EP0318264A1 - Container-Verladekran - Google Patents

Container-Verladekran Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0318264A1
EP0318264A1 EP88311078A EP88311078A EP0318264A1 EP 0318264 A1 EP0318264 A1 EP 0318264A1 EP 88311078 A EP88311078 A EP 88311078A EP 88311078 A EP88311078 A EP 88311078A EP 0318264 A1 EP0318264 A1 EP 0318264A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
beams
trolley
container
rails
gantry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88311078A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel A. Hanafin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0318264A1 publication Critical patent/EP0318264A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C19/00Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries
    • B66C19/002Container cranes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a travelling container crane.
  • the width of such containers has been standardisesd at 8 or 8.5 feet, and their height is generally 8 feet also, although some 4 foot "half-height" containers are used and sometimes the height may be 9 or 9.5 feet.
  • the great majority of cargo containers used in international trade have a length of either 20 feet or 40 feet, although there are small numbers of containers with lengths of 35, 45 and 48 feet.
  • a special type of crane known as a travelling container crane
  • This is a type of crane comprising a mobile gantry mounted for sideways movement on rails fixed in or to the ground, a beam supported by and extending horizontally from the gantry in a direction perpendicular to the direction of motion of the gantry, a mobile trolley supported under the beam on rails fixed to the beam for to-and-fro movement of the trolley along the beam on the beam rails, and a hoistable container-lifting device ("spreader") suspended from the trolley.
  • the hoist itself may be mounted on the trolley or located in a machinery house carried on the rearward portion of the beam.
  • the present invention is especially concerned with ship-to-shore or quayside cranes, of the type where the gantry is of generally arched configuration having two front and two rear legs respectively which travel on the fixed ground rails, and where the beam extends at least under the front (or seaward side) of the arch, i.e. between the tops of the front two legs, and usually also projects beyond the rear (or landward side) of the arch, i.e. from between the rear two legs.
  • the portion of the beam forwardly of the arch i.e. the portion which extends out over the edge of the quayside
  • a derrick boom which can be raised from its horizontal position to provide clearance to allow the docking of ships to be unloaded and vice versa.
  • LO-LO lift-on, lift-off
  • the quayside travelling crane is arranged for sideways motion along the quayside, i.e. parallel to the axes of the containers in the vessel, so that the beam extends out over the cargo hold in which the containers are stowed in a direction perpendicular to the container axes.
  • the containers are usually stowed in the vessel in such a manner that containers of the same length (usually 20 foot or 40 foot long) are located in alignment side-by-side in adjacent rows across the width of the ship, i.e. perpendicular to their own axes and to the axis of the ship, so forming a rectangular matrix or "layer" of containers, there being a number of such layers superimposed upon one another.
  • the quayside crane To unload a ship so loaded with containers, the quayside crane is moved to a position with its beam located centrally over one of the rows of containers, the trolley is moved to a position directly over a container to be unloaded, and the container hoist is lowered for fixing to the container by means of the spreader.
  • the container is lifted clear of the other containers and any other obstructions, and the trolley is moved rearwardly along the beam rails until it is directly over, for example, a truck or railway wagon located on the quay (usually within the area of the gantry between the quayside rails).
  • the trolley is normally controlled by an operator situated in a cabin attached to the rear of the trolley for good visibility of the cargo container at all times.
  • the gantry legs usually run on the ground rails be means of a system of rocker beams, wheel bogies and wheels, the rocker beams ensuring an equal distribution of the cumulative vertical loading of the crane between the various wheels.
  • a typical large container crane has 8 wheels per leg, and it is the distance apart of the outermost ends of the rocker beams and bogies which determines the overall width of the gantry.
  • two side-by-side cranes can only work every fourth row of 20 foot containers or every second row of 40 foot containers at the same time.
  • the present invention provides a travelling container crane of the kind comprising a mobile gantry mounted for sideways movement on fixed ground rails, a beam supported by and extending horizontally from the gantry in a direction perpendicular to the direction of motion of the gantry, a mobile trolley supported under the beam on rails fixed to the beam for to-and-fro movement of the trolley along the beam on the beam rails, and a hoistable container-lifting device suspended from the trolley, wherein at least two parallel beams are provided supported in spaced apart side-by-side relationship by the gantry, each beam having a respective mobile trolley and associated hoistable container-lifting device.
