-called Roro handling process, in which containers with conventional trucks are driven into the hold of a special ship via a stern or bow gate, must be secured in such a way that the pontoon maintains its position at the berth even during the tidal water level changes during handling operations did not change.
  • Such a pontoon also has to be moved or moved frequently.
  • the mooring with lines that is common in shipping has considerable disadvantages, especially for such a pontoon.
  • a pontoon e.g. in the case of jetties, to be fixed on fixed vertical guides in which the pontoon engages with corresponding sliding elements or the like.
  • Fixed vertical guides, on which the pontoon is fixed, but can still swim up and down, are only suitable for a pontoon that always keeps its berth unchanged.
  • a device to be fixed at different locations, in particular a previously described pontoon for the Roro handling process, is dependent on the stops available at the respective berth. In port facilities, these are the bollards installed on the quay walls, which are spaced apart over the length of the quay wall.
  • the invention has for its object to equip a floating device such that a quick mooring and lot value is possible using the existing land-side stops and a tidal water level change will automatically compensate.
  • the bolts are designed so that they can be fixed at a stop, in particular a bollard.
  • Each seal can be designed, for example, as a claw encompassing the bollard, but also any type that allows coupling with a bollard or the like stopping point is suitable.
  • Each bolt is freely movable in a vertical free guide held, the vertical free guide is part of a structure of the floating device and thus part of the device for mooring, which holds the pontoon firmly over the bolt at the stop, the pontoon can float freely due to the vertical free guide to tide-dependent Compensate for water level changes.
  • the vertical free guide therefore has a length that is able to bridge the tidal range given at the respective location.
  • the distance between two adjacent bolts can be adapted to the distance between two stops that are to be used to fasten the floating device will.
  • the floating device can therefore be fastened at various points with the device according to the invention for mooring, the existing breakpoints being able to be used without problems.
  • the entire structure can remain permanently installed on the floating device without any retrofitting, whereby the distance between two bars at the respective berth of the pontoon can only be adjusted to the given distance between two stops.
  • the second guide comprises a horizontal bridge girder which is held at the end in vertical free guides and on which at least one bar is guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable.
  • the entire bridge girder can move up and down in its vertical free guides to compensate for tidal water level changes.
  • the corresponding bar which is coupled to a stopping point on land, for example a bollard, can be moved along the bridge girder in order to adapt the distances between two bars to the distances between two stopping points.
  • Each vertical free guide is preferably a column standing on the device, which either serves itself as a guideway or is equipped with corresponding constructions as guideways.
  • a floating device which is used in particular as a pontoon in the Roro handling process, is advantageously designed so that it has a column on one of its ends on the side facing the land as a vertical guide for a bolt and that it is in the area of each on the other hand has two pillars standing next to each other at a predetermined distance as vertical free guides for each end of the horizontal bridge girder.
  • Each bolt can be arranged on a sliding body held longitudinally displaceably on the respectively assigned guide.
  • the sliding body serves to connect the transom to the guide, which is designed, for example, as a column, and at the same time serves to vertically move the transom along the guide in order to enable free floating up and down when the water level changes or to enable displacement along the bridge girder, to change the distance between two adjacent bars.
  • Each guide can have a cross-sectional shape that differs from the circular shape, preferably a square shape.
  • the column and also the bridge girder have square cross sections, with the advantage that the comprehensive sliding bodies are guided in a rotationally fixed manner and can only be moved freely in the longitudinal direction of the respective guide.
  • Each sliding body can have sliding elements in the region of its guide surfaces.
  • the sliding elements can be replaceable wear parts, which are particularly suitable for transmitting high forces.
  • rolling elements can also be installed in the sliding bodies in the area of the guide surfaces, which is particularly suitable for mooring devices that are less loaded.
  • Each bolt is designed as a fork claw carried by the sliding body, which has an operable fork mouth lock.
  • the fork claw can be pushed over a bollard in the manner of a clamp and is secured behind the bollard with the fork mouth lock.
  • the fork mouth lock can be a simple tab that is held in a locked position by bolts so that an unintentional release of the fork claw from the bollard cannot occur.
  • the vertically guided ends of the bridge girder are also connected with respectively assigned counterweights, which compensate for the weight of the bridge girder, including the slide body guided thereon, with latches, as a result of which the entire arrangement in the vertical guides can be easily moved up and down.
  • the synchronizing device can comprise, for example, ropes attached to each end of the bridge girder, which run over deflection rollers after a fastening point on the counterweight of the respective other end of the bridge girder.
  • vertical toothings can also be provided on each free bridge support, with which pinions mounted on a common axis mesh at the ends of the bridge support.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically part of a quay wall 1, in front of which is a floating device, here a pontoon 2.
  • a pontoon 2 At the top of the quay wall there are stops 3 and 4, which are designed as bollards known per se.
  • the column 10, which forms the free guide 7, stands in the region of the end 12 of the pontoon 2.
  • the vertical free guide 7 formed by the column 10 guides a sliding body 13 to which a bolt 14 is articulated, which is designed here as a fork claw 15 and can clasp the holding point 4, the bollard.
  • a sliding body 13 In the case of tide-dependent changes in water level, in which the pontoon 2 floats up and down in front of the quay wall 1, the sliding body 13 can move up and down on the free guide 7 formed by the column 10, the holding claw 15 remaining in connection with the stopping point 4.
  • Similar sliding parts 16 and 17 are also slidably guided on the vertical free guides 5 and 6 formed by the columns 8 and 9.
  • a second guide 18 which is aligned horizontally and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pontoon 2 is formed by a bridge support 19 which connects the two sliding guides 16 and 17.
  • a further sliding part 20 is guided horizontally displaceably on the bridge girder 19, a latch 22 designed as a holding claw 21, which engages at the stopping point 3, the bollard, in turn being articulated on this sliding body.
  • the pontoon 2 is fastened to the stops 3 and 4 with the bolts 14 and 22, the tidal water level changes being compensated for by the vertical free guides 5, 6 and 7 and the sliding bodies 13 and sliding parts 16 and 17 guided thereon.
  • a pontoon 2 in particular a pontoon, which is to be used for a Roro handling process, can often be fixed at different locations, but the distances between two or more adjacent stops 3 and 4 are not always constant, the adaptation to different distances can by the horizontal guidance of the sliding body 20 on the bridge support 19.
  • Fig. 2 shows a side view of the two vertical guides 5 and 6, which are formed by the columns 8 and 9 standing on the deck of the pontoon 2.
  • the two columns 8 and 9 are structurally identical, the column 8 being shown partially cut away to simplify the illustration.
  • Fig. 2 shows how the horizontal bridge support 19 is guided with its ends in the columns 8 and 9 vertically up and down.
  • the sliding body which is held displaceably on the horizontal bridge support 19 is again designated by 20.
  • the upper free ends of the two columns 8 and 9 are connected to each other for reasons of stability with a support 23 placed above them.
  • each column 8 and 9, as shown in the column 8, is designed as a guide track for a counterweight 24 each, which hangs on an indicated rope 25, which via an upper deflection roller 26 leads to the end of the bridge girder 19 which is guided vertically in the column 8 is led and struck there at 27.
  • a counterweight is made in the column 9, but this is not shown here.
  • a further rope 29 is attached to the left end of the horizontal bridge girder 19, which runs over a deflection roller 30 located in the foot region of the column 8 to the right column 9 and is connected to the lower end of the counterweight for the right end of the bridge girder 19 which is guided in the column 9 and which is not shown in detail.
  • the right end of the bridge girder 19 is connected to the counterweight 24 via a rope 31 which is guided in the same way and which runs over corresponding deflection rollers, of which only the lower deflection roller 32 assigned to the right column 8 is visible, that in the right column 8 is performed.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic top view of FIG. 2.
  • the same components are labeled with the same reference numbers.
  • Fig. 3 shows that the horizontal bridge support 19 is guided in vertical guideways of the columns 8 and 9 with inserted sliding blocks 33 and 34 arranged at the ends.
  • the sliding body 20, which is guided back and forth on the horizontal bridge girder, has a projection directed towards the land side of the pontoon, a bolt 22 being articulated at its free end via a joint 35, which, as indicated here, is designed as a double holding claw 21 which can be attached to a double-headed bollard that is not visible here.
  • 36 and 37 designate fork mouth locks.
  • the tabs are pivotally arranged on bolts 38 and 39 on the respective outer jaws of the fork claw 21.
  • plug pins 40 and 41 or similar locking elements each fork mouth lock can be fixed in the position shown in order to secure the bolt 22 with a stop, e.g. a double-headed bollard to lock.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the vertical free guide 7, which stands on the pontoon 2 in the region of its end 12 and holds this side of the pontoon (FIG. 1) in front of the quay wall 1.
  • the column 10 is encompassed by the sliding body 13 which, like the sliding body 20, is designed (FIG. 3) and carries a latch 14 designed as a fork claw 15.
  • the sliding body 13 can freely move up and down along the column 10, the position of the pontoon 2 relative to the quay wall 1 not changing, since the pontoon with its bolts 14 and 22 is on the stops 3 and 4 on the quay wall is fixed (Fig. 1).
  • FIG. 5 again shows a schematic plan view of the column 10 with the sliding body 13 guided thereon.
  • the same components are identified by the same reference numbers.
  • the bolt 14, as also shown in FIG. 3, is designed as a double fork claw, again with fork jaw locks.
  • Fig. 5 shows that the sliding body 13 in the region of its guide surfaces on the column 10 has a plurality of sliding elements 44 which are designed as replaceable wear parts. In the case of lighter constructions, the sliding elements 44 can also be replaced by rolling elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein schwimmendes Gerät, wie Ponton oder dergleichen, mit einer Einrichtung zum Festmachen in tidenabhängigen Gewässern an wenigstens zwei landseitigen Haltepunkten, wie Poller oder dergleichen, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a floating device, such as a pontoon or the like, with a device for mooring in tide-dependent waters at at least two shore-side stops, such as bollards or the like, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei schwimmenden Geräten bedarf es in tidenabhängigen Gewässern einer Einrichtung zum Festmachen, durch die gezeitenabhängige Wasserstandsänderungen ausgeglichen werden können. Ein Ponton, wie er z.B. für das sogenannte Roro-Umschlagverfahren benötigt wird, bei dem Container mit üblichen Lastkraftfahrzeugen über eine Heck- oder Bugpforte eines Spezialschiffes in dessen Laderaum eingefahren werden, muß so festgemacht werden, daß der Ponton seine Position am Liegeplatz auch während der gezeitenabhängigen Wasserstandsänderungen während des Umschlagbetriebes nicht verändert. Ein solcher Ponton muß auch häufig verlegt bzw. verholt werden. Dabei hat das in der Schiffahrt übliche Festmachen mit Leinen gerade für einen solchen Ponton erhebliche Nachteile. Leinen auszubringen und zu belegen dauert recht lange, so daß für ein Verholen des Pontons viel Zeit verloren geht, die für einen Warenumschlag nicht mehr nutzbar ist. Gerade bei dem Roro-Umschlagverfahren werden Leinen und Trossen sehr hoch belastet, so daß die Gefahr des Bruchs besteht. Außerdem erfordert das Festmachen mit Leinen in tidenabhängigen Gewässern eine ständige Bedienung mit unzumutbaren Betriebsunterbrechungen während des Umschlagverfahrens.In the case of floating devices, a facility for mooring is required in tide-dependent waters, by means of which tidal-dependent changes in water level can be compensated for. A pontoon, such as is required for the so-called Roro handling process, in which containers with conventional trucks are driven into the hold of a special ship via a stern or bow gate, must be secured in such a way that the pontoon maintains its position at the berth even during the tidal water level changes during handling operations did not change. Such a pontoon also has to be moved or moved frequently. The mooring with lines that is common in shipping has considerable disadvantages, especially for such a pontoon. It takes a long time to line up and line up, so that much time is lost for moving the pontoon, which can no longer be used for handling goods. Especially with the Roro handling process, lines and hawser are very heavily loaded, so that there is a risk of breakage. In addition, mooring with lines in tide-dependent waters requires constant operation with unreasonable interruptions in operations during the handling process.

