DE1556472A1 - Container cargo ship - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS

HELMUT SCHROETER KLAUS LEHMANN 1556472

DlPL-PHYS. D IPL.-I N G. β MÖNCHEN 35 · LI POWS KYSTH. IO =

our sign; meu-4 7 / to

Date »: 26.1.68

Pieter Meeueen, Achterzeedijk 1, Barendrecht / Netherlands CONTAINER PRACHTSCHIPP

The invention relates to a container cargo ship Containers and holds for dewing up and determining the loading » holder"

A container cargo ship of this type is known among other things. see the publications on * Lautoviok-Syeta «. Well the · «· System, the containers are loaded through a loading gate « being brought to the various decks over a loading bridge “the adjustable height has” aa quay arranged is and owns sponsor.

A disadvantage of the ·· »syst · ** lies in the * dl · loading port not spanning the full breadth of the ship. Another disadvantage is that the BcMff is only loaned in Hfan Can “ground” in which “poultry” loading bridges are Toa.

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00 that it is practically hardly possible in a small port occasionally take a smaller number of containers on board. The absence of charging cards can also be a severe disadvantage in fire and other emergencies.

Another well-known system is the pallet ship published by Markussen. Participate in this system A pallet lift is provided in a loading shaft and equipped with a taxiway, which is connected to the sloh taxiways across the shipyard in every 2wisohendeok. The pallets are off the runways lifted with the help of pallet trucks or pallet trucks, transported in transverse and longitudinal directions and then through the same Worker stowed the cargo space.

A disadvantage of this system is that »the pallets are not can be arranged in a straight line and not in Lan * · - and transverse direction can be moved by movable conveyors. As a result, there is a loss of time since the correct one Connection missing. 2un container transport is this system * practical unusable.

The invention addresses the disadvantages mentioned above

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and a simple and economical container freight ship can be created. According to the invention, this is done by « that the upper deck of the ship is provided with a loading hatch which extends essentially over the entire width of the ship «Or with several hatches, the sum of the widths these hatches are essentially the same size as or larger than the overall width of the ship, and that in holds Longitudinal conveyors are arranged over essentially the entire width of the ship and the container from the loading hatch to be stowed below deck along the holds.

In the case of small container ships with only one loading level on the floor, the containers are placed directly on the cargo hold conveyor be set. You can even put several containers on top of each other, although the number is limited because of the great pressure on the bottom container. In Hegel you can't more than two Containers are stacked so that for Larger ships require several loading days.

Recently, ships were also built in which the containers placed directly in the cargo hold by cranes so that they can only be stowed vertically.

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For this purpose, the upper deck has to be practically completely open be, that is, it bus · have loading hatches that are calibrated as far as possible. Extend in the lungs and transverse directions. The LHngsfestigkelt, to which the upper deck normally contributes, is in these Trap achieved in a different way, which causes considerable difficulties in large areas.

It is to be expected that in the future not only general cargo, but for loose bulk goods, especially liquids, furthermore wagons etc. are increasingly being transported in containers, which means that the Reduction of transport costs due to the invention special becomes important. This can be especially the case when the container ships, as well as ships for bulk and loose cargo Tankers are getting bigger and bigger because of the cost of sea transport per ton mile decrease significantly.

For this purpose, the compartments may be provided with a number of conveyors, one above the other are arranged in the loading floors and en the charging slots are interrupted in a further embodiment of the invention wherein an intermediate conveyor or several of them in a Ladesohacht in each cargo floor for

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transfer the container to be provided on the cargo hold conveyor can.

The intermediate conveyors can be used on the various loading levels Help A Crane Be Installed Or They Can Be Installed In Anyone Loading floor to be arranged to be foldable. In this case it will However, the crane operator's overview is impaired if the containers are placed on the intermediate conveyor deep in the hold should. In addition, the loading and unloading of the containers with the help of the crane is a very important aspect, because the total loading and unloading time of the ship depends on it. It is of the utmost economic importance that this time be made as short as possible. Since the lifting height is twice must be walked and great care must be taken to set a container deep in the hull, it is very advantageous to when the ship is built in such a way that the containers can be removed from the crane can be set down at deck level or lifted off deck level. Faster loading and unloading can then be achieved for what only one man in the crane house and one man in the ship required are.