  • the advantage of the invention is that by providing two beams on a common gantry, these can be located closer together than two beams on the gantries of two separate cranes, so that with suitable beam spacing alternate rows of 20 foot containers and adjacent rows of 40 foot containers can be worked simultaneously by a single crane.
  • a third mobile trolley and associated spreader is supported between the two beams on further rails fixed to the two beams, whereby the third trolley may move to and fro along the space between the beams on the said further rails.
  • this arrangement will permit three adjacent rows of 20 foot containers to be worked simultaneously by the single crane or, as before, two adjacent rows of 40 foot containers.
  • a further advantage is that if one trolley is subject to mechanical or other breakdown, there will still be at least one operative trolley.
  • the second operator cabin may alternatively be fixed to the gantry structure.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to quayside cranes, and therefore it is additionally preferred that the gantry is of generally arched configuration having two front and two rear legs respectively which travel on the fixed ground rails, wherein the beams extend at least under the front of the arch and preferably also project beyond the rear of the arch, and wherein the portion of each beam forwardly of the arch is a derrick boom which can be raised from its horizontal position to provide clearance to allow the docking of ships to be unloaded and vice versa.
  • the crane drive and control mechanisms are not shown, but they may be of conventional design and their adaptation to the embodiment shown would not present any great difficulty for the person skilled in the art.
  • they are usually electro-mechanical with either solid state or Ward Leonard speed regulation.
  • Power supply to the crane may be by diesel generator or conductor rails or may be taken from the port's mains supply and fed to the crane by a flexible cable which is reeled/unreeled on a cable reeling drum on the crane. Power is distributed to the individual trolleys by further flexible cables which "concertina" along the length of the beams.
  • the crane comprises a mobile gantry 10 of generally arched configuration, having two front legs 11 and two rear legs 12, and various bracing and cross members 13.
  • the gantry 10 is adapted for sideways movement on a pair of rails fixed in or to the ground parallel to the quayside 15 ( Figure 2), only the rail 14 most remote from the quayside 15 being shown.
  • the front legs 11 travel on the rail (not shown) nearest the quayside 15, while the rear legs 12 travel on the rail 14 furthest from the quayside.
  • the gantry legs 11 and 12 run on the ground rails by means of a system of rocker beams, wheel bogies and wheels.
  • rocker beams wheel bogies and wheels.
  • wheels are not shown in the Figures for simplicity and because they may be of generally conventional construction, except that there would typically need to be ten to sixteen wheels per leg rather than the conventional eight in order to carry the extra weight.
  • Two parallel beams 16 and 17 are supported by and extend side-by-side horizontally from the gantry 10 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of sideways motion of the gantry.
  • the beams 16 and 17 extend under the cross member 13′ joining the tops of the front legs 11, fully through the arched gantry 10, and finally to emerge from under the cross member 13 ⁇ joining the tops of the rear legs 12 to project beyond the rear of the arch.
  • each beam forwardly of the arched gantry 10 is a derrick boom which can be raised from the horizontal position shown to a nearly vertical position to provide clearance for masts, etc. to allow the docking of ships to be unloaded and vice versa.
  • the derrick booms i.e. the forward portions of the beams 16 and 17, rotate upwardly about the hinge points 18 and 19 respectively during "derricking". However, during normal operation they are maintained horizontal by holding arms 20 attached to A-frames 21.
  • the beams are approximately 20 feet in width in this embodiment, and are spaced apart by the same distance. However, in order to accomodate the side-shift to be described with reference to Figure 6, the width of the beams would need to be increased by an amount which depends on the length of side-shift required.
  • Each beam 16 and 17 forms a runway for a respective mobile trolley 22 and 23 supported under the beam on two rails fixed longitudinally on the beam, whereby each trolley may travel along its rails to and fro along substantially the full length of the beam.
  • a respective inverted T-beam 24 is fixed to and depends from each outer edge of each beam 16 and 17, and wheels 25 on each side of each trolley 22 and 23 run on rails 26 supported by the two inward facing limbs 27 of the two T-beams 24 supported by the outer edges of the associated beam 16 and 17.
  • a detailed view of this arrangement is shown at the top of figure 4, but generally this detail is omitted for simplicity.