Es ist bereits bekannt, (siche z.B. GB-A-2080228) einen Ponton, z.B. bei Landungsbrücken, an ortsfesten lotrechten Führungen festzulegen, in welche der Ponton mit entsprechenden Gleitelementen oder dergleichen eingreift. Dadurch ist ein freies Auf- und Abschwimmen während der gezeitenabhängigen Wasserstandsänderungen möglich. Ortsfeste lotrechte Führungen, an denen der Ponton festgelegt ist, jedoch noch auf- und abschwimmen kann, sind jedoch nur für einen Ponton geeignet, der seinen Liegeplatz stets unverändert beibehält. Ein an unterschiedlichen Standorten festzumachendes Gerät, insbesondere ein vorbeschriebener Ponton für das Roro-Umschlagverfahren, ist auf die am jeweiligen Liegeplatz vorhandenen Haltepunkte angewiesen. Dies sind bei Hafenanlagen die auf den Kaimauern installierten Poller, die mit Abständen untereinander über die Länge der Kaimauer verteilt sind.It is already known (see e.g. GB-A-2080228) a pontoon, e.g. in the case of jetties, to be fixed on fixed vertical guides in which the pontoon engages with corresponding sliding elements or the like. This enables free swimming up and down during the tidal water level changes. Fixed vertical guides, on which the pontoon is fixed, but can still swim up and down, are only suitable for a pontoon that always keeps its berth unchanged. A device to be fixed at different locations, in particular a previously described pontoon for the Roro handling process, is dependent on the stops available at the respective berth. In port facilities, these are the bollards installed on the quay walls, which are spaced apart over the length of the quay wall.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein schwimmendes Gerät derart auszurüsten, daß ein schnelles Festmachen und Loswerten unter Ausnutzung der vorhandenen landseitigen Haltepunkte möglich ist und eine gezeitenabhängige Wasserstandsänderung selbsttätig ausgegleichen wird.The invention has for its object to equip a floating device such that a quick mooring and lot value is possible using the existing land-side stops and a tidal water level change will automatically compensate.