For this purpose, the intermediate conveyors are preferably used with a Lift or several attached «the« loh la loading shop; lot « can move right.

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During loading, the lift is at deck level, and simple means ensure that the crane operator can move the containers can be deposited in the correct position on the intermediate conveyors. The disengagement is done from the crane. As soon as the lift platform is fully loaded, it moves down Ln the desired Loading floor in which all containers are transferred from the intermediate conveyors to the loading bay conveyor at the same time The crane can continue this work step without interruption to load another lift platform. Need for this purpose not all containers are of the same length. However, it should be the pail with every single lift load. The containers are first placed on the intermediate conveyors following the previous one Charge brought. Then they are transported together with this into the loading space until the last congainer leaves the lift Then comes the next load and so on. The lungs of the Container is therefore irrelevant. If the loading area is narrowed due to the shape of the ship, individual loader conveyors must be used shorter. This is not a disadvantage since some containers can initially be placed on longer loading bay conveyors until the L size difference is eliminated and the The entire lift load is then conveyed to the loading floor at the same time can be. Zua Löaohen graze the work processes in the

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reversed order carried out. The deletion time can be considerable can be shortened, as the containers are first brought to deck by the lift and then quickly by a crane or several of which can be removed.

The installation of conventional lifts with ropes and winch drives in the loading bay can lead to difficulties with a container freight port. When changing the rope length can it can happen «that the lift platform kit interferes with the conveyor *! no connection at the same height with the load area conveyors Separate heavy containers leaving the loading platform or on it be pushed up. In addition, the Windenaiitrlebe can Deck represent obstacles for the containers in the deck cargo.

To overcome these disadvantages, the lift can have a platform that carries several driven gears, these with toothed racks, in particular pin bars, which are built into the lift shaft. The gears can be arranged by an aci lift, for example in a machine room the lift housed drive device, are driven.

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With a container freight ship, a lift of this type has the advantage that the platform is rigidly supported and precisely on every loading floor can be stopped.

Depending on the size of the container ship and the requirements « which are provided by the certification offices can be a A large number of watertight rooms may be required.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the ship can be designed for this purpose in such a way that the ship with several Longitudinally watertight bulkheads are provided that Ladeschäohte with deokgleiohen hatch cover ^ between the ship's skin and the next inner bulkhead as well as between the bulkheads are provided and each extend over the entire width of a loading space, and that the loading bays so against each other are offset so that the longitudinal stilts of the upper deck are not interrupted by the loading bays.

The loading floors can also be separated from each other by watertight decks, while the intermediate conveyors are in this pallet the watertight tween deck hatch covers can be attached. Although this form of construction is used in larger ships

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not recommended, it may be more economical for smaller vessels be, au example of ships with only one tween deck, whereby the lifts can be omitted. This benefit could be occasional outweigh the disadvantage of a longer loading tent and that of the extra necessary drive means for moving the center deck hatches and the intermediate conveyor.

In conventional cargo ships it is common to be watertight Transverse bulkheads should be used, but this should be restricted as far as possible to the required number of loading bays »Watertight longitudinal bulkheads and watertight tween deck hatch covers, however, are not an obstacle as they generally meet the requirements of the classification bureaus correspond·

Xn further development of the invention can meet the requirements the watertightness can also be extended to the containers.

For this purpose, the watertight rooms required for safety can be achieved by waaserdioht the container be waterproofed and provided with watertight doors that can be locked will.

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Although the containers then become a bit more expensive «the ship can can be produced at a lower cost, since In this case the watertight rooms and false ceiling can be omitted.

The ship can have support brackets to hold such containers, the under mutual spacing of the container width or a multiple of this width are arranged and by cross members at container height or a multiple thereof are connected, while the »girders in the longitudinal direction by frames connected by length conveyors, these parts together form a spatial framework that gives the ship great strength and gives shape retention.

Am ship with such a spatial framework can be under can be produced at a much lower cost. Between decks and bulkheads are then superfluous, and the upper decks bit smaller cargo hatches can accordingly be made easier and cheaper. be guided. Thanks to the compact support, the ship can accommodate a large number of containers. The charging bays old floor-level and hydraulically operated hatch dowels make the container freight ship · very suitable for the transport of

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Containers as deck cargo.