  • Further rails 28 are fixed along the two outward facing limbs 29 of the T-beams 24 at the opposing edges of the two beams 16 and 17, and these form a runway for a third mobile trolley 30 having wheels 31 on opposite sides thereof which engage these rails 28.
  • this third trolley 30 is supported between the two beams 16 and 17 in a similar manner as each of the trolleys 22 and 23 is supported below its respective beam 16 and 17, and may thus travel along its rails 28 to and fro along substantially the full length of the space between the beams 16 and 17, i.e. between and parallel to the paths of travel of the two trolleys 22 and 23.
  • each of the two trolley support beams consist of two outer I-beams located vertically, with their upper portions braced together with a lattice construction, allowing the bottom of each I-beam to support two trolley rails.
  • Each of the three trolleys 22, 23 and 30 has a respective container hoist allocated thereto.
  • These hoists may be entirely conventional, and comprise a winch/rope system 32 by which a so-called pulley frame and spreader 33 may be raised and lowered.
  • Spreaders are known in the art, and are lifting frames which can be attached to the four corners at the top of a container by twistlocks. Spreaders either have fixed dimensions, so that they have to be changed for different container dimensions, or they can be telescopic to handle a range of container sizes.
  • first mobile operator cabin 39 (shown only in figure 3) supported for travel along and between the two beams 16 and 17 in the same manner as the third trolley 30 and which during operation of the crane is located towards the front end of the beams for controlling all three trolleys during loading and unloading of containers from a vessel shown. If required for operational reasons, this cabin may be equipped with a side-shift facility to give the operator a clearer vertical view into the particular hold being served.
  • a second operator cabin (which is not shown but may either be fixed to the gantry structure or mobile and supported between the beams like the trolley 30) is located towards the rear of the beams for controlling loading and unloading on the land side of the beams, control of each trolley being passed from one operator to the other at an intermediate point along the respective beam.
  • Figure 4 illustrates how the two beam/three trolley arrangement described can handle three 20 foot cargo containers in a continuous cycle of loading and/or unloading.
  • the gap between the two beams 16 and 17 is located centrally over one row A of 20 foot containers, and the two beams 16 and 17 on either side are located centrally over two rows C and B of 20 foot containers immediately on either side of the first row (see also figure 3).
  • the containers 35 from the row A are lifted to a different height to the containers 34 and 36 from the rows C and B, they may travel freely back and forth along the beams in the same direction or in different directions, and loading may be combined with unloading (i.e. containers carried in both directions).
  • unloading i.e. containers carried in both directions.
  • the centre trolley 30 moves seawards as the outer trolleys 22 and 23 move landwards, and vice versa. This also tends to reduce the maximum load on the ends of the beams.
  • Figure 5 illustrates how 40 foot containers are handled.
  • the centre trolley 30 is not used and is parked on the land side of the beams 16 and 17.
  • the beams 16 and 17 are positioned centrally over adjacent rows D and E of 40 foot containers, and containers 37 from row D may be carried inwardly to the land side simultaneously or alternately with containers 38 from row E. Again, the containers are kept at different heights, and loading may be combined with unloading.
  • trolleys 22 and 23 are parked, and only the centre trolley 30 is used.
  • the crane by incorporating a side-shift facility as described below, it is also possible to design the crane so that it can handle two 35 or 45 or 48 foot containers with the outer trolleys 22 and 23 in a manner similar to that described above for handling two 40 foot containers.
  • Containers are not normally stacked on board ship with their ends touching, although this is theoretically possible and thus must be designed for.
  • the spacing between the ends of adjacent containers is, therefore, a variable with a minimum value of 0 ft. and a maximum of about 6 ft., where container bays are separated from each other by ship's bulkheads or hatch cover mechanisms.
  • the overall width of the beams 16 and 17 is increased, in the direction away from the centre gap which remains at 20 foot, to permit the centre-line 43 of each hoist to be displaced outwardly by up to a distance L, e.g. at least 6 and preferably up to 11 feet.
  • L e.g. at least 6 and preferably up to 11 feet.
  • the major advantage of the invention is that it provides a construction of crane which enables a substantial increase in the efficiency of container handling resulting in major cost and time savings.
EP88311078A 1987-11-24 1988-11-23 Container-Verladekran Withdrawn EP0318264A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE319487 1987-11-24
IE319487A IE873194L (en) 1987-11-24 1987-11-24 Container crane