Diese Aufgabe ist gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß wenigstens einer der beiden Riegel mittels einer zweiten Führung zusätzlich waagerecht und parallel zur Längsachse des schwimmenden Gerätes verschiebbar gehalten ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that at least one of the two bolts is additionally held horizontally and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the floating device by means of a second guide.

Die Riegel sind dabei so ausgebildet, daß sie sich an einem Haltepunkt, insbesondere einem Poller, festlegen lassen. Jeder siegel kann z.B. als den Poller umgreifende Klaue ausgebildet sein, aber auch jede beliebige Art, die ein Verkuppeln mit einem Poller oder dergleichen Haltepunkt zuläßt, ist geeignet. Jeder Riegel ist in einer lotrechten Freiführung frei beweglich gehalten, wobei die lotrechte Freiführung ein Teil eines Aufbaus des schwimmenden Gerätes und somit ein Teil der Einrichtung zum Festmachen ist, die den Ponton über den Riegel fest am Haltepunkt hält, wobei der Ponton aufgrund der lotrechten Freiführung frei auf- und abschwimmen kann, um gezeitenabhängige Wasserstandsänderungen auszugleichen. Die lotrechte Freiführung weist deshalb eine Länge auf, die in der Lage ist, den am jeweiligen Einsatzort gegebenen Tidenhub zu überbrücken.The bolts are designed so that they can be fixed at a stop, in particular a bollard. Each seal can be designed, for example, as a claw encompassing the bollard, but also any type that allows coupling with a bollard or the like stopping point is suitable. Each bolt is freely movable in a vertical free guide held, the vertical free guide is part of a structure of the floating device and thus part of the device for mooring, which holds the pontoon firmly over the bolt at the stop, the pontoon can float freely due to the vertical free guide to tide-dependent Compensate for water level changes. The vertical free guide therefore has a length that is able to bridge the tidal range given at the respective location.

Da wenigstens einer der beiden Riegel noch zusätzlich in einer zweiten Führung waagerecht und parallel zur Längsachse des schwimmenden Gerätes verschiebbar gehalten ist, kann der Abstand zwischen zwei einander benachbarten Riegeln auf den Abstand zwischen zwei Haltepunkten, die zum Festmachen des schwimmenden Gerätes benutzt werden sollen, angepaßt werden. Das schwimmende Gerät kann mit der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zum Festmachen deshalb an verschiedenen Stellen befestigt werden, wobei die jeweils vorhandenen Haltepunkte problemlos ausgenutzt werden können. Der gesamte Aufbau kann unverändert und ohne entsprechende Nachrüstung auf dem schwimmenden Gerät fest installiert bleiben, wobei der Abstand zwischen zwei Riegeln am jeweiligen Liegeplatz des Pontons nur noch auf die gegebenen Abstände zwischen zwei Haltepunkten einzustellen ist.Since at least one of the two bolts is additionally held horizontally and displaceably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the floating device, the distance between two adjacent bolts can be adapted to the distance between two stops that are to be used to fasten the floating device will. The floating device can therefore be fastened at various points with the device according to the invention for mooring, the existing breakpoints being able to be used without problems. The entire structure can remain permanently installed on the floating device without any retrofitting, whereby the distance between two bars at the respective berth of the pontoon can only be adjusted to the given distance between two stops.