Although containers with a completely flat bottom are conceivable « they are usually made with reinforcement ribs and Equipped corner stiffeners that can be conveyed via taxiways hinder. In any case, taxiways are very expensive, especially because of the shafts and bearings for the rollers.

Therefore, the ship should preferably be shipped with cheaper and more suitable ones Conveyors are equipped.

For this purpose, the intermediate conveyor and the cargo area conveyor have several frames «which are provided with guide rails at the top and bottom and driven and idle sprockets wear at their ends to · run the chains, with the Chains have long plate-like links and sledges between the plate members »which are shaped to fit into run along the guide rails and support the upper and lower run of the conveyor.

Although all conveyors are provided with separate drives can, the drive can according to a development of the invention

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be made more advantageous.

For this purpose, driven sprockets can be attached to the intermediate conveyors be arranged on a drive shaft or several thereof, the shafts being driven by one or more drive devices are driven, which are preferably arranged on the lift, and wherein the shafts have a drive gear or several to have. The drive shafts of the loading space conveyor are with gear wheels provided, to which movable coupling gears are assigned which are moved into the air shaft in such a way can that they automatically into the drive gears. the drive shafts of the intermediate conveyor intervene when the lift arrives on the corresponding loading floor. .

Because all cargo area conveyors are operated by the lift or lifts can be, not only the investment cost is lowered, but the control device is simplified, and there will be maintenance costs are reduced.

Furthermore, a sole conveyor is more advantageous for a ship as a runway, since the chain drive of a runway is always on has some play, so that the container because of the ship's movements must be secured very strongly in the longitudinal direction. Before-

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Preferably, the containers are held seaworthy by the fact that daa ship is equipped with old locking devices to which Solenoids belong to one or both of the rare each Loading shelves are provided, as well as levers «which are elastic with the Supports or other parts of the spatial framework connected are so that the rails in the longitudinal direction with the help of a or so moved without a centrally controlled drive device can be that the rails, for example, if they are pulled against the direction of entry of the container, from the Levers are pressed against the container. As a result, they are firmly connected to the ship and offer resistance. displacements due to ship movements.

Containers, which are connected to the ship in this way, form to a certain extent a ship with a large number of small watertight rooms. Are the containers loaded, for example filled with Liquids or with bulk goods, and well secured, so exists no risk of the cargo forgetting if that Ship has a strong list. A container cargo ship according to the invention is therefore less likely to suddenly capsize, as bulk carriers and other ships. Vehicles for the demand of special cargoes or ships with deep tanks, KQhIrMuMn

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etc. can by a Contalnerfraehteohlff according to the invention be replaced, which is, however, equipped with old containers «which are adapted to the freight to be transported.

Sohllesslioh the loading and unloading as well as the approach and departure of the containers at Löaohkai can be carried out faster, when a container ship according to the invention is used. Because it is possible »to load and unload with the same crane delete, so that the unloaded crane is essentially idling is avoided. For this purpose, only one loading floor per loading space can initially be released. Once this is done the lift can return with a load of containers that are retracted into the loading floor that has already been emptied. The bringing and the removal of containers by the crane is carried out in the same catfish. The crane can hold one or more containers from the lift to the quay and bring one or more containers back from the quay to the lift and put them on the straight Put down the vacated space. The crane therefore carries payload in both directions. The same goes for Huokepaok vehicles, that move the containers between the quay and the container terminal. The extinguishing station under the crane can be in dl "Ma Trap to be divided in half. In one half of the

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The Huckepaok vehicles bring the containers to be loaded (for example, as close as possible to the ship) and out the other half they bring back containers that were unloaded from the ship by the crane and bring them to the container terminal. This transport is also much cheaper in this way.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is given below with reference to described in the drawing.

Fig. 1 is a horizontal section through a container load » ship.

Fig. 2 is a corresponding one

Pig. 3 is a corresponding cross-section.

Fig. 4 is a lim; ^ section through a lift platform with a Between fflräeroi * and through a piece of a laäerau conveyor both @ lts des

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through a © lift platform two of which are rare, each in pieces eia © 2 »Laöeetage with one ! j & daumförderer is visible »

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Flg. 6 is a top view of the lift platform with an intermediate conveyor and on both sides of it parts of the loading space conveyor.