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0318264A1 true EP0318264A1 (de) 1989-05-31

Family

ID=11038018

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88311078A Withdrawn EP0318264A1 (de) 1987-11-24 1988-11-23 Container-Verladekran

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0318264A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH01162698A (de)
AU (1) AU2580388A (de)
IE (1) IE873194L (de)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0549819A1 (de) * 1991-01-23 1993-07-07 PALMERA S.p.A. Einrichtung zum Entladen von grossen Fischen, wie Thunfischen, aus Schiffen
ES2084542A2 (es) * 1993-03-26 1996-05-01 Taim Tfg Sa Sistema de mecanismo para carga y descarga automatica de palets en barcos.
ES2092944A2 (es) * 1993-03-26 1996-12-01 Taim Tfg Sa Perfeccionamientos introducidos en la patente de invencion n-9300626 "sistema de mecanismo para carga y descarga automatica de palets en barcos".
WO1998030485A1 (en) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-16 Philip Henry Bacon Crane
DE19703284A1 (de) * 1997-01-30 1998-08-06 Estebanez Eva Garcia Container-Verladekran
WO1998035905A2 (de) * 1997-02-14 1998-08-20 Noell Stahl- Und Maschinenbau Gmbh Containerbrücke
WO1999014151A1 (de) * 1997-09-15 1999-03-25 Tax Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh Lastenverladekran, insbesondere containerverladekran
NL1020675C2 (nl) * 2002-05-24 2003-11-25 Univ Delft Tech Portaalkraan voor het laden en/of lossen van zeecontainers, samenstel van twee van dergelijke brugkranen, alsmede gebruik van een portaalkraan of een dergelijk samenstel.
DE10239565A1 (de) * 2002-08-23 2004-03-11 Noell Crane Systems Gmbh Auslegerschloss für die Verbindung zwischen Fahrträgern eines Kranes und Verfahren zum Einbau
CN1309652C (zh) * 2002-05-03 2007-04-11 诺尔起重系统有限公司 吊车上的料斗车
CN100341771C (zh) * 2004-03-31 2007-10-10 上海振华港口机械(集团)股份有限公司 可吊双40英尺箱的双小车集装箱起重机
CN100460305C (zh) * 2003-08-27 2009-02-11 上海振华港口机械(集团)股份有限公司 轨道式双小车龙门型集装箱起重机
WO2009118637A1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Luciano Fantuzzi Machine for lifting and handling loads, in particular containers
WO2009118638A1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Luciano Fantuzzi Port dock crane for lifting and handling loads, in particular containers
US8225948B2 (en) 2006-11-17 2012-07-24 Apm Terminals Management B.V. Plant for transporting cargo and/or from a ship
WO2013079439A1 (en) 2011-11-29 2013-06-06 Apm Terminals Bv A crane
CN103663162A (zh) * 2013-11-13 2014-03-26 中国电器科学研究院有限公司 一种用于车间工位处的轨道升降装置
CN104114470A (zh) * 2011-10-31 2014-10-22 卡哥特科荷兰公司 具有成双的空中吊运车的船到岸起重机
CN104261267A (zh) * 2014-10-11 2015-01-07 华电重工股份有限公司 一种穿越式双小车节能岸桥系统
CN110436330A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-12 深圳空铁科技股份有限公司 用于悬挂式轨道系统的运输机构和悬挂式轨道系统
CN110498346A (zh) * 2019-08-27 2019-11-26 广东永通起重机械股份有限公司 集装箱生产线板用吊装小车装置
WO2020092149A1 (en) * 2018-10-31 2020-05-07 Bec Companies, Inc. Guide track systems for automated material handling, shipping, storage and parking facilities

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4653990B2 (ja) * 2004-09-27 2011-03-16 三井造船株式会社 コンテナクレーン

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE189300C (de) * 1906-04-15 1907-09-21 Benrather Maschinenfabrik Ag Hellingkrananlage
DE1088209B (de) * 1958-03-06 1960-09-01 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Wehrkran
DE1481840A1 (de) * 1967-02-03 1969-03-20 Hans Tax Container-Verladekran
DE1902638A1 (de) * 1968-08-21 1969-09-18 Craig Colin Frachttransportvorrichtung
FR2283852A1 (fr) * 1974-09-06 1976-04-02 Stork Conrad Bv Installation de transbordement, notamment de containers
EP0061790A1 (de) * 1981-03-20 1982-10-06 Frans Swarttouw B.V. Verladebrücke mit Greifer
EP0236976A1 (de) * 1986-03-10 1987-09-16 PHB Weserhütte AG Einrichtung zum Transportieren von Containern oder Stückgut

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE189300C (de) * 1906-04-15 1907-09-21 Benrather Maschinenfabrik Ag Hellingkrananlage
DE1088209B (de) * 1958-03-06 1960-09-01 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Wehrkran
DE1481840A1 (de) * 1967-02-03 1969-03-20 Hans Tax Container-Verladekran
DE1902638A1 (de) * 1968-08-21 1969-09-18 Craig Colin Frachttransportvorrichtung
FR2283852A1 (fr) * 1974-09-06 1976-04-02 Stork Conrad Bv Installation de transbordement, notamment de containers
EP0061790A1 (de) * 1981-03-20 1982-10-06 Frans Swarttouw B.V. Verladebrücke mit Greifer
EP0236976A1 (de) * 1986-03-10 1987-09-16 PHB Weserhütte AG Einrichtung zum Transportieren von Containern oder Stückgut