Nach einer Weiterbildung ist vorgesehen, daß die zweite Führung einen waagerechten Brückenträger umfaßt, der endseitig in lotrechten Freiführungen gehalten ist und an dem wenigstens ein Riegel längsverschiebbar geführt ist. Der gesamte Brückenträger kann sich in seinen lotrechten Freiführungen auf- und abbewegen, um gezeitenabhängige Wasserstandsänderungen auszugleichen. Der entsprechende Riegel, der mit einem Haltepunkt an Land, beispielsweise einem Poller, verkuppelt wird, kann entlang dem Brückenträger verschoben werden, um die Abstände zwischen zwei Riegeln den Abständen zwischen zwei Haltepunkten anzupassen.According to a further development, it is provided that the second guide comprises a horizontal bridge girder which is held at the end in vertical free guides and on which at least one bar is guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable. The entire bridge girder can move up and down in its vertical free guides to compensate for tidal water level changes. The corresponding bar, which is coupled to a stopping point on land, for example a bollard, can be moved along the bridge girder in order to adapt the distances between two bars to the distances between two stopping points.

Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, insbesondere bei kleineren schwimmenden Geräten, mehr als einen Riegel an einem Brückenträger längsverschiebbar zu führen.Of course, it is also possible, particularly in the case of smaller floating devices, to have more than one latch on a bridge girder which can be moved longitudinally.

Jede lotrechte Freiführung ist vorzugsweise eine auf dem Gerät stehende Säule, die entweder selbst als Führungsbahn dient oder die mit entsprechenden Konstruktionen als Führungsbahnen ausgerüstet ist.Each vertical free guide is preferably a column standing on the device, which either serves itself as a guideway or is equipped with corresponding constructions as guideways.

Ein schwimmendes Gerät, welches insbesondere als Ponton beim Roro-Umschlagverfahren eingesetzt wird, ist dabei mit Vorteil so ausgebildet, daß es an einem seiner Enden an der dem Land zugekehrten Seite eine Säule als lotrechte Freiführung für einen Riegel aufweist und daß es im Bereich seines jeweils anderen Endes zwei in vorbestimmtem Abstand nebeneinander stehende Säulen als lotrechte Freiführungen für je ein Ende des waagerechten Brückenträgers hat. Jeder Riegel kann an einem an der jeweils zugeordneten Führung längsverschiebbar gehaltenen Schiebekörper angeordnet sein. Der Schiebekörper dient der Verbindung des Riegels mit der Führung, die beispielsweise als Säule ausgebildet ist, und dient gleichzeitig der lotrechten Verschiebung des Riegels entlang der Führung, um das freie Auf- und Abschwimmen bei Wasserstandsänderungen zu ermöglichen oder die Verschiebung entlang des Brückenträgers zu ermöglichen, um den Abstand zwischen zwei zueinander benachbarten Riegeln zu ändern.A floating device, which is used in particular as a pontoon in the Roro handling process, is advantageously designed so that it has a column on one of its ends on the side facing the land as a vertical guide for a bolt and that it is in the area of each on the other hand has two pillars standing next to each other at a predetermined distance as vertical free guides for each end of the horizontal bridge girder. Each bolt can be arranged on a sliding body held longitudinally displaceably on the respectively assigned guide. The sliding body serves to connect the transom to the guide, which is designed, for example, as a column, and at the same time serves to vertically move the transom along the guide in order to enable free floating up and down when the water level changes or to enable displacement along the bridge girder, to change the distance between two adjacent bars.

Dabei kann jede Führung eine von der Kreisform abweichende Querschnittsform, vorzugsweise Vierkantform aufweisen. Die Säule und auch der Brückenträger weisen Vierkant-Querschnitte auf, mit dem Vorteil, daß die umfassenden Schiebekörper verdrehfest geführt werden und sich lediglich in Längsrichtung der jeweiligen Führung frei bewegen lassen.Each guide can have a cross-sectional shape that differs from the circular shape, preferably a square shape. The column and also the bridge girder have square cross sections, with the advantage that the comprehensive sliding bodies are guided in a rotationally fixed manner and can only be moved freely in the longitudinal direction of the respective guide.

Zur Erleichterung der Verschiebebewegungen der Schiebekörper entlang einer jeweils zugeordneten Führung, können über Seile und Umlenkrollen angelenkte Kontergewichte in an sich bekannter Bauweise vorgesehen sein. Es ist auch zweckmäßig, Taljen oder Hubwinden für eine zwangsweise Verschiebung der Schiebekörper entlang ihrer zugeordneten Führungen zu verwenden, was beispielsweise dann in Frage kommt, wenn die Riegel zum An- oder Ablegen eines Pontons bei niedrigem Wasserstand auf die Höhe der Kaimauer angehoben werden müssen, um die Verbindung mit einem Poller herzustellen oder wieder zu lösen.In order to facilitate the sliding movements of the sliding bodies along a respectively assigned guide, counterweights articulated via ropes and deflection rollers can be used Construction should be provided. It is also expedient to use valleys or hoisting winches for forcibly displacing the sliding bodies along their associated guides, which is possible, for example, if the latches have to be raised to the level of the quay wall in order to put on or take off a pontoon when the water level is low, to connect or disconnect with a bollard.