Pig * 7 1st a perpendicular cut through the lift

Flg. 8 is a rare view of a coupling device between an intermediate conveyor and a loading area conveyor.

Fig. 9 is a cross-section through a guide rail "one Houses the carriage of the chain conveyor.

Fig. 10 is a side view of part of a plate chain conveyor with built-in slide.

Fig. 11 is a related plan view.

Fig. 12 is a cross-section through part of a container with a locking or clamping device.

Fig. 15 is a top plan view of the locking or clamping device. FIG. 14 is a variant of FIG. 9.

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Vach Pig. 1 through three longitudinal sohots 1 four cargo holds 2 educated. A loading bay 3 is provided within each loading space, in which a lift 4 is arranged, which is provided with conveyors 5. «These conveyors are hereinafter referred to as" intermediate conveyors " called. The containers 6 are placed on the intermediate conveyor and are then connected to the cargo hold conveyor 7 in transported the cargo space. During this operation, the intermediate conveyors 5 are coupled to the loading space conveyors 7, see above that with each lift loading the container 6 is around a con » move the container length further. The charging slots jj, viewed together, span the entire breadth of the ship, but without the strength " the ability of the upper deck to weaken in its longitudinal direction, as they are offset from one another.

Then in FIG. 2, the intermediate conveyor are of the lift 4 with two layers of containers 6 loaded 5 so that the intermediate conveyor cooperating with them loading conveyors 7 can be connected in any position floor 8 _m it so that the container 6 by the intermediate conveyors in the associated loading floor 8 can be transported.

Like Flg. 3 shows the loading shelves 8 are supported by guide rails

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formed on the supported by connecting piece 11 cross members IO rest. These parts together form a spatial framework within which the container 6 is stowed and anchored in a sea-going manner will.

Like Pig. 4 shows, the intermediate conveyor 5 of the lift 4 has chains 12 made of leather in the form of long plates. These are old Carriages or runners that run in guide rails 9 are provided. The chains are driven by sprockets J? driven whose Drive device in a machine room 14 within the Lifts 4 is housed and both sides can be connected to the loading area conveyors 7 to drive them. The cargo space conveyor can also be plate-like and have slides or runners that are in the guide rails 9 to run.

Like Flg. 5 and 6 show the lift has 4 gears 13, the / on a drive device housed in machine room 14 are driven. The gears 13 driven in this way also knew Pin bars or toothed racks 17 ″ oegen wheels 18 are opposite the gears 15 are provided and are used for PQhrung and for » take the pressure off. La Masohlnenraun 14 is also the drive device 19 provided for the intermediate conveyor 5, des-

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sen drive sprockets 13 together duroh drive spindles are connected. A gear 21 is attached to this. This gear 21 automatically meshes with a clutch gear 22, when this on the »gear 23 of the cargo hold conveyor 7 in function occurs. These catfish can be seen by the cargo space handlers from the lift operate.

The guide rails 9 are clearly shown in Pig. 7 shown where besides the engagement of the driven gears 15 in the Racks 17 is shown.

As shown in FIG. 8 £ @ IGT, 1st the Xupplungszahnrad 22 nit means of a pivotable coupling Egli @ ö © a 2h αύ.% UQM lotesrad 23 ^ © rbunden. A hydraulic cylinder 25 can bring the clutch gear 22 into such a position that it automatically engages the gear 21 when the lift 4 has come into a corresponding position.

Pig «9 shows a plate chain 12 in cross section. The ones mentioned above Carriages are denoted by 26 and run in the guide rail 9.

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The carriages 26 are, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, in Abstän which is arranged on the plate chain 22 »

As Pig · 12 and IJ show, the containers 6 are in their position Clamped seaworthy by means of rails 27 which are articulated and elastically connected to the supports 11 by levers.