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0549819A1 (de) * 1991-01-23 1993-07-07 PALMERA S.p.A. Einrichtung zum Entladen von grossen Fischen, wie Thunfischen, aus Schiffen
ES2084542A2 (es) * 1993-03-26 1996-05-01 Taim Tfg Sa Sistema de mecanismo para carga y descarga automatica de palets en barcos.
ES2092944A2 (es) * 1993-03-26 1996-12-01 Taim Tfg Sa Perfeccionamientos introducidos en la patente de invencion n-9300626 "sistema de mecanismo para carga y descarga automatica de palets en barcos".
WO1998030485A1 (en) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-16 Philip Henry Bacon Crane
DE19703284A1 (de) * 1997-01-30 1998-08-06 Estebanez Eva Garcia Container-Verladekran
WO1998035905A3 (de) * 1997-02-14 1998-12-10 Noell Stahl Und Maschinenbau G Containerbrücke
WO1998035905A2 (de) * 1997-02-14 1998-08-20 Noell Stahl- Und Maschinenbau Gmbh Containerbrücke
WO1999014151A1 (de) * 1997-09-15 1999-03-25 Tax Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh Lastenverladekran, insbesondere containerverladekran
CN1309652C (zh) * 2002-05-03 2007-04-11 诺尔起重系统有限公司 吊车上的料斗车
NL1020675C2 (nl) * 2002-05-24 2003-11-25 Univ Delft Tech Portaalkraan voor het laden en/of lossen van zeecontainers, samenstel van twee van dergelijke brugkranen, alsmede gebruik van een portaalkraan of een dergelijk samenstel.
WO2003099700A2 (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-12-04 Technische Universiteit Delft Gantry crane
WO2003099700A3 (en) * 2002-05-24 2004-02-12 Univ Delft Tech Gantry crane
DE10239565A1 (de) * 2002-08-23 2004-03-11 Noell Crane Systems Gmbh Auslegerschloss für die Verbindung zwischen Fahrträgern eines Kranes und Verfahren zum Einbau
DE10239565B4 (de) * 2002-08-23 2006-01-12 Ulrich Heedfeld Auslegerschloss für die Verbindung zwischen Fahrträgern eines Kranes und Verfahren zum Einbau
CN100460305C (zh) * 2003-08-27 2009-02-11 上海振华港口机械(集团)股份有限公司 轨道式双小车龙门型集装箱起重机
CN100341771C (zh) * 2004-03-31 2007-10-10 上海振华港口机械(集团)股份有限公司 可吊双40英尺箱的双小车集装箱起重机
US8225948B2 (en) 2006-11-17 2012-07-24 Apm Terminals Management B.V. Plant for transporting cargo and/or from a ship
WO2009118637A1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Luciano Fantuzzi Machine for lifting and handling loads, in particular containers
WO2009118638A1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Luciano Fantuzzi Port dock crane for lifting and handling loads, in particular containers
CN101959786A (zh) * 2008-03-27 2011-01-26 卢恰诺·凡图齐 用于提升和搬运负载、特别是集装箱的机器
CN104114470A (zh) * 2011-10-31 2014-10-22 卡哥特科荷兰公司 具有成双的空中吊运车的船到岸起重机
CN104114470B (zh) * 2011-10-31 2016-08-24 卡哥特科荷兰公司 具有成双的空中吊运车的船到岸起重机
WO2013079439A1 (en) 2011-11-29 2013-06-06 Apm Terminals Bv A crane
US9617124B2 (en) 2011-11-29 2017-04-11 Apm Terminals Bv Crane
CN103663162A (zh) * 2013-11-13 2014-03-26 中国电器科学研究院有限公司 一种用于车间工位处的轨道升降装置
CN104261267A (zh) * 2014-10-11 2015-01-07 华电重工股份有限公司 一种穿越式双小车节能岸桥系统
WO2020092149A1 (en) * 2018-10-31 2020-05-07 Bec Companies, Inc. Guide track systems for automated material handling, shipping, storage and parking facilities
CN112969649A (zh) * 2018-10-31 2021-06-15 贝克公司 用于自动化物料处理、装运、储存以及停放的设施的导轨系统
CN110498346A (zh) * 2019-08-27 2019-11-26 广东永通起重机械股份有限公司 集装箱生产线板用吊装小车装置
CN110436330A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-12 深圳空铁科技股份有限公司 用于悬挂式轨道系统的运输机构和悬挂式轨道系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01162698A (ja) 1989-06-27
IE873194L (en) 1989-05-24
AU2580388A (en) 1989-05-25

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