Jeder Schiebekörper kann im Bereich seiner Führungsflächen Gleitelemente aufweisen. Die Gleitelemente können auswechselbare Verschleißteile sein, die insbesondere zur Übertragung hoher Kräfte geeignet sind. Statt der Gleitelemente können jedoch auch Rollelemente im Bereich der Führungsflächen in die Schiebekörper eingebaut sein, was sich insbesondere bei weniger belasteten Festmacheinrichtungen anbietet.Each sliding body can have sliding elements in the region of its guide surfaces. The sliding elements can be replaceable wear parts, which are particularly suitable for transmitting high forces. Instead of the sliding elements, however, rolling elements can also be installed in the sliding bodies in the area of the guide surfaces, which is particularly suitable for mooring devices that are less loaded.

Jeder Riegel ist als vom Verschiebekörper getragene Gabelklaue ausgebildet, die eine betätigbare Gabelmaulsperre aufweist. Die Gabelklaue kann nach Art einer Klammer über einen Poller geschoben werden und wird hinter dem Poller mit der Gabelmaulsperre gesichert. Die Gabelmaulsperre kann eine einfache Lasche sein, die durch Bolzen in einer Sperrstellung gehalten ist, so daß ein unbeabsichtigtes Lösen der Gabelklaue vom Poller nicht auftreten kann.Each bolt is designed as a fork claw carried by the sliding body, which has an operable fork mouth lock. The fork claw can be pushed over a bollard in the manner of a clamp and is secured behind the bollard with the fork mouth lock. The fork mouth lock can be a simple tab that is held in a locked position by bolts so that an unintentional release of the fork claw from the bollard cannot occur.

Auch die lotrecht geführten Enden des Brückenträgers sind mit jeweils zugeordneten Kontergewichten verbunden, die das Gewicht des Brückenträgers einschließlich des daran geführten Gleitkörpers mit Riegel ausgleichen, wodurch die gesamte Anordnung in den lotrechten Führungen leicht auf- und abbewegbar ist.The vertically guided ends of the bridge girder are also connected with respectively assigned counterweights, which compensate for the weight of the bridge girder, including the slide body guided thereon, with latches, as a result of which the entire arrangement in the vertical guides can be easily moved up and down.

Um zu gewährleisten, daß der Brückenträger stets rechtwinklig zu den Führungsbahnen der lotrechten Führungen steht, daß sich also die beiden geführten Enden des Brückenträgers gleichmäßig und gleichzeitig entlang der Führungen bewegen, ist vorgesehen, daß den lotrecht geführten Enden des Brückenträgers eine Gleichlaufeinrichtung zugeordnet ist. Die Gleichlaufeinrichtung kann z.B. an jedem Ende des Brückenträgers angeschlagene Seile umfassen, die über Umlenkrollen nach einem Befestigungspunkt am Kontergewicht des jeweils anderen Endes des Brückenträgers verlaufen. Als Gleichlaufeinrichtungen können jedoch auch lotrechte Verzahnungen an jeder Brückenträgerfreiführung vorgesehen sein, mit denen an den Enden des Brückenträgers gelagerte, auf einer gemeinsamen Achse sitzende Ritzel kämmen. Mit den Gleichlaufeinrichtungen ist es möglich, einen Gleichlauf des Brückenträgers bei der höhenmäßigen Verstellung entlang der lotrechten Führungen zu erreichen.In order to ensure that the bridge girder is always at right angles to the guideways of the vertical guides, that is to say that the two guided ends of the bridge girder move uniformly and simultaneously along the guides, it is provided that the vertically guided ends of the bridge girder have one Synchronization device is assigned. The synchronizing device can comprise, for example, ropes attached to each end of the bridge girder, which run over deflection rollers after a fastening point on the counterweight of the respective other end of the bridge girder. However, as synchronizing devices, vertical toothings can also be provided on each free bridge support, with which pinions mounted on a common axis mesh at the ends of the bridge support. With the synchronizing devices, it is possible to achieve synchronism of the bridge girder with the vertical adjustment along the vertical guides.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, aus dem sich weitere erfinderische Merkmale ergeben, ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Ansicht eines als Ponton ausgeführten schwimmenden Gerätes mit einer Einrichtung zum Festmachen an landseitigen Haltepunkten,
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht des Teils der Einrichtung zum Festmachen mit lotrechter und zusätzlicher waagerechter Verschiebemöglichkeit,
Fig. 3
eine schematische Draufsicht des Teils der Einrichtung zum Festmachen nach Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
eine schematische Seitenansicht des Teils der Einrichtung zum Festmachen, die allein eine lotrechte Verschiebemöglichkeit aufweist und
Fig. 5
eine Draufsicht auf das Teil nach Fig. 4 im Schnitt.

An embodiment of the invention, from which further inventive features result, is shown in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
1 shows a schematic view of a floating device designed as a pontoon with a device for mooring at shore-side stops,
Fig. 2
a view of the part of the device for mooring with vertical and additional horizontal displacement,
Fig. 3
2 shows a schematic top view of the part of the device for mooring according to FIG. 2,
Fig. 4
is a schematic side view of the part of the device for mooring, which alone has a vertical displacement option and
Fig. 5
a plan view of the part of FIG. 4 in section.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch einen Teil einer Kaimauer 1, vor der ein schwimmendes Gerät, hier ein Ponton 2 liegt. Oben auf der Kaimauer befinden sich Haltepunkte 3 und 4, die als an sich bekannte Poller ausgebildet sind. Auf dem Deck des Pontons 2 stehen lotrechte Freiführungen 5, 6 und 7, die, wie hier angedeutet, als Säulen 8, 9 und 10 ausgebildet sind. Die Säule 10, welche die Freiführung 7 bildet, steht in dem Bereich des Endes 12 des Pontons 2. Die Säulen 8 und 9, welche die Freiführungen 5 und 6 bilden, stehen in einem vorbestimmten Abstand nebeneinander im Bereich des Endes 11 des Pontons 2.Fig. 1 shows schematically part of a quay wall 1, in front of which is a floating device, here a pontoon 2. At the top of the quay wall there are stops 3 and 4, which are designed as bollards known per se. On the deck of the pontoon 2 there are vertical free guides 5, 6 and 7 which, as indicated here, are designed as columns 8, 9 and 10. The column 10, which forms the free guide 7, stands in the region of the end 12 of the pontoon 2. The columns 8 and 9, which are the free guides 5 and 6 form, stand next to each other at a predetermined distance in the region of the end 11 of the pontoon 2.