Pig. Ik shows a variant of PIg ₀ 9 «The carriages 9.6 are arranged on the sides of the plate chain 12, and the guide rail 9 is replaced by a sole section 29» which prevents the accumulation of dirt «

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Claims (12)

-21- meu-4 PATENT CLAIMS (1)) Containerfrac.htschif f with containers and holds for Stowing and plaguing the containers, thereby g e Ic e η η - shows that the upper deck of the ship is provided with a -Jk cargo hatch, which extends essentially over the greatest width of the ship, or with several cargo hatches (5), the sum of the widths of these hatches is essentially the same as Or larger let ale the overall width of the ship, and that in holds (2) LMngaf conveyors (7) are arranged over essentially the entire width of the ship and convey the containers from the loading hatch for stowing below deck along the holds. 2) Container cargo ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the holds (2) are arranged one above the other, that conveyors (7) are provided in a corresponding number of loading floors and are interrupted by loading boxes (3), and that one intermediate conveyor (5) or several can be brought into each loading floor. 0 0 9811/0236 3) Contalnerfraohtsohiff according to claim 2, characterized in that the loading hatches (}) in the longitudinal direction of the Ships are arranged offset against each other 4) container freight ship according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the intermediate conveyor (5) on a lift (4) arranged inside the loading bay is vertically movable. 5) Container freight ship that is equipped with containers or set up to accommodate them, characterized in that there are longitudinally brazed cargo spaces (2) for Stowing the container on different loading levels of the ship means that the holds run lengthways de conveyors (7), and that the ship has one or more loading bays (3), each of which has a lift (4) is equipped, which is used to raise and lower the container within the shaft to the height of a selected loading space is used, and that the lift has a conveyor (5) which is so designed and arranged, that he is assigned a Lederaueförderer (7) sur transferring the container from the lift to this loading space conveyor can. 00981 1/0236 6) Container ship according to claim 4 or 5 *, characterized in that the lift has a platform Has gears (15) with racks (17) * in particular Pin rods, cooperate, and that the toothed or pin rods for raising and lowering the platform in the shaft are arranged * 7) Container cargo ship according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ship is provided with several longitudinally directed watertight bulkheads (1) »that loading shafts (ji) with hatch caps with the same cover between the hull and the next inner longitudinal bulkhead (1) and between the longitudinal bulkheads ( .1) are provided and each extend over the entire width of the hold, and that the loading compartments are offset from one another in such a way that the longitudinal rigidity of the upper deck is not interrupted by the loading compartments. 8) container cargo ship according to claim 1, 2 or j5 * thereby gekennze 1 c h η e t that the loading floors from each other are separated by watertight decks., and that the intermediate = conveyor attached to the watertight intermediate decks are. ^009811/0236 9) Container freight ship according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the watertight rooms required for security reasons thereby it can be achieved that the containers are watertight and are provided with watertight closable doors. 10) Container cargo ship according to at least one of claims 7 to 7 / characterized in that the loading space nozzle (11) are attached in the ship at intervals of the container width or a multiple thereof that the supports are mutually spaced by cross beams (10) at the container height or multiples thereof, and that the cross members are connected to one another in the longitudinal direction by frames or brackets for the hold conveyor (7), whereby a spatial framework is formed which gives the ship strength and dimensional stability * 11) Container cargo ship according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the L & cleraura conveyor (7) and the intermediate conveyor (5) have frames which are provided with guide rails (9) at the top and bottom and at one end with drive sprockets (13) and at the other end with idle sprockets, and that the conveyor chains with long plate links in between 00981 1/0236 -25- meu-4 and with transversely arranged carriages (26), the shape of which is adapted to that of the guide rails (9). 12) Containerfrachtsehlff according to claim 11, characterized in that the driven sprockets of the Intermediate conveyor one or more common drive shafts as well as one or more drive devices to drive them, which are housed on the lift that the shafts (20) with one or more drive gears (21) are that the drive shafts of the loading space conveyor are also provided with drive gears (2J), and that movable Coupling gears (22) are provided which can be inserted into the lift section (5) in such a way that they are automatically inserted into the drive gears of the drive shafts of the intermediate conveyor intervene when the lift reaches the relevant loading floor. Ip) container cargo ship according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the holds (2) with rails (27) for the incoming Containers are provided which are designed and arranged in such a way that they clamp the container when it moves backwards. 0098 11/02 36 Container freight ship according to claim IJ, characterized in that it has locking devices which Ifings-oriented rails (27) have that the rails on one or both sides of each hold are provided that the locking devices also have levers (28) which are elastically connected to the supports (11) or other components of the ship, that the rails (27) in a longitudinal direction with the help of or without a centrally controlled drive device can be moved in any way, so that when the rails are moved «in particular, the Lever (28) press the rails (27) against the container, which connects it to the ship so that it is seaworthy. 009811/0236 Blank page