Die durch die Säule 10 gebildete lotrechte Freiführung 7 führt einen Schiebekörper 13, an welchem ein Riegel 14 angelenkt ist, der hier als Gabelklaue 15 ausgebildet ist und den Haltepunkt 4, den Poller, umklammern kann. Bei gezeitenabhängigen Wasserstandsänderungen, bei denen der Ponton 2 vor der Kaimauer 1 auf- und abschwimmt, kann sich der Schiebekörper 13 an der durch die Säule 10 gebildeten Freiführung 7 auf- und abbewegen, wobei die Halteklaue 15 mit dem Haltepunkt 4 in Verbindung bleibt.The vertical free guide 7 formed by the column 10 guides a sliding body 13 to which a bolt 14 is articulated, which is designed here as a fork claw 15 and can clasp the holding point 4, the bollard. In the case of tide-dependent changes in water level, in which the pontoon 2 floats up and down in front of the quay wall 1, the sliding body 13 can move up and down on the free guide 7 formed by the column 10, the holding claw 15 remaining in connection with the stopping point 4.

Gleichartige Schiebeteile 16 und 17 werden auch an den durch die Säulen 8 und 9 gebildeten lotrechten Freiführungen 5 und 6 verschiebbar geführt. Eine zweite waagerecht und parallel zur Längsachse des Pontons 2 ausgerichtete Führung 18 wird durch einen Brückenträger 19 gebildet, der die beiden Schiebeführungen 16 und 17 verbindet. An dem Brückenträger 19 ist ein weiterer Schiebeteil 20 waagerecht verschiebbar geführt, wobei an diesem Schiebekörper wiederum ein als Halteklaue 21 ausgebildeter Riegel 22 angelenkt ist, der an dem Haltepunkt 3, dem Poller, angreift. Mit den Riegeln 14 und 22 ist der Ponton 2 an den Haltepunkten 3 und 4 festgemacht, wobei gezeitenabhängige Wasserstandsänderungen durch die lotrechten Freiführungen 5, 6 und 7 und die daran geführten Schiebekörper 13 und Schiebeteile 16 und 17 ausgeglichen werden.Similar sliding parts 16 and 17 are also slidably guided on the vertical free guides 5 and 6 formed by the columns 8 and 9. A second guide 18 which is aligned horizontally and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pontoon 2 is formed by a bridge support 19 which connects the two sliding guides 16 and 17. A further sliding part 20 is guided horizontally displaceably on the bridge girder 19, a latch 22 designed as a holding claw 21, which engages at the stopping point 3, the bollard, in turn being articulated on this sliding body. The pontoon 2 is fastened to the stops 3 and 4 with the bolts 14 and 22, the tidal water level changes being compensated for by the vertical free guides 5, 6 and 7 and the sliding bodies 13 and sliding parts 16 and 17 guided thereon.

Da ein Ponton 2, insbesondere ein Ponton, der für ein Roro-Umschlagverfahren verwendet werden soll, häufig an unterschiedlichen Einsatzorten festzumachen ist, die Abstände zwischen zwei oder mehreren zueinander benachbarten Haltepunkten 3 und 4 jedoch nicht immer konstant sind, kann die Anpassung an unterschiedliche Abstände durch die waagerechte Führung des Schiebekörpers 20 an dem Brückenträger 19 erfolgen.Since a pontoon 2, in particular a pontoon, which is to be used for a Roro handling process, can often be fixed at different locations, but the distances between two or more adjacent stops 3 and 4 are not always constant, the adaptation to different distances can by the horizontal guidance of the sliding body 20 on the bridge support 19.

Fig. 1 verdeutlicht lediglich den prinzipiellen Aufbau bzw. das Funktionsprinzip der vorbeschriebenen Einrichtung zum Festmachen eines Pontons an einer Kaimauer in tidenabhängigen Gewässern.1 only illustrates the basic structure or the principle of operation of the above-described device for mooring a pontoon to a quay wall in tidal waters.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Seitenansicht der beiden lotrechten Führungen 5 und 6, welche durch die auf dem Deck des Pontons 2 stehenden Säulen 8 und 9 gebildet sind. Die beiden Säulen 8 und 9 sind konstruktiv gleich ausgebildet, wobei zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung die Säule 8 teilweise aufgeschnitten dargestellt ist. Fig. 2 läßt erkennen, wie der waagerechte Brückenträger 19 mit seinen Enden in den Säulen 8 und 9 lotrecht auf- und abbewegbar geführt ist. Der am waagerechten Brückenträger 19 verschiebbar gehaltene Schiebekörper ist wieder mit 20 bezeichnet. Die oberen freien Enden der beiden Säulen 8 und 9 sind aus Stabilitätsgründen mit einem darübergelegten Träger 23 miteinander verbunden. Das Innere jeder Säule 8 und 9 ist, wie bei der Säule 8 dargestellt, als Führungsbahn für je ein Kontergewicht 24 ausgebildet, welches an einem angedeuteten Seil 25 hängt, das über eine obere Umlenkrolle 26 zum in der Säule 8 lotrecht geführten Ende des Brückenträgers 19 geführt ist und dort bei 27 angeschlagen ist. In der Säule 9 ist eine gleiche Anordnung eines Kontergewichtes getroffen, die hier jedoch nicht dargestellt ist.Fig. 2 shows a side view of the two vertical guides 5 and 6, which are formed by the columns 8 and 9 standing on the deck of the pontoon 2. The two columns 8 and 9 are structurally identical, the column 8 being shown partially cut away to simplify the illustration. Fig. 2 shows how the horizontal bridge support 19 is guided with its ends in the columns 8 and 9 vertically up and down. The sliding body which is held displaceably on the horizontal bridge support 19 is again designated by 20. The upper free ends of the two columns 8 and 9 are connected to each other for reasons of stability with a support 23 placed above them. The interior of each column 8 and 9, as shown in the column 8, is designed as a guide track for a counterweight 24 each, which hangs on an indicated rope 25, which via an upper deflection roller 26 leads to the end of the bridge girder 19 which is guided vertically in the column 8 is led and struck there at 27. The same arrangement of a counterweight is made in the column 9, but this is not shown here.

Um Parallellauf der beiden in den Säulen 8 und 9 geführten Enden des Brückenträgers 19 zu gewährleisten, ist bei 28 am linken Ende des waagerechten Brückenträgers 19 ein weiteres Seil 29 angeschlagen, welches über eine im Fußbereich der Säule 8 befindliche Umlenkrolle 30 zur rechten Säule 9 verläuft und mit dem unteren Ende des in der Säule 9 geführten, nicht weiter dargestellten Kontergewichtes für das rechte Ende des Brückenträgers 19 verbunden ist. Ebenso ist das rechte Ende des Brückenträgers 19 über ein in gleicher Weise geführtes Seil 31, welches über entsprechende Umlenkrollen verläuft, von denen hier lediglich die der rechten Säule 8 zugeordnete untere Umlenkrolle 32 sichtbar ist, mit dem Kontergewicht 24 verbunden, das in der rechten Säule 8 geführt ist.In order to ensure parallel running of the two ends of the bridge girder 19 guided in the columns 8 and 9, a further rope 29 is attached to the left end of the horizontal bridge girder 19, which runs over a deflection roller 30 located in the foot region of the column 8 to the right column 9 and is connected to the lower end of the counterweight for the right end of the bridge girder 19 which is guided in the column 9 and which is not shown in detail. Likewise, the right end of the bridge girder 19 is connected to the counterweight 24 via a rope 31 which is guided in the same way and which runs over corresponding deflection rollers, of which only the lower deflection roller 32 assigned to the right column 8 is visible, that in the right column 8 is performed.

In Fig. 3 ist eine schematische Draufsicht der Fig. 2 dargestellt. Gleiche Bauteile sind mit gleichen Bezugszahlen bezeichnet. Fig. 3 läßt erkennen, daß der waagerechte Brückenträger 19 in lotrechten Führungsbahnen der Säulen 8 und 9 mit endseitig angeordneten, eingesetzten Gleitsteinen 33 und 34 geführt ist. Der Schiebekörper 20, der am waagerechten Brückenträger hin- und herbewegbar geführt ist, hat eine zur Landseite des Pontons gerichtete Ausladung, wobei an seinem freien Ende über ein Gelenk 35 ein Riegel 22 angelenkt ist, der, wie hier angedeutet, als doppelte Halteklaue 21 ausgebildet ist, die an einen hier nicht sichtbaren Doppelkopfpoller ansetzbar ist. Mit 36 und 37 sind als Laschen ausgebildete Gabelmaulsperren bezeichnet. Die Laschen sind über Bolzen 38 und 39 schwenkbar an den jeweils äußeren Maulbacken der Gabelklaue 21 angeordnet. Durch Steckbolzen 40 und 41 oder dergleichen Arretierungselemente kann jede Gabelmaulsperre in der dargestellten Position festgesetzt werden, um den Riegel 22 mit einem Haltepunkt, z.B. einem Doppelkopfpoller, zu verriegeln.FIG. 3 shows a schematic top view of FIG. 2. The same components are labeled with the same reference numbers. Fig. 3 shows that the horizontal bridge support 19 is guided in vertical guideways of the columns 8 and 9 with inserted sliding blocks 33 and 34 arranged at the ends. The sliding body 20, which is guided back and forth on the horizontal bridge girder, has a projection directed towards the land side of the pontoon, a bolt 22 being articulated at its free end via a joint 35, which, as indicated here, is designed as a double holding claw 21 which can be attached to a double-headed bollard that is not visible here. 36 and 37 designate fork mouth locks. The tabs are pivotally arranged on bolts 38 and 39 on the respective outer jaws of the fork claw 21. By means of plug pins 40 and 41 or similar locking elements, each fork mouth lock can be fixed in the position shown in order to secure the bolt 22 with a stop, e.g. a double-headed bollard to lock.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht der lotrechten Freiführung 7, die auf dem Ponton 2 im Bereich seines Endes 12 steht und diese Seite des Pontons (Fig. 1) vor der Kaimauer 1 hält. Die Säule 10 wird vom Schiebekörper 13 umfaßt, der ebenso wie der Schiebekörper 20 ausgebildet ist (Fig. 3) und einen als Gabelklaue 15 ausgebildeten Riegel 14 trägt. Bei tidenabhängigen Änderungen der Schwimmlage des Pontons 2 gegenüber der Kaimauer kann sich der Schiebekörper 13 entlang der Säule 10 frei auf- und abverschieben, wobei sich die Position des Pontons 2 gegenüber der Kaimauer 1 nicht ändert, da der Ponton mit seinen Riegeln 14 und 22 an den Haltepunkten 3 und 4 auf der Kaimauer fesgelegt ist (Fig. 1).FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the vertical free guide 7, which stands on the pontoon 2 in the region of its end 12 and holds this side of the pontoon (FIG. 1) in front of the quay wall 1. The column 10 is encompassed by the sliding body 13 which, like the sliding body 20, is designed (FIG. 3) and carries a latch 14 designed as a fork claw 15. In the event of tide-dependent changes in the floating position of the pontoon 2 relative to the quay wall, the sliding body 13 can freely move up and down along the column 10, the position of the pontoon 2 relative to the quay wall 1 not changing, since the pontoon with its bolts 14 and 22 is on the stops 3 and 4 on the quay wall is fixed (Fig. 1).

Fig. 5 zeigt noch einmal eine schematische Draufsicht auf die Säule 10 mit daran geführtem Schiebekörper 13. Gleiche Bauteile sind mit gleichen Bezugszahlen bezeichnet. Der Riegel 14 ist, wie auch in Fig. 3 dargestellt, als doppelte Gabelklaue ausgebildet, wobei wiederum Gabelmaulsperren vorgesehen sind.FIG. 5 again shows a schematic plan view of the column 10 with the sliding body 13 guided thereon. The same components are identified by the same reference numbers. The bolt 14, as also shown in FIG. 3, is designed as a double fork claw, again with fork jaw locks.

Fig. 5 läßt erkennen, daß der Schiebekörper 13 in Bereichen seiner Führungsflächen an der Säule 10 mehrere Gleitelemente 44 aufweist, die als auswechselbare Verschleißteile ausgebildet sind. Bei leichteren Konstruktionen können die Gleitelemente 44 auch durch Rollelemente ersetzt werden.Fig. 5 shows that the sliding body 13 in the region of its guide surfaces on the column 10 has a plurality of sliding elements 44 which are designed as replaceable wear parts. In the case of lighter constructions, the sliding elements 44 can also be replaced by rolling elements.

Claims (14)

1. A floating apparatus, such as a pontoon or the like, with a device for its fastening, in tide-dependant waters, onto at least two onland mooring points, such as mooring posts or the like, the fastening device having at least two bolts (14, 22) which extend towards the land and can be brought into an operative connection with a mooring point (3, 4) in each case and a vertical free guiding device (5, 6, 7) for each bolt (14, 22) being provided, characterized in that at least one of the two bolts (22) is in addition held, by means of a second guiding device (18), so as to be displaceable horizontally and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the floating apparatus (2).
2. An apparatus in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the second guiding device (18) comprises a horizontal bridging beam (19) which is held at the end in vertical free guiding devices (5, 6) and on which at least one bolt (22) is guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable.
3. An apparatus in accordance with Claim 1 and 2, characterized in that each vertical free guiding device (5, 6, 7) is an upright (8, 9, 10) standing on the apparatus (2).
4. An apparatus in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the apparatus has, at one end (12) and at the aide facing the land, an upright (10) as a vertical free guiding device for a bolt (14), and in that in the region of its other end (11) in each case, the apparatus has two uprights (8, 9) each of which is a vertical free guiding device (5, 6) for one end of the horizontal bridging beam (19) on which the second bolt (22) is held so as to be horizontally displaceable, these uprights standing side-by-side at a predetermined distance from one another.
5. An apparatus in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each bolt (14, 22) is arranged on a sliding body (13, 20) held so as to be longitudinally displaceable on the guiding device (7, 18) associated with the bar in each case.
6. An apparatus in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each guiding device (7, 18) has a cross-sectional shape deviating from the circular shape, preferably a square shape.
7. An apparatus in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each sliding body (13, 20) has gliding elements (44) in the region of its guide surfaces.
8. An apparatus in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each sliding body (13, 20) has rolling elements in the area of its guide surfaces.
9. An apparatus in accordance with any one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that each bolt (14, 22) is constructed as a forked claw (15, 21) borne by the sliding body (13, 20) and having a forked-jaw blocking devices (36, 37) which can be put into operation.
10. An apparatus in accordance with any one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that each vertically guided end of the bridging beam (19) is connected to a counterweight (24) associated therewith in each case.
11. An apparatus in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the sliding body (13) of the vertically guided bolt (14) is connected to a counterweight guided in the upright (10).
12. An apparatus in accordance with any one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that a synchronizing device is associated with the vertically guided ends of the bridging beam (19).
13. An apparatus in accordance with Claim 12, characterized in that the synchronizing device comprises cables (29, 31) which are made fast at each end of the bridging beam and which, via deflection rollers (30, 32), run towards a fastening point on the counterweight of the other end of the bridging beam (19) in the instance in question.
14. An apparatus in accordance with Claim 12, characterized in that the synchronizing device comprises vertical toothing on each free guiding device (5, 6) of the bridging beam, with which toothings there mesh pinions which are mounted on the ends of the bridging beam (19) and are on a common axis.
EP88116636A 1987-10-10 1988-10-07 Device for shore-side mooring a floating body e.g. pontoon in tidal waters Expired - Lifetime EP0318678B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3734309 1987-10-10
DE19873734309 DE3734309A1 (en) 1987-10-10 1987-10-10 FLOATING DEVICE, LIKE PONTON OR THE LIKE, WITH A FIXING DEVICE IN TIDENDEPENDENT WATERS AT LANDSCAPE STOP POINTS

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EP0318678A1 EP0318678A1 (en) 1989-06-07
EP0318678B1 true EP0318678B1 (en) 1991-08-21

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JP2869017B2 (en) * 1994-12-27 1999-03-10 アスモ株式会社 Vehicle wiper device
US20100252376A1 (en) 2009-04-02 2010-10-07 Ford Global Technologies Llc Vehicle Braking Assembly
ES2411977B1 (en) 2011-12-07 2014-02-06 Agustin Javier SALAS GARCIA URBAN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

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GB2069954A (en) * 1980-02-22 1981-09-03 Navire Cargo Gear Int Ab A mooring device
NO155504C (en) * 1980-07-14 1987-04-08 Navire Cargo Gear Int Ab DEVICE FOR AA HOLDING A PONGTONG IN POSITION.

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DE3864387D1 (en) 1991-09-26
GR3002849T3 (en) 1993-01-25

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